Stockfish 4

Stockfish bench signature is: 4132374

Readme.md

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+### Overview
+
+Stockfish is a free UCI chess engine derived from Glaurung 2.1. It is
+not a complete chess program and requires some UCI-compatible GUI
+(e.g. XBoard with PolyGlot, eboard, Arena, Sigma Chess, Shredder, Chess
+Partner or Fritz) in order to be used comfortably. Read the
+documentation for your GUI of choice for information about how to use
+Stockfish with it.
+
+This version of Stockfish supports up to 64 CPUs. The engine defaults
+to one search thread it is therefore recommended to inspect the value of
+the *Threads* UCI parameter, and to make sure it equals the number of CPU
+cores on your computer.
+
+
+### Files
+
+This distribution of Stockfish consists of the following files:
+
+  * Readme.md, the file you are currently reading.
+
+  * Copying.txt, a text file containing the GNU General Public License.
+
+  * src, a subdirectory containing the full source code, including a Makefile
+    that can be used to compile Stockfish on Unix-like systems. For further
+    information about how to compile Stockfish yourself read section below.
+
+  * polyglot.ini, for using Stockfish with Fabien Letouzey's PolyGlot
+    adapter.
+
+
+### Opening books
+
+This version of Stockfish has support for PolyGlot opening books. For
+information about how to create such books, consult the PolyGlot
+documentation. The book file can be selected by setting the *Book File*
+UCI parameter.
+
+
+### Compiling it yourself
+
+On Unix-like systems, it should be possible to compile Stockfish
+directly from the source code with the included Makefile.
+
+Stockfish has support for 32 or 64-bit CPUs, the hardware POPCNT
+instruction, big-endian machines such as Power PC, and other platforms.
+
+In general it is recommended to run `make help` to see a list of make
+targets with corresponding descriptions. When not using Makefile to
+compile (for instance with Microsoft MSVC) you need to manually
+set/unset some switches in the compiler command line; see file *types.h*
+for a quick reference.
+
+
+### Terms of use
+
+Stockfish is free, and distributed under the **GNU General Public License**
+(GPL). Essentially, this means that you are free to do almost exactly
+what you want with the program, including distributing it among your
+friends, making it available for download from your web site, selling
+it (either by itself or as part of some bigger software package), or
+using it as the starting point for a software project of your own.
+
+The only real limitation is that whenever you distribute Stockfish in
+some way, you must always include the full source code, or a pointer
+to where the source code can be found. If you make any changes to the
+source code, these changes must also be made available under the GPL.
+
+For full details, read the copy of the GPL found in the file named
+*Copying.txt*

Readme.txt

@@ -1,85 +0,0 @@
-1. Introduction
----------------
-
-Stockfish is a free UCI chess engine derived from Glaurung 2.1. It is
-not a complete chess program, but requires some UCI compatible GUI
-(like XBoard with PolyGlot, eboard, Josè, Arena, Sigma Chess, Shredder,
-Chess Partner, or Fritz) in order to be used comfortably.  Read the
-documentation for your GUI of choice for information about how to use
-Stockfish with your GUI.
-
-This version of Stockfish supports up to 8 CPUs, but has not been
-tested thoroughly with more than 2.  The program tries to detect the
-number of CPUs on your computer and set the number of search threads
-accordingly, but please be aware that the detection is not always
-correct.  It is therefore recommended to inspect the value of the
-"Threads" UCI parameter, and to make sure it equals the number of CPU
-cores on your computer. If you are using more than four threads, it
-is recommended to raise the value of "Minimum Split Depth" UCI parameter
-to 6.
-
-
-2. Files
---------
-
-This distribution of Stockfish consists of the following files:
-
-  * Readme.txt, the file you are currently reading.
-
-  * Copying.txt, a text file containing the GNU General Public
-    License.
-
-  * src/, a subdirectory containing the full source code, including a
-    Makefile that can be used to compile Stockfish on Unix-like
-    systems.  For further information about how to compile Stockfish
-    yourself, read section 4 below.
-
-  * polyglot.ini, for using Stockfish with Fabien Letouzey's PolyGlot
-    adapter.
-
-
-3. Opening books
-----------------
-
-This version of Stockfish has experimental support for PolyGlot opening
-books. For information about how to create such books, consult the
-PolyGlot documentation.  The book file can be selected by setting the
-UCI parameter "Book File".
-
-
-4. Compiling it yourself
-------------------------
-
-On Unix-like systems, it should usually be possible to compile
-Stockfish directly from the source code with the included Makefile.
-
-For big-endian machines like Power PC you need to enable the proper
-flag changing from -DNBIGENDIAN to -DBIGENDIAN in the Makefile.
-
-Stockfish has POPCNT instruction runtime detection and support. This can
-give an extra speed on Core i7 or similar systems. To enable this feature
-compile with 'make icc-profile-popcnt'
-
-On 64 bit Unix-like systems the 'bsfq' assembly instruction will be used
-for bit counting. Detection is automatic at compile time, but in case you
-experience compile problems you can comment out #define USE_BSFQ line in types.h
-
-
-5. Terms of use
----------------
-
-Stockfish is free, and distributed under the GNU General Public License
-(GPL).  Essentially, this means that you are free to do almost exactly
-what you want with the program, including distributing it among your
-friends, making it available for download from your web site, selling
-it (either by itself or as part of some bigger software package), or
-using it as the starting point for a software project of your own.
-
-The only real limitation is that whenever you distribute Stockfish in
-some way, you must always include the full source code, or a pointer
-to where the source code can be found.  If you make any changes to the
-source code, these changes must also be made available under the GPL.
-
-For full details, read the copy of the GPL found in the file named
-Copying.txt.
-

polyglot.ini

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-
 [PolyGlot]
 
 EngineDir = .
@@ -15,34 +14,34 @@ ResignScore = 600
 
 [Engine]
 
-Hash = 128
-Threads = 1
-OwnBook = false
+Write Debug Log = false
+Write Search Log = false
+Search Log Filename = SearchLog.txt
 Book File = book.bin
 Best Book Move = false
-Use Search Log = false
-Search Log Filename = SearchLog.txt
-Mobility (Middle Game) = 100
+Contempt Factor = 0
+Mobility (Midgame) = 100
 Mobility (Endgame) = 100
-Pawn Structure (Middle Game) = 100
+Pawn Structure (Midgame) = 100
 Pawn Structure (Endgame) = 100
-Passed Pawns (Middle Game) = 100
+Passed Pawns (Midgame) = 100
 Passed Pawns (Endgame) = 100
 Space = 100
 Aggressiveness = 100
 Cowardice = 100
-Check Extension (PV nodes) = 2
-Check Extension (non-PV nodes) = 1
-Single Reply Extension (PV nodes) = 2
-Single Reply Extension (non-PV nodes) = 2
-Mate Threat Extension (PV nodes) = 0
-Mate Threat Extension (non-PV nodes) = 0
-Pawn Push to 7th Extension (PV nodes) = 1
-Pawn Push to 7th Extension (non-PV nodes) = 1
-Passed Pawn Extension (PV nodes) = 1
-Passed Pawn Extension (non-PV nodes) = 0
-Pawn Endgame Extension (PV nodes) = 2
-Pawn Endgame Extension (non-PV nodes) = 2
-Randomness = 0
-Minimum Split Depth = 4
-Maximum Number of Threads per Split Point = 5
+Min Split Depth = 0
+Max Threads per Split Point = 5
+Threads = 1
+Idle Threads Sleep = false
+Hash = 128
+Ponder = true
+OwnBook = false
+MultiPV = 1
+Skill Level = 20
+Emergency Move Horizon = 40
+Emergency Base Time = 200
+Emergency Move Time = 70
+Minimum Thinking Time = 20
+Slow Mover = 100
+UCI_Chess960 = false
+UCI_AnalyseMode = false

src/COPYING

@@ -1,674 +0,0 @@
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-if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
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-may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
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-Public License instead of this License.  But first, please read
-<http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html>.

src/Makefile

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 # Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
 # Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-# Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
-#
-# This file is part of Stockfish.
+# Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 #
 # Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -22,21 +20,28 @@
 ### Section 1. General Configuration
 ### ==========================================================================
 
+### Establish the operating system name
+UNAME = $(shell uname)
+
 ### Executable name
 EXE = stockfish
 
 ### Installation dir definitions
 PREFIX = /usr/local
+# Haiku has a non-standard filesystem layout
+ifeq ($(UNAME),Haiku)
+	PREFIX=/boot/common
+endif
 BINDIR = $(PREFIX)/bin
 
-### Built-in benchmark for pgo-builds
+### Built-in benchmark for pgo-builds and signature
 PGOBENCH = ./$(EXE) bench 32 1 10 default depth
+SIGNBENCH = ./$(EXE) bench
 
 ### Object files
-OBJS = bitboard.o pawns.o material.o endgame.o evaluate.o main.o \
-	misc.o move.o movegen.o history.o movepick.o search.o position.o \
-	tt.o uci.o ucioption.o book.o bitbase.o san.o benchmark.o timeman.o
-
+OBJS = benchmark.o bitbase.o bitboard.o book.o endgame.o evaluate.o main.o \
+	material.o misc.o movegen.o movepick.o notation.o pawns.o position.o \
+	search.o thread.o timeman.o tt.o uci.o ucioption.o
 
 ### ==========================================================================
 ### Section 2. High-level Configuration
@@ -45,16 +50,16 @@ OBJS = bitboard.o pawns.o material.o endgame.o evaluate.o main.o \
 # flag                --- Comp switch --- Description
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #
-# debug = no/yes      --- -DNDEBUG    --- Enable/Disable debug mode
+# debug = yes/no      --- -DNDEBUG         --- Enable/Disable debug mode
 # optimize = yes/no   --- (-O3/-fast etc.) --- Enable/Disable optimizations
-# arch = (name)       --- (-arch)     --- Target architecture
-# os = (name)         ---             --- Target operating system
-# bits = 64/32        --- -DIS_64BIT  --- 64-/32-bit operating system
-# bigendian = no/yes  --- -DBIGENDIAN --- big/little-endian byte order
-# prefetch = no/yes   --- -DUSE_PREFETCH  --- Use prefetch x86 asm-instruction
-# bsfq = no/yes       --- -DUSE_BSFQ  --- Use bsfq x86_64 asm-instruction
-#                                     --- (Works only with GCC and ICC 64-bit)
-# popcnt = no/yes     --- -DUSE_POPCNT --- Use popcnt x86_64 asm-instruction
+# arch = (name)       --- (-arch)          --- Target architecture
+# os = (name)         ---                  --- Target operating system
+# bits = 64/32        --- -DIS_64BIT       --- 64-/32-bit operating system
+# prefetch = yes/no   --- -DUSE_PREFETCH   --- Use prefetch x86 asm-instruction
+# bsfq = yes/no       --- -DUSE_BSFQ       --- Use bsfq x86_64 asm-instruction (only
+#                                              with GCC and ICC 64-bit)
+# popcnt = yes/no     --- -DUSE_POPCNT     --- Use popcnt x86_64 asm-instruction
+# sse = yes/no        --- -msse            --- Use Intel Streaming SIMD Extensions
 #
 # Note that Makefile is space sensitive, so when adding new architectures
 # or modifying existing flags, you have to make sure there are no extra spaces
@@ -71,40 +76,20 @@ ifeq ($(ARCH),general-64)
 	arch = any
 	os = any
 	bits = 64
-	bigendian = no
 	prefetch = no
 	bsfq = no
 	popcnt = no
+	sse = no
 endif
 
 ifeq ($(ARCH),general-32)
 	arch = any
 	os = any
 	bits = 32
-	bigendian = no
-	prefetch = no
-	bsfq = no
-	popcnt = no
-endif
-
-ifeq ($(ARCH),bigendian-64)
-	arch = any
-	os = any
-	bits = 64
-	bigendian = yes
-	prefetch = no
-	bsfq = no
-	popcnt = no
-endif
-
-ifeq ($(ARCH),bigendian-32)
-	arch = any
-	os = any
-	bits = 32
-	bigendian = yes
 	prefetch = no
 	bsfq = no
 	popcnt = no
+	sse = no
 endif
 
 # x86-section
@@ -112,40 +97,51 @@ ifeq ($(ARCH),x86-64)
 	arch = x86_64
 	os = any
 	bits = 64
-	bigendian = no
 	prefetch = yes
 	bsfq = yes
 	popcnt = no
+	sse = yes
 endif
 
 ifeq ($(ARCH),x86-64-modern)
 	arch = x86_64
 	os = any
 	bits = 64
-	bigendian = no
 	prefetch = yes
 	bsfq = yes
 	popcnt = yes
+	sse = yes
 endif
 
 ifeq ($(ARCH),x86-32)
 	arch = i386
 	os = any
 	bits = 32
-	bigendian = no
 	prefetch = yes
 	bsfq = no
 	popcnt = no
+	sse = yes
 endif
 
 ifeq ($(ARCH),x86-32-old)
 	arch = i386
 	os = any
 	bits = 32
-	bigendian = no
 	prefetch = no
 	bsfq = no
 	popcnt = no
+	sse = no
+endif
+
+#arm section
+ifeq ($(ARCH),armv7)
+	arch = armv7
+	os = any
+	bits = 32
+	prefetch = yes
+	bsfq = yes
+	popcnt = no
+	sse = no
 endif
 
 # osx-section
@@ -153,40 +149,40 @@ ifeq ($(ARCH),osx-ppc-64)
 	arch = ppc64
 	os = osx
 	bits = 64
-	bigendian = yes
 	prefetch = no
 	bsfq = no
 	popcnt = no
+	sse = no
 endif
 
 ifeq ($(ARCH),osx-ppc-32)
 	arch = ppc
 	os = osx
 	bits = 32
-	bigendian = yes
 	prefetch = no
 	bsfq = no
 	popcnt = no
+	sse = no
 endif
 
 ifeq ($(ARCH),osx-x86-64)
 	arch = x86_64
 	os = osx
 	bits = 64
-	bigendian = no
 	prefetch = yes
 	bsfq = yes
 	popcnt = no
+	sse = yes
 endif
 
 ifeq ($(ARCH),osx-x86-32)
 	arch = i386
 	os = osx
 	bits = 32
-	bigendian = no
 	prefetch = yes
 	bsfq = no
 	popcnt = no
+	sse = yes
 endif
 
 
@@ -226,35 +222,62 @@ ifeq ($(COMP),icc)
 	profile_clean = icc-profile-clean
 endif
 
+ifeq ($(COMP),clang)
+	comp=clang
+	CXX=clang++
+	profile_prepare = gcc-profile-prepare
+	profile_make = gcc-profile-make
+	profile_use = gcc-profile-use
+	profile_clean = gcc-profile-clean
+endif
+
 ### 3.2 General compiler settings
-CXXFLAGS = -g -Wall -Wcast-qual -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti $(EXTRACXXFLAGS)
+CXXFLAGS = -Wall -Wcast-qual -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti $(EXTRACXXFLAGS)
 
 ifeq ($(comp),gcc)
-	CXXFLAGS += -ansi -pedantic -Wno-long-long -Wextra
+	CXXFLAGS += -ansi -pedantic -Wno-long-long -Wextra -Wshadow
 endif
 
 ifeq ($(comp),mingw)
-	CXXFLAGS += -Wno-long-long -Wextra
+	CXXFLAGS += -Wextra -Wshadow
 endif
 
 ifeq ($(comp),icc)
-	CXXFLAGS += -wd383,981,1418,1419,10187,10188,11505,11503 -Wcheck -Wabi -Wdeprecated -strict-ansi
+	CXXFLAGS += -wd383,981,1418,1419,1476,10187,10188,11505,11503 -Wcheck -Wabi -Wdeprecated -strict-ansi
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(comp),clang)
+	CXXFLAGS += -ansi -pedantic -Wno-long-long -Wextra -Wshadow
 endif
 
 ifeq ($(os),osx)
-	CXXFLAGS += -arch $(arch)
+	CXXFLAGS += -arch $(arch) -mmacosx-version-min=10.0
 endif
 
 ### 3.3 General linker settings
-LDFLAGS = -lpthread $(EXTRALDFLAGS)
+LDFLAGS = $(EXTRALDFLAGS)
+
+ifeq ($(comp),mingw)
+	LDFLAGS += -static-libstdc++ -static-libgcc
+endif
+
+### On mingw use Windows threads, otherwise POSIX
+ifneq ($(comp),mingw)
+	# Haiku has pthreads in its libroot, so only link it in on other platforms
+	ifneq ($(UNAME),Haiku)
+		LDFLAGS += -lpthread
+	endif
+endif
 
 ifeq ($(os),osx)
-	LDFLAGS += -arch $(arch)
+	LDFLAGS += -arch $(arch) -mmacosx-version-min=10.0
 endif
 
 ### 3.4 Debugging
 ifeq ($(debug),no)
 	CXXFLAGS += -DNDEBUG
+else
+	CXXFLAGS += -g
 endif
 
 ### 3.5 Optimization
@@ -271,6 +294,10 @@ ifeq ($(optimize),yes)
 				CXXFLAGS += -mdynamic-no-pic
 			endif
 		endif
+
+		ifeq ($(arch),armv7)
+			CXXFLAGS += -fno-gcse
+		endif
 	endif
 
 	ifeq ($(comp),mingw)
@@ -278,10 +305,24 @@ ifeq ($(optimize),yes)
 	endif
 
 	ifeq ($(comp),icc)
-		CXXFLAGS += -fast
+		ifeq ($(os),osx)
+			CXXFLAGS += -fast -mdynamic-no-pic
+		else
+			CXXFLAGS += -O3
+		endif
+	endif
+
+	ifeq ($(comp),clang)
+		### -O4 requires a linker that supports LLVM's LTO
+		CXXFLAGS += -O3
 
 		ifeq ($(os),osx)
-			CXXFLAGS += -mdynamic-no-pic
+			ifeq ($(arch),i386)
+				CXXFLAGS += -mdynamic-no-pic
+			endif
+			ifeq ($(arch),x86_64)
+				CXXFLAGS += -mdynamic-no-pic
+			endif
 		endif
 	endif
 endif
@@ -291,36 +332,46 @@ ifeq ($(bits),64)
 	CXXFLAGS += -DIS_64BIT
 endif
 
-### 3.7 Endianess
-ifeq ($(bigendian),yes)
-	CXXFLAGS += -DBIGENDIAN
-endif
-
-### 3.8 prefetch
+### 3.7 prefetch
 ifeq ($(prefetch),yes)
-	CXXFLAGS += -msse
-	DEPENDFLAGS += -msse
+	ifeq ($(sse),yes)
+		CXXFLAGS += -msse
+		DEPENDFLAGS += -msse
+	endif
 else
 	CXXFLAGS += -DNO_PREFETCH
 endif
 
-### 3.9 bsfq
+### 3.8 bsfq
 ifeq ($(bsfq),yes)
 	CXXFLAGS += -DUSE_BSFQ
 endif
 
-### 3.10 popcnt
+### 3.9 popcnt
 ifeq ($(popcnt),yes)
-	CXXFLAGS += -DUSE_POPCNT
+	CXXFLAGS += -msse3 -DUSE_POPCNT
+endif
+
+### 3.10 Link Time Optimization, it works since gcc 4.5 but not on mingw.
+### This is a mix of compile and link time options because the lto link phase
+### needs access to the optimization flags.
+ifeq ($(comp),gcc)
+	ifeq ($(optimize),yes)
+	ifeq ($(debug),no)
+		GCC_MAJOR := `$(CXX) -dumpversion | cut -f1 -d.`
+		GCC_MINOR := `$(CXX) -dumpversion | cut -f2 -d.`
+		ifeq (1,$(shell expr \( $(GCC_MAJOR) \> 4 \) \| \( $(GCC_MAJOR) \= 4 \& $(GCC_MINOR) \>= 5 \)))
+			CXXFLAGS += -flto
+			LDFLAGS += $(CXXFLAGS)
+		endif
+	endif
+	endif
 endif
 
 ### ==========================================================================
 ### Section 4. Public targets
 ### ==========================================================================
 
-default:
-	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) build
-
 help:
 	@echo ""
 	@echo "To compile stockfish, type: "
@@ -329,45 +380,46 @@ help:
 	@echo ""
 	@echo "Supported targets:"
 	@echo ""
-	@echo "build                > Build unoptimized version"
-	@echo "profile-build        > Build PGO-optimized version"
-	@echo "popcnt-profile-build > Build PGO-optimized version with optional popcnt-support"
-	@echo "strip                > Strip executable"
-	@echo "install              > Install executable"
-	@echo "clean                > Clean up"
-	@echo "testrun              > Make sample run"
+	@echo "build                   > Standard build"
+	@echo "signature-build         > Standard build with embedded signature"
+	@echo "profile-build           > PGO build"
+	@echo "signature-profile-build > PGO build with embedded signature"
+	@echo "strip                   > Strip executable"
+	@echo "install                 > Install executable"
+	@echo "clean                   > Clean up"
 	@echo ""
 	@echo "Supported archs:"
 	@echo ""
-	@echo "x86-64               > x86 64-bit"
-	@echo "x86-64-modern        > x86 64-bit with runtime support for popcnt-instruction"
-	@echo "x86-32               > x86 32-bit excluding very old hardware without SSE-support"
-	@echo "x86-32-old           > x86 32-bit including also very old hardware"
-	@echo "osx-ppc-64           > PPC-Mac OS X 64 bit"
-	@echo "osx-ppc-32           > PPC-Mac OS X 32 bit"
-	@echo "osx-x86-64           > x86-Mac OS X 64 bit"
-	@echo "osx-x86-32           > x86-Mac OS X 32 bit"
-	@echo "general-64           > unspecified 64-bit"
-	@echo "general-32           > unspecified 32-bit"
-	@echo "bigendian-64         > unspecified 64-bit with bigendian byte order"
-	@echo "bigendian-32         > unspecified 32-bit with bigendian byte order"
+	@echo "x86-64                  > x86 64-bit"
+	@echo "x86-64-modern           > x86 64-bit with popcnt support"
+	@echo "x86-32                  > x86 32-bit with SSE support"
+	@echo "x86-32-old              > x86 32-bit fall back for old hardware"
+	@echo "osx-ppc-64              > PPC-Mac OS X 64 bit"
+	@echo "osx-ppc-32              > PPC-Mac OS X 32 bit"
+	@echo "osx-x86-64              > x86-Mac OS X 64 bit"
+	@echo "osx-x86-32              > x86-Mac OS X 32 bit"
+	@echo "armv7                   > ARMv7 32 bit"
+	@echo "general-64              > unspecified 64-bit"
+	@echo "general-32              > unspecified 32-bit"
 	@echo ""
-	@echo "Supported comps:"
+	@echo "Supported compilers:"
 	@echo ""
-	@echo "gcc                  > Gnu compiler (default)"
-	@echo "icc                  > Intel compiler"
-	@echo "mingw                > Gnu compiler with MinGW under Windows"
+	@echo "gcc                     > Gnu compiler (default)"
+	@echo "mingw                   > Gnu compiler with MinGW under Windows"
+	@echo "clang                   > LLVM Clang compiler"
+	@echo "icc                     > Intel compiler"
 	@echo ""
 	@echo "Non-standard targets:"
 	@echo ""
-	@echo "make hpux           >  Compile for HP-UX. Compiler = aCC"
+	@echo "make hpux               >  Compile for HP-UX. Compiler = aCC"
 	@echo ""
 	@echo "Examples. If you don't know what to do, you likely want to run: "
 	@echo ""
-	@echo "make profile-build ARCH=x86-64    (This is for 64-bit systems)"
-	@echo "make profile-build ARCH=x86-32    (This is for 32-bit systems)"
+	@echo "make build ARCH=x86-64    (This is for 64-bit systems)"
+	@echo "make build ARCH=x86-32    (This is for 32-bit systems)"
 	@echo ""
 
+.PHONY: build profile-build embed-signature
 build:
 	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) config-sanity
 	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) all
@@ -392,33 +444,17 @@ profile-build:
 	@echo "Step 4/4. Deleting profile data ..."
 	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) $(profile_clean)
 
-popcnt-profile-build:
-	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) config-sanity
-	@echo ""
-	@echo "Step 0/6. Preparing for profile build."
-	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) $(profile_prepare)
-	@echo ""
-	@echo "Step 1/6. Building executable for benchmark (popcnt disabled)..."
-	@touch *.cpp *.h
-	$(MAKE) ARCH=x86-64 COMP=$(COMP) $(profile_make)
-	@echo ""
-	@echo "Step 2/6. Running benchmark for pgo-build (popcnt disabled)..."
-	@$(PGOBENCH) > /dev/null
-	@echo ""
-	@echo "Step 3/6. Building executable for benchmark (popcnt enabled)..."
-	@touch *.cpp *.h
-	$(MAKE) ARCH=x86-64-modern COMP=$(COMP) $(profile_make)
-	@echo ""
-	@echo "Step 4/6. Running benchmark for pgo-build (popcnt enabled)..."
-	@$(PGOBENCH) > /dev/null
-	@echo ""
-	@echo "Step 5/6. Building final executable ..."
-	@touch *.cpp *.h
-	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) $(profile_use)
-	@echo ""
-	@echo "Step 6/6. Deleting profile data ..."
-	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) $(profile_clean)
-	@echo ""
+embed-signature:
+	@echo "Running benchmark for getting the signature ..."
+	@$(SIGNBENCH) 2>&1 | sed -n 's/Nodes searched  : \(.*\)/\/string Version\/s\/"\\(.*\\)"\/"sig-\1"\//p' > sign.txt
+	@sed -f sign.txt misc.cpp > misc2.cpp
+	@mv misc2.cpp misc.cpp
+	@rm sign.txt
+
+signature-build: build embed-signature
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) all
+
+signature-profile-build: build embed-signature profile-build
 
 strip:
 	strip $(EXE)
@@ -431,8 +467,8 @@ install:
 clean:
 	$(RM) $(EXE) $(EXE).exe *.o .depend *~ core bench.txt *.gcda
 
-testrun:
-	@$(PGOBENCH)
+default:
+	help
 
 ### ==========================================================================
 ### Section 5. Private targets
@@ -448,10 +484,10 @@ config-sanity:
 	@echo "arch: '$(arch)'"
 	@echo "os: '$(os)'"
 	@echo "bits: '$(bits)'"
-	@echo "bigendian: '$(bigendian)'"
 	@echo "prefetch: '$(prefetch)'"
 	@echo "bsfq: '$(bsfq)'"
 	@echo "popcnt: '$(popcnt)'"
+	@echo "sse: '$(sse)'"
 	@echo ""
 	@echo "Flags:"
 	@echo "CXX: $(CXX)"
@@ -463,14 +499,14 @@ config-sanity:
 	@test "$(debug)" = "yes" || test "$(debug)" = "no"
 	@test "$(optimize)" = "yes" || test "$(optimize)" = "no"
 	@test "$(arch)" = "any" || test "$(arch)" = "x86_64" || test "$(arch)" = "i386" || \
-	 test "$(arch)" = "ppc64" || test "$(arch)" = "ppc"
+	 test "$(arch)" = "ppc64" || test "$(arch)" = "ppc" || test "$(arch)" = "armv7"
 	@test "$(os)" = "any" || test "$(os)" = "osx"
 	@test "$(bits)" = "32" || test "$(bits)" = "64"
-	@test "$(bigendian)" = "yes" || test "$(bigendian)" = "no"
 	@test "$(prefetch)" = "yes" || test "$(prefetch)" = "no"
 	@test "$(bsfq)" = "yes" || test "$(bsfq)" = "no"
 	@test "$(popcnt)" = "yes" || test "$(popcnt)" = "no"
-	@test "$(comp)" = "gcc" || test "$(comp)" = "icc" || test "$(comp)" = "mingw"
+	@test "$(sse)" = "yes" || test "$(sse)" = "no"
+	@test "$(comp)" = "gcc" || test "$(comp)" = "icc" || test "$(comp)" = "mingw" || test "$(comp)" = "clang"
 
 $(EXE): $(OBJS)
 	$(CXX) -o $@ $(OBJS) $(LDFLAGS)
@@ -487,6 +523,7 @@ gcc-profile-make:
 gcc-profile-use:
 	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) \
 	EXTRACXXFLAGS='-fprofile-use' \
+	EXTRALDFLAGS='-lgcov' \
 	all
 
 gcc-profile-clean:
@@ -521,7 +558,7 @@ icc-profile-clean:
 
 hpux:
 	$(MAKE) \
-	CXX='/opt/aCC/bin/aCC -AA +hpxstd98 -DBIGENDIAN -mt +O3 -DNDEBUG -DNO_PREFETCH' \
+	CXX='/opt/aCC/bin/aCC -AA +hpxstd98 -mt +O3 -DNDEBUG -DNO_PREFETCH' \
 	CXXFLAGS="" \
 	LDFLAGS="" \
 	all

src/benchmark.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,27 +17,24 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
 #include <fstream>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <istream>
 #include <vector>
 
+#include "misc.h"
+#include "position.h"
 #include "search.h"
 #include "thread.h"
+#include "tt.h"
 #include "ucioption.h"
 
 using namespace std;
 
-////
-//// Variables
-////
-
-static const string BenchmarkPositions[] = {
+static const char* Defaults[] = {
   "rnbqkbnr/pppppppp/8/8/8/8/PPPPPPPP/RNBQKBNR w KQkq - 0 1",
-  "r3k2r/p1ppqpb1/bn2pnp1/3PN3/1p2P3/2N2Q1p/PPPBBPPP/R3K2R w KQkq -",
-  "8/2p5/3p4/KP5r/1R3p1k/8/4P1P1/8 w - -",
+  "r3k2r/p1ppqpb1/bn2pnp1/3PN3/1p2P3/2N2Q1p/PPPBBPPP/R3K2R w KQkq - 0 10",
+  "8/2p5/3p4/KP5r/1R3p1k/8/4P1P1/8 w - - 0 11",
   "4rrk1/pp1n3p/3q2pQ/2p1pb2/2PP4/2P3N1/P2B2PP/4RRK1 b - - 7 19",
   "rq3rk1/ppp2ppp/1bnpb3/3N2B1/3NP3/7P/PPPQ1PP1/2KR3R w - - 7 14",
   "r1bq1r1k/1pp1n1pp/1p1p4/4p2Q/4Pp2/1BNP4/PPP2PPP/3R1RK1 w - - 2 14",
@@ -50,105 +47,99 @@ static const string BenchmarkPositions[] = {
   "3r1rk1/p5pp/bpp1pp2/8/q1PP1P2/b3P3/P2NQRPP/1R2B1K1 b - - 6 22",
   "r1q2rk1/2p1bppp/2Pp4/p6b/Q1PNp3/4B3/PP1R1PPP/2K4R w - - 2 18",
   "4k2r/1pb2ppp/1p2p3/1R1p4/3P4/2r1PN2/P4PPP/1R4K1 b - - 3 22",
-  "3q2k1/pb3p1p/4pbp1/2r5/PpN2N2/1P2P2P/5PP1/Q2R2K1 b - - 4 26",
-  ""
+  "3q2k1/pb3p1p/4pbp1/2r5/PpN2N2/1P2P2P/5PP1/Q2R2K1 b - - 4 26"
 };
 
 
-////
-//// Functions
-////
-
 /// benchmark() runs a simple benchmark by letting Stockfish analyze a set
-/// of positions for a given limit each.  There are five parameters; the
+/// of positions for a given limit each. There are five parameters; the
 /// transposition table size, the number of search threads that should
-/// be used, the limit value spent for each position (optional, default
-/// is ply 12), an optional file name where to look for positions in fen
-/// format (default are the BenchmarkPositions defined above) and the type
-/// of the limit value: depth (default), time in secs or number of nodes.
-/// The analysis is written to a file named bench.txt.
+/// be used, the limit value spent for each position (optional, default is
+/// depth 12), an optional file name where to look for positions in fen
+/// format (defaults are the positions defined above) and the type of the
+/// limit value: depth (default), time in secs or number of nodes.
 
-void benchmark(int argc, char* argv[]) {
+void benchmark(const Position& current, istream& is) {
 
-  vector<string> positions;
-  string ttSize, threads, valStr, posFile, valType;
-  int val, secsPerPos, maxDepth, maxNodes;
+  string token;
+  Search::LimitsType limits;
+  vector<string> fens;
 
-  ttSize  = argc > 2 ? argv[2] : "128";
-  threads = argc > 3 ? argv[3] : "1";
-  valStr  = argc > 4 ? argv[4] : "12";
-  posFile = argc > 5 ? argv[5] : "default";
-  valType = argc > 6 ? argv[6] : "depth";
+  // Assign default values to missing arguments
+  string ttSize    = (is >> token) ? token : "32";
+  string threads   = (is >> token) ? token : "1";
+  string limit     = (is >> token) ? token : "12";
+  string fenFile   = (is >> token) ? token : "default";
+  string limitType = (is >> token) ? token : "depth";
 
-  Options["Hash"].set_value(ttSize);
-  Options["Threads"].set_value(threads);
-  Options["OwnBook"].set_value("false");
-  Options["Use Search Log"].set_value("true");
-  Options["Search Log Filename"].set_value("bench.txt");
+  Options["Hash"]    = ttSize;
+  Options["Threads"] = threads;
+  TT.clear();
 
-  secsPerPos = maxDepth = maxNodes = 0;
-  val = atoi(valStr.c_str());
+  if (limitType == "time")
+      limits.movetime = 1000 * atoi(limit.c_str()); // movetime is in ms
+
+  else if (limitType == "nodes")
+      limits.nodes = atoi(limit.c_str());
+
+  else if (limitType == "mate")
+      limits.mate = atoi(limit.c_str());
 
-  if (valType == "depth" || valType == "perft")
-      maxDepth = val;
-  else if (valType == "time")
-      secsPerPos = val * 1000;
   else
-      maxNodes = val;
+      limits.depth = atoi(limit.c_str());
 
-  if (posFile != "default")
+  if (fenFile == "default")
+      fens.assign(Defaults, Defaults + 16);
+
+  else if (fenFile == "current")
+      fens.push_back(current.fen());
+
+  else
   {
-      ifstream fenFile(posFile.c_str());
-      if (!fenFile.is_open())
-      {
-          cerr << "Unable to open positions file " << posFile << endl;
-          exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-      }
-      string pos;
-      while (fenFile.good())
-      {
-          getline(fenFile, pos);
-          if (!pos.empty())
-              positions.push_back(pos);
-      }
-      fenFile.close();
-  } else
-      for (int i = 0; !BenchmarkPositions[i].empty(); i++)
-          positions.push_back(BenchmarkPositions[i]);
+      string fen;
+      ifstream file(fenFile.c_str());
 
-  vector<string>::iterator it;
-  int cnt = 1;
-  int64_t totalNodes = 0;
-  int startTime = get_system_time();
+      if (!file.is_open())
+      {
+          cerr << "Unable to open file " << fenFile << endl;
+          return;
+      }
 
-  for (it = positions.begin(); it != positions.end(); ++it, ++cnt)
+      while (getline(file, fen))
+          if (!fen.empty())
+              fens.push_back(fen);
+
+      file.close();
+  }
+
+  int64_t nodes = 0;
+  Search::StateStackPtr st;
+  Time::point elapsed = Time::now();
+
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < fens.size(); i++)
   {
-      Move moves[1] = { MOVE_NONE };
-      int dummy[2] = { 0, 0 };
-      Position pos(*it, 0);
-      cerr << "\nBench position: " << cnt << '/' << positions.size() << endl << endl;
-      if (valType == "perft")
+      Position pos(fens[i], Options["UCI_Chess960"], Threads.main());
+
+      cerr << "\nPosition: " << i + 1 << '/' << fens.size() << endl;
+
+      if (limitType == "perft")
       {
-          int64_t perftCnt = perft(pos, maxDepth * ONE_PLY);
-          cerr << "\nPerft " << maxDepth << " result (nodes searched): " << perftCnt << endl << endl;
-          totalNodes += perftCnt;
-      } else {
-          if (!think(pos, false, false, dummy, dummy, 0, maxDepth, maxNodes, secsPerPos, moves))
-              break;
-          totalNodes += pos.nodes_searched();
+          size_t cnt = Search::perft(pos, limits.depth * ONE_PLY);
+          cerr << "\nPerft " << limits.depth  << " leaf nodes: " << cnt << endl;
+          nodes += cnt;
+      }
+      else
+      {
+          Threads.start_thinking(pos, limits, vector<Move>(), st);
+          Threads.wait_for_think_finished();
+          nodes += Search::RootPos.nodes_searched();
       }
   }
 
-  cnt = get_system_time() - startTime;
-  cerr << "==============================="
-       << "\nTotal time (ms) : " << cnt
-       << "\nNodes searched  : " << totalNodes
-       << "\nNodes/second    : " << (int)(totalNodes/(cnt/1000.0)) << endl << endl;
+  elapsed = Time::now() - elapsed + 1; // Assure positive to avoid a 'divide by zero'
 
-  // Under MS Visual C++ debug window always unconditionally closes
-  // when program exits, this is bad because we want to read results before.
-  #if (defined(WINDOWS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(WIN64))
-  cerr << "Press any key to exit" << endl;
-  cin >> ttSize;
-  #endif
+  cerr << "\n==========================="
+       << "\nTotal time (ms) : " << elapsed
+       << "\nNodes searched  : " << nodes
+       << "\nNodes/second    : " << 1000 * nodes / elapsed << endl;
 }

src/bitbase.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,303 +17,159 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
 #include <cassert>
+#include <vector>
 
 #include "bitboard.h"
-#include "square.h"
-
-
-////
-//// Local definitions
-////
+#include "types.h"
 
 namespace {
 
+  // The possible pawns squares are 24, the first 4 files and ranks from 2 to 7
+  const unsigned IndexMax = 2*24*64*64; // stm * psq * wksq * bksq = 196608
+
+  // Each uint32_t stores results of 32 positions, one per bit
+  uint32_t KPKBitbase[IndexMax / 32];
+
+  // A KPK bitbase index is an integer in [0, IndexMax] range
+  //
+  // Information is mapped in a way that minimizes number of iterations:
+  //
+  // bit  0- 5: white king square (from SQ_A1 to SQ_H8)
+  // bit  6-11: black king square (from SQ_A1 to SQ_H8)
+  // bit    12: side to move (WHITE or BLACK)
+  // bit 13-14: white pawn file (from FILE_A to FILE_D)
+  // bit 15-17: white pawn RANK_7 - rank (from RANK_7 - RANK_7 to RANK_7 - RANK_2)
+  unsigned index(Color us, Square bksq, Square wksq, Square psq) {
+    return wksq + (bksq << 6) + (us << 12) + (file_of(psq) << 13) + ((RANK_7 - rank_of(psq)) << 15);
+  }
+
   enum Result {
-    RESULT_UNKNOWN,
-    RESULT_INVALID,
-    RESULT_WIN,
-    RESULT_LOSS,
-    RESULT_DRAW
+    INVALID = 0,
+    UNKNOWN = 1,
+    DRAW    = 2,
+    WIN     = 4
   };
 
+  inline Result& operator|=(Result& r, Result v) { return r = Result(r | v); }
+
   struct KPKPosition {
-    void from_index(int index);
-    bool is_legal() const;
-    bool is_immediate_draw() const;
-    bool is_immediate_win() const;
-    Bitboard wk_attacks()   const { return StepAttackBB[WK][whiteKingSquare]; }
-    Bitboard bk_attacks()   const { return StepAttackBB[BK][blackKingSquare]; }
-    Bitboard pawn_attacks() const { return StepAttackBB[WP][pawnSquare]; }
 
-    Square whiteKingSquare, blackKingSquare, pawnSquare;
-    Color sideToMove;
+    operator Result() const { return res; }
+    Result classify_leaf(unsigned idx);
+    Result classify(const std::vector<KPKPosition>& db)
+    { return us == WHITE ? classify<WHITE>(db) : classify<BLACK>(db); }
+
+  private:
+    template<Color Us> Result classify(const std::vector<KPKPosition>& db);
+
+    Color us;
+    Square bksq, wksq, psq;
+    Result res;
   };
 
-  const int IndexMax = 2 * 24 * 64 * 64;
+} // namespace
 
-  Result classify_wtm(const KPKPosition& pos, const Result bb[]);
-  Result classify_btm(const KPKPosition& pos, const Result bb[]);
-  int compute_index(Square wksq, Square bksq, Square psq, Color stm);
+
+bool Bitbases::probe_kpk(Square wksq, Square wpsq, Square bksq, Color us) {
+
+  assert(file_of(wpsq) <= FILE_D);
+
+  unsigned idx = index(us, bksq, wksq, wpsq);
+  return KPKBitbase[idx / 32] & (1 << (idx & 0x1F));
 }
 
 
-////
-//// Functions
-////
+void Bitbases::init_kpk() {
 
-void generate_kpk_bitbase(uint8_t bitbase[]) {
+  unsigned idx, repeat = 1;
+  std::vector<KPKPosition> db(IndexMax);
 
-  bool repeat;
-  int i, j, b;
-  KPKPosition pos;
-  Result bb[IndexMax];
+  // Initialize db with known win / draw positions
+  for (idx = 0; idx < IndexMax; idx++)
+      db[idx].classify_leaf(idx);
 
-  // Initialize table
-  for (i = 0; i < IndexMax; i++)
-  {
-      pos.from_index(i);
-      bb[i] = !pos.is_legal()          ? RESULT_INVALID
-             : pos.is_immediate_draw() ? RESULT_DRAW
-             : pos.is_immediate_win()  ? RESULT_WIN : RESULT_UNKNOWN;
-  }
+  // Iterate through the positions until no more of the unknown positions can be
+  // changed to either wins or draws (15 cycles needed).
+  while (repeat)
+      for (repeat = idx = 0; idx < IndexMax; idx++)
+          if (db[idx] == UNKNOWN && db[idx].classify(db) != UNKNOWN)
+              repeat = 1;
 
-  // Iterate until all positions are classified (30 cycles needed)
-  do {
-      repeat = false;
-
-      for (i = 0; i < IndexMax; i++)
-          if (bb[i] == RESULT_UNKNOWN)
-          {
-              pos.from_index(i);
-
-              bb[i] = (pos.sideToMove == WHITE) ? classify_wtm(pos, bb)
-                                                : classify_btm(pos, bb);
-              if (bb[i] != RESULT_UNKNOWN)
-                  repeat = true;
-          }
-
-  } while (repeat);
-
-  // Compress result and map into supplied bitbase parameter
-  for (i = 0; i < 24576; i++)
-  {
-      b = 0;
-      for (j = 0; j < 8; j++)
-          if (bb[8*i+j] == RESULT_WIN || bb[8*i+j] == RESULT_LOSS)
-              b |= (1 << j);
-
-      bitbase[i] = (uint8_t)b;
-  }
+  // Map 32 results into one KPKBitbase[] entry
+  for (idx = 0; idx < IndexMax; idx++)
+      if (db[idx] == WIN)
+          KPKBitbase[idx / 32] |= 1 << (idx & 0x1F);
 }
 
 
 namespace {
 
-  int compute_index(Square wksq, Square bksq, Square psq, Color stm) {
+  Result KPKPosition::classify_leaf(unsigned idx) {
 
-      int p = int(square_file(psq)) + (int(square_rank(psq)) - 1) * 4;
-      int r = int(stm) + 2 * int(bksq) + 128 * int(wksq) + 8192 * p;
+    wksq = Square((idx >>  0) & 0x3F);
+    bksq = Square((idx >>  6) & 0x3F);
+    us   = Color ((idx >> 12) & 0x01);
+    psq  = File  ((idx >> 13) & 0x03) | Rank(RANK_7 - (idx >> 15));
 
-      assert(r >= 0 && r < IndexMax);
+    // Check if two pieces are on the same square or if a king can be captured
+    if (   wksq == psq || wksq == bksq || bksq == psq
+        || (StepAttacksBB[KING][wksq] & bksq)
+        || (us == WHITE && (StepAttacksBB[PAWN][psq] & bksq)))
+        return res = INVALID;
 
-      return r;
-  }
-
-  void KPKPosition::from_index(int index) {
-
-    int s = (index / 8192) % 24;
-
-    sideToMove = Color(index % 2);
-    blackKingSquare = Square((index / 2) % 64);
-    whiteKingSquare = Square((index / 128) % 64);
-    pawnSquare = make_square(File(s % 4), Rank(s / 4 + 1));
-  }
-
-  bool KPKPosition::is_legal() const {
-
-    if (   whiteKingSquare == pawnSquare
-        || whiteKingSquare == blackKingSquare
-        || pawnSquare == blackKingSquare)
-        return false;
-
-    if (sideToMove == WHITE)
+    if (us == WHITE)
     {
-        if (   bit_is_set(wk_attacks(), blackKingSquare)
-            || bit_is_set(pawn_attacks(), blackKingSquare))
-            return false;
+        // Immediate win if pawn can be promoted without getting captured
+        if (   rank_of(psq) == RANK_7
+            && wksq != psq + DELTA_N
+            && (   square_distance(bksq, psq + DELTA_N) > 1
+                ||(StepAttacksBB[KING][wksq] & (psq + DELTA_N))))
+            return res = WIN;
     }
-    else if (bit_is_set(bk_attacks(), whiteKingSquare))
-        return false;
+    // Immediate draw if is stalemate or king captures undefended pawn
+    else if (  !(StepAttacksBB[KING][bksq] & ~(StepAttacksBB[KING][wksq] | StepAttacksBB[PAWN][psq]))
+             || (StepAttacksBB[KING][bksq] & psq & ~StepAttacksBB[KING][wksq]))
+        return res = DRAW;
 
-    return true;
+    return res = UNKNOWN;
   }
 
-  bool KPKPosition::is_immediate_draw() const {
+  template<Color Us>
+  Result KPKPosition::classify(const std::vector<KPKPosition>& db) {
 
-    if (sideToMove == BLACK)
+    // White to Move: If one move leads to a position classified as WIN, the result
+    // of the current position is WIN. If all moves lead to positions classified
+    // as DRAW, the current position is classified DRAW otherwise the current
+    // position is classified as UNKNOWN.
+    //
+    // Black to Move: If one move leads to a position classified as DRAW, the result
+    // of the current position is DRAW. If all moves lead to positions classified
+    // as WIN, the position is classified WIN otherwise the current position is
+    // classified UNKNOWN.
+
+    const Color Them = (Us == WHITE ? BLACK : WHITE);
+
+    Result r = INVALID;
+    Bitboard b = StepAttacksBB[KING][Us == WHITE ? wksq : bksq];
+
+    while (b)
+        r |= Us == WHITE ? db[index(Them, bksq, pop_lsb(&b), psq)]
+                         : db[index(Them, pop_lsb(&b), wksq, psq)];
+
+    if (Us == WHITE && rank_of(psq) < RANK_7)
     {
-        Bitboard wka = wk_attacks();
-        Bitboard bka = bk_attacks();
+        Square s = psq + DELTA_N;
+        r |= db[index(BLACK, bksq, wksq, s)]; // Single push
 
-        // Case 1: Stalemate
-        if ((bka & ~(wka | pawn_attacks())) == EmptyBoardBB)
-            return true;
-
-        // Case 2: King can capture pawn
-        if (bit_is_set(bka, pawnSquare) && !bit_is_set(wka, pawnSquare))
-            return true;
+        if (rank_of(s) == RANK_3 && s != wksq && s != bksq)
+            r |= db[index(BLACK, bksq, wksq, s + DELTA_N)]; // Double push
     }
+
+    if (Us == WHITE)
+        return res = r & WIN  ? WIN  : r & UNKNOWN ? UNKNOWN : DRAW;
     else
-    {
-        // Case 1: Stalemate
-        if (   whiteKingSquare == SQ_A8
-            && pawnSquare == SQ_A7
-            && (blackKingSquare == SQ_C7 || blackKingSquare == SQ_C8))
-            return true;
-    }
-    return false;
+        return res = r & DRAW ? DRAW : r & UNKNOWN ? UNKNOWN : WIN;
   }
 
-  bool KPKPosition::is_immediate_win() const {
-
-    // The position is an immediate win if it is white to move and the
-    // white pawn can be promoted without getting captured.
-    return   sideToMove == WHITE
-          && square_rank(pawnSquare) == RANK_7
-          && (   square_distance(blackKingSquare, pawnSquare + DELTA_N) > 1
-              || bit_is_set(wk_attacks(), pawnSquare + DELTA_N));
-  }
-
-  Result classify_wtm(const KPKPosition& pos, const Result bb[]) {
-
-    // If one move leads to a position classified as RESULT_LOSS, the result
-    // of the current position is RESULT_WIN. If all moves lead to positions
-    // classified as RESULT_DRAW, the current position is classified RESULT_DRAW
-    // otherwise the current position is classified as RESULT_UNKNOWN.
-
-    bool unknownFound = false;
-    Bitboard b;
-    Square s;
-    int idx;
-
-    // King moves
-    b = pos.wk_attacks();
-    while (b)
-    {
-        s = pop_1st_bit(&b);
-        idx = compute_index(s, pos.blackKingSquare, pos.pawnSquare, BLACK);
-
-        switch (bb[idx]) {
-
-        case RESULT_LOSS:
-            return RESULT_WIN;
-
-        case RESULT_UNKNOWN:
-            unknownFound = true;
-
-        case RESULT_DRAW:
-        case RESULT_INVALID:
-             break;
-
-         default:
-             assert(false);
-        }
-    }
-
-    // Pawn moves
-    if (square_rank(pos.pawnSquare) < RANK_7)
-    {
-        s = pos.pawnSquare + DELTA_N;
-        idx = compute_index(pos.whiteKingSquare, pos.blackKingSquare, s, BLACK);
-
-        switch (bb[idx]) {
-
-        case RESULT_LOSS:
-            return RESULT_WIN;
-
-        case RESULT_UNKNOWN:
-            unknownFound = true;
-
-        case RESULT_DRAW:
-        case RESULT_INVALID:
-            break;
-
-        default:
-            assert(false);
-        }
-
-        // Double pawn push
-        if (   square_rank(s) == RANK_3
-            && s != pos.whiteKingSquare
-            && s != pos.blackKingSquare)
-        {
-            s += DELTA_N;
-            idx = compute_index(pos.whiteKingSquare, pos.blackKingSquare, s, BLACK);
-
-            switch (bb[idx]) {
-
-            case RESULT_LOSS:
-                return RESULT_WIN;
-
-            case RESULT_UNKNOWN:
-                unknownFound = true;
-
-            case RESULT_DRAW:
-            case RESULT_INVALID:
-                break;
-
-            default:
-                assert(false);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    return unknownFound ? RESULT_UNKNOWN : RESULT_DRAW;
-  }
-
-
-  Result classify_btm(const KPKPosition& pos, const Result bb[]) {
-
-    // If one move leads to a position classified as RESULT_DRAW, the result
-    // of the current position is RESULT_DRAW. If all moves lead to positions
-    // classified as RESULT_WIN, the current position is classified as
-    // RESULT_LOSS. Otherwise, the current position is classified as
-    // RESULT_UNKNOWN.
-
-    bool unknownFound = false;
-    Bitboard b;
-    Square s;
-    int idx;
-
-    // King moves
-    b = pos.bk_attacks();
-    while (b)
-    {
-        s = pop_1st_bit(&b);
-        idx = compute_index(pos.whiteKingSquare, s, pos.pawnSquare, WHITE);
-
-        switch (bb[idx]) {
-
-        case RESULT_DRAW:
-            return RESULT_DRAW;
-
-        case RESULT_UNKNOWN:
-            unknownFound = true;
-
-        case RESULT_WIN:
-        case RESULT_INVALID:
-            break;
-
-        default:
-            assert(false);
-        }
-    }
-    return unknownFound ? RESULT_UNKNOWN : RESULT_LOSS;
-  }
-
-}
+} // namespace

src/bitboard.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,531 +17,323 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cstring>
 #include <iostream>
 
 #include "bitboard.h"
 #include "bitcount.h"
+#include "misc.h"
+#include "rkiss.h"
 
+CACHE_LINE_ALIGNMENT
 
-#if defined(IS_64BIT)
+Bitboard RMasks[SQUARE_NB];
+Bitboard RMagics[SQUARE_NB];
+Bitboard* RAttacks[SQUARE_NB];
+unsigned RShifts[SQUARE_NB];
 
-const uint64_t BMult[64] = {
-  0x440049104032280ULL, 0x1021023c82008040ULL, 0x404040082000048ULL,
-  0x48c4440084048090ULL, 0x2801104026490000ULL, 0x4100880442040800ULL,
-  0x181011002e06040ULL, 0x9101004104200e00ULL, 0x1240848848310401ULL,
-  0x2000142828050024ULL, 0x1004024d5000ULL, 0x102044400800200ULL,
-  0x8108108820112000ULL, 0xa880818210c00046ULL, 0x4008008801082000ULL,
-  0x60882404049400ULL, 0x104402004240810ULL, 0xa002084250200ULL,
-  0x100b0880801100ULL, 0x4080201220101ULL, 0x44008080a00000ULL,
-  0x202200842000ULL, 0x5006004882d00808ULL, 0x200045080802ULL,
-  0x86100020200601ULL, 0xa802080a20112c02ULL, 0x80411218080900ULL,
-  0x200a0880080a0ULL, 0x9a01010000104000ULL, 0x28008003100080ULL,
-  0x211021004480417ULL, 0x401004188220806ULL, 0x825051400c2006ULL,
-  0x140c0210943000ULL, 0x242800300080ULL, 0xc2208120080200ULL,
-  0x2430008200002200ULL, 0x1010100112008040ULL, 0x8141050100020842ULL,
-  0x822081014405ULL, 0x800c049e40400804ULL, 0x4a0404028a000820ULL,
-  0x22060201041200ULL, 0x360904200840801ULL, 0x881a08208800400ULL,
-  0x60202c00400420ULL, 0x1204440086061400ULL, 0x8184042804040ULL,
-  0x64040315300400ULL, 0xc01008801090a00ULL, 0x808010401140c00ULL,
-  0x4004830c2020040ULL, 0x80005002020054ULL, 0x40000c14481a0490ULL,
-  0x10500101042048ULL, 0x1010100200424000ULL, 0x640901901040ULL,
-  0xa0201014840ULL, 0x840082aa011002ULL, 0x10010840084240aULL,
-  0x420400810420608ULL, 0x8d40230408102100ULL, 0x4a00200612222409ULL,
-  0xa08520292120600ULL
-};
+Bitboard BMasks[SQUARE_NB];
+Bitboard BMagics[SQUARE_NB];
+Bitboard* BAttacks[SQUARE_NB];
+unsigned BShifts[SQUARE_NB];
 
-const uint64_t RMult[64] = {
-  0xa8002c000108020ULL, 0x4440200140003000ULL, 0x8080200010011880ULL,
-  0x380180080141000ULL, 0x1a00060008211044ULL, 0x410001000a0c0008ULL,
-  0x9500060004008100ULL, 0x100024284a20700ULL, 0x802140008000ULL,
-  0x80c01002a00840ULL, 0x402004282011020ULL, 0x9862000820420050ULL,
-  0x1001448011100ULL, 0x6432800200800400ULL, 0x40100010002000cULL,
-  0x2800d0010c080ULL, 0x90c0008000803042ULL, 0x4010004000200041ULL,
-  0x3010010200040ULL, 0xa40828028001000ULL, 0x123010008000430ULL,
-  0x24008004020080ULL, 0x60040001104802ULL, 0x582200028400d1ULL,
-  0x4000802080044000ULL, 0x408208200420308ULL, 0x610038080102000ULL,
-  0x3601000900100020ULL, 0x80080040180ULL, 0xc2020080040080ULL,
-  0x80084400100102ULL, 0x4022408200014401ULL, 0x40052040800082ULL,
-  0xb08200280804000ULL, 0x8a80a008801000ULL, 0x4000480080801000ULL,
-  0x911808800801401ULL, 0x822a003002001894ULL, 0x401068091400108aULL,
-  0x4a10a00004cULL, 0x2000800640008024ULL, 0x1486408102020020ULL,
-  0x100a000d50041ULL, 0x810050020b0020ULL, 0x204000800808004ULL,
-  0x20048100a000cULL, 0x112000831020004ULL, 0x9000040810002ULL,
-  0x440490200208200ULL, 0x8910401000200040ULL, 0x6404200050008480ULL,
-  0x4b824a2010010100ULL, 0x4080801810c0080ULL, 0x400802a0080ULL,
-  0x8224080110026400ULL, 0x40002c4104088200ULL, 0x1002100104a0282ULL,
-  0x1208400811048021ULL, 0x3201014a40d02001ULL, 0x5100019200501ULL,
-  0x101000208001005ULL, 0x2008450080702ULL, 0x1002080301d00cULL,
-  0x410201ce5c030092ULL
-};
+Bitboard SquareBB[SQUARE_NB];
+Bitboard FileBB[FILE_NB];
+Bitboard RankBB[RANK_NB];
+Bitboard AdjacentFilesBB[FILE_NB];
+Bitboard InFrontBB[COLOR_NB][RANK_NB];
+Bitboard StepAttacksBB[PIECE_NB][SQUARE_NB];
+Bitboard BetweenBB[SQUARE_NB][SQUARE_NB];
+Bitboard DistanceRingsBB[SQUARE_NB][8];
+Bitboard ForwardBB[COLOR_NB][SQUARE_NB];
+Bitboard PassedPawnMask[COLOR_NB][SQUARE_NB];
+Bitboard PawnAttackSpan[COLOR_NB][SQUARE_NB];
+Bitboard PseudoAttacks[PIECE_TYPE_NB][SQUARE_NB];
 
-const int BShift[64] = {
-  58, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 58, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59,
-  59, 59, 57, 57, 57, 57, 59, 59, 59, 59, 57, 55, 55, 57, 59, 59,
-  59, 59, 57, 55, 55, 57, 59, 59, 59, 59, 57, 57, 57, 57, 59, 59,
-  59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 58, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 58
-};
-
-const int RShift[64] = {
-  52, 53, 53, 53, 53, 53, 53, 52, 53, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 53,
-  53, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 53, 53, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 53,
-  53, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 53, 53, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 53,
-  53, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 53, 52, 53, 53, 53, 53, 53, 53, 52
-};
-
-#else // if !defined(IS_64BIT)
-
-const uint64_t BMult[64] = {
-  0x54142844c6a22981ULL, 0x710358a6ea25c19eULL, 0x704f746d63a4a8dcULL,
-  0xbfed1a0b80f838c5ULL, 0x90561d5631e62110ULL, 0x2804260376e60944ULL,
-  0x84a656409aa76871ULL, 0xf0267f64c28b6197ULL, 0x70764ebb762f0585ULL,
-  0x92aa09e0cfe161deULL, 0x41ee1f6bb266f60eULL, 0xddcbf04f6039c444ULL,
-  0x5a3fab7bac0d988aULL, 0xd3727877fa4eaa03ULL, 0xd988402d868ddaaeULL,
-  0x812b291afa075c7cULL, 0x94faf987b685a932ULL, 0x3ed867d8470d08dbULL,
-  0x92517660b8901de8ULL, 0x2d97e43e058814b4ULL, 0x880a10c220b25582ULL,
-  0xc7c6520d1f1a0477ULL, 0xdbfc7fbcd7656aa6ULL, 0x78b1b9bfb1a2b84fULL,
-  0x2f20037f112a0bc1ULL, 0x657171ea2269a916ULL, 0xc08302b07142210eULL,
-  0x880a4403064080bULL, 0x3602420842208c00ULL, 0x852800dc7e0b6602ULL,
-  0x595a3fbbaa0f03b2ULL, 0x9f01411558159d5eULL, 0x2b4a4a5f88b394f2ULL,
-  0x4afcbffc292dd03aULL, 0x4a4094a3b3f10522ULL, 0xb06f00b491f30048ULL,
-  0xd5b3820280d77004ULL, 0x8b2e01e7c8e57a75ULL, 0x2d342794e886c2e6ULL,
-  0xc302c410cde21461ULL, 0x111f426f1379c274ULL, 0xe0569220abb31588ULL,
-  0x5026d3064d453324ULL, 0xe2076040c343cd8aULL, 0x93efd1e1738021eeULL,
-  0xb680804bed143132ULL, 0x44e361b21986944cULL, 0x44c60170ef5c598cULL,
-  0xf4da475c195c9c94ULL, 0xa3afbb5f72060b1dULL, 0xbc75f410e41c4ffcULL,
-  0xb51c099390520922ULL, 0x902c011f8f8ec368ULL, 0x950b56b3d6f5490aULL,
-  0x3909e0635bf202d0ULL, 0x5744f90206ec10ccULL, 0xdc59fd76317abbc1ULL,
-  0x881c7c67fcbfc4f6ULL, 0x47ca41e7e440d423ULL, 0xeb0c88112048d004ULL,
-  0x51c60e04359aef1aULL, 0x1aa1fe0e957a5554ULL, 0xdd9448db4f5e3104ULL,
-  0xdc01f6dca4bebbdcULL,
-};
-
-const uint64_t RMult[64] = {
-  0xd7445cdec88002c0ULL, 0xd0a505c1f2001722ULL, 0xe065d1c896002182ULL,
-  0x9a8c41e75a000892ULL, 0x8900b10c89002aa8ULL, 0x9b28d1c1d60005a2ULL,
-  0x15d6c88de002d9aULL, 0xb1dbfc802e8016a9ULL, 0x149a1042d9d60029ULL,
-  0xb9c08050599e002fULL, 0x132208c3af300403ULL, 0xc1000ce2e9c50070ULL,
-  0x9d9aa13c99020012ULL, 0xb6b078daf71e0046ULL, 0x9d880182fb6e002eULL,
-  0x52889f467e850037ULL, 0xda6dc008d19a8480ULL, 0x468286034f902420ULL,
-  0x7140ac09dc54c020ULL, 0xd76ffffa39548808ULL, 0xea901c4141500808ULL,
-  0xc91004093f953a02ULL, 0x2882afa8f6bb402ULL, 0xaebe335692442c01ULL,
-  0xe904a22079fb91eULL, 0x13a514851055f606ULL, 0x76c782018c8fe632ULL,
-  0x1dc012a9d116da06ULL, 0x3c9e0037264fffa6ULL, 0x2036002853c6e4a2ULL,
-  0xe3fe08500afb47d4ULL, 0xf38af25c86b025c2ULL, 0xc0800e2182cf9a40ULL,
-  0x72002480d1f60673ULL, 0x2500200bae6e9b53ULL, 0xc60018c1eefca252ULL,
-  0x600590473e3608aULL, 0x46002c4ab3fe51b2ULL, 0xa200011486bcc8d2ULL,
-  0xb680078095784c63ULL, 0x2742002639bf11aeULL, 0xc7d60021a5bdb142ULL,
-  0xc8c04016bb83d820ULL, 0xbd520028123b4842ULL, 0x9d1600344ac2a832ULL,
-  0x6a808005631c8a05ULL, 0x604600a148d5389aULL, 0xe2e40103d40dea65ULL,
-  0x945b5a0087c62a81ULL, 0x12dc200cd82d28eULL, 0x2431c600b5f9ef76ULL,
-  0xfb142a006a9b314aULL, 0x6870e00a1c97d62ULL, 0x2a9db2004a2689a2ULL,
-  0xd3594600caf5d1a2ULL, 0xee0e4900439344a7ULL, 0x89c4d266ca25007aULL,
-  0x3e0013a2743f97e3ULL, 0x180e31a0431378aULL, 0x3a9e465a4d42a512ULL,
-  0x98d0a11a0c0d9cc2ULL, 0x8e711c1aba19b01eULL, 0x8dcdc836dd201142ULL,
-  0x5ac08a4735370479ULL,
-};
-
-const int BShift[64] = {
-  26, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 26, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27,
-  27, 27, 25, 25, 25, 25, 27, 27, 27, 27, 25, 23, 23, 25, 27, 27,
-  27, 27, 25, 23, 23, 25, 27, 27, 27, 27, 25, 25, 25, 25, 27, 27,
-  27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 26, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 26
-};
-
-const int RShift[64] = {
-  20, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 20, 21, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 21,
-  21, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 21, 21, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 21,
-  21, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 21, 21, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 21,
-  21, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 21, 20, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 20
-};
-
-#endif // defined(IS_64BIT)
-
-const Bitboard LightSquaresBB = 0x55AA55AA55AA55AAULL;
-const Bitboard DarkSquaresBB  = 0xAA55AA55AA55AA55ULL;
-
-const Bitboard SquaresByColorBB[2] = { DarkSquaresBB, LightSquaresBB };
-
-const Bitboard FileBB[8] = {
-  FileABB, FileBBB, FileCBB, FileDBB, FileEBB, FileFBB, FileGBB, FileHBB
-};
-
-const Bitboard NeighboringFilesBB[8] = {
-  FileBBB, FileABB|FileCBB, FileBBB|FileDBB, FileCBB|FileEBB,
-  FileDBB|FileFBB, FileEBB|FileGBB, FileFBB|FileHBB, FileGBB
-};
-
-const Bitboard ThisAndNeighboringFilesBB[8] = {
-  FileABB|FileBBB, FileABB|FileBBB|FileCBB,
-  FileBBB|FileCBB|FileDBB, FileCBB|FileDBB|FileEBB,
-  FileDBB|FileEBB|FileFBB, FileEBB|FileFBB|FileGBB,
-  FileFBB|FileGBB|FileHBB, FileGBB|FileHBB
-};
-
-const Bitboard RankBB[8] = {
-  Rank1BB, Rank2BB, Rank3BB, Rank4BB, Rank5BB, Rank6BB, Rank7BB, Rank8BB
-};
-
-const Bitboard RelativeRankBB[2][8] = {
-  { Rank1BB, Rank2BB, Rank3BB, Rank4BB, Rank5BB, Rank6BB, Rank7BB, Rank8BB },
-  { Rank8BB, Rank7BB, Rank6BB, Rank5BB, Rank4BB, Rank3BB, Rank2BB, Rank1BB }
-};
-
-const Bitboard InFrontBB[2][8] = {
-  { Rank2BB | Rank3BB | Rank4BB | Rank5BB | Rank6BB | Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
-    Rank3BB | Rank4BB | Rank5BB | Rank6BB | Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
-    Rank4BB | Rank5BB | Rank6BB | Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
-    Rank5BB | Rank6BB | Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
-    Rank6BB | Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
-    Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
-    Rank8BB,
-    EmptyBoardBB
-  },
-  { EmptyBoardBB,
-    Rank1BB,
-    Rank2BB | Rank1BB,
-    Rank3BB | Rank2BB | Rank1BB,
-    Rank4BB | Rank3BB | Rank2BB | Rank1BB,
-    Rank5BB | Rank4BB | Rank3BB | Rank2BB | Rank1BB,
-    Rank6BB | Rank5BB | Rank4BB | Rank3BB | Rank2BB | Rank1BB,
-    Rank7BB | Rank6BB | Rank5BB | Rank4BB | Rank3BB | Rank2BB | Rank1BB
-  }
-};
-
-Bitboard RMask[64];
-int RAttackIndex[64];
-Bitboard RAttacks[0x19000];
-
-Bitboard BMask[64];
-int BAttackIndex[64];
-Bitboard BAttacks[0x1480];
-
-Bitboard SetMaskBB[65];
-Bitboard ClearMaskBB[65];
-
-Bitboard StepAttackBB[16][64];
-Bitboard BetweenBB[64][64];
-
-Bitboard SquaresInFrontMask[2][64];
-Bitboard PassedPawnMask[2][64];
-Bitboard AttackSpanMask[2][64];
-
-Bitboard BishopPseudoAttacks[64];
-Bitboard RookPseudoAttacks[64];
-Bitboard QueenPseudoAttacks[64];
-
-uint8_t BitCount8Bit[256];
-
-
-////
-//// Local definitions
-////
+int SquareDistance[SQUARE_NB][SQUARE_NB];
 
 namespace {
 
-  void init_masks();
-  void init_attacks();
-  void init_between_bitboards();
-  void init_pseudo_attacks();
-  SquareDelta squares_delta(Square orig, Square dest);
-  Bitboard index_to_bitboard(int index, Bitboard mask);
-  Bitboard sliding_attacks(int sq, Bitboard block, int dirs, int deltas[][2],
-                           int fmin, int fmax, int rmin, int rmax);
-  void init_sliding_attacks(Bitboard attacks[], int attackIndex[], Bitboard mask[],
-                            const int shift[], const Bitboard mult[], int deltas[][2]);
-}
+  // De Bruijn sequences. See chessprogramming.wikispaces.com/BitScan
+  const uint64_t DeBruijn_64 = 0x3F79D71B4CB0A89ULL;
+  const uint32_t DeBruijn_32 = 0x783A9B23;
 
+  CACHE_LINE_ALIGNMENT
 
-////
-//// Functions
-////
+  int MS1BTable[256];
+  Square BSFTable[SQUARE_NB];
+  Bitboard RTable[0x19000]; // Storage space for rook attacks
+  Bitboard BTable[0x1480];  // Storage space for bishop attacks
 
-/// print_bitboard() prints a bitboard in an easily readable format to the
-/// standard output.  This is sometimes useful for debugging.
+  typedef unsigned (Fn)(Square, Bitboard);
 
-void print_bitboard(Bitboard b) {
+  void init_magics(Bitboard table[], Bitboard* attacks[], Bitboard magics[],
+                   Bitboard masks[], unsigned shifts[], Square deltas[], Fn index);
 
-  for (Rank r = RANK_8; r >= RANK_1; r--)
-  {
-      std::cout << "+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+" << std::endl;
-      for (File f = FILE_A; f <= FILE_H; f++)
-          std::cout << "| " << (bit_is_set(b, make_square(f, r))? 'X' : ' ') << ' ';
+  FORCE_INLINE unsigned bsf_index(Bitboard b) {
 
-      std::cout << "|" << std::endl;
+    // Matt Taylor's folding for 32 bit systems, extended to 64 bits by Kim Walisch
+    b ^= (b - 1);
+    return Is64Bit ? (b * DeBruijn_64) >> 58
+                   : ((unsigned(b) ^ unsigned(b >> 32)) * DeBruijn_32) >> 26;
   }
-  std::cout << "+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+" << std::endl;
+}
+
+/// lsb()/msb() finds the least/most significant bit in a nonzero bitboard.
+/// pop_lsb() finds and clears the least significant bit in a nonzero bitboard.
+
+#ifndef USE_BSFQ
+
+Square lsb(Bitboard b) { return BSFTable[bsf_index(b)]; }
+
+Square pop_lsb(Bitboard* b) {
+
+  Bitboard bb = *b;
+  *b = bb & (bb - 1);
+  return BSFTable[bsf_index(bb)];
+}
+
+Square msb(Bitboard b) {
+
+  unsigned b32;
+  int result = 0;
+
+  if (b > 0xFFFFFFFF)
+  {
+      b >>= 32;
+      result = 32;
+  }
+
+  b32 = unsigned(b);
+
+  if (b32 > 0xFFFF)
+  {
+      b32 >>= 16;
+      result += 16;
+  }
+
+  if (b32 > 0xFF)
+  {
+      b32 >>= 8;
+      result += 8;
+  }
+
+  return (Square)(result + MS1BTable[b32]);
+}
+
+#endif // ifndef USE_BSFQ
+
+
+/// Bitboards::print() prints a bitboard in an easily readable format to the
+/// standard output. This is sometimes useful for debugging.
+
+void Bitboards::print(Bitboard b) {
+
+  sync_cout;
+
+  for (Rank rank = RANK_8; rank >= RANK_1; rank--)
+  {
+      std::cout << "+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+" << '\n';
+
+      for (File file = FILE_A; file <= FILE_H; file++)
+          std::cout << "| " << (b & (file | rank) ? "X " : "  ");
+
+      std::cout << "|\n";
+  }
+  std::cout << "+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+" << sync_endl;
 }
 
 
-/// init_bitboards() initializes various bitboard arrays.  It is called during
+/// Bitboards::init() initializes various bitboard arrays. It is called during
 /// program initialization.
 
-void init_bitboards() {
+void Bitboards::init() {
 
-  int rookDeltas[4][2] = {{0,1},{0,-1},{1,0},{-1,0}};
-  int bishopDeltas[4][2] = {{1,1},{-1,1},{1,-1},{-1,-1}};
+  for (int k = 0, i = 0; i < 8; i++)
+      while (k < (2 << i))
+          MS1BTable[k++] = i;
 
-  init_masks();
-  init_attacks();
-  init_between_bitboards();
-  init_sliding_attacks(RAttacks, RAttackIndex, RMask, RShift, RMult, rookDeltas);
-  init_sliding_attacks(BAttacks, BAttackIndex, BMask, BShift, BMult, bishopDeltas);
-  init_pseudo_attacks();
+  for (int i = 0; i < 64; i++)
+      BSFTable[bsf_index(1ULL << i)] = Square(i);
+
+  for (Square s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; s++)
+      SquareBB[s] = 1ULL << s;
+
+  FileBB[FILE_A] = FileABB;
+  RankBB[RANK_1] = Rank1BB;
+
+  for (int i = 1; i < 8; i++)
+  {
+      FileBB[i] = FileBB[i - 1] << 1;
+      RankBB[i] = RankBB[i - 1] << 8;
+  }
+
+  for (File f = FILE_A; f <= FILE_H; f++)
+      AdjacentFilesBB[f] = (f > FILE_A ? FileBB[f - 1] : 0) | (f < FILE_H ? FileBB[f + 1] : 0);
+
+  for (Rank r = RANK_1; r < RANK_8; r++)
+      InFrontBB[WHITE][r] = ~(InFrontBB[BLACK][r + 1] = InFrontBB[BLACK][r] | RankBB[r]);
+
+  for (Color c = WHITE; c <= BLACK; c++)
+      for (Square s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; s++)
+      {
+          ForwardBB[c][s]      = InFrontBB[c][rank_of(s)] & FileBB[file_of(s)];
+          PawnAttackSpan[c][s] = InFrontBB[c][rank_of(s)] & AdjacentFilesBB[file_of(s)];
+          PassedPawnMask[c][s] = ForwardBB[c][s] | PawnAttackSpan[c][s];
+      }
+
+  for (Square s1 = SQ_A1; s1 <= SQ_H8; s1++)
+      for (Square s2 = SQ_A1; s2 <= SQ_H8; s2++)
+      {
+          SquareDistance[s1][s2] = std::max(file_distance(s1, s2), rank_distance(s1, s2));
+          if (s1 != s2)
+             DistanceRingsBB[s1][SquareDistance[s1][s2] - 1] |= s2;
+      }
+
+  int steps[][9] = { {}, { 7, 9 }, { 17, 15, 10, 6, -6, -10, -15, -17 },
+                     {}, {}, {}, { 9, 7, -7, -9, 8, 1, -1, -8 } };
+
+  for (Color c = WHITE; c <= BLACK; c++)
+      for (PieceType pt = PAWN; pt <= KING; pt++)
+          for (Square s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; s++)
+              for (int k = 0; steps[pt][k]; k++)
+              {
+                  Square to = s + Square(c == WHITE ? steps[pt][k] : -steps[pt][k]);
+
+                  if (is_ok(to) && square_distance(s, to) < 3)
+                      StepAttacksBB[make_piece(c, pt)][s] |= to;
+              }
+
+  Square RDeltas[] = { DELTA_N,  DELTA_E,  DELTA_S,  DELTA_W  };
+  Square BDeltas[] = { DELTA_NE, DELTA_SE, DELTA_SW, DELTA_NW };
+
+  init_magics(RTable, RAttacks, RMagics, RMasks, RShifts, RDeltas, magic_index<ROOK>);
+  init_magics(BTable, BAttacks, BMagics, BMasks, BShifts, BDeltas, magic_index<BISHOP>);
+
+  for (Square s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; s++)
+  {
+      PseudoAttacks[QUEEN][s]  = PseudoAttacks[BISHOP][s] = attacks_bb<BISHOP>(s, 0);
+      PseudoAttacks[QUEEN][s] |= PseudoAttacks[  ROOK][s] = attacks_bb<  ROOK>(s, 0);
+  }
+
+  for (Square s1 = SQ_A1; s1 <= SQ_H8; s1++)
+      for (Square s2 = SQ_A1; s2 <= SQ_H8; s2++)
+          if (PseudoAttacks[QUEEN][s1] & s2)
+          {
+              Square delta = (s2 - s1) / square_distance(s1, s2);
+
+              for (Square s = s1 + delta; s != s2; s += delta)
+                  BetweenBB[s1][s2] |= s;
+          }
 }
 
 
-/// first_1() finds the least significant nonzero bit in a nonzero bitboard.
-/// pop_1st_bit() finds and clears the least significant nonzero bit in a
-/// nonzero bitboard.
-
-#if defined(IS_64BIT) && !defined(USE_BSFQ)
-
-static CACHE_LINE_ALIGNMENT
-const int BitTable[64] = {
-  0, 1, 2, 7, 3, 13, 8, 19, 4, 25, 14, 28, 9, 34, 20, 40, 5, 17, 26, 38, 15,
-  46, 29, 48, 10, 31, 35, 54, 21, 50, 41, 57, 63, 6, 12, 18, 24, 27, 33, 39,
-  16, 37, 45, 47, 30, 53, 49, 56, 62, 11, 23, 32, 36, 44, 52, 55, 61, 22, 43,
-  51, 60, 42, 59, 58
-};
-
-Square first_1(Bitboard b) {
-  return Square(BitTable[((b & -b) * 0x218a392cd3d5dbfULL) >> 58]);
-}
-
-Square pop_1st_bit(Bitboard* b) {
-  Bitboard bb = *b;
-  *b &= (*b - 1);
-  return Square(BitTable[((bb & -bb) * 0x218a392cd3d5dbfULL) >> 58]);
-}
-
-#elif !defined(USE_BSFQ)
-
-static CACHE_LINE_ALIGNMENT
-const int BitTable[64] = {
-  63, 30, 3, 32, 25, 41, 22, 33, 15, 50, 42, 13, 11, 53, 19, 34, 61, 29, 2,
-  51, 21, 43, 45, 10, 18, 47, 1, 54, 9, 57, 0, 35, 62, 31, 40, 4, 49, 5, 52,
-  26, 60, 6, 23, 44, 46, 27, 56, 16, 7, 39, 48, 24, 59, 14, 12, 55, 38, 28,
-  58, 20, 37, 17, 36, 8
-};
-
-Square first_1(Bitboard b) {
-
-  b ^= (b - 1);
-  uint32_t fold = int(b) ^ int(b >> 32);
-  return Square(BitTable[(fold * 0x783a9b23) >> 26]);
-}
-
-// Use type-punning
-union b_union {
-
-    Bitboard b;
-    struct {
-#if defined (BIGENDIAN)
-        uint32_t h;
-        uint32_t l;
-#else
-        uint32_t l;
-        uint32_t h;
-#endif
-    } dw;
-};
-
-Square pop_1st_bit(Bitboard* bb) {
-
-   b_union u;
-   Square ret;
-
-   u.b = *bb;
-
-   if (u.dw.l)
-   {
-       ret = Square(BitTable[((u.dw.l ^ (u.dw.l - 1)) * 0x783a9b23) >> 26]);
-       u.dw.l &= (u.dw.l - 1);
-       *bb = u.b;
-       return ret;
-   }
-   ret = Square(BitTable[((~(u.dw.h ^ (u.dw.h - 1))) * 0x783a9b23) >> 26]);
-   u.dw.h &= (u.dw.h - 1);
-   *bb = u.b;
-   return ret;
-}
-
-#endif
-
-
 namespace {
 
-  // All functions below are used to precompute various bitboards during
-  // program initialization.  Some of the functions may be difficult to
-  // understand, but they all seem to work correctly, and it should never
-  // be necessary to touch any of them.
+  Bitboard sliding_attack(Square deltas[], Square sq, Bitboard occupied) {
 
-  void init_masks() {
+    Bitboard attack = 0;
 
-    SetMaskBB[SQ_NONE] = 0ULL;
-    ClearMaskBB[SQ_NONE] = ~SetMaskBB[SQ_NONE];
-
-    for (Square s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; s++)
-    {
-        SetMaskBB[s] = (1ULL << s);
-        ClearMaskBB[s] = ~SetMaskBB[s];
-    }
-
-    for (Color c = WHITE; c <= BLACK; c++)
-        for (Square s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; s++)
+    for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
+        for (Square s = sq + deltas[i];
+             is_ok(s) && square_distance(s, s - deltas[i]) == 1;
+             s += deltas[i])
         {
-            SquaresInFrontMask[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & file_bb(s);
-            PassedPawnMask[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & this_and_neighboring_files_bb(s);
-            AttackSpanMask[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & neighboring_files_bb(s);
-        }
+            attack |= s;
 
-    for (Bitboard b = 0; b < 256; b++)
-        BitCount8Bit[b] = (uint8_t)count_1s<CNT32>(b);
-  }
-
-  void init_attacks() {
-
-    const int step[16][8] =  {
-      {0},
-      {7,9,0}, {17,15,10,6,-6,-10,-15,-17}, {9,7,-7,-9,0}, {8,1,-1,-8,0},
-      {9,7,-7,-9,8,1,-1,-8}, {9,7,-7,-9,8,1,-1,-8}, {0}, {0},
-      {-7,-9,0}, {17,15,10,6,-6,-10,-15,-17}, {9,7,-7,-9,0}, {8,1,-1,-8,0},
-      {9,7,-7,-9,8,1,-1,-8}, {9,7,-7,-9,8,1,-1,-8}
-    };
-
-    for (int i = 0; i < 64; i++)
-        for (int j = 0; j <= int(BK); j++)
-        {
-            StepAttackBB[j][i] = EmptyBoardBB;
-            for (int k = 0; k < 8 && step[j][k] != 0; k++)
-            {
-                int l = i + step[j][k];
-                if (l >= 0 && l < 64 && abs((i & 7) - (l & 7)) < 3)
-                    StepAttackBB[j][i] |= (1ULL << l);
-           }
-        }
-  }
-
-  Bitboard sliding_attacks(int sq, Bitboard block, int dirs, int deltas[][2],
-                           int fmin=0, int fmax=7, int rmin=0, int rmax=7) {
-    Bitboard result = 0ULL;
-    int rk = sq / 8;
-    int fl = sq % 8;
-
-    for (int i = 0; i < dirs; i++)
-    {
-        int dx = deltas[i][0];
-        int dy = deltas[i][1];
-        int f = fl + dx;
-        int r = rk + dy;
-
-        while (   (dx == 0 || (f >= fmin && f <= fmax))
-               && (dy == 0 || (r >= rmin && r <= rmax)))
-        {
-            result |= (1ULL << (f + r*8));
-            if (block & (1ULL << (f + r*8)))
+            if (occupied & s)
                 break;
-
-            f += dx;
-            r += dy;
         }
-    }
-    return result;
+
+    return attack;
   }
 
-  SquareDelta squares_delta(Square orig, Square dest) {
 
-    const SquareDelta deltas[] = { DELTA_N, DELTA_NE, DELTA_E, DELTA_SE,
-                                   DELTA_S, DELTA_SW, DELTA_W, DELTA_NW };
+  Bitboard pick_random(RKISS& rk, int booster) {
 
-    for (int idx = 0; idx < 8; idx++)
-    {
-        Square s = orig + deltas[idx];
+    // Values s1 and s2 are used to rotate the candidate magic of a
+    // quantity known to be the optimal to quickly find the magics.
+    int s1 = booster & 63, s2 = (booster >> 6) & 63;
 
-        while (square_is_ok(s) && square_distance(s, s - deltas[idx]) == 1)
-        {
-            if (s == dest)
-                return deltas[idx];
-
-            s += deltas[idx];
-        }
-    }
-    return DELTA_NONE;
+    Bitboard m = rk.rand<Bitboard>();
+    m = (m >> s1) | (m << (64 - s1));
+    m &= rk.rand<Bitboard>();
+    m = (m >> s2) | (m << (64 - s2));
+    return m & rk.rand<Bitboard>();
   }
 
-  void init_between_bitboards() {
 
-    Square s1, s2, s3;
-    SquareDelta d;
+  // init_magics() computes all rook and bishop attacks at startup. Magic
+  // bitboards are used to look up attacks of sliding pieces. As a reference see
+  // chessprogramming.wikispaces.com/Magic+Bitboards. In particular, here we
+  // use the so called "fancy" approach.
 
-    for (s1 = SQ_A1; s1 <= SQ_H8; s1++)
-        for (s2 = SQ_A1; s2 <= SQ_H8; s2++)
-        {
-            BetweenBB[s1][s2] = EmptyBoardBB;
-            d = squares_delta(s1, s2);
+  void init_magics(Bitboard table[], Bitboard* attacks[], Bitboard magics[],
+                   Bitboard masks[], unsigned shifts[], Square deltas[], Fn index) {
 
-            if (d != DELTA_NONE)
-                for (s3 = s1 + d; s3 != s2; s3 += d)
-                    set_bit(&(BetweenBB[s1][s2]), s3);
-      }
-  }
+    int MagicBoosters[][8] = { { 3191, 2184, 1310, 3618, 2091, 1308, 2452, 3996 },
+                               { 1059, 3608,  605, 3234, 3326,   38, 2029, 3043 } };
+    RKISS rk;
+    Bitboard occupancy[4096], reference[4096], edges, b;
+    int i, size, booster;
 
-  Bitboard index_to_bitboard(int index, Bitboard mask) {
-
-    Bitboard result = 0ULL;
-    int bits = count_1s<CNT32>(mask);
-
-    for (int i = 0; i < bits; i++)
-    {
-        int j = pop_1st_bit(&mask);
-        if (index & (1 << i))
-            result |= (1ULL << j);
-    }
-    return result;
-  }
-
-  void init_sliding_attacks(Bitboard attacks[], int attackIndex[], Bitboard mask[],
-                            const int shift[], const Bitboard mult[], int deltas[][2]) {
-
-    for (int i = 0, index = 0; i < 64; i++)
-    {
-        attackIndex[i] = index;
-        mask[i] = sliding_attacks(i, 0, 4, deltas, 1, 6, 1, 6);
-
-#if defined(IS_64BIT)
-        int j = (1 << (64 - shift[i]));
-#else
-        int j = (1 << (32 - shift[i]));
-#endif
-
-        for (int k = 0; k < j; k++)
-        {
-#if defined(IS_64BIT)
-            Bitboard b = index_to_bitboard(k, mask[i]);
-            attacks[index + ((b * mult[i]) >> shift[i])] = sliding_attacks(i, b, 4, deltas);
-#else
-            Bitboard b = index_to_bitboard(k, mask[i]);
-            unsigned v = int(b) * int(mult[i]) ^ int(b >> 32) * int(mult[i] >> 32);
-            attacks[index + (v >> shift[i])] = sliding_attacks(i, b, 4, deltas);
-#endif
-        }
-        index += j;
-    }
-  }
-
-  void init_pseudo_attacks() {
+    // attacks[s] is a pointer to the beginning of the attacks table for square 's'
+    attacks[SQ_A1] = table;
 
     for (Square s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; s++)
     {
-        BishopPseudoAttacks[s] = bishop_attacks_bb(s, EmptyBoardBB);
-        RookPseudoAttacks[s]   = rook_attacks_bb(s, EmptyBoardBB);
-        QueenPseudoAttacks[s]  = queen_attacks_bb(s, EmptyBoardBB);
+        // Board edges are not considered in the relevant occupancies
+        edges = ((Rank1BB | Rank8BB) & ~rank_bb(s)) | ((FileABB | FileHBB) & ~file_bb(s));
+
+        // Given a square 's', the mask is the bitboard of sliding attacks from
+        // 's' computed on an empty board. The index must be big enough to contain
+        // all the attacks for each possible subset of the mask and so is 2 power
+        // the number of 1s of the mask. Hence we deduce the size of the shift to
+        // apply to the 64 or 32 bits word to get the index.
+        masks[s]  = sliding_attack(deltas, s, 0) & ~edges;
+        shifts[s] = (Is64Bit ? 64 : 32) - popcount<Max15>(masks[s]);
+
+        // Use Carry-Rippler trick to enumerate all subsets of masks[s] and
+        // store the corresponding sliding attack bitboard in reference[].
+        b = size = 0;
+        do {
+            occupancy[size] = b;
+            reference[size++] = sliding_attack(deltas, s, b);
+            b = (b - masks[s]) & masks[s];
+        } while (b);
+
+        // Set the offset for the table of the next square. We have individual
+        // table sizes for each square with "Fancy Magic Bitboards".
+        if (s < SQ_H8)
+            attacks[s + 1] = attacks[s] + size;
+
+        booster = MagicBoosters[Is64Bit][rank_of(s)];
+
+        // Find a magic for square 's' picking up an (almost) random number
+        // until we find the one that passes the verification test.
+        do {
+            do magics[s] = pick_random(rk, booster);
+            while (popcount<Max15>((magics[s] * masks[s]) >> 56) < 6);
+
+            std::memset(attacks[s], 0, size * sizeof(Bitboard));
+
+            // A good magic must map every possible occupancy to an index that
+            // looks up the correct sliding attack in the attacks[s] database.
+            // Note that we build up the database for square 's' as a side
+            // effect of verifying the magic.
+            for (i = 0; i < size; i++)
+            {
+                Bitboard& attack = attacks[s][index(s, occupancy[i])];
+
+                if (attack && attack != reference[i])
+                    break;
+
+                assert(reference[i] != 0);
+
+                attack = reference[i];
+            }
+        } while (i != size);
     }
   }
-
 }

src/bitboard.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -18,24 +18,24 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-
-#if !defined(BITBOARD_H_INCLUDED)
+#ifndef BITBOARD_H_INCLUDED
 #define BITBOARD_H_INCLUDED
 
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
-#include "piece.h"
-#include "square.h"
 #include "types.h"
 
+namespace Bitboards {
 
-////
-//// Constants and variables
-////
+void init();
+void print(Bitboard b);
 
-const Bitboard EmptyBoardBB = 0;
+}
+
+namespace Bitbases {
+
+void init_kpk();
+bool probe_kpk(Square wksq, Square wpsq, Square bksq, Color us);
+
+}
 
 const Bitboard FileABB = 0x0101010101010101ULL;
 const Bitboard FileBBB = FileABB << 1;
@@ -55,75 +55,88 @@ const Bitboard Rank6BB = Rank1BB << (8 * 5);
 const Bitboard Rank7BB = Rank1BB << (8 * 6);
 const Bitboard Rank8BB = Rank1BB << (8 * 7);
 
-extern const Bitboard SquaresByColorBB[2];
-extern const Bitboard FileBB[8];
-extern const Bitboard NeighboringFilesBB[8];
-extern const Bitboard ThisAndNeighboringFilesBB[8];
-extern const Bitboard RankBB[8];
-extern const Bitboard RelativeRankBB[2][8];
-extern const Bitboard InFrontBB[2][8];
+CACHE_LINE_ALIGNMENT
 
-extern Bitboard SetMaskBB[65];
-extern Bitboard ClearMaskBB[65];
+extern Bitboard RMasks[SQUARE_NB];
+extern Bitboard RMagics[SQUARE_NB];
+extern Bitboard* RAttacks[SQUARE_NB];
+extern unsigned RShifts[SQUARE_NB];
 
-extern Bitboard StepAttackBB[16][64];
-extern Bitboard BetweenBB[64][64];
+extern Bitboard BMasks[SQUARE_NB];
+extern Bitboard BMagics[SQUARE_NB];
+extern Bitboard* BAttacks[SQUARE_NB];
+extern unsigned BShifts[SQUARE_NB];
 
-extern Bitboard SquaresInFrontMask[2][64];
-extern Bitboard PassedPawnMask[2][64];
-extern Bitboard AttackSpanMask[2][64];
+extern Bitboard SquareBB[SQUARE_NB];
+extern Bitboard FileBB[FILE_NB];
+extern Bitboard RankBB[RANK_NB];
+extern Bitboard AdjacentFilesBB[FILE_NB];
+extern Bitboard InFrontBB[COLOR_NB][RANK_NB];
+extern Bitboard StepAttacksBB[PIECE_NB][SQUARE_NB];
+extern Bitboard BetweenBB[SQUARE_NB][SQUARE_NB];
+extern Bitboard DistanceRingsBB[SQUARE_NB][8];
+extern Bitboard ForwardBB[COLOR_NB][SQUARE_NB];
+extern Bitboard PassedPawnMask[COLOR_NB][SQUARE_NB];
+extern Bitboard PawnAttackSpan[COLOR_NB][SQUARE_NB];
+extern Bitboard PseudoAttacks[PIECE_TYPE_NB][SQUARE_NB];
 
-extern const uint64_t RMult[64];
-extern const int RShift[64];
-extern Bitboard RMask[64];
-extern int RAttackIndex[64];
-extern Bitboard RAttacks[0x19000];
+extern int SquareDistance[SQUARE_NB][SQUARE_NB];
 
-extern const uint64_t BMult[64];
-extern const int BShift[64];
-extern Bitboard BMask[64];
-extern int BAttackIndex[64];
-extern Bitboard BAttacks[0x1480];
+const Bitboard DarkSquares = 0xAA55AA55AA55AA55ULL;
 
-extern Bitboard BishopPseudoAttacks[64];
-extern Bitboard RookPseudoAttacks[64];
-extern Bitboard QueenPseudoAttacks[64];
+/// Overloads of bitwise operators between a Bitboard and a Square for testing
+/// whether a given bit is set in a bitboard, and for setting and clearing bits.
 
-extern uint8_t BitCount8Bit[256];
-
-
-////
-//// Inline functions
-////
-
-/// Functions for testing whether a given bit is set in a bitboard, and for
-/// setting and clearing bits.
-
-inline Bitboard bit_is_set(Bitboard b, Square s) {
-  return b & SetMaskBB[s];
+inline Bitboard operator&(Bitboard b, Square s) {
+  return b & SquareBB[s];
 }
 
-inline void set_bit(Bitboard *b, Square s) {
-  *b |= SetMaskBB[s];
+inline Bitboard& operator|=(Bitboard& b, Square s) {
+  return b |= SquareBB[s];
 }
 
-inline void clear_bit(Bitboard *b, Square s) {
-  *b &= ClearMaskBB[s];
+inline Bitboard& operator^=(Bitboard& b, Square s) {
+  return b ^= SquareBB[s];
+}
+
+inline Bitboard operator|(Bitboard b, Square s) {
+  return b | SquareBB[s];
+}
+
+inline Bitboard operator^(Bitboard b, Square s) {
+  return b ^ SquareBB[s];
+}
+
+inline bool more_than_one(Bitboard b) {
+  return b & (b - 1);
+}
+
+inline int square_distance(Square s1, Square s2) {
+  return SquareDistance[s1][s2];
+}
+
+inline int file_distance(Square s1, Square s2) {
+  return abs(file_of(s1) - file_of(s2));
+}
+
+inline int rank_distance(Square s1, Square s2) {
+  return abs(rank_of(s1) - rank_of(s2));
 }
 
 
-/// Functions used to update a bitboard after a move. This is faster
-/// then calling a sequence of clear_bit() + set_bit()
+/// shift_bb() moves bitboard one step along direction Delta. Mainly for pawns.
 
-inline Bitboard make_move_bb(Square from, Square to) {
-  return SetMaskBB[from] | SetMaskBB[to];
+template<Square Delta>
+inline Bitboard shift_bb(Bitboard b) {
+
+  return  Delta == DELTA_N  ?  b             << 8 : Delta == DELTA_S  ?  b             >> 8
+        : Delta == DELTA_NE ? (b & ~FileHBB) << 9 : Delta == DELTA_SE ? (b & ~FileHBB) >> 7
+        : Delta == DELTA_NW ? (b & ~FileABB) << 7 : Delta == DELTA_SW ? (b & ~FileABB) >> 9
+        : 0;
 }
 
-inline void do_move_bb(Bitboard *b, Bitboard move_bb) {
-  *b ^= move_bb;
-}
 
-/// rank_bb() and file_bb() take a file or a square as input, and return
+/// rank_bb() and file_bb() take a file or a square as input and return
 /// a bitboard representing all squares on the given file or rank.
 
 inline Bitboard rank_bb(Rank r) {
@@ -131,7 +144,7 @@ inline Bitboard rank_bb(Rank r) {
 }
 
 inline Bitboard rank_bb(Square s) {
-  return rank_bb(square_rank(s));
+  return RankBB[rank_of(s)];
 }
 
 inline Bitboard file_bb(File f) {
@@ -139,205 +152,171 @@ inline Bitboard file_bb(File f) {
 }
 
 inline Bitboard file_bb(Square s) {
-  return file_bb(square_file(s));
+  return FileBB[file_of(s)];
 }
 
 
-/// neighboring_files_bb takes a file or a square as input, and returns a
-/// bitboard representing all squares on the neighboring files.
+/// adjacent_files_bb() takes a file as input and returns a bitboard representing
+/// all squares on the adjacent files.
 
-inline Bitboard neighboring_files_bb(File f) {
-  return NeighboringFilesBB[f];
-}
-
-inline Bitboard neighboring_files_bb(Square s) {
-  return NeighboringFilesBB[square_file(s)];
+inline Bitboard adjacent_files_bb(File f) {
+  return AdjacentFilesBB[f];
 }
 
 
-/// this_and_neighboring_files_bb takes a file or a square as input, and
-/// returns a bitboard representing all squares on the given and neighboring
-/// files.
-
-inline Bitboard this_and_neighboring_files_bb(File f) {
-  return ThisAndNeighboringFilesBB[f];
-}
-
-inline Bitboard this_and_neighboring_files_bb(Square s) {
-  return ThisAndNeighboringFilesBB[square_file(s)];
-}
-
-
-/// relative_rank_bb() takes a color and a rank as input, and returns a bitboard
-/// representing all squares on the given rank from the given color's point of
-/// view. For instance, relative_rank_bb(WHITE, 7) gives all squares on the
-/// 7th rank, while relative_rank_bb(BLACK, 7) gives all squares on the 2nd
-/// rank.
-
-inline Bitboard relative_rank_bb(Color c, Rank r) {
-  return RelativeRankBB[c][r];
-}
-
-
-/// in_front_bb() takes a color and a rank or square as input, and returns a
-/// bitboard representing all the squares on all ranks in front of the rank
-/// (or square), from the given color's point of view.  For instance,
-/// in_front_bb(WHITE, RANK_5) will give all squares on ranks 6, 7 and 8, while
-/// in_front_bb(BLACK, SQ_D3) will give all squares on ranks 1 and 2.
+/// in_front_bb() takes a color and a rank as input, and returns a bitboard
+/// representing all the squares on all ranks in front of the rank, from the
+/// given color's point of view. For instance, in_front_bb(BLACK, RANK_3) will
+/// give all squares on ranks 1 and 2.
 
 inline Bitboard in_front_bb(Color c, Rank r) {
   return InFrontBB[c][r];
 }
 
-inline Bitboard in_front_bb(Color c, Square s) {
-  return InFrontBB[c][square_rank(s)];
-}
 
+/// between_bb() returns a bitboard representing all squares between two squares.
+/// For instance, between_bb(SQ_C4, SQ_F7) returns a bitboard with the bits for
+/// square d5 and e6 set.  If s1 and s2 are not on the same line, file or diagonal,
+/// 0 is returned.
 
-/// behind_bb() takes a color and a rank or square as input, and returns a
-/// bitboard representing all the squares on all ranks behind of the rank
-/// (or square), from the given color's point of view.
-
-inline Bitboard behind_bb(Color c, Rank r) {
-  return InFrontBB[opposite_color(c)][r];
-}
-
-inline Bitboard behind_bb(Color c, Square s) {
-  return InFrontBB[opposite_color(c)][square_rank(s)];
-}
-
-
-/// Functions for computing sliding attack bitboards. rook_attacks_bb(),
-/// bishop_attacks_bb() and queen_attacks_bb() all take a square and a
-/// bitboard of occupied squares as input, and return a bitboard representing
-/// all squares attacked by a rook, bishop or queen on the given square.
-
-#if defined(IS_64BIT)
-
-inline Bitboard rook_attacks_bb(Square s, Bitboard blockers) {
-  Bitboard b = blockers & RMask[s];
-  return RAttacks[RAttackIndex[s] + ((b * RMult[s]) >> RShift[s])];
-}
-
-inline Bitboard bishop_attacks_bb(Square s, Bitboard blockers) {
-  Bitboard b = blockers & BMask[s];
-  return BAttacks[BAttackIndex[s] + ((b * BMult[s]) >> BShift[s])];
-}
-
-#else // if !defined(IS_64BIT)
-
-inline Bitboard rook_attacks_bb(Square s, Bitboard blockers) {
-  Bitboard b = blockers & RMask[s];
-  return RAttacks[RAttackIndex[s] +
-                  (unsigned(int(b) * int(RMult[s]) ^
-                            int(b >> 32) * int(RMult[s] >> 32))
-                   >> RShift[s])];
-}
-
-inline Bitboard bishop_attacks_bb(Square s, Bitboard blockers) {
-  Bitboard b = blockers & BMask[s];
-  return BAttacks[BAttackIndex[s] +
-                  (unsigned(int(b) * int(BMult[s]) ^
-                            int(b >> 32) * int(BMult[s] >> 32))
-                   >> BShift[s])];
-}
-
-#endif
-
-inline Bitboard queen_attacks_bb(Square s, Bitboard blockers) {
-  return rook_attacks_bb(s, blockers) | bishop_attacks_bb(s, blockers);
-}
-
-
-/// squares_between returns a bitboard representing all squares between
-/// two squares.  For instance, squares_between(SQ_C4, SQ_F7) returns a
-/// bitboard with the bits for square d5 and e6 set.  If s1 and s2 are not
-/// on the same line, file or diagonal, EmptyBoardBB is returned.
-
-inline Bitboard squares_between(Square s1, Square s2) {
+inline Bitboard between_bb(Square s1, Square s2) {
   return BetweenBB[s1][s2];
 }
 
 
-/// squares_in_front_of takes a color and a square as input, and returns a
-/// bitboard representing all squares along the line in front of the square,
-/// from the point of view of the given color. Definition of the table is:
-/// SquaresInFrontOf[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & file_bb(s)
+/// forward_bb() takes a color and a square as input, and returns a bitboard
+/// representing all squares along the line in front of the square, from the
+/// point of view of the given color. Definition of the table is:
+/// ForwardBB[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & file_bb(s)
 
-inline Bitboard squares_in_front_of(Color c, Square s) {
-  return SquaresInFrontMask[c][s];
+inline Bitboard forward_bb(Color c, Square s) {
+  return ForwardBB[c][s];
 }
 
 
-/// squares_behind is similar to squares_in_front, but returns the squares
-/// behind the square instead of in front of the square.
+/// pawn_attack_span() takes a color and a square as input, and returns a bitboard
+/// representing all squares that can be attacked by a pawn of the given color
+/// when it moves along its file starting from the given square. Definition is:
+/// PawnAttackSpan[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & adjacent_files_bb(s);
 
-inline Bitboard squares_behind(Color c, Square s) {
-  return SquaresInFrontMask[opposite_color(c)][s];
+inline Bitboard pawn_attack_span(Color c, Square s) {
+  return PawnAttackSpan[c][s];
 }
 
 
-/// passed_pawn_mask takes a color and a square as input, and returns a
+/// passed_pawn_mask() takes a color and a square as input, and returns a
 /// bitboard mask which can be used to test if a pawn of the given color on
 /// the given square is a passed pawn. Definition of the table is:
-/// PassedPawnMask[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & this_and_neighboring_files_bb(s)
+/// PassedPawnMask[c][s] = pawn_attack_span(c, s) | forward_bb(c, s)
 
 inline Bitboard passed_pawn_mask(Color c, Square s) {
   return PassedPawnMask[c][s];
 }
 
 
-/// attack_span_mask takes a color and a square as input, and returns a bitboard
-/// representing all squares that can be attacked by a pawn of the given color
-/// when it moves along its file starting from the given square. Definition is:
-/// AttackSpanMask[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & neighboring_files_bb(s);
+/// squares_of_color() returns a bitboard representing all squares with the same
+/// color of the given square.
 
-inline Bitboard attack_span_mask(Color c, Square s) {
-  return AttackSpanMask[c][s];
+inline Bitboard squares_of_color(Square s) {
+  return DarkSquares & s ? DarkSquares : ~DarkSquares;
 }
 
 
-/// squares_aligned returns true if the squares s1, s2 and s3 are aligned
+/// squares_aligned() returns true if the squares s1, s2 and s3 are aligned
 /// either on a straight or on a diagonal line.
 
 inline bool squares_aligned(Square s1, Square s2, Square s3) {
   return  (BetweenBB[s1][s2] | BetweenBB[s1][s3] | BetweenBB[s2][s3])
-        & ((1ULL << s1) | (1ULL << s2) | (1ULL << s3));
+        & (     SquareBB[s1] |      SquareBB[s2] |      SquareBB[s3]);
 }
 
 
-/// first_1() finds the least significant nonzero bit in a nonzero bitboard.
-/// pop_1st_bit() finds and clears the least significant nonzero bit in a
-/// nonzero bitboard.
+/// Functions for computing sliding attack bitboards. Function attacks_bb() takes
+/// a square and a bitboard of occupied squares as input, and returns a bitboard
+/// representing all squares attacked by Pt (bishop or rook) on the given square.
+template<PieceType Pt>
+FORCE_INLINE unsigned magic_index(Square s, Bitboard occ) {
 
-#if defined(USE_BSFQ) // Assembly code by Heinz van Saanen
+  Bitboard* const Masks  = Pt == ROOK ? RMasks  : BMasks;
+  Bitboard* const Magics = Pt == ROOK ? RMagics : BMagics;
+  unsigned* const Shifts = Pt == ROOK ? RShifts : BShifts;
 
-inline Square first_1(Bitboard b) {
-  Bitboard dummy;
-  __asm__("bsfq %1, %0": "=r"(dummy): "rm"(b) );
-  return (Square)(dummy);
+  if (Is64Bit)
+      return unsigned(((occ & Masks[s]) * Magics[s]) >> Shifts[s]);
+
+  unsigned lo = unsigned(occ) & unsigned(Masks[s]);
+  unsigned hi = unsigned(occ >> 32) & unsigned(Masks[s] >> 32);
+  return (lo * unsigned(Magics[s]) ^ hi * unsigned(Magics[s] >> 32)) >> Shifts[s];
 }
 
-inline Square pop_1st_bit(Bitboard* b) {
-  const Square s = first_1(*b);
-  *b &= ~(1ULL<<s);
+template<PieceType Pt>
+inline Bitboard attacks_bb(Square s, Bitboard occ) {
+  return (Pt == ROOK ? RAttacks : BAttacks)[s][magic_index<Pt>(s, occ)];
+}
+
+
+/// lsb()/msb() finds the least/most significant bit in a nonzero bitboard.
+/// pop_lsb() finds and clears the least significant bit in a nonzero bitboard.
+
+#ifdef USE_BSFQ
+
+#  if defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
+
+FORCE_INLINE Square lsb(Bitboard b) {
+  unsigned long index;
+  _BitScanForward64(&index, b);
+  return (Square) index;
+}
+
+FORCE_INLINE Square msb(Bitboard b) {
+  unsigned long index;
+  _BitScanReverse64(&index, b);
+  return (Square) index;
+}
+
+#  elif defined(__arm__)
+
+FORCE_INLINE int lsb32(uint32_t v) {
+  __asm__("rbit %0, %1" : "=r"(v) : "r"(v));
+  return __builtin_clz(v);
+}
+
+FORCE_INLINE Square msb(Bitboard b) {
+  return (Square) (63 - __builtin_clzll(b));
+}
+
+FORCE_INLINE Square lsb(Bitboard b) {
+  return (Square) (uint32_t(b) ? lsb32(uint32_t(b)) : 32 + lsb32(uint32_t(b >> 32)));
+}
+
+#  else
+
+FORCE_INLINE Square lsb(Bitboard b) { // Assembly code by Heinz van Saanen
+  Bitboard index;
+  __asm__("bsfq %1, %0": "=r"(index): "rm"(b) );
+  return (Square) index;
+}
+
+FORCE_INLINE Square msb(Bitboard b) {
+  Bitboard index;
+  __asm__("bsrq %1, %0": "=r"(index): "rm"(b) );
+  return (Square) index;
+}
+
+#  endif
+
+FORCE_INLINE Square pop_lsb(Bitboard* b) {
+  const Square s = lsb(*b);
+  *b &= *b - 1;
   return s;
 }
 
-#else // if !defined(USE_BSFQ)
+#else // if defined(USE_BSFQ)
 
-extern Square first_1(Bitboard b);
-extern Square pop_1st_bit(Bitboard* b);
+extern Square msb(Bitboard b);
+extern Square lsb(Bitboard b);
+extern Square pop_lsb(Bitboard* b);
 
 #endif
 
-
-////
-//// Prototypes
-////
-
-extern void print_bitboard(Bitboard b);
-extern void init_bitboards();
-
-
-#endif // !defined(BITBOARD_H_INCLUDED)
+#endif // #ifndef BITBOARD_H_INCLUDED

src/bitcount.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -18,108 +18,88 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-
-#if !defined(BITCOUNT_H_INCLUDED)
+#ifndef BITCOUNT_H_INCLUDED
 #define BITCOUNT_H_INCLUDED
 
+#include <cassert>
 #include "types.h"
 
 enum BitCountType {
-    CNT64,
-    CNT64_MAX15,
-    CNT32,
-    CNT32_MAX15,
-    CNT_POPCNT
+  CNT_64,
+  CNT_64_MAX15,
+  CNT_32,
+  CNT_32_MAX15,
+  CNT_HW_POPCNT
 };
 
-/// count_1s() counts the number of nonzero bits in a bitboard.
-/// We have different optimized versions according if platform
-/// is 32 or 64 bits, and to the maximum number of nonzero bits.
-/// We also support hardware popcnt instruction. See Readme.txt
-/// on how to pgo compile with popcnt support.
-template<BitCountType> inline int count_1s(Bitboard);
+/// Determine at compile time the best popcount<> specialization according if
+/// platform is 32 or 64 bits, to the maximum number of nonzero bits to count
+/// and if hardware popcnt instruction is available.
+const BitCountType Full  = HasPopCnt ? CNT_HW_POPCNT : Is64Bit ? CNT_64 : CNT_32;
+const BitCountType Max15 = HasPopCnt ? CNT_HW_POPCNT : Is64Bit ? CNT_64_MAX15 : CNT_32_MAX15;
+
+
+/// popcount() counts the number of nonzero bits in a bitboard
+template<BitCountType> inline int popcount(Bitboard);
 
 template<>
-inline int count_1s<CNT64>(Bitboard b) {
-  b -= ((b>>1) & 0x5555555555555555ULL);
-  b = ((b>>2) & 0x3333333333333333ULL) + (b & 0x3333333333333333ULL);
-  b = ((b>>4) + b) & 0x0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0FULL;
-  b *= 0x0101010101010101ULL;
-  return int(b >> 56);
+inline int popcount<CNT_64>(Bitboard b) {
+  b -=  (b >> 1) & 0x5555555555555555ULL;
+  b  = ((b >> 2) & 0x3333333333333333ULL) + (b & 0x3333333333333333ULL);
+  b  = ((b >> 4) + b) & 0x0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0FULL;
+  return (b * 0x0101010101010101ULL) >> 56;
 }
 
 template<>
-inline int count_1s<CNT64_MAX15>(Bitboard b) {
-  b -= (b>>1) & 0x5555555555555555ULL;
-  b = ((b>>2) & 0x3333333333333333ULL) + (b & 0x3333333333333333ULL);
-  b *= 0x1111111111111111ULL;
-  return int(b >> 60);
+inline int popcount<CNT_64_MAX15>(Bitboard b) {
+  b -=  (b >> 1) & 0x5555555555555555ULL;
+  b  = ((b >> 2) & 0x3333333333333333ULL) + (b & 0x3333333333333333ULL);
+  return (b * 0x1111111111111111ULL) >> 60;
 }
 
 template<>
-inline int count_1s<CNT32>(Bitboard b) {
+inline int popcount<CNT_32>(Bitboard b) {
   unsigned w = unsigned(b >> 32), v = unsigned(b);
-  v -= (v >> 1) & 0x55555555; // 0-2 in 2 bits
-  w -= (w >> 1) & 0x55555555;
-  v = ((v >> 2) & 0x33333333) + (v & 0x33333333); // 0-4 in 4 bits
-  w = ((w >> 2) & 0x33333333) + (w & 0x33333333);
-  v = ((v >> 4) + v) & 0x0F0F0F0F; // 0-8 in 8 bits
-  v += (((w >> 4) + w) & 0x0F0F0F0F);  // 0-16 in 8 bits
-  v *= 0x01010101; // mul is fast on amd procs
-  return int(v >> 24);
+  v -=  (v >> 1) & 0x55555555; // 0-2 in 2 bits
+  w -=  (w >> 1) & 0x55555555;
+  v  = ((v >> 2) & 0x33333333) + (v & 0x33333333); // 0-4 in 4 bits
+  w  = ((w >> 2) & 0x33333333) + (w & 0x33333333);
+  v  = ((v >> 4) + v + (w >> 4) + w) & 0x0F0F0F0F;
+  return (v * 0x01010101) >> 24;
 }
 
 template<>
-inline int count_1s<CNT32_MAX15>(Bitboard b) {
+inline int popcount<CNT_32_MAX15>(Bitboard b) {
   unsigned w = unsigned(b >> 32), v = unsigned(b);
-  v -= (v >> 1) & 0x55555555; // 0-2 in 2 bits
-  w -= (w >> 1) & 0x55555555;
-  v = ((v >> 2) & 0x33333333) + (v & 0x33333333); // 0-4 in 4 bits
-  w = ((w >> 2) & 0x33333333) + (w & 0x33333333);
-  v += w; // 0-8 in 4 bits
-  v *= 0x11111111;
-  return int(v >> 28);
+  v -=  (v >> 1) & 0x55555555; // 0-2 in 2 bits
+  w -=  (w >> 1) & 0x55555555;
+  v  = ((v >> 2) & 0x33333333) + (v & 0x33333333); // 0-4 in 4 bits
+  w  = ((w >> 2) & 0x33333333) + (w & 0x33333333);
+  return ((v + w) * 0x11111111) >> 28;
 }
 
 template<>
-inline int count_1s<CNT_POPCNT>(Bitboard b) {
-#if !defined(USE_POPCNT)
-  return int(b != 0); // Avoid 'b not used' warning
+inline int popcount<CNT_HW_POPCNT>(Bitboard b) {
+
+#ifndef USE_POPCNT
+
+  assert(false);
+  return b != 0; // Avoid 'b not used' warning
+
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
+
+  return _mm_popcnt_u64(b);
+
 #elif defined(_MSC_VER)
-  return __popcnt64(b);
-#elif defined(__GNUC__)
-  unsigned long ret;
-  __asm__("popcnt %1, %0" : "=r" (ret) : "r" (b));
-  return ret;
+
+  return (int)__popcnt64(b);
+
+#else
+
+  __asm__("popcnt %1, %0" : "=r" (b) : "r" (b));
+  return b;
+
 #endif
 }
 
-
-/// cpu_has_popcnt() detects support for popcnt instruction at runtime
-inline bool cpu_has_popcnt() {
-
-  int CPUInfo[4] = {-1};
-  __cpuid(CPUInfo, 0x00000001);
-  return (CPUInfo[2] >> 23) & 1;
-}
-
-
-/// CpuHasPOPCNT is a global constant initialized at startup that
-/// is set to true if CPU on which application runs supports popcnt
-/// hardware instruction. Unless USE_POPCNT is not defined.
-#if defined(USE_POPCNT)
-const bool CpuHasPOPCNT = cpu_has_popcnt();
-#else
-const bool CpuHasPOPCNT = false;
-#endif
-
-
-/// CpuIs64Bit is a global constant initialized at compile time that
-/// is set to true if CPU on which application runs is a 64 bits.
-#if defined(IS_64BIT)
-const bool CpuIs64Bit = true;
-#else
-const bool CpuIs64Bit = false;
-#endif
-
-#endif // !defined(BITCOUNT_H_INCLUDED)
+#endif // #ifndef BITCOUNT_H_INCLUDED

src/book.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,36 +17,44 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-
 /*
   The code in this file is based on the opening book code in PolyGlot
-  by Fabien Letouzey.  PolyGlot is available under the GNU General
+  by Fabien Letouzey. PolyGlot is available under the GNU General
   Public License, and can be downloaded from http://wbec-ridderkerk.nl
 */
 
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
+#include <algorithm>
 #include <cassert>
+#include <iostream>
 
 #include "book.h"
+#include "misc.h"
 #include "movegen.h"
 
 using namespace std;
 
-////
-//// Local definitions
-////
-
 namespace {
 
-  // Book entry size in bytes
-  const int EntrySize = 16;
+  // A Polyglot book is a series of "entries" of 16 bytes. All integers are
+  // stored in big-endian format, with highest byte first (regardless of size).
+  // The entries are ordered according to the key in ascending order.
+  struct Entry {
+    uint64_t key;
+    uint16_t move;
+    uint16_t count;
+    uint32_t learn;
+  };
 
   // Random numbers from PolyGlot, used to compute book hash keys
-  const uint64_t Random64[781] = {
+  const union {
+    Key PolyGlotRandoms[781];
+    struct {
+      Key psq[12][64];  // [piece][square]
+      Key castle[4];    // [castle right]
+      Key enpassant[8]; // [file]
+      Key turn;
+    } Zobrist;
+  } PG = {{
     0x9D39247E33776D41ULL, 0x2AF7398005AAA5C7ULL, 0x44DB015024623547ULL,
     0x9C15F73E62A76AE2ULL, 0x75834465489C0C89ULL, 0x3290AC3A203001BFULL,
     0x0FBBAD1F61042279ULL, 0xE83A908FF2FB60CAULL, 0x0D7E765D58755C10ULL,
@@ -308,280 +316,163 @@ namespace {
     0x003A93D8B2806962ULL, 0x1C99DED33CB890A1ULL, 0xCF3145DE0ADD4289ULL,
     0xD0E4427A5514FB72ULL, 0x77C621CC9FB3A483ULL, 0x67A34DAC4356550BULL,
     0xF8D626AAAF278509ULL
-  };
+  }};
 
-  // Indices to the Random64[] array
-  const int PieceIdx     = 0;
-  const int CastleIdx    = 768;
-  const int EnPassantIdx = 772;
-  const int TurnIdx      = 780;
+  // polyglot_key() returns the PolyGlot hash key of the given position
+  Key polyglot_key(const Position& pos) {
 
-  // Local functions
-  uint64_t book_key(const Position& pos);
-  uint64_t book_piece_key(Piece p, Square s);
-  uint64_t book_castle_key(const Position& pos);
-  uint64_t book_ep_key(const Position& pos);
-  uint64_t book_color_key(const Position& pos);
-}
+    Key key = 0;
+    Bitboard b = pos.pieces();
 
+    while (b)
+    {
+        Square s = pop_lsb(&b);
+        Piece p = pos.piece_on(s);
 
-////
-//// Functions
-////
+        // PolyGlot pieces are: BP = 0, WP = 1, BN = 2, ... BK = 10, WK = 11
+        key ^= PG.Zobrist.psq[2 * (type_of(p) - 1) + (color_of(p) == WHITE)][s];
+    }
 
-// C'tor. Make random number generation less deterministic, for book moves
-Book::Book() {
+    b = pos.can_castle(ALL_CASTLES);
 
-  for (int i = abs(get_system_time() % 10000); i > 0; i--)
-      RKiss.rand<unsigned>();
-}
+    while (b)
+        key ^= PG.Zobrist.castle[pop_lsb(&b)];
 
+    if (pos.ep_square() != SQ_NONE)
+        key ^= PG.Zobrist.enpassant[file_of(pos.ep_square())];
 
-/// Destructor. Be sure file is closed before we leave.
+    if (pos.side_to_move() == WHITE)
+        key ^= PG.Zobrist.turn;
 
-Book::~Book() {
-
-  close();
-}
-
-
-/// Book::close() closes the file only if it is open, otherwise
-/// we can end up in a little mess due to how std::ifstream works.
-
-void Book::close() {
-
-  if (is_open())
-      ifstream::close();
-}
-
-
-/// Book::open() opens a book file with a given file name
-
-void Book::open(const string& fName) {
-
-  // Close old file before opening the new
-  close();
-
-  fileName = fName;
-  ifstream::open(fileName.c_str(), ifstream::in | ifstream::binary);
-
-  // Silently return when asked to open a non-exsistent file
-  if (!is_open())
-      return;
-
-  // Get the book size in number of entries
-  seekg(0, ios::end);
-  bookSize = long(tellg()) / EntrySize;
-  seekg(0, ios::beg);
-
-  if (!good())
-  {
-      cerr << "Failed to open book file " << fileName << endl;
-      exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+    return key;
   }
+
+} // namespace
+
+PolyglotBook::PolyglotBook() : rkiss(Time::now() % 10000) {}
+
+PolyglotBook::~PolyglotBook() { if (is_open()) close(); }
+
+
+/// operator>>() reads sizeof(T) chars from the file's binary byte stream and
+/// converts them in a number of type T. A Polyglot book stores numbers in
+/// big-endian format.
+
+template<typename T> PolyglotBook& PolyglotBook::operator>>(T& n) {
+
+  n = 0;
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(T); i++)
+      n = T((n << 8) + ifstream::get());
+
+  return *this;
+}
+
+template<> PolyglotBook& PolyglotBook::operator>>(Entry& e) {
+  return *this >> e.key >> e.move >> e.count >> e.learn;
 }
 
 
-/// Book::file_name() returns the file name of the currently active book,
-/// or the empty string if no book is open.
+/// open() tries to open a book file with the given name after closing any
+/// exsisting one.
 
-const string Book::file_name() { // Not const to compile on HP-UX 11.X
+bool PolyglotBook::open(const char* fName) {
 
-  return is_open() ? fileName : "";
+  if (is_open()) // Cannot close an already closed file
+      close();
+
+  ifstream::open(fName, ifstream::in | ifstream::binary);
+
+  fileName = is_open() ? fName : "";
+  ifstream::clear(); // Reset any error flag to allow retry ifstream::open()
+  return !fileName.empty();
 }
 
 
-/// Book::get_move() gets a book move for a given position. Returns
-/// MOVE_NONE if no book move is found.
+/// probe() tries to find a book move for the given position. If no move is
+/// found returns MOVE_NONE. If pickBest is true returns always the highest
+/// rated move, otherwise randomly chooses one, based on the move score.
 
-Move Book::get_move(const Position& pos, bool findBestMove) {
+Move PolyglotBook::probe(const Position& pos, const string& fName, bool pickBest) {
 
-  if (!is_open() || bookSize == 0)
+  if (fileName != fName && !open(fName.c_str()))
       return MOVE_NONE;
 
-  BookEntry entry;
-  int bookMove = MOVE_NONE;
-  unsigned scoresSum = 0, bestScore = 0;
-  uint64_t key = book_key(pos);
+  Entry e;
+  uint16_t best = 0;
+  unsigned sum = 0;
+  Move move = MOVE_NONE;
+  Key key = polyglot_key(pos);
 
-  // Choose a book move among the possible moves for the given position
-  for (int idx = find_key(key); idx < bookSize; idx++)
+  seekg(find_first(key) * sizeof(Entry), ios_base::beg);
+
+  while (*this >> e, e.key == key && good())
   {
-      read_entry(entry, idx);
-      if (entry.key != key)
-          break;
-
-      unsigned score = entry.count;
-
-      // If findBestMove is true choose highest rated book move
-      if (findBestMove)
-      {
-          if (score > bestScore)
-          {
-              bestScore = score;
-              bookMove = entry.move;
-          }
-          continue;
-      }
+      best = max(best, e.count);
+      sum += e.count;
 
       // Choose book move according to its score. If a move has a very
-      // high score it has more probability to be choosen then a one with
-      // lower score. Note that first entry is always chosen.
-      scoresSum += score;
-      if (RKiss.rand<unsigned>() % scoresSum < score)
-          bookMove = entry.move;
+      // high score it has higher probability to be choosen than a move
+      // with lower score. Note that first entry is always chosen.
+      if (   (sum && rkiss.rand<unsigned>() % sum < e.count)
+          || (pickBest && e.count == best))
+          move = Move(e.move);
   }
-  if (!bookMove)
+
+  if (!move)
       return MOVE_NONE;
 
-  // Verify the book move is legal
-  MoveStack mlist[MOVES_MAX];
-  MoveStack* last = generate_moves(pos, mlist);
-  for (MoveStack* cur = mlist; cur != last; cur++)
-      if ((int(cur->move) & 07777) == bookMove)
-          return cur->move;
+  // A PolyGlot book move is encoded as follows:
+  //
+  // bit  0- 5: destination square (from 0 to 63)
+  // bit  6-11: origin square (from 0 to 63)
+  // bit 12-14: promotion piece (from KNIGHT == 1 to QUEEN == 4)
+  //
+  // Castling moves follow "king captures rook" representation. So in case book
+  // move is a promotion we have to convert to our representation, in all the
+  // other cases we can directly compare with a Move after having masked out
+  // the special Move's flags (bit 14-15) that are not supported by PolyGlot.
+  int pt = (move >> 12) & 7;
+  if (pt)
+      move = make<PROMOTION>(from_sq(move), to_sq(move), PieceType(pt + 1));
+
+  // Add 'special move' flags and verify it is legal
+  for (MoveList<LEGAL> it(pos); *it; ++it)
+      if (move == (*it ^ type_of(*it)))
+          return *it;
 
   return MOVE_NONE;
 }
 
 
-/// Book::find_key() takes a book key as input, and does a binary search
-/// through the book file for the given key. The index to the first book
-/// entry with the same key as the input is returned. When the key is not
-/// found in the book file, bookSize is returned.
+/// find_first() takes a book key as input, and does a binary search through
+/// the book file for the given key. Returns the index of the leftmost book
+/// entry with the same key as the input.
 
-int Book::find_key(uint64_t key) {
+size_t PolyglotBook::find_first(Key key) {
 
-  int left, right, mid;
-  BookEntry entry;
+  seekg(0, ios::end); // Move pointer to end, so tellg() gets file's size
 
-  // Binary search (finds the leftmost entry)
-  left = 0;
-  right = bookSize - 1;
+  size_t low = 0, mid, high = (size_t)tellg() / sizeof(Entry) - 1;
+  Entry e;
 
-  assert(left <= right);
+  assert(low <= high);
 
-  while (left < right)
+  while (low < high && good())
   {
-      mid = (left + right) / 2;
+      mid = (low + high) / 2;
 
-      assert(mid >= left && mid < right);
+      assert(mid >= low && mid < high);
 
-      read_entry(entry, mid);
+      seekg(mid * sizeof(Entry), ios_base::beg);
+      *this >> e;
 
-      if (key <= entry.key)
-          right = mid;
+      if (key <= e.key)
+          high = mid;
       else
-          left = mid + 1;
+          low = mid + 1;
   }
 
-  assert(left == right);
+  assert(low == high);
 
-  read_entry(entry, left);
-  return entry.key == key ? left : bookSize;
-}
-
-
-/// Book::read_entry() takes a BookEntry reference and an integer index as
-/// input, and looks up the opening book entry at the given index in the book
-/// file. The book entry is copied to the first input parameter.
-
-void Book::read_entry(BookEntry& entry, int idx) {
-
-  assert(idx >= 0 && idx < bookSize);
-  assert(is_open());
-
-  seekg(idx * EntrySize, ios_base::beg);
-
-  *this >> entry;
-
-  if (!good())
-  {
-      cerr << "Failed to read book entry at index " << idx << endl;
-      exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-  }
-}
-
-
-/// Book::read_integer() reads size chars from the file stream
-/// and converts them in an integer number.
-
-uint64_t Book::read_integer(int size) {
-
-  char buf[8];
-  uint64_t n = 0;
-
-  read(buf, size);
-
-  // Numbers are stored on disk as a binary byte stream
-  for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
-      n = (n << 8) + (unsigned char)buf[i];
-
-  return n;
-}
-
-
-////
-//// Local definitions
-////
-
-namespace {
-
-  uint64_t book_key(const Position& pos) {
-
-    uint64_t result = 0;
-    Bitboard b = pos.occupied_squares();
-
-    while (b)
-    {
-        Square s = pop_1st_bit(&b);
-        result ^= book_piece_key(pos.piece_on(s), s);
-    }
-
-    result ^= book_castle_key(pos);
-    result ^= book_ep_key(pos);
-    result ^= book_color_key(pos);
-    return result;
-  }
-
-
-  uint64_t book_piece_key(Piece p, Square s) {
-
-    // Convert pieces to the range 0..11
-    static const int PieceTo12[] = { 0, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 0, 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 };
-
-    return Random64[PieceIdx + (PieceTo12[int(p)]^1) * 64 + int(s)];
-  }
-
-
-  uint64_t book_castle_key(const Position& pos) {
-
-    uint64_t result = 0;
-
-    if (pos.can_castle_kingside(WHITE))
-        result ^= Random64[CastleIdx + 0];
-
-    if (pos.can_castle_queenside(WHITE))
-        result ^= Random64[CastleIdx + 1];
-
-    if (pos.can_castle_kingside(BLACK))
-        result ^= Random64[CastleIdx + 2];
-
-    if (pos.can_castle_queenside(BLACK))
-        result ^= Random64[CastleIdx + 3];
-
-    return result;
-  }
-
-
-  uint64_t book_ep_key(const Position& pos) {
-
-    return pos.ep_square() == SQ_NONE ? 0 : Random64[EnPassantIdx + square_file(pos.ep_square())];
-  }
-
-
-  uint64_t book_color_key(const Position& pos) {
-
-    return pos.side_to_move() == WHITE ? Random64[TurnIdx] : 0;
-  }
+  return low;
 }

src/book.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,65 +17,29 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-
-/*
-  The code in this file is based on the opening book code in PolyGlot
-  by Fabien Letouzey.  PolyGlot is available under the GNU General
-  Public License, and can be downloaded from http://wbec-ridderkerk.nl
-*/
-
-
-#if !defined(BOOK_H_INCLUDED)
+#ifndef BOOK_H_INCLUDED
 #define BOOK_H_INCLUDED
 
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
 #include <fstream>
 #include <string>
 
-#include "move.h"
 #include "position.h"
 #include "rkiss.h"
 
-
-////
-//// Types
-////
-
-struct BookEntry {
-  uint64_t key;
-  uint16_t move;
-  uint16_t count;
-  uint16_t n;
-  uint16_t sum;
-};
-
-class Book : private std::ifstream {
-  Book(const Book&); // just decleared..
-  Book& operator=(const Book&); // ..to avoid a warning
+class PolyglotBook : private std::ifstream {
 public:
-  Book();
-  ~Book();
-  void open(const std::string& fName);
-  void close();
-  const std::string file_name();
-  Move get_move(const Position& pos, bool findBestMove);
+  PolyglotBook();
+ ~PolyglotBook();
+  Move probe(const Position& pos, const std::string& fName, bool pickBest);
 
 private:
-  Book& operator>>(uint64_t& n) { n = read_integer(8); return *this; }
-  Book& operator>>(uint16_t& n) { n = (uint16_t)read_integer(2); return *this; }
-  void operator>>(BookEntry& e) { *this >> e.key >> e.move >> e.count >> e.n >> e.sum; }
+  template<typename T> PolyglotBook& operator>>(T& n);
 
-  uint64_t read_integer(int size);
-  void read_entry(BookEntry& e, int n);
-  int find_key(uint64_t key);
+  bool open(const char* fName);
+  size_t find_first(Key key);
 
+  RKISS rkiss;
   std::string fileName;
-  int bookSize;
-  RKISS RKiss;
 };
 
-#endif // !defined(BOOK_H_INCLUDED)
+#endif // #ifndef BOOK_H_INCLUDED

src/depth.h

@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-/*
-  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
-  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
-
-  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-  (at your option) any later version.
-
-  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-  GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-*/
-
-
-#if !defined(DEPTH_H_INCLUDED)
-#define DEPTH_H_INCLUDED
-
-#include "types.h"
-
-////
-//// Types
-////
-
-enum Depth {
-
-  ONE_PLY = 2,
-
-  DEPTH_ZERO         =  0 * ONE_PLY,
-  DEPTH_QS_CHECKS    = -1 * ONE_PLY,
-  DEPTH_QS_NO_CHECKS = -2 * ONE_PLY,
-
-  DEPTH_NONE = -127 * ONE_PLY
-};
-
-ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(Depth);
-
-#endif // !defined(DEPTH_H_INCLUDED)

src/endgame.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,88 +17,109 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-
-#if !defined(ENDGAME_H_INCLUDED)
+#ifndef ENDGAME_H_INCLUDED
 #define ENDGAME_H_INCLUDED
 
-////
-//// Includes
-////
+#include <map>
+#include <string>
 
 #include "position.h"
-#include "value.h"
+#include "types.h"
 
 
-////
-//// Types
-////
+/// EndgameType lists all supported endgames
 
 enum EndgameType {
 
-    // Evaluation functions
-    KXK,   // Generic "mate lone king" eval
-    KBNK,  // KBN vs K
-    KPK,   // KP vs K
-    KRKP,  // KR vs KP
-    KRKB,  // KR vs KB
-    KRKN,  // KR vs KN
-    KQKR,  // KQ vs KR
-    KBBKN, // KBB vs KN
-    KNNK,  // KNN vs K
-    KmmKm, // K and two minors vs K and one or two minors
+  // Evaluation functions
 
-    // Scaling functions
-    KBPsK,   // KB+pawns vs K
-    KQKRPs,  // KQ vs KR+pawns
-    KRPKR,   // KRP vs KR
-    KRPPKRP, // KRPP vs KRP
-    KPsK,    // King and pawns vs king
-    KBPKB,   // KBP vs KB
-    KBPPKB,  // KBPP vs KB
-    KBPKN,   // KBP vs KN
-    KNPK,    // KNP vs K
-    KPKP     // KP vs KP
+  KK,    // K vs K
+  KBK,   // KB vs K
+  KNK,   // KN vs K
+  KNNK,  // KNN vs K
+  KXK,   // Generic "mate lone king" eval
+  KBNK,  // KBN vs K
+  KPK,   // KP vs K
+  KRKP,  // KR vs KP
+  KRKB,  // KR vs KB
+  KRKN,  // KR vs KN
+  KQKP,  // KQ vs KP
+  KQKR,  // KQ vs KR
+  KBBKN, // KBB vs KN
+  KmmKm, // K and two minors vs K and one or two minors
+
+
+  // Scaling functions
+  SCALE_FUNS,
+
+  KBPsK,   // KB+pawns vs K
+  KQKRPs,  // KQ vs KR+pawns
+  KRPKR,   // KRP vs KR
+  KRPPKRP, // KRPP vs KRP
+  KPsK,    // King and pawns vs king
+  KBPKB,   // KBP vs KB
+  KBPPKB,  // KBPP vs KB
+  KBPKN,   // KBP vs KN
+  KNPK,    // KNP vs K
+  KNPKB,   // KNP vs KB
+  KPKP     // KP vs KP
 };
 
-/// Template abstract base class for all special endgame functions
+
+/// Endgame functions can be of two types according if return a Value or a
+/// ScaleFactor. Type eg_fun<int>::type equals to either ScaleFactor or Value
+/// depending if the template parameter is 0 or 1.
+
+template<int> struct eg_fun { typedef Value type; };
+template<> struct eg_fun<1> { typedef ScaleFactor type; };
+
+
+/// Base and derived templates for endgame evaluation and scaling functions
 
 template<typename T>
-class EndgameFunctionBase {
-public:
-  EndgameFunctionBase(Color c) : strongerSide(c), weakerSide(opposite_color(c)) {}
-  virtual ~EndgameFunctionBase() {}
-  virtual T apply(const Position&) const = 0;
-  Color color() const { return strongerSide; }
+struct EndgameBase {
 
-protected:
+  virtual ~EndgameBase() {}
+  virtual Color color() const = 0;
+  virtual T operator()(const Position&) const = 0;
+};
+
+
+template<EndgameType E, typename T = typename eg_fun<(E > SCALE_FUNS)>::type>
+struct Endgame : public EndgameBase<T> {
+
+  explicit Endgame(Color c) : strongerSide(c), weakerSide(~c) {}
+  Color color() const { return strongerSide; }
+  T operator()(const Position&) const;
+
+private:
   Color strongerSide, weakerSide;
 };
 
-typedef EndgameFunctionBase<Value> EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase;
-typedef EndgameFunctionBase<ScaleFactor> EndgameScalingFunctionBase;
 
+/// Endgames class stores in two std::map the pointers to endgame evaluation
+/// and scaling base objects. Then we use polymorphism to invoke the actual
+/// endgame function calling its operator() that is virtual.
 
-/// Templates subclass for various concrete endgames
+class Endgames {
 
-template<EndgameType>
-struct EvaluationFunction : public EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase {
-  typedef EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase Base;
-  explicit EvaluationFunction(Color c): EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase(c) {}
-  Value apply(const Position&) const;
+  typedef std::map<Key, EndgameBase<eg_fun<0>::type>*> M1;
+  typedef std::map<Key, EndgameBase<eg_fun<1>::type>*> M2;
+
+  M1 m1;
+  M2 m2;
+
+  M1& map(M1::mapped_type) { return m1; }
+  M2& map(M2::mapped_type) { return m2; }
+
+  template<EndgameType E> void add(const std::string& code);
+
+public:
+  Endgames();
+ ~Endgames();
+
+  template<typename T> T probe(Key key, T& eg)
+  { return eg = map(eg).count(key) ? map(eg)[key] : NULL; }
 };
 
-template<EndgameType>
-struct ScalingFunction : public EndgameScalingFunctionBase {
-  typedef EndgameScalingFunctionBase Base;
-  explicit ScalingFunction(Color c) : EndgameScalingFunctionBase(c) {}
-  ScaleFactor apply(const Position&) const;
-};
-
-
-////
-//// Prototypes
-////
-
-extern void init_bitbases();
-
-#endif // !defined(ENDGAME_H_INCLUDED)
+#endif // #ifndef ENDGAME_H_INCLUDED

src/evaluate.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,18 +17,19 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-
-#if !defined(EVALUATE_H_INCLUDED)
+#ifndef EVALUATE_H_INCLUDED
 #define EVALUATE_H_INCLUDED
 
-#include "color.h"
-#include "value.h"
+#include "types.h"
 
 class Position;
 
-extern Value evaluate(const Position& pos, Value& margin);
-extern void init_eval(int threads);
-extern void quit_eval();
-extern void read_evaluation_uci_options(Color sideToMove);
+namespace Eval {
 
-#endif // !defined(EVALUATE_H_INCLUDED)
+extern void init();
+extern Value evaluate(const Position& pos, Value& margin);
+extern std::string trace(const Position& pos);
+
+}
+
+#endif // #ifndef EVALUATE_H_INCLUDED

src/history.cpp

@@ -1,98 +0,0 @@
-/*
-  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
-  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
-
-  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-  (at your option) any later version.
-
-  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-  GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-*/
-
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
-#include <cassert>
-#include <cstring>
-
-#include "history.h"
-
-
-////
-//// Functions
-////
-
-
-/// Constructor
-
-History::History() { clear(); }
-
-
-/// History::clear() clears the history tables
-
-void History::clear() {
-  memset(history, 0, 16 * 64 * sizeof(int));
-  memset(maxStaticValueDelta, 0, 16 * 64 * sizeof(int));
-}
-
-
-/// History::success() registers a move as being successful. This is done
-/// whenever a non-capturing move causes a beta cutoff in the main search.
-/// The three parameters are the moving piece, the destination square, and
-/// the search depth.
-
-void History::success(Piece p, Square to, Depth d) {
-
-  assert(piece_is_ok(p));
-  assert(square_is_ok(to));
-
-  history[p][to] += int(d) * int(d);
-
-  // Prevent history overflow
-  if (history[p][to] >= HistoryMax)
-      for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++)
-          for (int j = 0; j < 64; j++)
-              history[i][j] /= 2;
-}
-
-
-/// History::failure() registers a move as being unsuccessful. The function is
-/// called for each non-capturing move which failed to produce a beta cutoff
-/// at a node where a beta cutoff was finally found.
-
-void History::failure(Piece p, Square to, Depth d) {
-
-  assert(piece_is_ok(p));
-  assert(square_is_ok(to));
-
-  history[p][to] -= int(d) * int(d);
-
-  // Prevent history underflow
-  if (history[p][to] <= -HistoryMax)
-      for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++)
-          for (int j = 0; j < 64; j++)
-              history[i][j] /= 2;
-}
-
-
-/// History::set_gain() and History::gain() store and retrieve the
-/// gain of a move given the delta of the static position evaluations
-/// before and after the move.
-
-void History::set_gain(Piece p, Square to, Value delta) {
-
-  if (delta >= maxStaticValueDelta[p][to])
-      maxStaticValueDelta[p][to] = delta;
-  else
-      maxStaticValueDelta[p][to]--;
-}

src/history.h

@@ -1,89 +0,0 @@
-/*
-  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
-  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
-
-  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-  (at your option) any later version.
-
-  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-  GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-*/
-
-
-#if !defined(HISTORY_H_INCLUDED)
-#define HISTORY_H_INCLUDED
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
-#include "depth.h"
-#include "move.h"
-#include "piece.h"
-#include "value.h"
-
-
-////
-//// Types
-////
-
-/// The History class stores statistics about how often different moves
-/// have been successful or unsuccessful during the current search. These
-/// statistics are used for reduction and move ordering decisions. History
-/// entries are stored according only to moving piece and destination square,
-/// in particular two moves with different origin but same destination and
-/// same piece will be considered identical.
-
-class History {
-
-public:
-  History();
-  void clear();
-  void success(Piece p, Square to, Depth d);
-  void failure(Piece p, Square to, Depth d);
-  int value(Piece p, Square to) const;
-  void set_gain(Piece p, Square to, Value delta);
-  Value gain(Piece p, Square to) const;
-
-private:
-  int history[16][64];  // [piece][square]
-  int maxStaticValueDelta[16][64];  // [piece][from_square][to_square]
-};
-
-
-////
-//// Constants and variables
-////
-
-/// HistoryMax controls how often the history counters will be scaled down:
-/// When the history score for a move gets bigger than HistoryMax, all
-/// entries in the table are divided by 2. It is difficult to guess what
-/// the ideal value of this constant is. Scaling down the scores often has
-/// the effect that parts of the search tree which have been searched
-/// recently have a bigger importance for move ordering than the moves which
-/// have been searched a long time ago.
-
-const int HistoryMax = 50000 * ONE_PLY;
-
-
-////
-//// Inline functions
-////
-
-inline int History::value(Piece p, Square to) const {
-  return history[p][to];
-}
-
-inline Value History::gain(Piece p, Square to) const {
-  return Value(maxStaticValueDelta[p][to]);
-}
-
-#endif // !defined(HISTORY_H_INCLUDED)

src/lock.h

@@ -1,60 +0,0 @@
-/*
-  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
-  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
-
-  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-  (at your option) any later version.
-
-  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-  GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-*/
-
-
-#if !defined(LOCK_H_INCLUDED)
-#define LOCK_H_INCLUDED
-
-
-#if !defined(_MSC_VER)
-
-#  include <pthread.h>
-
-typedef pthread_mutex_t Lock;
-typedef pthread_cond_t WaitCondition;
-
-#  define lock_init(x) pthread_mutex_init(x, NULL)
-#  define lock_grab(x) pthread_mutex_lock(x)
-#  define lock_release(x) pthread_mutex_unlock(x)
-#  define lock_destroy(x) pthread_mutex_destroy(x)
-#  define cond_destroy(x) pthread_cond_destroy(x)
-#  define cond_init(x) pthread_cond_init(x, NULL)
-#  define cond_signal(x) pthread_cond_signal(x)
-#  define cond_wait(x,y) pthread_cond_wait(x,y)
-
-#else
-
-#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
-#include <windows.h>
-#undef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
-
-typedef CRITICAL_SECTION Lock;
-typedef HANDLE WaitCondition;
-
-#  define lock_init(x) InitializeCriticalSection(x)
-#  define lock_grab(x) EnterCriticalSection(x)
-#  define lock_release(x) LeaveCriticalSection(x)
-#  define lock_destroy(x) DeleteCriticalSection(x)
-#  define cond_init(x) { *x = CreateEvent(0, FALSE, FALSE, 0); }
-#  define cond_destroy(x) CloseHandle(*x)
-#  define cond_signal(x) SetEvent(*x)
-#  define cond_wait(x,y) { lock_release(y); WaitForSingleObject(*x, INFINITE); lock_grab(y); }
-#endif
-
-#endif // !defined(LOCK_H_INCLUDED)

src/main.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,94 +17,36 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-// To profile with callgrind uncomment following line
-//#define USE_CALLGRIND
-
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
 #include <iostream>
 #include <string>
 
 #include "bitboard.h"
-#include "bitcount.h"
-#include "endgame.h"
 #include "evaluate.h"
-#include "material.h"
-#include "misc.h"
 #include "position.h"
 #include "search.h"
 #include "thread.h"
+#include "tt.h"
 #include "ucioption.h"
 
-#ifdef USE_CALLGRIND
-#include <valgrind/callgrind.h>
-#endif
-
-using namespace std;
-
-extern bool execute_uci_command(const string& cmd);
-extern void benchmark(int argc, char* argv[]);
-
-////
-//// Functions
-////
-
 int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
 
-  // Disable IO buffering
-  cout.rdbuf()->pubsetbuf(NULL, 0);
-  cin.rdbuf()->pubsetbuf(NULL, 0);
+  std::cout << engine_info() << std::endl;
 
-  // Startup initializations
-  init_bitboards();
-  init_uci_options();
-  Position::init_zobrist();
-  Position::init_piece_square_tables();
-  init_eval(1);
-  init_bitbases();
-  init_search();
-  init_threads();
+  UCI::init(Options);
+  Bitboards::init();
+  Position::init();
+  Bitbases::init_kpk();
+  Search::init();
+  Eval::init();
+  Threads.init();
+  TT.set_size(Options["Hash"]);
 
-#ifdef USE_CALLGRIND
-  CALLGRIND_START_INSTRUMENTATION;
-#endif
+  std::string args;
 
-  if (argc <= 1)
-  {
-      // Print copyright notice
-      cout << engine_name()
-           << " by Tord Romstad, Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski" << endl;
+  for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++)
+      args += std::string(argv[i]) + " ";
 
-      if (CpuHasPOPCNT)
-          cout << "Good! CPU has hardware POPCNT." << endl;
+  UCI::loop(args);
 
-      // Wait for a command from the user, and passes this command to
-      // execute_uci_command() and also intercepts EOF from stdin, by
-      // translating EOF to the "quit" command. This ensures that we
-      // exit gracefully if the GUI dies unexpectedly.
-      string cmd;
-
-      do {
-          // Wait for a command from stdin
-          if (!getline(cin, cmd))
-              cmd = "quit";
-
-      } while (execute_uci_command(cmd));
-  }
-  else // Process command line arguments
-  {
-      if (string(argv[1]) != "bench" || argc > 7)
-          cout << "Usage: stockfish bench [hash size = 128] [threads = 1] "
-               << "[limit = 12] [fen positions file = default] "
-               << "[depth, time, perft or node limited = depth]" << endl;
-      else
-          benchmark(argc, argv);
-  }
-
-  exit_threads();
-  quit_eval();
-  return 0;
+  Threads.exit();
 }

src/material.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,213 +17,174 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
+#include <algorithm>  // For std::min
 #include <cassert>
 #include <cstring>
-#include <map>
 
 #include "material.h"
 
 using namespace std;
 
-
-////
-//// Local definitions
-////
-
 namespace {
 
   // Values modified by Joona Kiiski
   const Value MidgameLimit = Value(15581);
   const Value EndgameLimit = Value(3998);
 
+  // Scale factors used when one side has no more pawns
+  const int NoPawnsSF[4] = { 6, 12, 32 };
+
   // Polynomial material balance parameters
-  const Value RedundantQueenPenalty = Value(320);
-  const Value RedundantRookPenalty  = Value(554);
+  const Value RedundantQueen = Value(320);
+  const Value RedundantRook  = Value(554);
 
-  const int LinearCoefficients[6] = { 1617, -162, -1172, -190, 105, 26 };
+  //                                  pair  pawn knight bishop rook queen
+  const int LinearCoefficients[6] = { 1617, -162, -1172, -190,  105,  26 };
 
-  const int QuadraticCoefficientsSameColor[][8] = {
-  { 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7 }, { 39, 2, 7, 7, 7, 7 }, { 35, 271, -4, 7, 7, 7 },
-  { 7, 25, 4, 7, 7, 7 }, { -27, -2, 46, 100, 56, 7 }, { 58, 29, 83, 148, -3, -25 } };
+  const int QuadraticCoefficientsSameColor[][PIECE_TYPE_NB] = {
+    // pair pawn knight bishop rook queen
+    {   7                               }, // Bishop pair
+    {  39,    2                         }, // Pawn
+    {  35,  271,  -4                    }, // Knight
+    {   7,  105,   4,    7              }, // Bishop
+    { -27,   -2,  46,   100,   56       }, // Rook
+    {  58,   29,  83,   148,   -3,  -25 }  // Queen
+  };
 
-  const int QuadraticCoefficientsOppositeColor[][8] = {
-  { 41, 41, 41, 41, 41, 41 }, { 37, 41, 41, 41, 41, 41 }, { 10, 62, 41, 41, 41, 41 },
-  { 57, 64, 39, 41, 41, 41 }, { 50, 40, 23, -22, 41, 41 }, { 106, 101, 3, 151, 171, 41 } };
-
-  typedef EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase EF;
-  typedef EndgameScalingFunctionBase SF;
-  typedef map<Key, EF*> EFMap;
-  typedef map<Key, SF*> SFMap;
+  const int QuadraticCoefficientsOppositeColor[][PIECE_TYPE_NB] = {
+    //           THEIR PIECES
+    // pair pawn knight bishop rook queen
+    {  41                               }, // Bishop pair
+    {  37,   41                         }, // Pawn
+    {  10,   62,  41                    }, // Knight      OUR PIECES
+    {  57,   64,  39,    41             }, // Bishop
+    {  50,   40,  23,   -22,   41       }, // Rook
+    { 106,  101,   3,   151,  171,   41 }  // Queen
+  };
 
   // Endgame evaluation and scaling functions accessed direcly and not through
   // the function maps because correspond to more then one material hash key.
-  EvaluationFunction<KmmKm> EvaluateKmmKm[] = { EvaluationFunction<KmmKm>(WHITE), EvaluationFunction<KmmKm>(BLACK) };
-  EvaluationFunction<KXK>   EvaluateKXK[]   = { EvaluationFunction<KXK>(WHITE),   EvaluationFunction<KXK>(BLACK) };
-  ScalingFunction<KBPsK>    ScaleKBPsK[]    = { ScalingFunction<KBPsK>(WHITE),    ScalingFunction<KBPsK>(BLACK) };
-  ScalingFunction<KQKRPs>   ScaleKQKRPs[]   = { ScalingFunction<KQKRPs>(WHITE),   ScalingFunction<KQKRPs>(BLACK) };
-  ScalingFunction<KPsK>     ScaleKPsK[]     = { ScalingFunction<KPsK>(WHITE),     ScalingFunction<KPsK>(BLACK) };
-  ScalingFunction<KPKP>     ScaleKPKP[]     = { ScalingFunction<KPKP>(WHITE),     ScalingFunction<KPKP>(BLACK) };
+  Endgame<KmmKm> EvaluateKmmKm[] = { Endgame<KmmKm>(WHITE), Endgame<KmmKm>(BLACK) };
+  Endgame<KXK>   EvaluateKXK[]   = { Endgame<KXK>(WHITE),   Endgame<KXK>(BLACK) };
+
+  Endgame<KBPsK>  ScaleKBPsK[]  = { Endgame<KBPsK>(WHITE),  Endgame<KBPsK>(BLACK) };
+  Endgame<KQKRPs> ScaleKQKRPs[] = { Endgame<KQKRPs>(WHITE), Endgame<KQKRPs>(BLACK) };
+  Endgame<KPsK>   ScaleKPsK[]   = { Endgame<KPsK>(WHITE),   Endgame<KPsK>(BLACK) };
+  Endgame<KPKP>   ScaleKPKP[]   = { Endgame<KPKP>(WHITE),   Endgame<KPKP>(BLACK) };
 
   // Helper templates used to detect a given material distribution
   template<Color Us> bool is_KXK(const Position& pos) {
     const Color Them = (Us == WHITE ? BLACK : WHITE);
-    return   pos.non_pawn_material(Them) == VALUE_ZERO
-          && pos.piece_count(Them, PAWN) == 0
-          && pos.non_pawn_material(Us)   >= RookValueMidgame;
+    return  !pos.count<PAWN>(Them)
+          && pos.non_pawn_material(Them) == VALUE_ZERO
+          && pos.non_pawn_material(Us) >= RookValueMg;
   }
 
-  template<Color Us> bool is_KBPsK(const Position& pos) {
-    return   pos.non_pawn_material(Us)   == BishopValueMidgame
-          && pos.piece_count(Us, BISHOP) == 1
-          && pos.piece_count(Us, PAWN)   >= 1;
+  template<Color Us> bool is_KBPsKs(const Position& pos) {
+    return   pos.non_pawn_material(Us) == BishopValueMg
+          && pos.count<BISHOP>(Us) == 1
+          && pos.count<PAWN  >(Us) >= 1;
   }
 
   template<Color Us> bool is_KQKRPs(const Position& pos) {
     const Color Them = (Us == WHITE ? BLACK : WHITE);
-    return   pos.piece_count(Us, PAWN)    == 0
-          && pos.non_pawn_material(Us)    == QueenValueMidgame
-          && pos.piece_count(Us, QUEEN)   == 1
-          && pos.piece_count(Them, ROOK)  == 1
-          && pos.piece_count(Them, PAWN)  >= 1;
+    return  !pos.count<PAWN>(Us)
+          && pos.non_pawn_material(Us) == QueenValueMg
+          && pos.count<QUEEN>(Us)  == 1
+          && pos.count<ROOK>(Them) == 1
+          && pos.count<PAWN>(Them) >= 1;
   }
-}
 
+  /// imbalance() calculates imbalance comparing piece count of each
+  /// piece type for both colors.
 
-////
-//// Classes
-////
+  template<Color Us>
+  int imbalance(const int pieceCount[][PIECE_TYPE_NB]) {
 
-/// EndgameFunctions class stores endgame evaluation and scaling functions
-/// in two std::map. Because STL library is not guaranteed to be thread
-/// safe even for read access, the maps, although with identical content,
-/// are replicated for each thread. This is faster then using locks.
+    const Color Them = (Us == WHITE ? BLACK : WHITE);
 
-class EndgameFunctions {
-public:
-  EndgameFunctions();
-  ~EndgameFunctions();
-  template<class T> T* get(Key key) const;
+    int pt1, pt2, pc, v;
+    int value = 0;
 
-private:
-  template<class T> void add(const string& keyCode);
+    // Redundancy of major pieces, formula based on Kaufman's paper
+    // "The Evaluation of Material Imbalances in Chess"
+    if (pieceCount[Us][ROOK] > 0)
+        value -=  RedundantRook * (pieceCount[Us][ROOK] - 1)
+                + RedundantQueen * pieceCount[Us][QUEEN];
 
-  static Key buildKey(const string& keyCode);
-  static const string swapColors(const string& keyCode);
+    // Second-degree polynomial material imbalance by Tord Romstad
+    for (pt1 = NO_PIECE_TYPE; pt1 <= QUEEN; pt1++)
+    {
+        pc = pieceCount[Us][pt1];
+        if (!pc)
+            continue;
 
-  // Here we store two maps, for evaluate and scaling functions...
-  pair<EFMap, SFMap> maps;
+        v = LinearCoefficients[pt1];
 
-  // ...and here is the accessing template function
-  template<typename T> const map<Key, T*>& get() const;
-};
+        for (pt2 = NO_PIECE_TYPE; pt2 <= pt1; pt2++)
+            v +=  QuadraticCoefficientsSameColor[pt1][pt2] * pieceCount[Us][pt2]
+                + QuadraticCoefficientsOppositeColor[pt1][pt2] * pieceCount[Them][pt2];
 
-// Explicit specializations of a member function shall be declared in
-// the namespace of which the class template is a member.
-template<> const EFMap& EndgameFunctions::get<EF>() const { return maps.first; }
-template<> const SFMap& EndgameFunctions::get<SF>() const { return maps.second; }
-
-
-////
-//// Functions
-////
-
-/// MaterialInfoTable c'tor and d'tor, called once by each thread
-
-MaterialInfoTable::MaterialInfoTable() {
-
-  entries = new MaterialInfo[MaterialTableSize];
-  funcs = new EndgameFunctions();
-
-  if (!entries || !funcs)
-  {
-      cerr << "Failed to allocate " << MaterialTableSize * sizeof(MaterialInfo)
-           << " bytes for material hash table." << endl;
-      exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+        value += pc * v;
+    }
+    return value;
   }
-  memset(entries, 0, MaterialTableSize * sizeof(MaterialInfo));
-}
 
-MaterialInfoTable::~MaterialInfoTable() {
+} // namespace
 
-  delete funcs;
-  delete [] entries;
-}
+namespace Material {
 
+/// Material::probe() takes a position object as input, looks up a MaterialEntry
+/// object, and returns a pointer to it. If the material configuration is not
+/// already present in the table, it is computed and stored there, so we don't
+/// have to recompute everything when the same material configuration occurs again.
 
-/// MaterialInfoTable::game_phase() calculates the phase given the current
-/// position. Because the phase is strictly a function of the material, it
-/// is stored in MaterialInfo.
+Entry* probe(const Position& pos, Table& entries, Endgames& endgames) {
 
-Phase MaterialInfoTable::game_phase(const Position& pos) {
+  Key key = pos.material_key();
+  Entry* e = entries[key];
 
-  Value npm = pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) + pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK);
-
-  if (npm >= MidgameLimit)
-      return PHASE_MIDGAME;
-
-  if (npm <= EndgameLimit)
-      return PHASE_ENDGAME;
-
-  return Phase(((npm - EndgameLimit) * 128) / (MidgameLimit - EndgameLimit));
-}
-
-/// MaterialInfoTable::get_material_info() takes a position object as input,
-/// computes or looks up a MaterialInfo object, and returns a pointer to it.
-/// If the material configuration is not already present in the table, it
-/// is stored there, so we don't have to recompute everything when the
-/// same material configuration occurs again.
-
-MaterialInfo* MaterialInfoTable::get_material_info(const Position& pos) {
-
-  Key key = pos.get_material_key();
-  unsigned index = unsigned(key & (MaterialTableSize - 1));
-  MaterialInfo* mi = entries + index;
-
-  // If mi->key matches the position's material hash key, it means that we
+  // If e->key matches the position's material hash key, it means that we
   // have analysed this material configuration before, and we can simply
   // return the information we found the last time instead of recomputing it.
-  if (mi->key == key)
-      return mi;
+  if (e->key == key)
+      return e;
 
-  // Clear the MaterialInfo object, and set its key
-  memset(mi, 0, sizeof(MaterialInfo));
-  mi->factor[WHITE] = mi->factor[BLACK] = uint8_t(SCALE_FACTOR_NORMAL);
-  mi->key = key;
-
-  // Store game phase
-  mi->gamePhase = MaterialInfoTable::game_phase(pos);
+  std::memset(e, 0, sizeof(Entry));
+  e->key = key;
+  e->factor[WHITE] = e->factor[BLACK] = (uint8_t)SCALE_FACTOR_NORMAL;
+  e->gamePhase = game_phase(pos);
 
   // Let's look if we have a specialized evaluation function for this
   // particular material configuration. First we look for a fixed
   // configuration one, then a generic one if previous search failed.
-  if ((mi->evaluationFunction = funcs->get<EF>(key)) != NULL)
-      return mi;
+  if (endgames.probe(key, e->evaluationFunction))
+      return e;
 
-  if (is_KXK<WHITE>(pos) || is_KXK<BLACK>(pos))
+  if (is_KXK<WHITE>(pos))
   {
-      mi->evaluationFunction = is_KXK<WHITE>(pos) ? &EvaluateKXK[WHITE] : &EvaluateKXK[BLACK];
-      return mi;
+      e->evaluationFunction = &EvaluateKXK[WHITE];
+      return e;
   }
 
-  if (   pos.pieces(PAWN)  == EmptyBoardBB
-      && pos.pieces(ROOK)  == EmptyBoardBB
-      && pos.pieces(QUEEN) == EmptyBoardBB)
+  if (is_KXK<BLACK>(pos))
+  {
+      e->evaluationFunction = &EvaluateKXK[BLACK];
+      return e;
+  }
+
+  if (!pos.pieces(PAWN) && !pos.pieces(ROOK) && !pos.pieces(QUEEN))
   {
       // Minor piece endgame with at least one minor piece per side and
       // no pawns. Note that the case KmmK is already handled by KXK.
-      assert((pos.pieces(KNIGHT, WHITE) | pos.pieces(BISHOP, WHITE)));
-      assert((pos.pieces(KNIGHT, BLACK) | pos.pieces(BISHOP, BLACK)));
+      assert((pos.pieces(WHITE, KNIGHT) | pos.pieces(WHITE, BISHOP)));
+      assert((pos.pieces(BLACK, KNIGHT) | pos.pieces(BLACK, BISHOP)));
 
-      if (   pos.piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP) + pos.piece_count(WHITE, KNIGHT) <= 2
-          && pos.piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP) + pos.piece_count(BLACK, KNIGHT) <= 2)
+      if (   pos.count<BISHOP>(WHITE) + pos.count<KNIGHT>(WHITE) <= 2
+          && pos.count<BISHOP>(BLACK) + pos.count<KNIGHT>(BLACK) <= 2)
       {
-          mi->evaluationFunction = &EvaluateKmmKm[WHITE];
-          return mi;
+          e->evaluationFunction = &EvaluateKmmKm[pos.side_to_move()];
+          return e;
       }
   }
 
@@ -232,204 +193,100 @@ MaterialInfo* MaterialInfoTable::get_material_info(const Position& pos) {
   //
   // We face problems when there are several conflicting applicable
   // scaling functions and we need to decide which one to use.
-  SF* sf;
+  EndgameBase<ScaleFactor>* sf;
 
-  if ((sf = funcs->get<SF>(key)) != NULL)
+  if (endgames.probe(key, sf))
   {
-      mi->scalingFunction[sf->color()] = sf;
-      return mi;
+      e->scalingFunction[sf->color()] = sf;
+      return e;
   }
 
   // Generic scaling functions that refer to more then one material
   // distribution. Should be probed after the specialized ones.
   // Note that these ones don't return after setting the function.
-  if (is_KBPsK<WHITE>(pos))
-      mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKBPsK[WHITE];
+  if (is_KBPsKs<WHITE>(pos))
+      e->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKBPsK[WHITE];
 
-  if (is_KBPsK<BLACK>(pos))
-      mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKBPsK[BLACK];
+  if (is_KBPsKs<BLACK>(pos))
+      e->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKBPsK[BLACK];
 
   if (is_KQKRPs<WHITE>(pos))
-      mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKQKRPs[WHITE];
+      e->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKQKRPs[WHITE];
 
   else if (is_KQKRPs<BLACK>(pos))
-      mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKQKRPs[BLACK];
+      e->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKQKRPs[BLACK];
 
-  if (pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) + pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK) == VALUE_ZERO)
+  Value npm_w = pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE);
+  Value npm_b = pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK);
+
+  if (npm_w + npm_b == VALUE_ZERO)
   {
-      if (pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) == 0)
+      if (!pos.count<PAWN>(BLACK))
       {
-          assert(pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) >= 2);
-          mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKPsK[WHITE];
+          assert(pos.count<PAWN>(WHITE) >= 2);
+          e->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKPsK[WHITE];
       }
-      else if (pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) == 0)
+      else if (!pos.count<PAWN>(WHITE))
       {
-          assert(pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) >= 2);
-          mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKPsK[BLACK];
+          assert(pos.count<PAWN>(BLACK) >= 2);
+          e->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKPsK[BLACK];
       }
-      else if (pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) == 1 && pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) == 1)
+      else if (pos.count<PAWN>(WHITE) == 1 && pos.count<PAWN>(BLACK) == 1)
       {
           // This is a special case because we set scaling functions
           // for both colors instead of only one.
-          mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKPKP[WHITE];
-          mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKPKP[BLACK];
+          e->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKPKP[WHITE];
+          e->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKPKP[BLACK];
       }
   }
 
+  // No pawns makes it difficult to win, even with a material advantage
+  if (!pos.count<PAWN>(WHITE) && npm_w - npm_b <= BishopValueMg)
+  {
+      e->factor[WHITE] = (uint8_t)
+      (npm_w == npm_b || npm_w < RookValueMg ? 0 : NoPawnsSF[std::min(pos.count<BISHOP>(WHITE), 2)]);
+  }
+
+  if (!pos.count<PAWN>(BLACK) && npm_b - npm_w <= BishopValueMg)
+  {
+      e->factor[BLACK] = (uint8_t)
+      (npm_w == npm_b || npm_b < RookValueMg ? 0 : NoPawnsSF[std::min(pos.count<BISHOP>(BLACK), 2)]);
+  }
+
   // Compute the space weight
-  if (pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) + pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK) >=
-      2*QueenValueMidgame + 4*RookValueMidgame + 2*KnightValueMidgame)
+  if (npm_w + npm_b >= 2 * QueenValueMg + 4 * RookValueMg + 2 * KnightValueMg)
   {
-      int minorPieceCount =  pos.piece_count(WHITE, KNIGHT)
-                           + pos.piece_count(BLACK, KNIGHT)
-                           + pos.piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP)
-                           + pos.piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP);
+      int minorPieceCount =  pos.count<KNIGHT>(WHITE) + pos.count<BISHOP>(WHITE)
+                           + pos.count<KNIGHT>(BLACK) + pos.count<BISHOP>(BLACK);
 
-      mi->spaceWeight = minorPieceCount * minorPieceCount;
+      e->spaceWeight = make_score(minorPieceCount * minorPieceCount, 0);
   }
 
-  // Evaluate the material balance
-  const int pieceCount[2][8] = {
-  { pos.piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP) > 1, pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN), pos.piece_count(WHITE, KNIGHT),
-    pos.piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP), pos.piece_count(WHITE, ROOK), pos.piece_count(WHITE, QUEEN) },
-  { pos.piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP) > 1, pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN), pos.piece_count(BLACK, KNIGHT),
-    pos.piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP), pos.piece_count(BLACK, ROOK), pos.piece_count(BLACK, QUEEN) } };
+  // Evaluate the material imbalance. We use PIECE_TYPE_NONE as a place holder
+  // for the bishop pair "extended piece", this allow us to be more flexible
+  // in defining bishop pair bonuses.
+  const int pieceCount[COLOR_NB][PIECE_TYPE_NB] = {
+  { pos.count<BISHOP>(WHITE) > 1, pos.count<PAWN>(WHITE), pos.count<KNIGHT>(WHITE),
+    pos.count<BISHOP>(WHITE)    , pos.count<ROOK>(WHITE), pos.count<QUEEN >(WHITE) },
+  { pos.count<BISHOP>(BLACK) > 1, pos.count<PAWN>(BLACK), pos.count<KNIGHT>(BLACK),
+    pos.count<BISHOP>(BLACK)    , pos.count<ROOK>(BLACK), pos.count<QUEEN >(BLACK) } };
 
-  Color c, them;
-  int sign, pt1, pt2, pc;
-  int v, vv, matValue = 0;
-
-  for (c = WHITE, sign = 1; c <= BLACK; c++, sign = -sign)
-  {
-    // No pawns makes it difficult to win, even with a material advantage
-    if (   pos.piece_count(c, PAWN) == 0
-        && pos.non_pawn_material(c) - pos.non_pawn_material(opposite_color(c)) <= BishopValueMidgame)
-    {
-        if (   pos.non_pawn_material(c) == pos.non_pawn_material(opposite_color(c))
-            || pos.non_pawn_material(c) < RookValueMidgame)
-            mi->factor[c] = 0;
-        else
-        {
-            switch (pos.piece_count(c, BISHOP)) {
-            case 2:
-                mi->factor[c] = 32;
-                break;
-            case 1:
-                mi->factor[c] = 12;
-                break;
-            case 0:
-                mi->factor[c] = 6;
-                break;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    // Redundancy of major pieces, formula based on Kaufman's paper
-    // "The Evaluation of Material Imbalances in Chess"
-    // http://mywebpages.comcast.net/danheisman/Articles/evaluation_of_material_imbalance.htm
-    if (pieceCount[c][ROOK] >= 1)
-        matValue -= sign * ((pieceCount[c][ROOK] - 1) * RedundantRookPenalty + pieceCount[c][QUEEN] * RedundantQueenPenalty);
-
-    them = opposite_color(c);
-    v = 0;
-
-    // Second-degree polynomial material imbalance by Tord Romstad
-    //
-    // We use PIECE_TYPE_NONE as a place holder for the bishop pair "extended piece",
-    // this allow us to be more flexible in defining bishop pair bonuses.
-    for (pt1 = PIECE_TYPE_NONE; pt1 <= QUEEN; pt1++)
-    {
-        pc = pieceCount[c][pt1];
-        if (!pc)
-            continue;
-
-        vv = LinearCoefficients[pt1];
-
-        for (pt2 = PIECE_TYPE_NONE; pt2 <= pt1; pt2++)
-            vv +=  pieceCount[c][pt2] * QuadraticCoefficientsSameColor[pt1][pt2]
-                 + pieceCount[them][pt2] * QuadraticCoefficientsOppositeColor[pt1][pt2];
-
-        v += pc * vv;
-    }
-    matValue += sign * v;
-  }
-  mi->value = int16_t(matValue / 16);
-  return mi;
+  e->value = (int16_t)((imbalance<WHITE>(pieceCount) - imbalance<BLACK>(pieceCount)) / 16);
+  return e;
 }
 
 
-/// EndgameFunctions member definitions
+/// Material::game_phase() calculates the phase given the current
+/// position. Because the phase is strictly a function of the material, it
+/// is stored in MaterialEntry.
 
-EndgameFunctions::EndgameFunctions() {
+Phase game_phase(const Position& pos) {
 
-  add<EvaluationFunction<KNNK>  >("KNNK");
-  add<EvaluationFunction<KPK>   >("KPK");
-  add<EvaluationFunction<KBNK>  >("KBNK");
-  add<EvaluationFunction<KRKP>  >("KRKP");
-  add<EvaluationFunction<KRKB>  >("KRKB");
-  add<EvaluationFunction<KRKN>  >("KRKN");
-  add<EvaluationFunction<KQKR>  >("KQKR");
-  add<EvaluationFunction<KBBKN> >("KBBKN");
+  Value npm = pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) + pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK);
 
-  add<ScalingFunction<KNPK>    >("KNPK");
-  add<ScalingFunction<KRPKR>   >("KRPKR");
-  add<ScalingFunction<KBPKB>   >("KBPKB");
-  add<ScalingFunction<KBPPKB>  >("KBPPKB");
-  add<ScalingFunction<KBPKN>   >("KBPKN");
-  add<ScalingFunction<KRPPKRP> >("KRPPKRP");
+  return  npm >= MidgameLimit ? PHASE_MIDGAME
+        : npm <= EndgameLimit ? PHASE_ENDGAME
+        : Phase(((npm - EndgameLimit) * 128) / (MidgameLimit - EndgameLimit));
 }
 
-EndgameFunctions::~EndgameFunctions() {
-
-    for (EFMap::const_iterator it = maps.first.begin(); it != maps.first.end(); ++it)
-        delete it->second;
-
-    for (SFMap::const_iterator it = maps.second.begin(); it != maps.second.end(); ++it)
-        delete it->second;
-}
-
-Key EndgameFunctions::buildKey(const string& keyCode) {
-
-    assert(keyCode.length() > 0 && keyCode.length() < 8);
-    assert(keyCode[0] == 'K');
-
-    string fen;
-    bool upcase = false;
-
-    // Build up a fen string with the given pieces, note that
-    // the fen string could be of an illegal position.
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < keyCode.length(); i++)
-    {
-        if (keyCode[i] == 'K')
-            upcase = !upcase;
-
-        fen += char(upcase ? toupper(keyCode[i]) : tolower(keyCode[i]));
-    }
-    fen += char(8 - keyCode.length() + '0');
-    fen += "/8/8/8/8/8/8/8 w - -";
-    return Position(fen, 0).get_material_key();
-}
-
-const string EndgameFunctions::swapColors(const string& keyCode) {
-
-    // Build corresponding key for the opposite color: "KBPKN" -> "KNKBP"
-    size_t idx = keyCode.find('K', 1);
-    return keyCode.substr(idx) + keyCode.substr(0, idx);
-}
-
-template<class T>
-void EndgameFunctions::add(const string& keyCode) {
-
-  typedef typename T::Base F;
-  typedef map<Key, F*> M;
-
-  const_cast<M&>(get<F>()).insert(pair<Key, F*>(buildKey(keyCode), new T(WHITE)));
-  const_cast<M&>(get<F>()).insert(pair<Key, F*>(buildKey(swapColors(keyCode)), new T(BLACK)));
-}
-
-template<class T>
-T* EndgameFunctions::get(Key key) const {
-
-  typename map<Key, T*>::const_iterator it = get<T>().find(key);
-  return it != get<T>().end() ? it->second : NULL;
-}
+} // namespace Material

src/material.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,146 +17,61 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-
-#if !defined(MATERIAL_H_INCLUDED)
+#ifndef MATERIAL_H_INCLUDED
 #define MATERIAL_H_INCLUDED
 
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
 #include "endgame.h"
+#include "misc.h"
 #include "position.h"
+#include "types.h"
 
+namespace Material {
 
-////
-//// Types
-////
-
-const int MaterialTableSize = 1024;
-
-/// MaterialInfo is a class which contains various information about a
-/// material configuration. It contains a material balance evaluation,
-/// a function pointer to a special endgame evaluation function (which in
-/// most cases is NULL, meaning that the standard evaluation function will
-/// be used), and "scale factors" for black and white.
+/// Material::Entry contains various information about a material configuration.
+/// It contains a material balance evaluation, a function pointer to a special
+/// endgame evaluation function (which in most cases is NULL, meaning that the
+/// standard evaluation function will be used), and "scale factors".
 ///
 /// The scale factors are used to scale the evaluation score up or down.
 /// For instance, in KRB vs KR endgames, the score is scaled down by a factor
 /// of 4, which will result in scores of absolute value less than one pawn.
 
-class MaterialInfo {
+struct Entry {
 
-  friend class MaterialInfoTable;
-
-public:
-  Score material_value() const;
+  Score material_value() const { return make_score(value, value); }
+  Score space_weight() const { return spaceWeight; }
+  Phase game_phase() const { return gamePhase; }
+  bool specialized_eval_exists() const { return evaluationFunction != NULL; }
+  Value evaluate(const Position& p) const { return (*evaluationFunction)(p); }
   ScaleFactor scale_factor(const Position& pos, Color c) const;
-  int space_weight() const;
-  Phase game_phase() const;
-  bool specialized_eval_exists() const;
-  Value evaluate(const Position& pos) const;
 
-private:
   Key key;
   int16_t value;
-  uint8_t factor[2];
-  EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase* evaluationFunction;
-  EndgameScalingFunctionBase* scalingFunction[2];
-  int spaceWeight;
+  uint8_t factor[COLOR_NB];
+  EndgameBase<Value>* evaluationFunction;
+  EndgameBase<ScaleFactor>* scalingFunction[COLOR_NB];
+  Score spaceWeight;
   Phase gamePhase;
 };
 
-/// The MaterialInfoTable class represents a pawn hash table. It is basically
-/// just an array of MaterialInfo objects and a few methods for accessing these
-/// objects. The most important method is get_material_info, which looks up a
-/// position in the table and returns a pointer to a MaterialInfo object.
-class EndgameFunctions;
+typedef HashTable<Entry, 8192> Table;
 
-class MaterialInfoTable {
+Entry* probe(const Position& pos, Table& entries, Endgames& endgames);
+Phase game_phase(const Position& pos);
 
-  MaterialInfoTable(const MaterialInfoTable&);
-  MaterialInfoTable& operator=(const MaterialInfoTable&);
-
-public:
-  MaterialInfoTable();
-  ~MaterialInfoTable();
-  MaterialInfo* get_material_info(const Position& pos);
-
-  static Phase game_phase(const Position& pos);
-
-private:
-  MaterialInfo* entries;
-  EndgameFunctions* funcs;
-};
-
-
-////
-//// Inline functions
-////
-
-
-/// MaterialInfo::material_value simply returns the material balance
-/// evaluation that is independent from game phase.
-
-inline Score MaterialInfo::material_value() const {
-
-  return make_score(value, value);
-}
-
-/// MaterialInfo::scale_factor takes a position and a color as input, and
+/// Material::scale_factor takes a position and a color as input, and
 /// returns a scale factor for the given color. We have to provide the
 /// position in addition to the color, because the scale factor need not
 /// to be a constant: It can also be a function which should be applied to
 /// the position. For instance, in KBP vs K endgames, a scaling function
 /// which checks for draws with rook pawns and wrong-colored bishops.
 
-inline ScaleFactor MaterialInfo::scale_factor(const Position& pos, Color c) const {
+inline ScaleFactor Entry::scale_factor(const Position& pos, Color c) const {
 
-  if (scalingFunction[c] != NULL)
-  {
-      ScaleFactor sf = scalingFunction[c]->apply(pos);
-      if (sf != SCALE_FACTOR_NONE)
-          return sf;
-  }
-  return ScaleFactor(factor[c]);
+  return !scalingFunction[c] || (*scalingFunction[c])(pos) == SCALE_FACTOR_NONE
+        ? ScaleFactor(factor[c]) : (*scalingFunction[c])(pos);
 }
 
-
-/// MaterialInfo::space_weight() simply returns the weight for the space
-/// evaluation for this material configuration.
-
-inline int MaterialInfo::space_weight() const {
-
-  return spaceWeight;
 }
 
-/// MaterialInfo::game_phase() returns the game phase according
-/// to this material configuration.
-
-inline Phase MaterialInfo::game_phase() const {
-
-  return gamePhase;
-}
-
-
-/// MaterialInfo::specialized_eval_exists decides whether there is a
-/// specialized evaluation function for the current material configuration,
-/// or if the normal evaluation function should be used.
-
-inline bool MaterialInfo::specialized_eval_exists() const {
-
-  return evaluationFunction != NULL;
-}
-
-
-/// MaterialInfo::evaluate applies a specialized evaluation function
-/// to a given position object. It should only be called when
-/// specialized_eval_exists() returns 'true'.
-
-inline Value MaterialInfo::evaluate(const Position& pos) const {
-
-  return evaluationFunction->apply(pos);
-}
-
-#endif // !defined(MATERIAL_H_INCLUDED)
+#endif // #ifndef MATERIAL_H_INCLUDED

src/misc.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,274 +17,188 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
-#if !defined(_MSC_VER)
-
-#  include <sys/time.h>
-#  include <sys/types.h>
-#  include <unistd.h>
-#  if defined(__hpux)
-#     include <sys/pstat.h>
-#  endif
-
-#else
-
-#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_DEPRECATE
-#include <windows.h>
-#include <sys/timeb.h>
-
-#endif
-
-#if !defined(NO_PREFETCH)
-#  include <xmmintrin.h>
-#endif
-
-#include <cassert>
-#include <cstdio>
 #include <iomanip>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <sstream>
 
-#include "bitcount.h"
 #include "misc.h"
 #include "thread.h"
 
 using namespace std;
 
-/// Version number. If this is left empty, the current date (in the format
-/// YYMMDD) is used as a version number.
-
-static const string EngineVersion = "2.0";
-static const string AppName = "Stockfish";
-static const string AppTag  = "";
+/// Version number. If Version is left empty, then compile date, in the
+/// format DD-MM-YY, is shown in engine_info.
+static const string Version = "4";
 
 
-////
-//// Variables
-////
+/// engine_info() returns the full name of the current Stockfish version. This
+/// will be either "Stockfish <Tag> DD-MM-YY" (where DD-MM-YY is the date when
+/// the program was compiled) or "Stockfish <Version>", depending on whether
+/// Version is empty.
 
-static uint64_t dbg_cnt0 = 0;
-static uint64_t dbg_cnt1 = 0;
-
-bool dbg_show_mean = false;
-bool dbg_show_hit_rate = false;
-
-
-////
-//// Functions
-////
-
-void dbg_hit_on(bool b) {
-
-    assert(!dbg_show_mean);
-    dbg_show_hit_rate = true;
-    dbg_cnt0++;
-    if (b)
-        dbg_cnt1++;
-}
-
-void dbg_hit_on_c(bool c, bool b) {
-
-    if (c)
-        dbg_hit_on(b);
-}
-
-void dbg_before() {
-
-    assert(!dbg_show_mean);
-    dbg_show_hit_rate = true;
-    dbg_cnt0++;
-}
-
-void dbg_after() {
-
-    assert(!dbg_show_mean);
-    dbg_show_hit_rate = true;
-    dbg_cnt1++;
-}
-
-void dbg_mean_of(int v) {
-
-    assert(!dbg_show_hit_rate);
-    dbg_show_mean = true;
-    dbg_cnt0++;
-    dbg_cnt1 += v;
-}
-
-void dbg_print_hit_rate() {
-
-  cout << "Total " << dbg_cnt0 << " Hit " << dbg_cnt1
-       << " hit rate (%) " << (dbg_cnt1*100)/(dbg_cnt0 ? dbg_cnt0 : 1) << endl;
-}
-
-void dbg_print_mean() {
-
-  cout << "Total " << dbg_cnt0 << " Mean "
-       << (float)dbg_cnt1 / (dbg_cnt0 ? dbg_cnt0 : 1) << endl;
-}
-
-
-/// engine_name() returns the full name of the current Stockfish version.
-/// This will be either "Stockfish YYMMDD" (where YYMMDD is the date when
-/// the program was compiled) or "Stockfish <version number>", depending
-/// on whether the constant EngineVersion (defined in misc.h) is empty.
-
-const string engine_name() {
+const string engine_info(bool to_uci) {
 
   const string months("Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec");
-  const string cpu64(CpuIs64Bit ? " 64bit" : "");
-
-  if (!EngineVersion.empty())
-      return AppName + " " + EngineVersion + cpu64;
-
-  stringstream s, date(__DATE__); // From compiler, format is "Sep 21 2008"
   string month, day, year;
+  stringstream s, date(__DATE__); // From compiler, format is "Sep 21 2008"
 
-  date >> month >> day >> year;
+  s << "Stockfish " << Version << setfill('0');
 
-  s << setfill('0') << AppName + " " + AppTag + " "
-    << year.substr(2, 2) << setw(2)
-    << (1 + months.find(month) / 4) << setw(2)
-    << day << cpu64;
+  if (Version.empty())
+  {
+      date >> month >> day >> year;
+      s << setw(2) << day << setw(2) << (1 + months.find(month) / 4) << year.substr(2);
+  }
+
+  s << (Is64Bit ? " 64" : "")
+    << (HasPopCnt ? " SSE4.2" : "")
+    << (to_uci ? "\nid author ": " by ")
+    << "Tord Romstad, Marco Costalba and Joona Kiiski";
 
   return s.str();
 }
 
 
-/// get_system_time() returns the current system time, measured in
-/// milliseconds.
+/// Debug functions used mainly to collect run-time statistics
 
-int get_system_time() {
+static uint64_t hits[2], means[2];
 
-#if defined(_MSC_VER)
-    struct _timeb t;
-    _ftime(&t);
-    return int(t.time*1000 + t.millitm);
-#else
-    struct timeval t;
-    gettimeofday(&t, NULL);
-    return t.tv_sec*1000 + t.tv_usec/1000;
-#endif
+void dbg_hit_on(bool b) { hits[0]++; if (b) hits[1]++; }
+void dbg_hit_on_c(bool c, bool b) { if (c) dbg_hit_on(b); }
+void dbg_mean_of(int v) { means[0]++; means[1] += v; }
+
+void dbg_print() {
+
+  if (hits[0])
+      cerr << "Total " << hits[0] << " Hits " << hits[1]
+           << " hit rate (%) " << 100 * hits[1] / hits[0] << endl;
+
+  if (means[0])
+      cerr << "Total " << means[0] << " Mean "
+           << (float)means[1] / means[0] << endl;
 }
 
 
-/// cpu_count() tries to detect the number of CPU cores.
+/// Our fancy logging facility. The trick here is to replace cin.rdbuf() and
+/// cout.rdbuf() with two Tie objects that tie cin and cout to a file stream. We
+/// can toggle the logging of std::cout and std:cin at runtime while preserving
+/// usual i/o functionality and without changing a single line of code!
+/// Idea from http://groups.google.com/group/comp.lang.c++/msg/1d941c0f26ea0d81
 
-#if !defined(_MSC_VER)
+struct Tie: public streambuf { // MSVC requires splitted streambuf for cin and cout
 
-#  if defined(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN)
-int cpu_count() {
-  return Min(sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN), MAX_THREADS);
-}
-#  elif defined(__hpux)
-int cpu_count() {
-  struct pst_dynamic psd;
-  if (pstat_getdynamic(&psd, sizeof(psd), (size_t)1, 0) == -1)
-      return 1;
+  Tie(streambuf* b, ofstream* f) : buf(b), file(f) {}
 
-  return Min(psd.psd_proc_cnt, MAX_THREADS);
-}
-#  else
-int cpu_count() {
-  return 1;
-}
-#  endif
+  int sync() { return file->rdbuf()->pubsync(), buf->pubsync(); }
+  int overflow(int c) { return log(buf->sputc((char)c), "<< "); }
+  int underflow() { return buf->sgetc(); }
+  int uflow() { return log(buf->sbumpc(), ">> "); }
 
-#else
+  streambuf* buf;
+  ofstream* file;
 
-int cpu_count() {
-  SYSTEM_INFO s;
-  GetSystemInfo(&s);
-  return Min(s.dwNumberOfProcessors, MAX_THREADS);
-}
+  int log(int c, const char* prefix) {
 
-#endif
+    static int last = '\n';
 
+    if (last == '\n')
+        file->rdbuf()->sputn(prefix, 3);
 
-/// Check for console input. Original code from Beowulf and Olithink
+    return last = file->rdbuf()->sputc((char)c);
+  }
+};
 
-#ifndef _WIN32
+class Logger {
 
-int data_available()
-{
-  fd_set readfds;
-  struct timeval  timeout;
+  Logger() : in(cin.rdbuf(), &file), out(cout.rdbuf(), &file) {}
+ ~Logger() { start(false); }
 
-  FD_ZERO(&readfds);
-  FD_SET(fileno(stdin), &readfds);
-  timeout.tv_sec = 0; // Set to timeout immediately
-  timeout.tv_usec = 0;
-  select(16, &readfds, 0, 0, &timeout);
+  ofstream file;
+  Tie in, out;
 
-  return (FD_ISSET(fileno(stdin), &readfds));
-}
+public:
+  static void start(bool b) {
 
-#else
+    static Logger l;
 
-int data_available()
-{
-    static HANDLE inh = NULL;
-    static bool usePipe;
-    INPUT_RECORD rec[256];
-    DWORD dw, recCnt;
-
-    if (!inh)
+    if (b && !l.file.is_open())
     {
-        inh = GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);
-        usePipe = !GetConsoleMode(inh, &dw);
-        if (!usePipe)
-        {
-            SetConsoleMode(inh, dw & ~(ENABLE_MOUSE_INPUT | ENABLE_WINDOW_INPUT));
-            FlushConsoleInputBuffer(inh);
-        }
+        l.file.open("io_log.txt", ifstream::out | ifstream::app);
+        cin.rdbuf(&l.in);
+        cout.rdbuf(&l.out);
     }
+    else if (!b && l.file.is_open())
+    {
+        cout.rdbuf(l.out.buf);
+        cin.rdbuf(l.in.buf);
+        l.file.close();
+    }
+  }
+};
 
-    // If we're running under XBoard then we can't use PeekConsoleInput() as
-    // the input commands are sent to us directly over the internal pipe.
-    if (usePipe)
-        return PeekNamedPipe(inh, NULL, 0, NULL, &dw, NULL) ? dw : 1;
 
-    // Count the number of unread input records, including keyboard,
-    // mouse, and window-resizing input records.
-    GetNumberOfConsoleInputEvents(inh, &dw);
+/// Used to serialize access to std::cout to avoid multiple threads to write at
+/// the same time.
 
-    // Read data from console without removing it from the buffer
-    if (dw <= 0 || !PeekConsoleInput(inh, rec, Min(dw, 256), &recCnt))
-        return 0;
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, SyncCout sc) {
 
-    // Search for at least one keyboard event
-    for (DWORD i = 0; i < recCnt; i++)
-        if (rec[i].EventType == KEY_EVENT)
-            return 1;
+  static Mutex m;
 
-    return 0;
+  if (sc == io_lock)
+      m.lock();
+
+  if (sc == io_unlock)
+      m.unlock();
+
+  return os;
 }
 
+
+/// Trampoline helper to avoid moving Logger to misc.h
+void start_logger(bool b) { Logger::start(b); }
+
+
+/// timed_wait() waits for msec milliseconds. It is mainly an helper to wrap
+/// conversion from milliseconds to struct timespec, as used by pthreads.
+
+void timed_wait(WaitCondition& sleepCond, Lock& sleepLock, int msec) {
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  int tm = msec;
+#else
+  timespec ts, *tm = &ts;
+  uint64_t ms = Time::now() + msec;
+
+  ts.tv_sec = ms / 1000;
+  ts.tv_nsec = (ms % 1000) * 1000000LL;
 #endif
 
+  cond_timedwait(sleepCond, sleepLock, tm);
+}
+
 
 /// prefetch() preloads the given address in L1/L2 cache. This is a non
 /// blocking function and do not stalls the CPU waiting for data to be
-/// loaded from RAM, that can be very slow.
-#if defined(NO_PREFETCH)
+/// loaded from memory, that can be quite slow.
+#ifdef NO_PREFETCH
+
 void prefetch(char*) {}
+
 #else
 
 void prefetch(char* addr) {
 
-#if defined(__INTEL_COMPILER) || defined(__ICL)
+#  if defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
    // This hack prevents prefetches to be optimized away by
    // Intel compiler. Both MSVC and gcc seems not affected.
    __asm__ ("");
-#endif
+#  endif
 
-  _mm_prefetch(addr, _MM_HINT_T2);
-  _mm_prefetch(addr+64, _MM_HINT_T2); // 64 bytes ahead
+#  if defined(__INTEL_COMPILER) || defined(_MSC_VER)
+  _mm_prefetch(addr, _MM_HINT_T0);
+#  else
+  __builtin_prefetch(addr);
+#  endif
 }
 
 #endif
-

src/misc.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,53 +17,52 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-
-#if !defined(MISC_H_INCLUDED)
+#ifndef MISC_H_INCLUDED
 #define MISC_H_INCLUDED
 
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
 #include <fstream>
 #include <string>
+#include <vector>
 
 #include "types.h"
 
-////
-//// Macros
-////
-
-#define Min(x, y) (((x) < (y))? (x) : (y))
-#define Max(x, y) (((x) < (y))? (y) : (x))
-
-
-////
-//// Prototypes
-////
-
-extern const std::string engine_name();
-extern int get_system_time();
-extern int cpu_count();
-extern int data_available();
+extern const std::string engine_info(bool to_uci = false);
+extern void timed_wait(WaitCondition&, Lock&, int);
 extern void prefetch(char* addr);
-extern void prefetchPawn(Key, int);
-
-
-////
-//// Debug
-////
-
-extern bool dbg_show_mean;
-extern bool dbg_show_hit_rate;
+extern void start_logger(bool b);
 
 extern void dbg_hit_on(bool b);
 extern void dbg_hit_on_c(bool c, bool b);
-extern void dbg_before();
-extern void dbg_after();
 extern void dbg_mean_of(int v);
-extern void dbg_print_hit_rate();
-extern void dbg_print_mean();
+extern void dbg_print();
 
-#endif // !defined(MISC_H_INCLUDED)
+
+struct Log : public std::ofstream {
+  Log(const std::string& f = "log.txt") : std::ofstream(f.c_str(), std::ios::out | std::ios::app) {}
+ ~Log() { if (is_open()) close(); }
+};
+
+
+namespace Time {
+  typedef int64_t point;
+  inline point now() { return system_time_to_msec(); }
+}
+
+
+template<class Entry, int Size>
+struct HashTable {
+  HashTable() : e(Size, Entry()) {}
+  Entry* operator[](Key k) { return &e[(uint32_t)k & (Size - 1)]; }
+
+private:
+  std::vector<Entry> e;
+};
+
+
+enum SyncCout { io_lock, io_unlock };
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream&, SyncCout);
+
+#define sync_cout std::cout << io_lock
+#define sync_endl std::endl << io_unlock
+
+#endif // #ifndef MISC_H_INCLUDED

src/move.cpp

@@ -1,152 +0,0 @@
-/*
-  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
-  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
-
-  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-  (at your option) any later version.
-
-  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-  GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-*/
-
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
-#include <cassert>
-#include <cctype>
-
-#include "move.h"
-#include "piece.h"
-#include "position.h"
-
-
-////
-//// Functions
-////
-
-/// move_from_uci() takes a position and a string as input, and attempts to
-/// convert the string to a move, using simple coordinate notation (g1f3,
-/// a7a8q, etc.). In order to correctly parse en passant captures and castling
-/// moves, we need the position. This function is not robust, and expects that
-/// the input move is legal and correctly formatted.
-
-Move move_from_uci(const Position& pos, const std::string& str) {
-
-  Square from, to;
-  Piece piece;
-  Color us = pos.side_to_move();
-
-  if (str.length() < 4)
-      return MOVE_NONE;
-
-  // Read the from and to squares
-  from = make_square(file_from_char(str[0]), rank_from_char(str[1]));
-  to   = make_square(file_from_char(str[2]), rank_from_char(str[3]));
-
-  // Find the moving piece
-  piece = pos.piece_on(from);
-
-  // If the string has more than 4 characters, try to interpret the 5th
-  // character as a promotion.
-  if (str.length() > 4 && piece == piece_of_color_and_type(us, PAWN))
-  {
-      switch (tolower(str[4])) {
-      case 'n':
-          return make_promotion_move(from, to, KNIGHT);
-      case 'b':
-          return make_promotion_move(from, to, BISHOP);
-      case 'r':
-          return make_promotion_move(from, to, ROOK);
-      case 'q':
-          return make_promotion_move(from, to, QUEEN);
-      }
-  }
-
-  // En passant move? We assume that a pawn move is an en passant move
-  // if the destination square is epSquare.
-  if (to == pos.ep_square() && piece == piece_of_color_and_type(us, PAWN))
-      return make_ep_move(from, to);
-
-  // Is this a castling move? A king move is assumed to be a castling move
-  // if the destination square is occupied by a friendly rook, or if the
-  // distance between the source and destination squares is more than 1.
-  if (piece == piece_of_color_and_type(us, KING))
-  {
-      if (pos.piece_on(to) == piece_of_color_and_type(us, ROOK))
-          return make_castle_move(from, to);
-
-      if (square_distance(from, to) > 1)
-      {
-          // This is a castling move, but we have to translate it to the
-          // internal "king captures rook" representation.
-          SquareDelta delta = (to > from ? DELTA_E : DELTA_W);
-          Square s = from;
-
-          do s += delta;
-          while (   pos.piece_on(s) != piece_of_color_and_type(us, ROOK)
-                 && relative_rank(us, s) == RANK_1);
-
-          return relative_rank(us, s) == RANK_1 ? make_castle_move(from, s) : MOVE_NONE;
-      }
-  }
-
-  return make_move(from, to);
-}
-
-
-/// move_to_uci() converts a move to a string in coordinate notation
-/// (g1f3, a7a8q, etc.). The only special case is castling moves, where we
-/// print in the e1g1 notation in normal chess mode, and in e1h1 notation in
-/// Chess960 mode.
-
-const std::string move_to_uci(Move move, bool chess960) {
-
-  std::string str;
-  Square from = move_from(move);
-  Square to = move_to(move);
-
-  if (move == MOVE_NONE)
-      str = "(none)";
-  else if (move == MOVE_NULL)
-      str = "0000";
-  else
-  {
-      if (move_is_short_castle(move) && !chess960)
-          return (from == SQ_E1 ? "e1g1" : "e8g8");
-
-      if (move_is_long_castle(move) && !chess960)
-          return (from == SQ_E1 ? "e1c1" : "e8c8");
-
-      str = square_to_string(from) + square_to_string(to);
-      if (move_is_promotion(move))
-          str += char(tolower(piece_type_to_char(move_promotion_piece(move))));
-  }
-  return str;
-}
-
-
-/// Overload the << operator, to make it easier to print moves.
-
-std::ostream& operator << (std::ostream& os, Move m) {
-
-  bool chess960 = (os.iword(0) != 0); // See set960()
-  return os << move_to_uci(m, chess960);
-}
-
-
-/// move_is_ok(), for debugging.
-
-bool move_is_ok(Move m) {
-
-  return square_is_ok(move_from(m)) && square_is_ok(move_to(m));
-}

src/move.h

@@ -1,211 +0,0 @@
-/*
-  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
-  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
-
-  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-  (at your option) any later version.
-
-  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-  GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-*/
-
-
-#if !defined(MOVE_H_INCLUDED)
-#define MOVE_H_INCLUDED
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
-#include <iostream>
-
-#include "misc.h"
-#include "piece.h"
-#include "square.h"
-
-// Maximum number of allowed moves per position
-const int MOVES_MAX = 256;
-
-////
-//// Types
-////
-
-class Position;
-
-/// A move needs 17 bits to be stored
-///
-/// bit  0- 5: destination square (from 0 to 63)
-/// bit  6-11: origin square (from 0 to 63)
-/// bit 12-14: promotion piece type
-/// bit    15: en passant flag
-/// bit    16: castle flag
-///
-/// Special cases are MOVE_NONE and MOVE_NULL. We can sneak these in
-/// because in any normal move destination square is always different
-/// from origin square while MOVE_NONE and MOVE_NULL have the same
-/// origin and destination square, 0 and 1 respectively.
-
-enum Move {
-  MOVE_NONE = 0,
-  MOVE_NULL = 65
-};
-
-
-struct MoveStack {
-  Move move;
-  int score;
-};
-
-inline bool operator<(const MoveStack& f, const MoveStack& s) { return f.score < s.score; }
-
-// An helper insertion sort implementation, works with pointers and iterators
-template<typename T, typename K>
-inline void insertion_sort(K firstMove, K lastMove)
-{
-    T value;
-    K cur, p, d;
-
-    if (firstMove != lastMove)
-        for (cur = firstMove + 1; cur != lastMove; cur++)
-        {
-            p = d = cur;
-            value = *p--;
-            if (*p < value)
-            {
-                do *d = *p;
-                while (--d != firstMove && *--p < value);
-                *d = value;
-            }
-        }
-}
-
-// Our dedicated sort in range [firstMove, lastMove), first splits
-// positive scores from ramining then order seaprately the two sets.
-template<typename T>
-inline void sort_moves(T* firstMove, T* lastMove, T** lastPositive)
-{
-    T tmp;
-    T *p, *d;
-
-    d = lastMove;
-    p = firstMove - 1;
-
-    d->score = -1; // right guard
-
-    // Split positives vs non-positives
-    do {
-        while ((++p)->score > 0) {}
-
-        if (p != d)
-        {
-            while (--d != p && d->score <= 0) {}
-
-            tmp = *p;
-            *p = *d;
-            *d = tmp;
-        }
-
-    } while (p != d);
-
-    // Sort just positive scored moves, remaining only when we get there
-    insertion_sort<T, T*>(firstMove, p);
-    *lastPositive = p;
-}
-
-// Picks up the best move in range [curMove, lastMove), one per cycle.
-// It is faster then sorting all the moves in advance when moves are few,
-// as normally are the possible captures. Note that is not a stable alghoritm.
-template<typename T>
-inline T pick_best(T* curMove, T* lastMove)
-{
-    T bestMove, tmp;
-
-    bestMove = *curMove;
-    while (++curMove != lastMove)
-    {
-        if (bestMove < *curMove)
-        {
-            tmp = *curMove;
-            *curMove = bestMove;
-            bestMove = tmp;
-        }
-    }
-    return bestMove;
-}
-
-////
-//// Inline functions
-////
-
-inline Square move_from(Move m) {
-  return Square((int(m) >> 6) & 0x3F);
-}
-
-inline Square move_to(Move m) {
-  return Square(m & 0x3F);
-}
-
-inline PieceType move_promotion_piece(Move m) {
-  return PieceType((int(m) >> 12) & 7);
-}
-
-inline int move_is_special(Move m) {
-  return m & (0x1F << 12);
-}
-
-inline int move_is_promotion(Move m) {
-  return m & (7 << 12);
-}
-
-inline int move_is_ep(Move m) {
-  return m & (1 << 15);
-}
-
-inline int move_is_castle(Move m) {
-  return m & (1 << 16);
-}
-
-inline bool move_is_short_castle(Move m) {
-  return move_is_castle(m) && (move_to(m) > move_from(m));
-}
-
-inline bool move_is_long_castle(Move m) {
-  return move_is_castle(m) && (move_to(m) < move_from(m));
-}
-
-inline Move make_promotion_move(Square from, Square to, PieceType promotion) {
-  return Move(int(to) | (int(from) << 6) | (int(promotion) << 12));
-}
-
-inline Move make_move(Square from, Square to) {
-  return Move(int(to) | (int(from) << 6));
-}
-
-inline Move make_castle_move(Square from, Square to) {
-  return Move(int(to) | (int(from) << 6) | (1 << 16));
-}
-
-inline Move make_ep_move(Square from, Square to) {
-  return Move(int(to) | (int(from) << 6) | (1 << 15));
-}
-
-
-////
-//// Prototypes
-////
-
-extern std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, Move m);
-extern Move move_from_uci(const Position& pos, const std::string &str);
-extern const std::string move_to_uci(Move m, bool chess960);
-extern bool move_is_ok(Move m);
-
-
-#endif // !defined(MOVE_H_INCLUDED)

src/movegen.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,29 +17,42 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-
-#if !defined(MOVEGEN_H_INCLUDED)
+#ifndef MOVEGEN_H_INCLUDED
 #define MOVEGEN_H_INCLUDED
 
-////
-//// Includes
-////
+#include "types.h"
 
-#include "position.h"
+enum GenType {
+  CAPTURES,
+  QUIETS,
+  QUIET_CHECKS,
+  EVASIONS,
+  NON_EVASIONS,
+  LEGAL
+};
 
+class Position;
 
-////
-//// Prototypes
-////
+template<GenType>
+ExtMove* generate(const Position& pos, ExtMove* mlist);
 
-extern MoveStack* generate_captures(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist);
-extern MoveStack* generate_noncaptures(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist);
-extern MoveStack* generate_non_capture_checks(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist);
-extern MoveStack* generate_evasions(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist);
-extern MoveStack* generate_non_evasions(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist);
-extern MoveStack* generate_moves(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, bool pseudoLegal = false);
-extern bool move_is_legal(const Position& pos, const Move m, Bitboard pinned);
-extern bool move_is_legal(const Position& pos, const Move m);
+/// The MoveList struct is a simple wrapper around generate(), sometimes comes
+/// handy to use this class instead of the low level generate() function.
+template<GenType T>
+struct MoveList {
 
+  explicit MoveList(const Position& pos) : cur(mlist), last(generate<T>(pos, mlist)) { last->move = MOVE_NONE; }
+  void operator++() { cur++; }
+  Move operator*() const { return cur->move; }
+  size_t size() const { return last - mlist; }
+  bool contains(Move m) const {
+    for (const ExtMove* it(mlist); it != last; ++it) if (it->move == m) return true;
+    return false;
+  }
 
-#endif // !defined(MOVEGEN_H_INCLUDED)
+private:
+  ExtMove mlist[MAX_MOVES];
+  ExtMove *cur, *last;
+};
+
+#endif // #ifndef MOVEGEN_H_INCLUDED

src/movepick.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -18,174 +18,132 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
 #include <cassert>
 
-#include "history.h"
-#include "movegen.h"
 #include "movepick.h"
-#include "search.h"
-#include "value.h"
-
-
-////
-//// Local definitions
-////
+#include "thread.h"
 
 namespace {
 
-  enum MovegenPhase {
-    PH_TT_MOVES,       // Transposition table move and mate killer
-    PH_GOOD_CAPTURES,  // Queen promotions and captures with SEE values >= 0
-    PH_KILLERS,        // Killer moves from the current ply
-    PH_NONCAPTURES,    // Non-captures and underpromotions
-    PH_BAD_CAPTURES,   // Queen promotions and captures with SEE values < 0
-    PH_EVASIONS,       // Check evasions
-    PH_QCAPTURES,      // Captures in quiescence search
-    PH_QCHECKS,        // Non-capture checks in quiescence search
-    PH_STOP
+  enum Stages {
+    MAIN_SEARCH, CAPTURES_S1, KILLERS_S1, QUIETS_1_S1, QUIETS_2_S1, BAD_CAPTURES_S1,
+    EVASION,     EVASIONS_S2,
+    QSEARCH_0,   CAPTURES_S3, QUIET_CHECKS_S3,
+    QSEARCH_1,   CAPTURES_S4,
+    PROBCUT,     CAPTURES_S5,
+    RECAPTURE,   CAPTURES_S6,
+    STOP
   };
 
-  CACHE_LINE_ALIGNMENT
-  const uint8_t MainSearchPhaseTable[] = { PH_TT_MOVES, PH_GOOD_CAPTURES, PH_KILLERS, PH_NONCAPTURES, PH_BAD_CAPTURES, PH_STOP};
-  const uint8_t EvasionsPhaseTable[] = { PH_TT_MOVES, PH_EVASIONS, PH_STOP};
-  const uint8_t QsearchWithChecksPhaseTable[] = { PH_TT_MOVES, PH_QCAPTURES, PH_QCHECKS, PH_STOP};
-  const uint8_t QsearchWithoutChecksPhaseTable[] = { PH_TT_MOVES, PH_QCAPTURES, PH_STOP};
+  // Our insertion sort, guaranteed to be stable, as is needed
+  void insertion_sort(ExtMove* begin, ExtMove* end)
+  {
+    ExtMove tmp, *p, *q;
+
+    for (p = begin + 1; p < end; ++p)
+    {
+        tmp = *p;
+        for (q = p; q != begin && *(q-1) < tmp; --q)
+            *q = *(q-1);
+        *q = tmp;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Unary predicate used by std::partition to split positive scores from remaining
+  // ones so to sort separately the two sets, and with the second sort delayed.
+  inline bool has_positive_score(const ExtMove& ms) { return ms.score > 0; }
+
+  // Picks and moves to the front the best move in the range [begin, end),
+  // it is faster than sorting all the moves in advance when moves are few, as
+  // normally are the possible captures.
+  inline ExtMove* pick_best(ExtMove* begin, ExtMove* end)
+  {
+      std::swap(*begin, *std::max_element(begin, end));
+      return begin;
+  }
 }
 
 
-////
-//// Functions
-////
-
-
-/// Constructor for the MovePicker class. Apart from the position for which
-/// it is asked to pick legal moves, MovePicker also wants some information
+/// Constructors of the MovePicker class. As arguments we pass information
 /// to help it to return the presumably good moves first, to decide which
 /// moves to return (in the quiescence search, for instance, we only want to
 /// search captures, promotions and some checks) and about how important good
 /// move ordering is at the current node.
 
-MovePicker::MovePicker(const Position& p, Move ttm, Depth d, const History& h,
-                       SearchStack* ss, Value beta) : pos(p), H(h) {
-  int searchTT = ttm;
-  ttMoves[0].move = ttm;
-  badCaptureThreshold = 0;
-  badCaptures = moves + MOVES_MAX;
+MovePicker::MovePicker(const Position& p, Move ttm, Depth d, const HistoryStats& h,
+                       Move* cm, Search::Stack* s) : pos(p), history(h), depth(d) {
 
-  pinned = p.pinned_pieces(pos.side_to_move());
+  assert(d > DEPTH_ZERO);
 
-  if (ss && !p.is_check())
+  cur = end = moves;
+  endBadCaptures = moves + MAX_MOVES - 1;
+  countermoves = cm;
+  ss = s;
+
+  if (p.checkers())
+      stage = EVASION;
+
+  else
+      stage = MAIN_SEARCH;
+
+  ttMove = (ttm && pos.is_pseudo_legal(ttm) ? ttm : MOVE_NONE);
+  end += (ttMove != MOVE_NONE);
+}
+
+MovePicker::MovePicker(const Position& p, Move ttm, Depth d, const HistoryStats& h,
+                       Square sq) : pos(p), history(h), cur(moves), end(moves) {
+
+  assert(d <= DEPTH_ZERO);
+
+  if (p.checkers())
+      stage = EVASION;
+
+  else if (d > DEPTH_QS_NO_CHECKS)
+      stage = QSEARCH_0;
+
+  else if (d > DEPTH_QS_RECAPTURES)
   {
-      ttMoves[1].move = (ss->mateKiller == ttm) ? MOVE_NONE : ss->mateKiller;
-      searchTT |= ttMoves[1].move;
-      killers[0].move = ss->killers[0];
-      killers[1].move = ss->killers[1];
-  } else
-      ttMoves[1].move = killers[0].move = killers[1].move = MOVE_NONE;
+      stage = QSEARCH_1;
 
-  if (p.is_check())
-      phasePtr = EvasionsPhaseTable;
-  else if (d > DEPTH_ZERO)
-  {
-      // Consider sligtly negative captures as good if at low
-      // depth and far from beta.
-      if (ss && ss->eval < beta - PawnValueMidgame && d < 3 * ONE_PLY)
-          badCaptureThreshold = -PawnValueMidgame;
-
-      phasePtr = MainSearchPhaseTable;
+      // Skip TT move if is not a capture or a promotion, this avoids qsearch
+      // tree explosion due to a possible perpetual check or similar rare cases
+      // when TT table is full.
+      if (ttm && !pos.is_capture_or_promotion(ttm))
+          ttm = MOVE_NONE;
   }
-  else if (d >= DEPTH_QS_CHECKS)
-      phasePtr = QsearchWithChecksPhaseTable;
   else
   {
-      phasePtr = QsearchWithoutChecksPhaseTable;
-
-      // Skip TT move if is not a capture or a promotion, this avoids
-      // qsearch tree explosion due to a possible perpetual check or
-      // similar rare cases when TT table is full.
-      if (ttm != MOVE_NONE && !pos.move_is_capture_or_promotion(ttm))
-          searchTT = ttMoves[0].move = MOVE_NONE;
+      stage = RECAPTURE;
+      recaptureSquare = sq;
+      ttm = MOVE_NONE;
   }
 
-  phasePtr += int(!searchTT) - 1;
-  go_next_phase();
+  ttMove = (ttm && pos.is_pseudo_legal(ttm) ? ttm : MOVE_NONE);
+  end += (ttMove != MOVE_NONE);
+}
+
+MovePicker::MovePicker(const Position& p, Move ttm, const HistoryStats& h, PieceType pt)
+                       : pos(p), history(h), cur(moves), end(moves) {
+
+  assert(!pos.checkers());
+
+  stage = PROBCUT;
+
+  // In ProbCut we generate only captures better than parent's captured piece
+  captureThreshold = PieceValue[MG][pt];
+  ttMove = (ttm && pos.is_pseudo_legal(ttm) ? ttm : MOVE_NONE);
+
+  if (ttMove && (!pos.is_capture(ttMove) ||  pos.see(ttMove) <= captureThreshold))
+      ttMove = MOVE_NONE;
+
+  end += (ttMove != MOVE_NONE);
 }
 
 
-/// MovePicker::go_next_phase() generates, scores and sorts the next bunch
-/// of moves when there are no more moves to try for the current phase.
-
-void MovePicker::go_next_phase() {
-
-  curMove = moves;
-  phase = *(++phasePtr);
-  switch (phase) {
-
-  case PH_TT_MOVES:
-      curMove = ttMoves;
-      lastMove = curMove + 2;
-      return;
-
-  case PH_GOOD_CAPTURES:
-      lastMove = generate_captures(pos, moves);
-      score_captures();
-      return;
-
-  case PH_KILLERS:
-      curMove = killers;
-      lastMove = curMove + 2;
-      return;
-
-  case PH_NONCAPTURES:
-      lastMove = generate_noncaptures(pos, moves);
-      score_noncaptures();
-      sort_moves(moves, lastMove, &lastGoodNonCapture);
-      return;
-
-  case PH_BAD_CAPTURES:
-      // Bad captures SEE value is already calculated so just pick
-      // them in order to get SEE move ordering.
-      curMove = badCaptures;
-      lastMove = moves + MOVES_MAX;
-      return;
-
-  case PH_EVASIONS:
-      assert(pos.is_check());
-      lastMove = generate_evasions(pos, moves);
-      score_evasions();
-      return;
-
-  case PH_QCAPTURES:
-      lastMove = generate_captures(pos, moves);
-      score_captures();
-      return;
-
-  case PH_QCHECKS:
-      lastMove = generate_non_capture_checks(pos, moves);
-      return;
-
-  case PH_STOP:
-      lastMove = curMove + 1; // Avoids another go_next_phase() call
-      return;
-
-  default:
-      assert(false);
-      return;
-  }
-}
-
-
-/// MovePicker::score_captures(), MovePicker::score_noncaptures() and
-/// MovePicker::score_evasions() assign a numerical move ordering score
-/// to each move in a move list.  The moves with highest scores will be
-/// picked first by get_next_move().
-
-void MovePicker::score_captures() {
+/// score() assign a numerical move ordering score to each move in a move list.
+/// The moves with highest scores will be picked first.
+template<>
+void MovePicker::score<CAPTURES>() {
   // Winning and equal captures in the main search are ordered by MVV/LVA.
   // Suprisingly, this appears to perform slightly better than SEE based
   // move ordering. The reason is probably that in a position with a winning
@@ -201,157 +159,219 @@ void MovePicker::score_captures() {
   // some SEE calls in case we get a cutoff (idea from Pablo Vazquez).
   Move m;
 
-  // Use MVV/LVA ordering
-  for (MoveStack* cur = moves; cur != lastMove; cur++)
+  for (ExtMove* it = moves; it != end; ++it)
   {
-      m = cur->move;
-      if (move_is_promotion(m))
-          cur->score = QueenValueMidgame;
-      else
-          cur->score =  pos.midgame_value_of_piece_on(move_to(m))
-                      - pos.type_of_piece_on(move_from(m));
+      m = it->move;
+      it->score =  PieceValue[MG][pos.piece_on(to_sq(m))]
+                 - type_of(pos.piece_moved(m));
+
+      if (type_of(m) == PROMOTION)
+          it->score += PieceValue[MG][promotion_type(m)] - PieceValue[MG][PAWN];
+
+      else if (type_of(m) == ENPASSANT)
+          it->score += PieceValue[MG][PAWN];
   }
 }
 
-void MovePicker::score_noncaptures() {
-  // First score by history, when no history is available then use
-  // piece/square tables values. This seems to be better then a
-  // random choice when we don't have an history for any move.
+template<>
+void MovePicker::score<QUIETS>() {
+
   Move m;
-  Piece piece;
-  Square from, to;
 
-  for (MoveStack* cur = moves; cur != lastMove; cur++)
+  for (ExtMove* it = moves; it != end; ++it)
   {
-      m = cur->move;
-      from = move_from(m);
-      to = move_to(m);
-      piece = pos.piece_on(from);
-      cur->score = H.value(piece, to) + H.gain(piece, to);
+      m = it->move;
+      it->score = history[pos.piece_moved(m)][to_sq(m)];
   }
 }
 
-void MovePicker::score_evasions() {
-  // Try good captures ordered by MVV/LVA, then non-captures if
-  // destination square is not under attack, ordered by history
-  // value, and at the end bad-captures and non-captures with a
-  // negative SEE. This last group is ordered by the SEE score.
+template<>
+void MovePicker::score<EVASIONS>() {
+  // Try good captures ordered by MVV/LVA, then non-captures if destination square
+  // is not under attack, ordered by history value, then bad-captures and quiet
+  // moves with a negative SEE. This last group is ordered by the SEE score.
   Move m;
   int seeScore;
 
-  // Skip if we don't have at least two moves to order
-  if (lastMove < moves + 2)
-      return;
-
-  for (MoveStack* cur = moves; cur != lastMove; cur++)
+  for (ExtMove* it = moves; it != end; ++it)
   {
-      m = cur->move;
+      m = it->move;
       if ((seeScore = pos.see_sign(m)) < 0)
-          cur->score = seeScore - HistoryMax; // Be sure are at the bottom
-      else if (pos.move_is_capture(m))
-          cur->score =  pos.midgame_value_of_piece_on(move_to(m))
-                      - pos.type_of_piece_on(move_from(m)) + HistoryMax;
+          it->score = seeScore - HistoryStats::Max; // At the bottom
+
+      else if (pos.is_capture(m))
+          it->score =  PieceValue[MG][pos.piece_on(to_sq(m))]
+                     - type_of(pos.piece_moved(m)) + HistoryStats::Max;
       else
-          cur->score = H.value(pos.piece_on(move_from(m)), move_to(m));
+          it->score = history[pos.piece_moved(m)][to_sq(m)];
   }
 }
 
-/// MovePicker::get_next_move() is the most important method of the MovePicker
-/// class. It returns a new legal move every time it is called, until there
-/// are no more moves left.
-/// It picks the move with the biggest score from a list of generated moves taking
-/// care not to return the tt move if has already been searched previously.
-/// Note that this function is not thread safe so should be lock protected by
-/// caller when accessed through a shared MovePicker object.
 
-Move MovePicker::get_next_move() {
+/// generate_next() generates, scores and sorts the next bunch of moves, when
+/// there are no more moves to try for the current phase.
+
+void MovePicker::generate_next() {
+
+  cur = moves;
+
+  switch (++stage) {
+
+  case CAPTURES_S1: case CAPTURES_S3: case CAPTURES_S4: case CAPTURES_S5: case CAPTURES_S6:
+      end = generate<CAPTURES>(pos, moves);
+      score<CAPTURES>();
+      return;
+
+  case KILLERS_S1:
+      cur = killers;
+      end = cur + 2;
+
+      killers[0].move = ss->killers[0];
+      killers[1].move = ss->killers[1];
+      killers[2].move = killers[3].move = MOVE_NONE;
+
+      // Be sure countermoves are different from killers
+      for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
+          if (countermoves[i] != cur->move && countermoves[i] != (cur+1)->move)
+              (end++)->move = countermoves[i];
+
+      if (countermoves[1] && countermoves[1] == countermoves[0]) // Due to SMP races
+          killers[3].move = MOVE_NONE;
+
+      return;
+
+  case QUIETS_1_S1:
+      endQuiets = end = generate<QUIETS>(pos, moves);
+      score<QUIETS>();
+      end = std::partition(cur, end, has_positive_score);
+      insertion_sort(cur, end);
+      return;
+
+  case QUIETS_2_S1:
+      cur = end;
+      end = endQuiets;
+      if (depth >= 3 * ONE_PLY)
+          insertion_sort(cur, end);
+      return;
+
+  case BAD_CAPTURES_S1:
+      // Just pick them in reverse order to get MVV/LVA ordering
+      cur = moves + MAX_MOVES - 1;
+      end = endBadCaptures;
+      return;
+
+  case EVASIONS_S2:
+      end = generate<EVASIONS>(pos, moves);
+      if (end > moves + 1)
+          score<EVASIONS>();
+      return;
+
+  case QUIET_CHECKS_S3:
+      end = generate<QUIET_CHECKS>(pos, moves);
+      return;
+
+  case EVASION: case QSEARCH_0: case QSEARCH_1: case PROBCUT: case RECAPTURE:
+      stage = STOP;
+  case STOP:
+      end = cur + 1; // Avoid another next_phase() call
+      return;
+
+  default:
+      assert(false);
+  }
+}
+
+
+/// next_move() is the most important method of the MovePicker class. It returns
+/// a new pseudo legal move every time is called, until there are no more moves
+/// left. It picks the move with the biggest score from a list of generated moves
+/// taking care not returning the ttMove if has already been searched previously.
+template<>
+Move MovePicker::next_move<false>() {
 
   Move move;
 
   while (true)
   {
-      while (curMove != lastMove)
-      {
-          switch (phase) {
+      while (cur == end)
+          generate_next();
 
-          case PH_TT_MOVES:
-              move = (curMove++)->move;
-              if (   move != MOVE_NONE
-                  && move_is_legal(pos, move, pinned))
+      switch (stage) {
+
+      case MAIN_SEARCH: case EVASION: case QSEARCH_0: case QSEARCH_1: case PROBCUT:
+          cur++;
+          return ttMove;
+
+      case CAPTURES_S1:
+          move = pick_best(cur++, end)->move;
+          if (move != ttMove)
+          {
+              if (pos.see_sign(move) >= 0)
                   return move;
-              break;
 
-          case PH_GOOD_CAPTURES:
-              move = pick_best(curMove++, lastMove).move;
-              if (   move != ttMoves[0].move
-                  && move != ttMoves[1].move
-                  && pos.pl_move_is_legal(move, pinned))
-              {
-                  // Check for a non negative SEE now
-                  int seeValue = pos.see_sign(move);
-                  if (seeValue >= badCaptureThreshold)
-                      return move;
-
-                  // Losing capture, move it to the tail of the array, note
-                  // that move has now been already checked for legality.
-                  (--badCaptures)->move = move;
-                  badCaptures->score = seeValue;
-              }
-              break;
-
-          case PH_KILLERS:
-              move = (curMove++)->move;
-              if (   move != MOVE_NONE
-                  && move_is_legal(pos, move, pinned)
-                  && move != ttMoves[0].move
-                  && move != ttMoves[1].move
-                  && !pos.move_is_capture(move))
-                  return move;
-              break;
-
-          case PH_NONCAPTURES:
-
-              // Sort negative scored moves only when we get there
-              if (curMove == lastGoodNonCapture)
-                  insertion_sort<MoveStack>(lastGoodNonCapture, lastMove);
-
-              move = (curMove++)->move;
-              if (   move != ttMoves[0].move
-                  && move != ttMoves[1].move
-                  && move != killers[0].move
-                  && move != killers[1].move
-                  && pos.pl_move_is_legal(move, pinned))
-                  return move;
-              break;
-
-          case PH_BAD_CAPTURES:
-              move = pick_best(curMove++, lastMove).move;
-              return move;
-
-          case PH_EVASIONS:
-          case PH_QCAPTURES:
-              move = pick_best(curMove++, lastMove).move;
-              if (   move != ttMoves[0].move
-                  && pos.pl_move_is_legal(move, pinned))
-                  return move;
-              break;
-
-          case PH_QCHECKS:
-              move = (curMove++)->move;
-              if (   move != ttMoves[0].move
-                  && pos.pl_move_is_legal(move, pinned))
-                  return move;
-              break;
-
-          case PH_STOP:
-              return MOVE_NONE;
-
-          default:
-              assert(false);
-              break;
+              // Losing capture, move it to the tail of the array
+              (endBadCaptures--)->move = move;
           }
+          break;
+
+      case KILLERS_S1:
+          move = (cur++)->move;
+          if (    move != MOVE_NONE
+              &&  pos.is_pseudo_legal(move)
+              &&  move != ttMove
+              && !pos.is_capture(move))
+              return move;
+          break;
+
+      case QUIETS_1_S1: case QUIETS_2_S1:
+          move = (cur++)->move;
+          if (   move != ttMove
+              && move != killers[0].move
+              && move != killers[1].move
+              && move != killers[2].move
+              && move != killers[3].move)
+              return move;
+          break;
+
+      case BAD_CAPTURES_S1:
+          return (cur--)->move;
+
+      case EVASIONS_S2: case CAPTURES_S3: case CAPTURES_S4:
+          move = pick_best(cur++, end)->move;
+          if (move != ttMove)
+              return move;
+          break;
+
+      case CAPTURES_S5:
+           move = pick_best(cur++, end)->move;
+           if (move != ttMove && pos.see(move) > captureThreshold)
+               return move;
+           break;
+
+      case CAPTURES_S6:
+          move = pick_best(cur++, end)->move;
+          if (to_sq(move) == recaptureSquare)
+              return move;
+          break;
+
+      case QUIET_CHECKS_S3:
+          move = (cur++)->move;
+          if (move != ttMove)
+              return move;
+          break;
+
+      case STOP:
+          return MOVE_NONE;
+
+      default:
+          assert(false);
       }
-      go_next_phase();
   }
 }
 
+
+/// Version of next_move() to use at split point nodes where the move is grabbed
+/// from the split point's shared MovePicker object. This function is not thread
+/// safe so must be lock protected by the caller.
+template<>
+Move MovePicker::next_move<true>() { return ss->splitPoint->movePicker->next_move<false>(); }

src/movepick.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,71 +17,94 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-
-#if !defined MOVEPICK_H_INCLUDED
+#ifndef MOVEPICK_H_INCLUDED
 #define MOVEPICK_H_INCLUDED
 
-////
-//// Includes
-////
+#include <algorithm> // For std::max
+#include <cstring>   // For std::memset
 
-#include "depth.h"
-#include "history.h"
+#include "movegen.h"
 #include "position.h"
+#include "search.h"
+#include "types.h"
 
 
-////
-//// Types
-////
+/// The Stats struct stores moves statistics. According to the template parameter
+/// the class can store History, Gains and Countermoves. History records how often
+/// different moves have been successful or unsuccessful during the current search
+/// and is used for reduction and move ordering decisions. Gains records the move's
+/// best evaluation gain from one ply to the next and is used for pruning decisions.
+/// Countermoves store the move that refute a previous one. Entries are stored
+/// according only to moving piece and destination square, hence two moves with
+/// different origin but same destination and piece will be considered identical.
+template<bool Gain, typename T>
+struct Stats {
 
-struct SearchStack;
+  static const Value Max = Value(2000);
 
-/// MovePicker is a class which is used to pick one legal move at a time from
-/// the current position. It is initialized with a Position object and a few
-/// moves we have reason to believe are good. The most important method is
-/// MovePicker::pick_next_move(), which returns a new legal move each time it
-/// is called, until there are no legal moves left, when MOVE_NONE is returned.
-/// In order to improve the efficiency of the alpha beta algorithm, MovePicker
-/// attempts to return the moves which are most likely to be strongest first.
+  const T* operator[](Piece p) const { return table[p]; }
+  void clear() { std::memset(table, 0, sizeof(table)); }
+
+  void update(Piece p, Square to, Move m) {
+
+    if (m == table[p][to].first)
+        return;
+
+    table[p][to].second = table[p][to].first;
+    table[p][to].first = m;
+  }
+
+  void update(Piece p, Square to, Value v) {
+
+    if (Gain)
+        table[p][to] = std::max(v, table[p][to] - 1);
+
+    else if (abs(table[p][to] + v) < Max)
+        table[p][to] +=  v;
+  }
+
+private:
+  T table[PIECE_NB][SQUARE_NB];
+};
+
+typedef Stats< true, Value> GainsStats;
+typedef Stats<false, Value> HistoryStats;
+typedef Stats<false, std::pair<Move, Move> > CountermovesStats;
+
+
+/// MovePicker class is used to pick one pseudo legal move at a time from the
+/// current position. The most important method is next_move(), which returns a
+/// new pseudo legal move each time it is called, until there are no moves left,
+/// when MOVE_NONE is returned. In order to improve the efficiency of the alpha
+/// beta algorithm, MovePicker attempts to return the moves which are most likely
+/// to get a cut-off first.
 
 class MovePicker {
 
-  MovePicker& operator=(const MovePicker&); // silence a warning under MSVC
+  MovePicker& operator=(const MovePicker&); // Silence a warning under MSVC
 
 public:
-  MovePicker(const Position& p, Move ttm, Depth d, const History& h, SearchStack* ss = NULL, Value beta = -VALUE_INFINITE);
-  Move get_next_move();
-  int number_of_evasions() const;
+  MovePicker(const Position&, Move, Depth, const HistoryStats&, Square);
+  MovePicker(const Position&, Move, const HistoryStats&, PieceType);
+  MovePicker(const Position&, Move, Depth, const HistoryStats&, Move*, Search::Stack*);
+
+  template<bool SpNode> Move next_move();
 
 private:
-  void score_captures();
-  void score_noncaptures();
-  void score_evasions();
-  void go_next_phase();
+  template<GenType> void score();
+  void generate_next();
 
   const Position& pos;
-  const History& H;
-  Bitboard pinned;
-  MoveStack ttMoves[2], killers[2];
-  int badCaptureThreshold, phase;
-  const uint8_t* phasePtr;
-  MoveStack *curMove, *lastMove, *lastGoodNonCapture, *badCaptures;
-  MoveStack moves[MOVES_MAX];
+  const HistoryStats& history;
+  Search::Stack* ss;
+  Move* countermoves;
+  Depth depth;
+  Move ttMove;
+  ExtMove killers[4];
+  Square recaptureSquare;
+  int captureThreshold, stage;
+  ExtMove *cur, *end, *endQuiets, *endBadCaptures;
+  ExtMove moves[MAX_MOVES];
 };
 
-
-////
-//// Inline functions
-////
-
-/// MovePicker::number_of_evasions() simply returns the number of moves in
-/// evasions phase. It is intended to be used in positions where the side to
-/// move is in check, for detecting checkmates or situations where there is
-/// only a single reply to check.
-/// WARNING: It works as long as PH_EVASIONS is the _only_ phase for evasions.
-
-inline int MovePicker::number_of_evasions() const {
-  return int(lastMove - moves);
-}
-
-#endif // !defined(MOVEPICK_H_INCLUDED)
+#endif // #ifndef MOVEPICK_H_INCLUDED

src/notation.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,263 @@
+/*
+  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
+  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+
+  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+  GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+#include <cassert>
+#include <iomanip>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <stack>
+
+#include "movegen.h"
+#include "notation.h"
+#include "position.h"
+
+using namespace std;
+
+static const char* PieceToChar[COLOR_NB] = { " PNBRQK", " pnbrqk" };
+
+
+/// score_to_uci() converts a value to a string suitable for use with the UCI
+/// protocol specifications:
+///
+/// cp <x>     The score from the engine's point of view in centipawns.
+/// mate <y>   Mate in y moves, not plies. If the engine is getting mated
+///            use negative values for y.
+
+string score_to_uci(Value v, Value alpha, Value beta) {
+
+  stringstream s;
+
+  if (abs(v) < VALUE_MATE_IN_MAX_PLY)
+      s << "cp " << v * 100 / int(PawnValueMg);
+  else
+      s << "mate " << (v > 0 ? VALUE_MATE - v + 1 : -VALUE_MATE - v) / 2;
+
+  s << (v >= beta ? " lowerbound" : v <= alpha ? " upperbound" : "");
+
+  return s.str();
+}
+
+
+/// move_to_uci() converts a move to a string in coordinate notation
+/// (g1f3, a7a8q, etc.). The only special case is castling moves, where we print
+/// in the e1g1 notation in normal chess mode, and in e1h1 notation in chess960
+/// mode. Internally castle moves are always coded as "king captures rook".
+
+const string move_to_uci(Move m, bool chess960) {
+
+  Square from = from_sq(m);
+  Square to = to_sq(m);
+
+  if (m == MOVE_NONE)
+      return "(none)";
+
+  if (m == MOVE_NULL)
+      return "0000";
+
+  if (type_of(m) == CASTLE && !chess960)
+      to = (to > from ? FILE_G : FILE_C) | rank_of(from);
+
+  string move = square_to_string(from) + square_to_string(to);
+
+  if (type_of(m) == PROMOTION)
+      move += PieceToChar[BLACK][promotion_type(m)]; // Lower case
+
+  return move;
+}
+
+
+/// move_from_uci() takes a position and a string representing a move in
+/// simple coordinate notation and returns an equivalent legal Move if any.
+
+Move move_from_uci(const Position& pos, string& str) {
+
+  if (str.length() == 5) // Junior could send promotion piece in uppercase
+      str[4] = char(tolower(str[4]));
+
+  for (MoveList<LEGAL> it(pos); *it; ++it)
+      if (str == move_to_uci(*it, pos.is_chess960()))
+          return *it;
+
+  return MOVE_NONE;
+}
+
+
+/// move_to_san() takes a position and a legal Move as input and returns its
+/// short algebraic notation representation.
+
+const string move_to_san(Position& pos, Move m) {
+
+  if (m == MOVE_NONE)
+      return "(none)";
+
+  if (m == MOVE_NULL)
+      return "(null)";
+
+  assert(MoveList<LEGAL>(pos).contains(m));
+
+  Bitboard others, b;
+  string san;
+  Color us = pos.side_to_move();
+  Square from = from_sq(m);
+  Square to = to_sq(m);
+  Piece pc = pos.piece_on(from);
+  PieceType pt = type_of(pc);
+
+  if (type_of(m) == CASTLE)
+      san = to > from ? "O-O" : "O-O-O";
+  else
+  {
+      if (pt != PAWN)
+      {
+          san = PieceToChar[WHITE][pt]; // Upper case
+
+          // Disambiguation if we have more then one piece of type 'pt' that can
+          // reach 'to' with a legal move.
+          others = b = (pos.attacks_from(pc, to) & pos.pieces(us, pt)) ^ from;
+
+          while (b)
+          {
+              Move move = make_move(pop_lsb(&b), to);
+              if (!pos.pl_move_is_legal(move, pos.pinned_pieces()))
+                  others ^= from_sq(move);
+          }
+
+          if (others)
+          {
+              if (!(others & file_bb(from)))
+                  san += file_to_char(file_of(from));
+
+              else if (!(others & rank_bb(from)))
+                  san += rank_to_char(rank_of(from));
+
+              else
+                  san += square_to_string(from);
+          }
+      }
+      else if (pos.is_capture(m))
+          san = file_to_char(file_of(from));
+
+      if (pos.is_capture(m))
+          san += 'x';
+
+      san += square_to_string(to);
+
+      if (type_of(m) == PROMOTION)
+          san += string("=") + PieceToChar[WHITE][promotion_type(m)];
+  }
+
+  if (pos.move_gives_check(m, CheckInfo(pos)))
+  {
+      StateInfo st;
+      pos.do_move(m, st);
+      san += MoveList<LEGAL>(pos).size() ? "+" : "#";
+      pos.undo_move(m);
+  }
+
+  return san;
+}
+
+
+/// pretty_pv() formats human-readable search information, typically to be
+/// appended to the search log file. It uses the two helpers below to pretty
+/// format time and score respectively.
+
+static string time_to_string(int64_t msecs) {
+
+  const int MSecMinute = 1000 * 60;
+  const int MSecHour   = 1000 * 60 * 60;
+
+  int64_t hours   =   msecs / MSecHour;
+  int64_t minutes =  (msecs % MSecHour) / MSecMinute;
+  int64_t seconds = ((msecs % MSecHour) % MSecMinute) / 1000;
+
+  stringstream s;
+
+  if (hours)
+      s << hours << ':';
+
+  s << setfill('0') << setw(2) << minutes << ':' << setw(2) << seconds;
+
+  return s.str();
+}
+
+static string score_to_string(Value v) {
+
+  stringstream s;
+
+  if (v >= VALUE_MATE_IN_MAX_PLY)
+      s << "#" << (VALUE_MATE - v + 1) / 2;
+
+  else if (v <= VALUE_MATED_IN_MAX_PLY)
+      s << "-#" << (VALUE_MATE + v) / 2;
+
+  else
+      s << setprecision(2) << fixed << showpos << float(v) / PawnValueMg;
+
+  return s.str();
+}
+
+string pretty_pv(Position& pos, int depth, Value value, int64_t msecs, Move pv[]) {
+
+  const int64_t K = 1000;
+  const int64_t M = 1000000;
+
+  std::stack<StateInfo> st;
+  Move* m = pv;
+  string san, padding;
+  size_t length;
+  stringstream s;
+
+  s << setw(2) << depth
+    << setw(8) << score_to_string(value)
+    << setw(8) << time_to_string(msecs);
+
+  if (pos.nodes_searched() < M)
+      s << setw(8) << pos.nodes_searched() / 1 << "  ";
+
+  else if (pos.nodes_searched() < K * M)
+      s << setw(7) << pos.nodes_searched() / K << "K  ";
+
+  else
+      s << setw(7) << pos.nodes_searched() / M << "M  ";
+
+  padding = string(s.str().length(), ' ');
+  length = padding.length();
+
+  while (*m != MOVE_NONE)
+  {
+      san = move_to_san(pos, *m);
+
+      if (length + san.length() > 80)
+      {
+          s << "\n" + padding;
+          length = padding.length();
+      }
+
+      s << san << ' ';
+      length += san.length() + 1;
+
+      st.push(StateInfo());
+      pos.do_move(*m++, st.top());
+  }
+
+  while (m != pv)
+      pos.undo_move(*--m);
+
+  return s.str();
+}

src/notation.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,40 +17,19 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
+#ifndef NOTATION_H_INCLUDED
+#define NOTATION_H_INCLUDED
 
-#if !defined(COLOR_H_INCLUDED)
-#define COLOR_H_INCLUDED
+#include <string>
 
 #include "types.h"
 
-////
-//// Types
-////
+class Position;
 
-enum Color {
-  WHITE,
-  BLACK,
-  COLOR_NONE
-};
+std::string score_to_uci(Value v, Value alpha = -VALUE_INFINITE, Value beta = VALUE_INFINITE);
+Move move_from_uci(const Position& pos, std::string& str);
+const std::string move_to_uci(Move m, bool chess960);
+const std::string move_to_san(Position& pos, Move m);
+std::string pretty_pv(Position& pos, int depth, Value score, int64_t msecs, Move pv[]);
 
-enum SquareColor {
-  DARK,
-  LIGHT
-};
-
-ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(Color);
-
-
-////
-//// Inline functions
-////
-
-inline Color opposite_color(Color c) {
-  return Color(int(c) ^ 1);
-}
-
-inline bool color_is_ok(Color c) {
-  return c == WHITE || c == BLACK;
-}
-
-#endif // !defined(COLOR_H_INCLUDED)
+#endif // #ifndef NOTATION_H_INCLUDED

src/pawns.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,222 +17,265 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
+#include <algorithm>
 #include <cassert>
-#include <cstring>
 
+#include "bitboard.h"
 #include "bitcount.h"
 #include "pawns.h"
 #include "position.h"
 
-
-////
-//// Local definitions
-////
-
 namespace {
 
-  /// Constants and variables
-
+  #define V Value
   #define S(mg, eg) make_score(mg, eg)
 
   // Doubled pawn penalty by opposed flag and file
-  const Score DoubledPawnPenalty[2][8] = {
+  const Score Doubled[2][FILE_NB] = {
   { S(13, 43), S(20, 48), S(23, 48), S(23, 48),
     S(23, 48), S(23, 48), S(20, 48), S(13, 43) },
   { S(13, 43), S(20, 48), S(23, 48), S(23, 48),
     S(23, 48), S(23, 48), S(20, 48), S(13, 43) }};
 
   // Isolated pawn penalty by opposed flag and file
-  const Score IsolatedPawnPenalty[2][8] = {
+  const Score Isolated[2][FILE_NB] = {
   { S(37, 45), S(54, 52), S(60, 52), S(60, 52),
     S(60, 52), S(60, 52), S(54, 52), S(37, 45) },
   { S(25, 30), S(36, 35), S(40, 35), S(40, 35),
     S(40, 35), S(40, 35), S(36, 35), S(25, 30) }};
 
   // Backward pawn penalty by opposed flag and file
-  const Score BackwardPawnPenalty[2][8] = {
+  const Score Backward[2][FILE_NB] = {
   { S(30, 42), S(43, 46), S(49, 46), S(49, 46),
     S(49, 46), S(49, 46), S(43, 46), S(30, 42) },
   { S(20, 28), S(29, 31), S(33, 31), S(33, 31),
     S(33, 31), S(33, 31), S(29, 31), S(20, 28) }};
 
   // Pawn chain membership bonus by file
-  const Score ChainBonus[8] = {
+  const Score ChainMember[FILE_NB] = {
     S(11,-1), S(13,-1), S(13,-1), S(14,-1),
     S(14,-1), S(13,-1), S(13,-1), S(11,-1)
   };
 
   // Candidate passed pawn bonus by rank
-  const Score CandidateBonus[8] = {
+  const Score CandidatePassed[RANK_NB] = {
     S( 0, 0), S( 6, 13), S(6,13), S(14,29),
     S(34,68), S(83,166), S(0, 0), S( 0, 0)
   };
 
+  // Weakness of our pawn shelter in front of the king indexed by [rank]
+  const Value ShelterWeakness[RANK_NB] =
+  { V(100), V(0), V(27), V(73), V(92), V(101), V(101) };
+
+  // Danger of enemy pawns moving toward our king indexed by
+  // [no friendly pawn | pawn unblocked | pawn blocked][rank of enemy pawn]
+  const Value StormDanger[3][RANK_NB] = {
+  { V( 0),  V(64), V(128), V(51), V(26) },
+  { V(26),  V(32), V( 96), V(38), V(20) },
+  { V( 0),  V( 0), V( 64), V(25), V(13) }};
+
+  // Max bonus for king safety. Corresponds to start position with all the pawns
+  // in front of the king and no enemy pawn on the horizont.
+  const Value MaxSafetyBonus = V(263);
+
   #undef S
-}
+  #undef V
 
+  template<Color Us>
+  Score evaluate(const Position& pos, Pawns::Entry* e) {
 
-////
-//// Functions
-////
+    const Color  Them  = (Us == WHITE ? BLACK    : WHITE);
+    const Square Up    = (Us == WHITE ? DELTA_N  : DELTA_S);
+    const Square Right = (Us == WHITE ? DELTA_NE : DELTA_SW);
+    const Square Left  = (Us == WHITE ? DELTA_NW : DELTA_SE);
 
-/// PawnInfoTable c'tor and d'tor instantiated one each thread
+    Bitboard b;
+    Square s;
+    File f;
+    Rank r;
+    bool passed, isolated, doubled, opposed, chain, backward, candidate;
+    Score value = SCORE_ZERO;
+    const Square* pl = pos.list<PAWN>(Us);
 
-PawnInfoTable::PawnInfoTable() {
+    Bitboard ourPawns = pos.pieces(Us, PAWN);
+    Bitboard theirPawns = pos.pieces(Them, PAWN);
 
-  entries = new PawnInfo[PawnTableSize];
+    e->passedPawns[Us] = 0;
+    e->kingSquares[Us] = SQ_NONE;
+    e->semiopenFiles[Us] = 0xFF;
+    e->pawnAttacks[Us] = shift_bb<Right>(ourPawns) | shift_bb<Left>(ourPawns);
+    e->pawnsOnSquares[Us][BLACK] = popcount<Max15>(ourPawns & DarkSquares);
+    e->pawnsOnSquares[Us][WHITE] = pos.count<PAWN>(Us) - e->pawnsOnSquares[Us][BLACK];
 
-  if (!entries)
-  {
-      std::cerr << "Failed to allocate " << (PawnTableSize * sizeof(PawnInfo))
-                << " bytes for pawn hash table." << std::endl;
-      exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+    // Loop through all pawns of the current color and score each pawn
+    while ((s = *pl++) != SQ_NONE)
+    {
+        assert(pos.piece_on(s) == make_piece(Us, PAWN));
+
+        f = file_of(s);
+        r = rank_of(s);
+
+        // This file cannot be semi-open
+        e->semiopenFiles[Us] &= ~(1 << f);
+
+        // Our rank plus previous one. Used for chain detection
+        b = rank_bb(r) | rank_bb(Us == WHITE ? r - Rank(1) : r + Rank(1));
+
+        // Flag the pawn as passed, isolated, doubled or member of a pawn
+        // chain (but not the backward one).
+        chain    =   ourPawns   & adjacent_files_bb(f) & b;
+        isolated = !(ourPawns   & adjacent_files_bb(f));
+        doubled  =   ourPawns   & forward_bb(Us, s);
+        opposed  =   theirPawns & forward_bb(Us, s);
+        passed   = !(theirPawns & passed_pawn_mask(Us, s));
+
+        // Test for backward pawn
+        backward = false;
+
+        // If the pawn is passed, isolated, or member of a pawn chain it cannot
+        // be backward. If there are friendly pawns behind on adjacent files
+        // or if can capture an enemy pawn it cannot be backward either.
+        if (   !(passed | isolated | chain)
+            && !(ourPawns & pawn_attack_span(Them, s))
+            && !(pos.attacks_from<PAWN>(s, Us) & theirPawns))
+        {
+            // We now know that there are no friendly pawns beside or behind this
+            // pawn on adjacent files. We now check whether the pawn is
+            // backward by looking in the forward direction on the adjacent
+            // files, and seeing whether we meet a friendly or an enemy pawn first.
+            b = pos.attacks_from<PAWN>(s, Us);
+
+            // Note that we are sure to find something because pawn is not passed
+            // nor isolated, so loop is potentially infinite, but it isn't.
+            while (!(b & (ourPawns | theirPawns)))
+                b = shift_bb<Up>(b);
+
+            // The friendly pawn needs to be at least two ranks closer than the
+            // enemy pawn in order to help the potentially backward pawn advance.
+            backward = (b | shift_bb<Up>(b)) & theirPawns;
+        }
+
+        assert(opposed | passed | (pawn_attack_span(Us, s) & theirPawns));
+
+        // A not passed pawn is a candidate to become passed if it is free to
+        // advance and if the number of friendly pawns beside or behind this
+        // pawn on adjacent files is higher or equal than the number of
+        // enemy pawns in the forward direction on the adjacent files.
+        candidate =   !(opposed | passed | backward | isolated)
+                   && (b = pawn_attack_span(Them, s + pawn_push(Us)) & ourPawns) != 0
+                   &&  popcount<Max15>(b) >= popcount<Max15>(pawn_attack_span(Us, s) & theirPawns);
+
+        // Passed pawns will be properly scored in evaluation because we need
+        // full attack info to evaluate passed pawns. Only the frontmost passed
+        // pawn on each file is considered a true passed pawn.
+        if (passed && !doubled)
+            e->passedPawns[Us] |= s;
+
+        // Score this pawn
+        if (isolated)
+            value -= Isolated[opposed][f];
+
+        if (doubled)
+            value -= Doubled[opposed][f];
+
+        if (backward)
+            value -= Backward[opposed][f];
+
+        if (chain)
+            value += ChainMember[f];
+
+        if (candidate)
+            value += CandidatePassed[relative_rank(Us, s)];
+    }
+
+    return value;
   }
-  memset(entries, 0, PawnTableSize * sizeof(PawnInfo));
+
+} // namespace
+
+namespace Pawns {
+
+/// probe() takes a position object as input, computes a Entry object, and returns
+/// a pointer to it. The result is also stored in a hash table, so we don't have
+/// to recompute everything when the same pawn structure occurs again.
+
+Entry* probe(const Position& pos, Table& entries) {
+
+  Key key = pos.pawn_key();
+  Entry* e = entries[key];
+
+  if (e->key == key)
+      return e;
+
+  e->key = key;
+  e->value = evaluate<WHITE>(pos, e) - evaluate<BLACK>(pos, e);
+  return e;
 }
 
 
-PawnInfoTable::~PawnInfoTable() {
-
-  delete [] entries;
-}
-
-
-/// PawnInfoTable::get_pawn_info() takes a position object as input, computes
-/// a PawnInfo object, and returns a pointer to it. The result is also stored
-/// in a hash table, so we don't have to recompute everything when the same
-/// pawn structure occurs again.
-
-PawnInfo* PawnInfoTable::get_pawn_info(const Position& pos) const {
-
-  assert(pos.is_ok());
-
-  Key key = pos.get_pawn_key();
-  unsigned index = unsigned(key & (PawnTableSize - 1));
-  PawnInfo* pi = entries + index;
-
-  // If pi->key matches the position's pawn hash key, it means that we
-  // have analysed this pawn structure before, and we can simply return
-  // the information we found the last time instead of recomputing it.
-  if (pi->key == key)
-      return pi;
-
-  // Clear the PawnInfo object, and set the key
-  memset(pi, 0, sizeof(PawnInfo));
-  pi->halfOpenFiles[WHITE] = pi->halfOpenFiles[BLACK] = 0xFF;
-  pi->kingSquares[WHITE] = pi->kingSquares[BLACK] = SQ_NONE;
-  pi->key = key;
-
-  // Calculate pawn attacks
-  Bitboard wPawns = pos.pieces(PAWN, WHITE);
-  Bitboard bPawns = pos.pieces(PAWN, BLACK);
-  pi->pawnAttacks[WHITE] = ((wPawns << 9) & ~FileABB) | ((wPawns << 7) & ~FileHBB);
-  pi->pawnAttacks[BLACK] = ((bPawns >> 7) & ~FileABB) | ((bPawns >> 9) & ~FileHBB);
-
-  // Evaluate pawns for both colors
-  pi->value =  evaluate_pawns<WHITE>(pos, wPawns, bPawns, pi)
-             - evaluate_pawns<BLACK>(pos, bPawns, wPawns, pi);
-  return pi;
-}
-
-
-/// PawnInfoTable::evaluate_pawns() evaluates each pawn of the given color
+/// Entry::shelter_storm() calculates shelter and storm penalties for the file
+/// the king is on, as well as the two adjacent files.
 
 template<Color Us>
-Score PawnInfoTable::evaluate_pawns(const Position& pos, Bitboard ourPawns,
-                                    Bitboard theirPawns, PawnInfo* pi) const {
-  Bitboard b;
-  Square s;
-  File f;
-  Rank r;
-  bool passed, isolated, doubled, opposed, chain, backward, candidate;
-  Score value = SCORE_ZERO;
-  const BitCountType Max15 = CpuIs64Bit ? CNT64_MAX15 : CNT32_MAX15;
-  const Square* ptr = pos.piece_list_begin(Us, PAWN);
+Value Entry::shelter_storm(const Position& pos, Square ksq) {
 
-  // Loop through all pawns of the current color and score each pawn
-  while ((s = *ptr++) != SQ_NONE)
+  const Color Them = (Us == WHITE ? BLACK : WHITE);
+
+  Value safety = MaxSafetyBonus;
+  Bitboard b = pos.pieces(PAWN) & (in_front_bb(Us, rank_of(ksq)) | rank_bb(ksq));
+  Bitboard ourPawns = b & pos.pieces(Us);
+  Bitboard theirPawns = b & pos.pieces(Them);
+  Rank rkUs, rkThem;
+  File kf = file_of(ksq);
+
+  kf = (kf == FILE_A) ? FILE_B : (kf == FILE_H) ? FILE_G : kf;
+
+  for (int f = kf - 1; f <= kf + 1; f++)
   {
-      assert(pos.piece_on(s) == piece_of_color_and_type(Us, PAWN));
+      b = ourPawns & FileBB[f];
+      rkUs = b ? relative_rank(Us, Us == WHITE ? lsb(b) : msb(b)) : RANK_1;
+      safety -= ShelterWeakness[rkUs];
 
-      f = square_file(s);
-      r = square_rank(s);
-
-      // This file cannot be half open
-      pi->halfOpenFiles[Us] &= ~(1 << f);
-
-      // Our rank plus previous one. Used for chain detection.
-      b = rank_bb(r) | rank_bb(Us == WHITE ? r - Rank(1) : r + Rank(1));
-
-      // Passed, isolated, doubled or member of a pawn
-      // chain (but not the backward one) ?
-      passed   = !(theirPawns & passed_pawn_mask(Us, s));
-      doubled  =   ourPawns   & squares_in_front_of(Us, s);
-      opposed  =   theirPawns & squares_in_front_of(Us, s);
-      isolated = !(ourPawns   & neighboring_files_bb(f));
-      chain    =   ourPawns   & neighboring_files_bb(f) & b;
-
-      // Test for backward pawn
-      //
-      backward = false;
-
-      // If the pawn is passed, isolated, or member of a pawn chain
-      // it cannot be backward. If can capture an enemy pawn or if
-      // there are friendly pawns behind on neighboring files it cannot
-      // be backward either.
-      if (   !(passed | isolated | chain)
-          && !(ourPawns & attack_span_mask(opposite_color(Us), s))
-          && !(pos.attacks_from<PAWN>(s, Us) & theirPawns))
-      {
-          // We now know that there are no friendly pawns beside or behind this
-          // pawn on neighboring files. We now check whether the pawn is
-          // backward by looking in the forward direction on the neighboring
-          // files, and seeing whether we meet a friendly or an enemy pawn first.
-          b = pos.attacks_from<PAWN>(s, Us);
-
-          // Note that we are sure to find something because pawn is not passed
-          // nor isolated, so loop is potentially infinite, but it isn't.
-          while (!(b & (ourPawns | theirPawns)))
-              Us == WHITE ? b <<= 8 : b >>= 8;
-
-          // The friendly pawn needs to be at least two ranks closer than the enemy
-          // pawn in order to help the potentially backward pawn advance.
-          backward = (b | (Us == WHITE ? b << 8 : b >> 8)) & theirPawns;
-      }
-
-      assert(passed | opposed | (attack_span_mask(Us, s) & theirPawns));
-
-      // Test for candidate passed pawn
-      candidate =   !(opposed | passed)
-                 && (b = attack_span_mask(opposite_color(Us), s + pawn_push(Us)) & ourPawns) != EmptyBoardBB
-                 &&  count_1s<Max15>(b) >= count_1s<Max15>(attack_span_mask(Us, s) & theirPawns);
-
-      // Mark the pawn as passed. Pawn will be properly scored in evaluation
-      // because we need full attack info to evaluate passed pawns. Only the
-      // frontmost passed pawn on each file is considered a true passed pawn.
-      if (passed && !doubled)
-          set_bit(&(pi->passedPawns[Us]), s);
-
-      // Score this pawn
-      if (isolated)
-          value -= IsolatedPawnPenalty[opposed][f];
-
-      if (doubled)
-          value -= DoubledPawnPenalty[opposed][f];
-
-      if (backward)
-          value -= BackwardPawnPenalty[opposed][f];
-
-      if (chain)
-          value += ChainBonus[f];
-
-      if (candidate)
-          value += CandidateBonus[relative_rank(Us, s)];
+      b  = theirPawns & FileBB[f];
+      rkThem = b ? relative_rank(Us, Us == WHITE ? lsb(b) : msb(b)) : RANK_1;
+      safety -= StormDanger[rkUs == RANK_1 ? 0 : rkThem == rkUs + 1 ? 2 : 1][rkThem];
   }
-  return value;
+
+  return safety;
 }
+
+
+/// Entry::update_safety() calculates and caches a bonus for king safety. It is
+/// called only when king square changes, about 20% of total king_safety() calls.
+
+template<Color Us>
+Score Entry::update_safety(const Position& pos, Square ksq) {
+
+  kingSquares[Us] = ksq;
+  castleRights[Us] = pos.can_castle(Us);
+  minKPdistance[Us] = 0;
+
+  Bitboard pawns = pos.pieces(Us, PAWN);
+  if (pawns)
+      while (!(DistanceRingsBB[ksq][minKPdistance[Us]++] & pawns)) {}
+
+  if (relative_rank(Us, ksq) > RANK_4)
+      return kingSafety[Us] = make_score(0, -16 * minKPdistance[Us]);
+
+  Value bonus = shelter_storm<Us>(pos, ksq);
+
+  // If we can castle use the bonus after the castle if is bigger
+  if (pos.can_castle(make_castle_right(Us, KING_SIDE)))
+      bonus = std::max(bonus, shelter_storm<Us>(pos, relative_square(Us, SQ_G1)));
+
+  if (pos.can_castle(make_castle_right(Us, QUEEN_SIDE)))
+      bonus = std::max(bonus, shelter_storm<Us>(pos, relative_square(Us, SQ_C1)));
+
+  return kingSafety[Us] = make_score(bonus, -16 * minKPdistance[Us]);
+}
+
+// Explicit template instantiation
+template Score Entry::update_safety<WHITE>(const Position& pos, Square ksq);
+template Score Entry::update_safety<BLACK>(const Position& pos, Square ksq);
+
+} // namespace Pawns

src/pawns.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,147 +17,62 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-
-#if !defined(PAWNS_H_INCLUDED)
+#ifndef PAWNS_H_INCLUDED
 #define PAWNS_H_INCLUDED
 
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
-#include "bitboard.h"
+#include "misc.h"
 #include "position.h"
-#include "value.h"
+#include "types.h"
 
-////
-//// Types
-////
+namespace Pawns {
 
-const int PawnTableSize = 16384;
+/// Pawns::Entry contains various information about a pawn structure. Currently,
+/// it only includes a middle game and end game pawn structure evaluation, and a
+/// bitboard of passed pawns. We may want to add further information in the future.
+/// A lookup to the pawn hash table (performed by calling the probe function)
+/// returns a pointer to an Entry object.
 
-/// PawnInfo is a class which contains various information about a pawn
-/// structure. Currently, it only includes a middle game and an end game
-/// pawn structure evaluation, and a bitboard of passed pawns. We may want
-/// to add further information in the future. A lookup to the pawn hash table
-/// (performed by calling the get_pawn_info method in a PawnInfoTable object)
-/// returns a pointer to a PawnInfo object.
-class PawnInfo {
+struct Entry {
 
-  friend class PawnInfoTable;
+  Score pawns_value() const { return value; }
+  Bitboard pawn_attacks(Color c) const { return pawnAttacks[c]; }
+  Bitboard passed_pawns(Color c) const { return passedPawns[c]; }
+  int pawns_on_same_color_squares(Color c, Square s) const { return pawnsOnSquares[c][!!(DarkSquares & s)]; }
+  int semiopen(Color c, File f) const { return semiopenFiles[c] & (1 << int(f)); }
+  int semiopen_on_side(Color c, File f, bool left) const {
 
-public:
-  Score pawns_value() const;
-  Bitboard pawn_attacks(Color c) const;
-  Bitboard passed_pawns(Color c) const;
-  int file_is_half_open(Color c, File f) const;
-  int has_open_file_to_left(Color c, File f) const;
-  int has_open_file_to_right(Color c, File f) const;
+    return semiopenFiles[c] & (left ? ((1 << int(f)) - 1) : ~((1 << int(f+1)) - 1));
+  }
 
   template<Color Us>
-  Score king_shelter(const Position& pos, Square ksq);
+  Score king_safety(const Position& pos, Square ksq)  {
+
+    return kingSquares[Us] == ksq && castleRights[Us] == pos.can_castle(Us)
+         ? kingSafety[Us] : update_safety<Us>(pos, ksq);
+  }
 
-private:
   template<Color Us>
-  Score updateShelter(const Position& pos, Square ksq);
+  Score update_safety(const Position& pos, Square ksq);
+
+  template<Color Us>
+  Value shelter_storm(const Position& pos, Square ksq);
 
   Key key;
-  Bitboard passedPawns[2];
-  Bitboard pawnAttacks[2];
-  Square kingSquares[2];
+  Bitboard passedPawns[COLOR_NB];
+  Bitboard pawnAttacks[COLOR_NB];
+  Square kingSquares[COLOR_NB];
+  int minKPdistance[COLOR_NB];
+  int castleRights[COLOR_NB];
   Score value;
-  int halfOpenFiles[2];
-  Score kingShelters[2];
+  int semiopenFiles[COLOR_NB];
+  Score kingSafety[COLOR_NB];
+  int pawnsOnSquares[COLOR_NB][COLOR_NB];
 };
 
-/// The PawnInfoTable class represents a pawn hash table.  It is basically
-/// just an array of PawnInfo objects and a few methods for accessing these
-/// objects.  The most important method is get_pawn_info, which looks up a
-/// position in the table and returns a pointer to a PawnInfo object.
+typedef HashTable<Entry, 16384> Table;
 
-class PawnInfoTable {
+Entry* probe(const Position& pos, Table& entries);
 
-  enum SideType { KingSide, QueenSide };
-
-  PawnInfoTable(const PawnInfoTable&);
-  PawnInfoTable& operator=(const PawnInfoTable&);
-
-public:
-  PawnInfoTable();
-  ~PawnInfoTable();
-  PawnInfo* get_pawn_info(const Position& pos) const;
-  void prefetch(Key key) const;
-
-private:
-  template<Color Us>
-  Score evaluate_pawns(const Position& pos, Bitboard ourPawns, Bitboard theirPawns, PawnInfo* pi) const;
-
-  PawnInfo* entries;
-};
-
-
-////
-//// Inline functions
-////
-
-inline void PawnInfoTable::prefetch(Key key) const {
-
-    unsigned index = unsigned(key & (PawnTableSize - 1));
-    PawnInfo* pi = entries + index;
-    ::prefetch((char*) pi);
 }
 
-inline Score PawnInfo::pawns_value() const {
-  return value;
-}
-
-inline Bitboard PawnInfo::pawn_attacks(Color c) const {
-  return pawnAttacks[c];
-}
-
-inline Bitboard PawnInfo::passed_pawns(Color c) const {
-  return passedPawns[c];
-}
-
-inline int PawnInfo::file_is_half_open(Color c, File f) const {
-  return (halfOpenFiles[c] & (1 << int(f)));
-}
-
-inline int PawnInfo::has_open_file_to_left(Color c, File f) const {
-  return halfOpenFiles[c] & ((1 << int(f)) - 1);
-}
-
-inline int PawnInfo::has_open_file_to_right(Color c, File f) const {
-  return halfOpenFiles[c] & ~((1 << int(f+1)) - 1);
-}
-
-/// PawnInfo::updateShelter() calculates and caches king shelter. It is called
-/// only when king square changes, about 20% of total king_shelter() calls.
-template<Color Us>
-Score PawnInfo::updateShelter(const Position& pos, Square ksq) {
-
-  const int Shift = (Us == WHITE ? 8 : -8);
-
-  Bitboard pawns;
-  int r, shelter = 0;
-
-  if (relative_rank(Us, ksq) <= RANK_4)
-  {
-      pawns = pos.pieces(PAWN, Us) & this_and_neighboring_files_bb(ksq);
-      r = square_rank(ksq) * 8;
-      for (int i = 1; i < 4; i++)
-      {
-          r += Shift;
-          shelter += BitCount8Bit[(pawns >> r) & 0xFF] * (128 >> i);
-      }
-  }
-  kingSquares[Us] = ksq;
-  kingShelters[Us] = make_score(shelter, 0);
-  return kingShelters[Us];
-}
-
-template<Color Us>
-inline Score PawnInfo::king_shelter(const Position& pos, Square ksq) {
-  return kingSquares[Us] == ksq ? kingShelters[Us] : updateShelter<Us>(pos, ksq);
-}
-
-#endif // !defined(PAWNS_H_INCLUDED)
+#endif // #ifndef PAWNS_H_INCLUDED

src/piece.h

@@ -1,111 +0,0 @@
-/*
-  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
-  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
-
-  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-  (at your option) any later version.
-
-  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-  GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-*/
-
-
-#if !defined(PIECE_H_INCLUDED)
-#define PIECE_H_INCLUDED
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
-#include <string>
-
-#include "color.h"
-#include "square.h"
-#include "value.h"
-
-
-////
-//// Types
-////
-
-enum PieceType {
-  PIECE_TYPE_NONE = 0,
-  PAWN = 1, KNIGHT = 2, BISHOP = 3, ROOK = 4, QUEEN = 5, KING = 6
-};
-
-enum Piece {
-  PIECE_NONE_DARK_SQ = 0, WP = 1, WN = 2, WB = 3, WR = 4, WQ = 5, WK = 6,
-  BP = 9, BN = 10, BB = 11, BR = 12, BQ = 13, BK = 14, PIECE_NONE = 16
-};
-
-ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(PieceType);
-ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(Piece);
-
-
-////
-//// Constants
-////
-
-/// Important: If the material values are changed, one must also
-/// adjust the piece square tables, and the method game_phase() in the
-/// Position class!
-///
-/// Values modified by Joona Kiiski
-
-const Value PawnValueMidgame   = Value(0x0C6);
-const Value PawnValueEndgame   = Value(0x102);
-const Value KnightValueMidgame = Value(0x331);
-const Value KnightValueEndgame = Value(0x34E);
-const Value BishopValueMidgame = Value(0x344);
-const Value BishopValueEndgame = Value(0x359);
-const Value RookValueMidgame   = Value(0x4F6);
-const Value RookValueEndgame   = Value(0x4FE);
-const Value QueenValueMidgame  = Value(0x9D9);
-const Value QueenValueEndgame  = Value(0x9FE);
-
-
-////
-//// Inline functions
-////
-
-inline PieceType type_of_piece(Piece p)  {
-  return PieceType(int(p) & 7);
-}
-
-inline Color color_of_piece(Piece p) {
-  return Color(int(p) >> 3);
-}
-
-inline Piece piece_of_color_and_type(Color c, PieceType pt) {
-  return Piece((int(c) << 3) | int(pt));
-}
-
-inline SquareDelta pawn_push(Color c) {
-    return (c == WHITE ? DELTA_N : DELTA_S);
-}
-
-inline bool piece_type_is_ok(PieceType pt) {
-  return pt >= PAWN && pt <= KING;
-}
-
-inline bool piece_is_ok(Piece p) {
-  return piece_type_is_ok(type_of_piece(p)) && color_is_ok(color_of_piece(p));
-}
-
-inline char piece_type_to_char(PieceType pt) {
-  return std::string(" PNBRQK")[pt];
-}
-
-inline PieceType piece_type_from_char(char c) {
-  return PieceType(std::string(" PNBRQK").find(c));
-}
-
-#endif // !defined(PIECE_H_INCLUDED)

src/platform.h

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+/*
+  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
+  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+
+  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+  GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+#ifndef PLATFORM_H_INCLUDED
+#define PLATFORM_H_INCLUDED
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+
+// Disable some silly and noisy warning from MSVC compiler
+#pragma warning(disable: 4127) // Conditional expression is constant
+#pragma warning(disable: 4146) // Unary minus operator applied to unsigned type
+#pragma warning(disable: 4800) // Forcing value to bool 'true' or 'false'
+#pragma warning(disable: 4996) // Function _ftime() may be unsafe
+
+// MSVC does not support <inttypes.h>
+typedef   signed __int8    int8_t;
+typedef unsigned __int8   uint8_t;
+typedef   signed __int16  int16_t;
+typedef unsigned __int16 uint16_t;
+typedef   signed __int32  int32_t;
+typedef unsigned __int32 uint32_t;
+typedef   signed __int64  int64_t;
+typedef unsigned __int64 uint64_t;
+
+#else
+#  include <inttypes.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifndef _WIN32 // Linux - Unix
+
+#  include <sys/time.h>
+
+inline int64_t system_time_to_msec() {
+  timeval t;
+  gettimeofday(&t, NULL);
+  return t.tv_sec * 1000LL + t.tv_usec / 1000;
+}
+
+#  include <pthread.h>
+typedef pthread_mutex_t Lock;
+typedef pthread_cond_t WaitCondition;
+typedef pthread_t NativeHandle;
+typedef void*(*pt_start_fn)(void*);
+
+#  define lock_init(x) pthread_mutex_init(&(x), NULL)
+#  define lock_grab(x) pthread_mutex_lock(&(x))
+#  define lock_release(x) pthread_mutex_unlock(&(x))
+#  define lock_destroy(x) pthread_mutex_destroy(&(x))
+#  define cond_destroy(x) pthread_cond_destroy(&(x))
+#  define cond_init(x) pthread_cond_init(&(x), NULL)
+#  define cond_signal(x) pthread_cond_signal(&(x))
+#  define cond_wait(x,y) pthread_cond_wait(&(x),&(y))
+#  define cond_timedwait(x,y,z) pthread_cond_timedwait(&(x),&(y),z)
+#  define thread_create(x,f,t) pthread_create(&(x),NULL,(pt_start_fn)f,t)
+#  define thread_join(x) pthread_join(x, NULL)
+
+#else // Windows and MinGW
+
+#  include <sys/timeb.h>
+
+inline int64_t system_time_to_msec() {
+  _timeb t;
+  _ftime(&t);
+  return t.time * 1000LL + t.millitm;
+}
+
+#ifndef NOMINMAX
+#  define NOMINMAX // disable macros min() and max()
+#endif
+
+#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+#include <windows.h>
+#undef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+#undef NOMINMAX
+
+// We use critical sections on Windows to support Windows XP and older versions,
+// unfortunatly cond_wait() is racy between lock_release() and WaitForSingleObject()
+// but apart from this they have the same speed performance of SRW locks.
+typedef CRITICAL_SECTION Lock;
+typedef HANDLE WaitCondition;
+typedef HANDLE NativeHandle;
+
+// On Windows 95 and 98 parameter lpThreadId my not be null
+inline DWORD* dwWin9xKludge() { static DWORD dw; return &dw; }
+
+#  define lock_init(x) InitializeCriticalSection(&(x))
+#  define lock_grab(x) EnterCriticalSection(&(x))
+#  define lock_release(x) LeaveCriticalSection(&(x))
+#  define lock_destroy(x) DeleteCriticalSection(&(x))
+#  define cond_init(x) { x = CreateEvent(0, FALSE, FALSE, 0); }
+#  define cond_destroy(x) CloseHandle(x)
+#  define cond_signal(x) SetEvent(x)
+#  define cond_wait(x,y) { lock_release(y); WaitForSingleObject(x, INFINITE); lock_grab(y); }
+#  define cond_timedwait(x,y,z) { lock_release(y); WaitForSingleObject(x,z); lock_grab(y); }
+#  define thread_create(x,f,t) (x = CreateThread(NULL,0,(LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)f,t,0,dwWin9xKludge()))
+#  define thread_join(x) { WaitForSingleObject(x, INFINITE); CloseHandle(x); }
+
+#endif
+
+#endif // #ifndef PLATFORM_H_INCLUDED

src/position.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,85 +17,56 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-
-#if !defined(POSITION_H_INCLUDED)
+#ifndef POSITION_H_INCLUDED
 #define POSITION_H_INCLUDED
 
-////
-//// Includes
-////
+#include <cassert>
+#include <cstddef>
 
 #include "bitboard.h"
-#include "color.h"
-#include "move.h"
-#include "piece.h"
-#include "square.h"
-#include "value.h"
+#include "types.h"
 
 
-////
-//// Constants
-////
-
-/// Maximum number of plies per game (220 should be enough, because the
-/// maximum search depth is 100, and during position setup we reset the
-/// move counter for every non-reversible move).
-const int MaxGameLength = 220;
-
-
-////
-//// Types
-////
-
-/// struct checkInfo is initialized at c'tor time and keeps
-/// info used to detect if a move gives check.
+/// The checkInfo struct is initialized at c'tor time and keeps info used
+/// to detect if a move gives check.
+class Position;
+struct Thread;
 
 struct CheckInfo {
 
-    explicit CheckInfo(const Position&);
+  explicit CheckInfo(const Position&);
 
-    Bitboard dcCandidates;
-    Bitboard checkSq[8];
-    Square ksq;
-};
-
-/// Castle rights, encoded as bit fields
-
-enum CastleRights {
-  CASTLES_NONE = 0,
-  WHITE_OO     = 1,
-  BLACK_OO     = 2,
-  WHITE_OOO    = 4,
-  BLACK_OOO    = 8,
-  ALL_CASTLES  = 15
-};
-
-/// Game phase
-enum Phase {
-  PHASE_ENDGAME = 0,
-  PHASE_MIDGAME = 128
+  Bitboard dcCandidates;
+  Bitboard pinned;
+  Bitboard checkSq[PIECE_TYPE_NB];
+  Square ksq;
 };
 
 
 /// The StateInfo struct stores information we need to restore a Position
 /// object to its previous state when we retract a move. Whenever a move
-/// is made on the board (by calling Position::do_move), an StateInfo object
+/// is made on the board (by calling Position::do_move), a StateInfo object
 /// must be passed as a parameter.
 
 struct StateInfo {
   Key pawnKey, materialKey;
-  int castleRights, rule50, gamePly, pliesFromNull;
+  Value npMaterial[COLOR_NB];
+  int castleRights, rule50, pliesFromNull;
+  Score psq;
   Square epSquare;
-  Score value;
-  Value npMaterial[2];
 
-  PieceType capturedType;
   Key key;
   Bitboard checkersBB;
+  PieceType capturedType;
   StateInfo* previous;
 };
 
 
+/// When making a move the current StateInfo up to 'key' excluded is copied to
+/// the new one. Here we calculate the quad words (64bits) needed to be copied.
+const size_t StateCopySize64 = offsetof(StateInfo, key) / sizeof(uint64_t) + 1;
+
+
 /// The position data structure. A position consists of the following data:
 ///
 ///    * For each piece type, a bitboard representing the squares occupied
@@ -119,108 +90,68 @@ struct StateInfo {
 ///    * A counter for detecting 50 move rule draws.
 
 class Position {
-
-  friend class MaterialInfo;
-  friend class EndgameFunctions;
-
-  Position(); // No default or copy c'tor allowed
-  Position(const Position& pos);
-
 public:
-  enum GamePhase {
-      MidGame,
-      EndGame
-  };
-
-  // Constructors
-  Position(const Position& pos, int threadID);
-  Position(const std::string& fen, int threadID);
+  Position() {}
+  Position(const Position& p, Thread* t) { *this = p; thisThread = t; }
+  Position(const std::string& f, bool c960, Thread* t) { set(f, c960, t); }
+  Position& operator=(const Position&);
+  static void init();
 
   // Text input/output
-  void from_fen(const std::string& fen);
-  const std::string to_fen() const;
-  void print(Move m = MOVE_NONE) const;
+  void set(const std::string& fen, bool isChess960, Thread* th);
+  const std::string fen() const;
+  const std::string pretty(Move m = MOVE_NONE) const;
 
-  // Copying
-  void flipped_copy(const Position& pos);
-
-  // The piece on a given square
-  Piece piece_on(Square s) const;
-  PieceType type_of_piece_on(Square s) const;
-  Color color_of_piece_on(Square s) const;
-  bool square_is_empty(Square s) const;
-  bool square_is_occupied(Square s) const;
-  Value midgame_value_of_piece_on(Square s) const;
-  Value endgame_value_of_piece_on(Square s) const;
-
-  // Side to move
-  Color side_to_move() const;
-
-  // Bitboard representation of the position
-  Bitboard empty_squares() const;
-  Bitboard occupied_squares() const;
-  Bitboard pieces_of_color(Color c) const;
+  // Position representation
+  Bitboard pieces() const;
   Bitboard pieces(PieceType pt) const;
-  Bitboard pieces(PieceType pt, Color c) const;
   Bitboard pieces(PieceType pt1, PieceType pt2) const;
-  Bitboard pieces(PieceType pt1, PieceType pt2, Color c) const;
-
-  // Number of pieces of each color and type
-  int piece_count(Color c, PieceType pt) const;
-
-  // The en passant square
-  Square ep_square() const;
-
-  // Current king position for each color
+  Bitboard pieces(Color c) const;
+  Bitboard pieces(Color c, PieceType pt) const;
+  Bitboard pieces(Color c, PieceType pt1, PieceType pt2) const;
+  Piece piece_on(Square s) const;
   Square king_square(Color c) const;
+  Square ep_square() const;
+  bool is_empty(Square s) const;
+  template<PieceType Pt> int count(Color c) const;
+  template<PieceType Pt> const Square* list(Color c) const;
 
-  // Castling rights
-  bool can_castle_kingside(Color c) const;
-  bool can_castle_queenside(Color c) const;
-  bool can_castle(Color c) const;
-  Square initial_kr_square(Color c) const;
-  Square initial_qr_square(Color c) const;
+  // Castling
+  int can_castle(CastleRight f) const;
+  int can_castle(Color c) const;
+  bool castle_impeded(Color c, CastlingSide s) const;
+  Square castle_rook_square(Color c, CastlingSide s) const;
 
-  // Bitboards for pinned pieces and discovered check candidates
-  Bitboard discovered_check_candidates(Color c) const;
-  Bitboard pinned_pieces(Color c) const;
-
-  // Checking pieces and under check information
+  // Checking
   Bitboard checkers() const;
-  bool is_check() const;
+  Bitboard discovered_check_candidates() const;
+  Bitboard pinned_pieces() const;
 
-  // Piece lists
-  Square piece_list(Color c, PieceType pt, int index) const;
-  const Square* piece_list_begin(Color c, PieceType pt) const;
-
-  // Information about attacks to or from a given square
+  // Attacks to/from a given square
   Bitboard attackers_to(Square s) const;
+  Bitboard attackers_to(Square s, Bitboard occ) const;
   Bitboard attacks_from(Piece p, Square s) const;
   static Bitboard attacks_from(Piece p, Square s, Bitboard occ);
   template<PieceType> Bitboard attacks_from(Square s) const;
   template<PieceType> Bitboard attacks_from(Square s, Color c) const;
 
   // Properties of moves
+  bool move_gives_check(Move m, const CheckInfo& ci) const;
   bool pl_move_is_legal(Move m, Bitboard pinned) const;
-  bool pl_move_is_evasion(Move m, Bitboard pinned) const;
-  bool move_is_check(Move m) const;
-  bool move_is_check(Move m, const CheckInfo& ci) const;
-  bool move_is_capture(Move m) const;
-  bool move_is_capture_or_promotion(Move m) const;
-  bool move_is_passed_pawn_push(Move m) const;
-  bool move_attacks_square(Move m, Square s) const;
-
-  // Piece captured with previous moves
+  bool is_pseudo_legal(const Move m) const;
+  bool is_capture(Move m) const;
+  bool is_capture_or_promotion(Move m) const;
+  bool is_passed_pawn_push(Move m) const;
+  Piece piece_moved(Move m) const;
   PieceType captured_piece_type() const;
 
-  // Information about pawns
+  // Piece specific
   bool pawn_is_passed(Color c, Square s) const;
-
-  // Weak squares
-  bool square_is_weak(Square s, Color c) const;
+  bool pawn_on_7th(Color c) const;
+  bool opposite_bishops() const;
+  bool bishop_pair(Color c) const;
 
   // Doing and undoing moves
-  void detach();
   void do_move(Move m, StateInfo& st);
   void do_move(Move m, StateInfo& st, const CheckInfo& ci, bool moveIsCheck);
   void undo_move(Move m);
@@ -228,71 +159,43 @@ public:
   void undo_null_move();
 
   // Static exchange evaluation
-  int see(Square from, Square to) const;
-  int see(Move m) const;
+  int see(Move m, int asymmThreshold = 0) const;
   int see_sign(Move m) const;
 
   // Accessing hash keys
-  Key get_key() const;
-  Key get_exclusion_key() const;
-  Key get_pawn_key() const;
-  Key get_material_key() const;
+  Key key() const;
+  Key exclusion_key() const;
+  Key pawn_key() const;
+  Key material_key() const;
 
-  // Incremental evaluation
-  Score value() const;
+  // Incremental piece-square evaluation
+  Score psq_score() const;
   Value non_pawn_material(Color c) const;
-  static Score pst_delta(Piece piece, Square from, Square to);
-
-  // Game termination checks
-  bool is_mate() const;
-  bool is_draw() const;
-
-  // Check if side to move could be mated in one
-  bool has_mate_threat();
-
-  // Number of plies since the last non-reversible move
-  int rule_50_counter() const;
-
-  int startpos_ply_counter() const;
 
   // Other properties of the position
-  bool opposite_colored_bishops() const;
-  bool has_pawn_on_7th(Color c) const;
+  Color side_to_move() const;
+  int game_ply() const;
   bool is_chess960() const;
-
-  // Current thread ID searching on the position
-  int thread() const;
-
-  // Reset the gamePly variable to 0
-  void reset_game_ply();
-  void inc_startpos_ply_counter();
+  Thread* this_thread() const;
   int64_t nodes_searched() const;
   void set_nodes_searched(int64_t n);
+  bool is_draw() const;
 
   // Position consistency check, for debugging
-  bool is_ok(int* failedStep = NULL) const;
-
-  // Static member functions
-  static void init_zobrist();
-  static void init_piece_square_tables();
+  bool pos_is_ok(int* failedStep = NULL) const;
+  void flip();
 
 private:
-
-  // Initialization helper functions (used while setting up a position)
+  // Initialization helpers (used while setting up a position)
   void clear();
-  void put_piece(Piece p, Square s);
-  void do_allow_oo(Color c);
-  void do_allow_ooo(Color c);
-  bool set_castling_rights(char token);
+  void set_castle_right(Color c, Square rfrom);
 
-  // Helper functions for doing and undoing moves
-  void do_capture_move(Key& key, PieceType capture, Color them, Square to, bool ep);
-  void do_castle_move(Move m);
-  void undo_castle_move(Move m);
-  void find_checkers();
-
-  template<bool FindPinned>
-  Bitboard hidden_checkers(Color c) const;
+  // Helper functions
+  void do_castle(Square kfrom, Square kto, Square rfrom, Square rto);
+  Bitboard hidden_checkers(Square ksq, Color c) const;
+  void put_piece(Square s, Color c, PieceType pt);
+  void remove_piece(Square s, Color c, PieceType pt);
+  void move_piece(Square from, Square to, Color c, PieceType pt);
 
   // Computing hash keys from scratch (for initialization and debugging)
   Key compute_key() const;
@@ -300,52 +203,30 @@ private:
   Key compute_material_key() const;
 
   // Computing incremental evaluation scores and material counts
-  static Score pst(Color c, PieceType pt, Square s);
-  Score compute_value() const;
+  Score compute_psq_score() const;
   Value compute_non_pawn_material(Color c) const;
 
-  // Board
-  Piece board[64];
-
-  // Bitboards
-  Bitboard byTypeBB[8], byColorBB[2];
-
-  // Piece counts
-  int pieceCount[2][8]; // [color][pieceType]
-
-  // Piece lists
-  Square pieceList[2][8][16]; // [color][pieceType][index]
-  int index[64]; // [square]
+  // Board and pieces
+  Piece board[SQUARE_NB];
+  Bitboard byTypeBB[PIECE_TYPE_NB];
+  Bitboard byColorBB[COLOR_NB];
+  int pieceCount[COLOR_NB][PIECE_TYPE_NB];
+  Square pieceList[COLOR_NB][PIECE_TYPE_NB][16];
+  int index[SQUARE_NB];
 
   // Other info
-  Color sideToMove;
-  Key history[MaxGameLength];
-  int castleRightsMask[64];
+  int castleRightsMask[SQUARE_NB];
+  Square castleRookSquare[COLOR_NB][CASTLING_SIDE_NB];
+  Bitboard castlePath[COLOR_NB][CASTLING_SIDE_NB];
   StateInfo startState;
-  File initialKFile, initialKRFile, initialQRFile;
-  bool isChess960;
-  int startPosPlyCounter;
-  int threadID;
   int64_t nodes;
+  int gamePly;
+  Color sideToMove;
+  Thread* thisThread;
   StateInfo* st;
-
-  // Static variables
-  static Key zobrist[2][8][64];
-  static Key zobEp[64];
-  static Key zobCastle[16];
-  static Key zobSideToMove;
-  static Score PieceSquareTable[16][64];
-  static Key zobExclusion;
-  static const Value seeValues[8];
-  static const Value PieceValueMidgame[17];
-  static const Value PieceValueEndgame[17];
+  int chess960;
 };
 
-
-////
-//// Inline functions
-////
-
 inline int64_t Position::nodes_searched() const {
   return nodes;
 }
@@ -358,72 +239,48 @@ inline Piece Position::piece_on(Square s) const {
   return board[s];
 }
 
-inline Color Position::color_of_piece_on(Square s) const {
-  return color_of_piece(piece_on(s));
+inline Piece Position::piece_moved(Move m) const {
+  return board[from_sq(m)];
 }
 
-inline PieceType Position::type_of_piece_on(Square s) const {
-  return type_of_piece(piece_on(s));
-}
-
-inline bool Position::square_is_empty(Square s) const {
-  return piece_on(s) == PIECE_NONE;
-}
-
-inline bool Position::square_is_occupied(Square s) const {
-  return !square_is_empty(s);
-}
-
-inline Value Position::midgame_value_of_piece_on(Square s) const {
-  return PieceValueMidgame[piece_on(s)];
-}
-
-inline Value Position::endgame_value_of_piece_on(Square s) const {
-  return PieceValueEndgame[piece_on(s)];
+inline bool Position::is_empty(Square s) const {
+  return board[s] == NO_PIECE;
 }
 
 inline Color Position::side_to_move() const {
   return sideToMove;
 }
 
-inline Bitboard Position::occupied_squares() const {
-  return byTypeBB[0];
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::empty_squares() const {
-  return ~occupied_squares();
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::pieces_of_color(Color c) const {
-  return byColorBB[c];
+inline Bitboard Position::pieces() const {
+  return byTypeBB[ALL_PIECES];
 }
 
 inline Bitboard Position::pieces(PieceType pt) const {
   return byTypeBB[pt];
 }
 
-inline Bitboard Position::pieces(PieceType pt, Color c) const {
-  return byTypeBB[pt] & byColorBB[c];
-}
-
 inline Bitboard Position::pieces(PieceType pt1, PieceType pt2) const {
   return byTypeBB[pt1] | byTypeBB[pt2];
 }
 
-inline Bitboard Position::pieces(PieceType pt1, PieceType pt2, Color c) const {
-  return (byTypeBB[pt1] | byTypeBB[pt2]) & byColorBB[c];
+inline Bitboard Position::pieces(Color c) const {
+  return byColorBB[c];
 }
 
-inline int Position::piece_count(Color c, PieceType pt) const {
-  return pieceCount[c][pt];
+inline Bitboard Position::pieces(Color c, PieceType pt) const {
+  return byColorBB[c] & byTypeBB[pt];
 }
 
-inline Square Position::piece_list(Color c, PieceType pt, int idx) const {
-  return pieceList[c][pt][idx];
+inline Bitboard Position::pieces(Color c, PieceType pt1, PieceType pt2) const {
+  return byColorBB[c] & (byTypeBB[pt1] | byTypeBB[pt2]);
 }
 
-inline const Square* Position::piece_list_begin(Color c, PieceType pt) const {
-  return pieceList[c][pt];
+template<PieceType Pt> inline int Position::count(Color c) const {
+  return pieceCount[c][Pt];
+}
+
+template<PieceType Pt> inline const Square* Position::list(Color c) const {
+  return pieceList[c][Pt];
 }
 
 inline Square Position::ep_square() const {
@@ -434,155 +291,169 @@ inline Square Position::king_square(Color c) const {
   return pieceList[c][KING][0];
 }
 
-inline bool Position::can_castle_kingside(Color side) const {
-  return st->castleRights & (1+int(side));
+inline int Position::can_castle(CastleRight f) const {
+  return st->castleRights & f;
 }
 
-inline bool Position::can_castle_queenside(Color side) const {
-  return st->castleRights & (4+4*int(side));
+inline int Position::can_castle(Color c) const {
+  return st->castleRights & ((WHITE_OO | WHITE_OOO) << (2 * c));
 }
 
-inline bool Position::can_castle(Color side) const {
-  return can_castle_kingside(side) || can_castle_queenside(side);
+inline bool Position::castle_impeded(Color c, CastlingSide s) const {
+  return byTypeBB[ALL_PIECES] & castlePath[c][s];
 }
 
-inline Square Position::initial_kr_square(Color c) const {
-  return relative_square(c, make_square(initialKRFile, RANK_1));
+inline Square Position::castle_rook_square(Color c, CastlingSide s) const {
+  return castleRookSquare[c][s];
 }
 
-inline Square Position::initial_qr_square(Color c) const {
-  return relative_square(c, make_square(initialQRFile, RANK_1));
+template<PieceType Pt>
+inline Bitboard Position::attacks_from(Square s) const {
+
+  return  Pt == BISHOP || Pt == ROOK ? attacks_bb<Pt>(s, pieces())
+        : Pt == QUEEN  ? attacks_from<ROOK>(s) | attacks_from<BISHOP>(s)
+        : StepAttacksBB[Pt][s];
 }
 
 template<>
 inline Bitboard Position::attacks_from<PAWN>(Square s, Color c) const {
-  return StepAttackBB[piece_of_color_and_type(c, PAWN)][s];
+  return StepAttacksBB[make_piece(c, PAWN)][s];
 }
 
-template<PieceType Piece> // Knight and King and white pawns
-inline Bitboard Position::attacks_from(Square s) const {
-  return StepAttackBB[Piece][s];
+inline Bitboard Position::attacks_from(Piece p, Square s) const {
+  return attacks_from(p, s, byTypeBB[ALL_PIECES]);
 }
 
-template<>
-inline Bitboard Position::attacks_from<BISHOP>(Square s) const {
-  return bishop_attacks_bb(s, occupied_squares());
-}
-
-template<>
-inline Bitboard Position::attacks_from<ROOK>(Square s) const {
-  return rook_attacks_bb(s, occupied_squares());
-}
-
-template<>
-inline Bitboard Position::attacks_from<QUEEN>(Square s) const {
-  return attacks_from<ROOK>(s) | attacks_from<BISHOP>(s);
+inline Bitboard Position::attackers_to(Square s) const {
+  return attackers_to(s, byTypeBB[ALL_PIECES]);
 }
 
 inline Bitboard Position::checkers() const {
   return st->checkersBB;
 }
 
-inline bool Position::is_check() const {
-  return st->checkersBB != EmptyBoardBB;
+inline Bitboard Position::discovered_check_candidates() const {
+  return hidden_checkers(king_square(~sideToMove), sideToMove);
+}
+
+inline Bitboard Position::pinned_pieces() const {
+  return hidden_checkers(king_square(sideToMove), ~sideToMove);
 }
 
 inline bool Position::pawn_is_passed(Color c, Square s) const {
-  return !(pieces(PAWN, opposite_color(c)) & passed_pawn_mask(c, s));
+  return !(pieces(~c, PAWN) & passed_pawn_mask(c, s));
 }
 
-inline bool Position::square_is_weak(Square s, Color c) const {
-  return !(pieces(PAWN, opposite_color(c)) & attack_span_mask(c, s));
-}
-
-inline Key Position::get_key() const {
+inline Key Position::key() const {
   return st->key;
 }
 
-inline Key Position::get_exclusion_key() const {
-  return st->key ^ zobExclusion;
-}
-
-inline Key Position::get_pawn_key() const {
+inline Key Position::pawn_key() const {
   return st->pawnKey;
 }
 
-inline Key Position::get_material_key() const {
+inline Key Position::material_key() const {
   return st->materialKey;
 }
 
-inline Score Position::pst(Color c, PieceType pt, Square s) {
-  return PieceSquareTable[piece_of_color_and_type(c, pt)][s];
-}
-
-inline Score Position::pst_delta(Piece piece, Square from, Square to) {
-  return PieceSquareTable[piece][to] - PieceSquareTable[piece][from];
-}
-
-inline Score Position::value() const {
-  return st->value;
+inline Score Position::psq_score() const {
+  return st->psq;
 }
 
 inline Value Position::non_pawn_material(Color c) const {
   return st->npMaterial[c];
 }
 
-inline bool Position::move_is_passed_pawn_push(Move m) const {
+inline bool Position::is_passed_pawn_push(Move m) const {
 
-  Color c = side_to_move();
-  return   piece_on(move_from(m)) == piece_of_color_and_type(c, PAWN)
-        && pawn_is_passed(c, move_to(m));
+  return   type_of(piece_moved(m)) == PAWN
+        && pawn_is_passed(sideToMove, to_sq(m));
 }
 
-inline int Position::rule_50_counter() const {
-  return st->rule50;
+inline int Position::game_ply() const {
+  return gamePly;
 }
 
-inline int Position::startpos_ply_counter() const {
-  return startPosPlyCounter;
+inline bool Position::opposite_bishops() const {
+
+  return   pieceCount[WHITE][BISHOP] == 1
+        && pieceCount[BLACK][BISHOP] == 1
+        && opposite_colors(pieceList[WHITE][BISHOP][0], pieceList[BLACK][BISHOP][0]);
 }
 
-inline bool Position::opposite_colored_bishops() const {
+inline bool Position::bishop_pair(Color c) const {
 
-  return   piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP) == 1
-        && piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP) == 1
-        && !same_color_squares(piece_list(WHITE, BISHOP, 0), piece_list(BLACK, BISHOP, 0));
+  return   pieceCount[c][BISHOP] >= 2
+        && opposite_colors(pieceList[c][BISHOP][0], pieceList[c][BISHOP][1]);
 }
 
-inline bool Position::has_pawn_on_7th(Color c) const {
-  return pieces(PAWN, c) & relative_rank_bb(c, RANK_7);
+inline bool Position::pawn_on_7th(Color c) const {
+  return pieces(c, PAWN) & rank_bb(relative_rank(c, RANK_7));
 }
 
 inline bool Position::is_chess960() const {
-  return isChess960;
+  return chess960;
 }
 
-inline bool Position::move_is_capture(Move m) const {
+inline bool Position::is_capture_or_promotion(Move m) const {
 
-  // Move must not be MOVE_NONE !
-  return (m & (3 << 15)) ? !move_is_castle(m) : !square_is_empty(move_to(m));
+  assert(is_ok(m));
+  return type_of(m) ? type_of(m) != CASTLE : !is_empty(to_sq(m));
 }
 
-inline bool Position::move_is_capture_or_promotion(Move m) const {
+inline bool Position::is_capture(Move m) const {
 
-  // Move must not be MOVE_NONE !
-  return (m & (0x1F << 12)) ? !move_is_castle(m) : !square_is_empty(move_to(m));
+  // Note that castle is coded as "king captures the rook"
+  assert(is_ok(m));
+  return (!is_empty(to_sq(m)) && type_of(m) != CASTLE) || type_of(m) == ENPASSANT;
 }
 
 inline PieceType Position::captured_piece_type() const {
   return st->capturedType;
 }
 
-inline int Position::thread() const {
-  return threadID;
+inline Thread* Position::this_thread() const {
+  return thisThread;
 }
 
-inline void Position::do_allow_oo(Color c) {
-  st->castleRights |= (1 + int(c));
+inline void Position::put_piece(Square s, Color c, PieceType pt) {
+
+  board[s] = make_piece(c, pt);
+  byTypeBB[ALL_PIECES] |= s;
+  byTypeBB[pt] |= s;
+  byColorBB[c] |= s;
+  index[s] = pieceCount[c][pt]++;
+  pieceList[c][pt][index[s]] = s;
 }
 
-inline void Position::do_allow_ooo(Color c) {
-  st->castleRights |= (4 + 4*int(c));
+inline void Position::move_piece(Square from, Square to, Color c, PieceType pt) {
+
+  // index[from] is not updated and becomes stale. This works as long
+  // as index[] is accessed just by known occupied squares.
+  Bitboard from_to_bb = SquareBB[from] ^ SquareBB[to];
+  byTypeBB[ALL_PIECES] ^= from_to_bb;
+  byTypeBB[pt] ^= from_to_bb;
+  byColorBB[c] ^= from_to_bb;
+  board[from] = NO_PIECE;
+  board[to] = make_piece(c, pt);
+  index[to] = index[from];
+  pieceList[c][pt][index[to]] = to;
 }
 
-#endif // !defined(POSITION_H_INCLUDED)
+inline void Position::remove_piece(Square s, Color c, PieceType pt) {
+
+  // WARNING: This is not a reversible operation. If we remove a piece in
+  // do_move() and then replace it in undo_move() we will put it at the end of
+  // the list and not in its original place, it means index[] and pieceList[]
+  // are not guaranteed to be invariant to a do_move() + undo_move() sequence.
+  byTypeBB[ALL_PIECES] ^= s;
+  byTypeBB[pt] ^= s;
+  byColorBB[c] ^= s;
+  /* board[s] = NO_PIECE; */ // Not needed, will be overwritten by capturing
+  Square lastSquare = pieceList[c][pt][--pieceCount[c][pt]];
+  index[lastSquare] = index[s];
+  pieceList[c][pt][index[lastSquare]] = lastSquare;
+  pieceList[c][pt][pieceCount[c][pt]] = SQ_NONE;
+}
+
+#endif // #ifndef POSITION_H_INCLUDED

src/psqtab.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,174 +17,82 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-
-#if !defined(PSQTAB_H_INCLUDED)
+#ifndef PSQTAB_H_INCLUDED
 #define PSQTAB_H_INCLUDED
 
-////
-//// Includes
-////
+#include "types.h"
 
-#include "value.h"
+#define S(mg, eg) make_score(mg, eg)
 
-namespace {
 
-////
-//// Constants modified by Joona Kiiski
-////
+/// PSQT[PieceType][Square] contains Piece-Square scores. For each piece type on
+/// a given square a (midgame, endgame) score pair is assigned. PSQT is defined
+/// for white side, for black side the tables are symmetric.
 
-const Value MP = PawnValueMidgame;
-const Value MK = KnightValueMidgame;
-const Value MB = BishopValueMidgame;
-const Value MR = RookValueMidgame;
-const Value MQ = QueenValueMidgame;
-
-const Value EP = PawnValueEndgame;
-const Value EK = KnightValueEndgame;
-const Value EB = BishopValueEndgame;
-const Value ER = RookValueEndgame;
-const Value EQ = QueenValueEndgame;
-
-const int MgPST[][64] = {
+static const Score PSQT[][SQUARE_NB] = {
   { },
-  {// Pawn
-   // A      B      C     D      E      F      G     H
-        0,    0,     0,     0,     0,     0,    0,     0,
-    MP-28, MP-6, MP+ 4, MP+14, MP+14, MP+ 4, MP-6, MP-28,
-    MP-28, MP-6, MP+ 9, MP+36, MP+36, MP+ 9, MP-6, MP-28,
-    MP-28, MP-6, MP+17, MP+58, MP+58, MP+17, MP-6, MP-28,
-    MP-28, MP-6, MP+17, MP+36, MP+36, MP+17, MP-6, MP-28,
-    MP-28, MP-6, MP+ 9, MP+14, MP+14, MP+ 9, MP-6, MP-28,
-    MP-28, MP-6, MP+ 4, MP+14, MP+14, MP+ 4, MP-6, MP-28,
-        0,    0,     0,     0,     0,     0,    0,     0
+  { // Pawn
+   S(  0, 0), S( 0, 0), S( 0, 0), S( 0, 0), S(0,  0), S( 0, 0), S( 0, 0), S(  0, 0),
+   S(-20,-8), S(-6,-8), S( 4,-8), S(14,-8), S(14,-8), S( 4,-8), S(-6,-8), S(-20,-8),
+   S(-20,-8), S(-6,-8), S( 9,-8), S(34,-8), S(34,-8), S( 9,-8), S(-6,-8), S(-20,-8),
+   S(-20,-8), S(-6,-8), S(17,-8), S(54,-8), S(54,-8), S(17,-8), S(-6,-8), S(-20,-8),
+   S(-20,-8), S(-6,-8), S(17,-8), S(34,-8), S(34,-8), S(17,-8), S(-6,-8), S(-20,-8),
+   S(-20,-8), S(-6,-8), S( 9,-8), S(14,-8), S(14,-8), S( 9,-8), S(-6,-8), S(-20,-8),
+   S(-20,-8), S(-6,-8), S( 4,-8), S(14,-8), S(14,-8), S( 4,-8), S(-6,-8), S(-20,-8),
+   S(  0, 0), S( 0, 0), S( 0, 0), S( 0, 0), S(0,  0), S( 0, 0), S( 0, 0), S(  0, 0)
   },
-  {// Knight
-   //  A      B       C      D      E      F      G       H
-    MK-135, MK-107, MK-80, MK-67, MK-67, MK-80, MK-107, MK-135,
-    MK- 93, MK- 67, MK-39, MK-25, MK-25, MK-39, MK- 67, MK- 93,
-    MK- 53, MK- 25, MK+ 1, MK+13, MK+13, MK+ 1, MK- 25, MK- 53,
-    MK- 25, MK+  1, MK+27, MK+41, MK+41, MK+27, MK+  1, MK- 25,
-    MK- 11, MK+ 13, MK+41, MK+55, MK+55, MK+41, MK+ 13, MK- 11,
-    MK- 11, MK+ 13, MK+41, MK+55, MK+55, MK+41, MK+ 13, MK- 11,
-    MK- 53, MK- 25, MK+ 1, MK+13, MK+13, MK+ 1, MK- 25, MK- 53,
-    MK-193, MK- 67, MK-39, MK-25, MK-25, MK-39, MK- 67, MK-193
+  { // Knight
+   S(-135,-104), S(-107,-79), S(-80,-55), S(-67,-42), S(-67,-42), S(-80,-55), S(-107,-79), S(-135,-104),
+   S( -93, -79), S( -67,-55), S(-39,-30), S(-25,-17), S(-25,-17), S(-39,-30), S( -67,-55), S( -93, -79),
+   S( -53, -55), S( -25,-30), S(  1, -6), S( 13,  5), S( 13,  5), S(  1, -6), S( -25,-30), S( -53, -55),
+   S( -25, -42), S(   1,-17), S( 27,  5), S( 41, 18), S( 41, 18), S( 27,  5), S(   1,-17), S( -25, -42),
+   S( -11, -42), S(  13,-17), S( 41,  5), S( 55, 18), S( 55, 18), S( 41,  5), S(  13,-17), S( -11, -42),
+   S( -11, -55), S(  13,-30), S( 41, -6), S( 55,  5), S( 55,  5), S( 41, -6), S(  13,-30), S( -11, -55),
+   S( -53, -79), S( -25,-55), S(  1,-30), S( 13,-17), S( 13,-17), S(  1,-30), S( -25,-55), S( -53, -79),
+   S(-193,-104), S( -67,-79), S(-39,-55), S(-25,-42), S(-25,-42), S(-39,-55), S( -67,-79), S(-193,-104)
   },
-  {// Bishop
-   // A      B      C      D      E      F      G      H
-    MB-40, MB-40, MB-35, MB-30, MB-30, MB-35, MB-40, MB-40,
-    MB-17, MB+ 0, MB- 4, MB+ 0, MB+ 0, MB- 4, MB+ 0, MB-17,
-    MB-13, MB- 4, MB+ 8, MB+ 4, MB+ 4, MB+ 8, MB- 4, MB-13,
-    MB- 8, MB+ 0, MB+ 4, MB+17, MB+17, MB+ 4, MB+ 0, MB- 8,
-    MB- 8, MB+ 0, MB+ 4, MB+17, MB+17, MB+ 4, MB+ 0, MB- 8,
-    MB-13, MB- 4, MB+ 8, MB+ 4, MB+ 4, MB+ 8, MB- 4, MB-13,
-    MB-17, MB+ 0, MB- 4, MB+ 0, MB+ 0, MB- 4, MB+ 0, MB-17,
-    MB-17, MB-17, MB-13, MB- 8, MB- 8, MB-13, MB-17, MB-17
+  { // Bishop
+   S(-40,-59), S(-40,-42), S(-35,-35), S(-30,-26), S(-30,-26), S(-35,-35), S(-40,-42), S(-40,-59),
+   S(-17,-42), S(  0,-26), S( -4,-18), S(  0,-11), S(  0,-11), S( -4,-18), S(  0,-26), S(-17,-42),
+   S(-13,-35), S( -4,-18), S(  8,-11), S(  4, -4), S(  4, -4), S(  8,-11), S( -4,-18), S(-13,-35),
+   S( -8,-26), S(  0,-11), S(  4, -4), S( 17,  4), S( 17,  4), S(  4, -4), S(  0,-11), S( -8,-26),
+   S( -8,-26), S(  0,-11), S(  4, -4), S( 17,  4), S( 17,  4), S(  4, -4), S(  0,-11), S( -8,-26),
+   S(-13,-35), S( -4,-18), S(  8,-11), S(  4, -4), S(  4, -4), S(  8,-11), S( -4,-18), S(-13,-35),
+   S(-17,-42), S(  0,-26), S( -4,-18), S(  0,-11), S(  0,-11), S( -4,-18), S(  0,-26), S(-17,-42),
+   S(-17,-59), S(-17,-42), S(-13,-35), S( -8,-26), S( -8,-26), S(-13,-35), S(-17,-42), S(-17,-59)
   },
-  {// Rook
-   // A      B     C     D     E     F     G     H
-    MR-12, MR-7, MR-2, MR+2, MR+2, MR-2, MR-7, MR-12,
-    MR-12, MR-7, MR-2, MR+2, MR+2, MR-2, MR-7, MR-12,
-    MR-12, MR-7, MR-2, MR+2, MR+2, MR-2, MR-7, MR-12,
-    MR-12, MR-7, MR-2, MR+2, MR+2, MR-2, MR-7, MR-12,
-    MR-12, MR-7, MR-2, MR+2, MR+2, MR-2, MR-7, MR-12,
-    MR-12, MR-7, MR-2, MR+2, MR+2, MR-2, MR-7, MR-12,
-    MR-12, MR-7, MR-2, MR+2, MR+2, MR-2, MR-7, MR-12,
-    MR-12, MR-7, MR-2, MR+2, MR+2, MR-2, MR-7, MR-12
+  { // Rook
+   S(-12, 3), S(-7, 3), S(-2, 3), S(2, 3), S(2, 3), S(-2, 3), S(-7, 3), S(-12, 3),
+   S(-12, 3), S(-7, 3), S(-2, 3), S(2, 3), S(2, 3), S(-2, 3), S(-7, 3), S(-12, 3),
+   S(-12, 3), S(-7, 3), S(-2, 3), S(2, 3), S(2, 3), S(-2, 3), S(-7, 3), S(-12, 3),
+   S(-12, 3), S(-7, 3), S(-2, 3), S(2, 3), S(2, 3), S(-2, 3), S(-7, 3), S(-12, 3),
+   S(-12, 3), S(-7, 3), S(-2, 3), S(2, 3), S(2, 3), S(-2, 3), S(-7, 3), S(-12, 3),
+   S(-12, 3), S(-7, 3), S(-2, 3), S(2, 3), S(2, 3), S(-2, 3), S(-7, 3), S(-12, 3),
+   S(-12, 3), S(-7, 3), S(-2, 3), S(2, 3), S(2, 3), S(-2, 3), S(-7, 3), S(-12, 3),
+   S(-12, 3), S(-7, 3), S(-2, 3), S(2, 3), S(2, 3), S(-2, 3), S(-7, 3), S(-12, 3)
   },
-  {// Queen
-   // A     B     C     D     E     F     G     H
-    MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8,
-    MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8,
-    MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8,
-    MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8,
-    MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8,
-    MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8,
-    MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8,
-    MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8
+  { // Queen
+   S(8,-80), S(8,-54), S(8,-42), S(8,-30), S(8,-30), S(8,-42), S(8,-54), S(8,-80),
+   S(8,-54), S(8,-30), S(8,-18), S(8, -6), S(8, -6), S(8,-18), S(8,-30), S(8,-54),
+   S(8,-42), S(8,-18), S(8, -6), S(8,  6), S(8,  6), S(8, -6), S(8,-18), S(8,-42),
+   S(8,-30), S(8, -6), S(8,  6), S(8, 18), S(8, 18), S(8,  6), S(8, -6), S(8,-30),
+   S(8,-30), S(8, -6), S(8,  6), S(8, 18), S(8, 18), S(8,  6), S(8, -6), S(8,-30),
+   S(8,-42), S(8,-18), S(8, -6), S(8,  6), S(8,  6), S(8, -6), S(8,-18), S(8,-42),
+   S(8,-54), S(8,-30), S(8,-18), S(8, -6), S(8, -6), S(8,-18), S(8,-30), S(8,-54),
+   S(8,-80), S(8,-54), S(8,-42), S(8,-30), S(8,-30), S(8,-42), S(8,-54), S(8,-80)
   },
-  {// King
-   //A    B    C    D    E    F    G    H
-    287, 311, 262, 214, 214, 262, 311, 287,
-    262, 287, 238, 190, 190, 238, 287, 262,
-    214, 238, 190, 142, 142, 190, 238, 214,
-    190, 214, 167, 119, 119, 167, 214, 190,
-    167, 190, 142,  94,  94, 142, 190, 167,
-    142, 167, 119,  69,  69, 119, 167, 142,
-    119, 142,  94,  46,  46,  94, 142, 119,
-     94, 119,  69,  21,  21,  69, 119,  94
+  { // King
+   S(287, 18), S(311, 77), S(262,105), S(214,135), S(214,135), S(262,105), S(311, 77), S(287, 18),
+   S(262, 77), S(287,135), S(238,165), S(190,193), S(190,193), S(238,165), S(287,135), S(262, 77),
+   S(214,105), S(238,165), S(190,193), S(142,222), S(142,222), S(190,193), S(238,165), S(214,105),
+   S(190,135), S(214,193), S(167,222), S(119,251), S(119,251), S(167,222), S(214,193), S(190,135),
+   S(167,135), S(190,193), S(142,222), S( 94,251), S( 94,251), S(142,222), S(190,193), S(167,135),
+   S(142,105), S(167,165), S(119,193), S( 69,222), S( 69,222), S(119,193), S(167,165), S(142,105),
+   S(119, 77), S(142,135), S( 94,165), S( 46,193), S( 46,193), S( 94,165), S(142,135), S(119, 77),
+   S(94,  18), S(119, 77), S( 69,105), S( 21,135), S( 21,135), S( 69,105), S(119, 77), S( 94, 18)
   }
 };
 
-const int EgPST[][64] = {
-  { },
-  {// Pawn
-   // A     B     C     D     E     F     G     H
-       0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,
-    EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8,
-    EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8,
-    EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8,
-    EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8,
-    EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8,
-    EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8,
-       0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0
-  },
-  {// Knight
-   // A       B      C      D      E      F      G      H
-    EK-104, EK-79, EK-55, EK-42, EK-42, EK-55, EK-79, EK-104,
-    EK- 79, EK-55, EK-30, EK-17, EK-17, EK-30, EK-55, EK- 79,
-    EK- 55, EK-30, EK- 6, EK+ 5, EK+ 5, EK- 6, EK-30, EK- 55,
-    EK- 42, EK-17, EK+ 5, EK+18, EK+18, EK+ 5, EK-17, EK- 42,
-    EK- 42, EK-17, EK+ 5, EK+18, EK+18, EK+ 5, EK-17, EK- 42,
-    EK- 55, EK-30, EK- 6, EK+ 5, EK+ 5, EK- 6, EK-30, EK- 55,
-    EK- 79, EK-55, EK-30, EK-17, EK-17, EK-30, EK-55, EK- 79,
-    EK-104, EK-79, EK-55, EK-42, EK-42, EK-55, EK-79, EK-104
-  },
-  {// Bishop
-   // A      B      C      D      E      F      G      H
-    EB-59, EB-42, EB-35, EB-26, EB-26, EB-35, EB-42, EB-59,
-    EB-42, EB-26, EB-18, EB-11, EB-11, EB-18, EB-26, EB-42,
-    EB-35, EB-18, EB-11, EB- 4, EB- 4, EB-11, EB-18, EB-35,
-    EB-26, EB-11, EB- 4, EB+ 4, EB+ 4, EB- 4, EB-11, EB-26,
-    EB-26, EB-11, EB- 4, EB+ 4, EB+ 4, EB- 4, EB-11, EB-26,
-    EB-35, EB-18, EB-11, EB- 4, EB- 4, EB-11, EB-18, EB-35,
-    EB-42, EB-26, EB-18, EB-11, EB-11, EB-18, EB-26, EB-42,
-    EB-59, EB-42, EB-35, EB-26, EB-26, EB-35, EB-42, EB-59
-  },
-  {// Rook
-   // A     B     C     D     E     F     G     H
-    ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3,
-    ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3,
-    ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3,
-    ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3,
-    ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3,
-    ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3,
-    ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3,
-    ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3
-  },
-  {// Queen
-   // A      B      C      D      E      F      G      H
-    EQ-80, EQ-54, EQ-42, EQ-30, EQ-30, EQ-42, EQ-54, EQ-80,
-    EQ-54, EQ-30, EQ-18, EQ- 6, EQ- 6, EQ-18, EQ-30, EQ-54,
-    EQ-42, EQ-18, EQ- 6, EQ+ 6, EQ+ 6, EQ- 6, EQ-18, EQ-42,
-    EQ-30, EQ- 6, EQ+ 6, EQ+18, EQ+18, EQ+ 6, EQ- 6, EQ-30,
-    EQ-30, EQ- 6, EQ+ 6, EQ+18, EQ+18, EQ+ 6, EQ- 6, EQ-30,
-    EQ-42, EQ-18, EQ- 6, EQ+ 6, EQ+ 6, EQ- 6, EQ-18, EQ-42,
-    EQ-54, EQ-30, EQ-18, EQ- 6, EQ- 6, EQ-18, EQ-30, EQ-54,
-    EQ-80, EQ-54, EQ-42, EQ-30, EQ-30, EQ-42, EQ-54, EQ-80
-  },
-  {// King
-   //A    B    C    D    E    F    G    H
-     18,  77, 105, 135, 135, 105,  77,  18,
-     77, 135, 165, 193, 193, 165, 135,  77,
-    105, 165, 193, 222, 222, 193, 165, 105,
-    135, 193, 222, 251, 251, 222, 193, 135,
-    135, 193, 222, 251, 251, 222, 193, 135,
-    105, 165, 193, 222, 222, 193, 165, 105,
-     77, 135, 165, 193, 193, 165, 135,  77,
-     18,  77, 105, 135, 135, 105,  77,  18
-  }
-};
+#undef S
 
-} // namespace
-
-#endif // !defined(PSQTAB_H_INCLUDED)
+#endif // #ifndef PSQTAB_H_INCLUDED

src/rkiss.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -20,65 +20,55 @@
   available under the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-
- ** A small "keep it simple and stupid" RNG with some fancy merits:
- **
- ** Quite platform independent
- ** Passes ALL dieharder tests! Here *nix sys-rand() e.g. fails miserably:-)
- ** ~12 times faster than my *nix sys-rand()
- ** ~4 times faster than SSE2-version of Mersenne twister
- ** Average cycle length: ~2^126
- ** 64 bit seed
- ** Return doubles with a full 53 bit mantissa
- ** Thread safe
- **
- ** (c) Heinz van Saanen
-
 */
 
-#if !defined(RKISS_H_INCLUDED)
+#ifndef RKISS_H_INCLUDED
 #define RKISS_H_INCLUDED
 
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
 #include "types.h"
 
-
-////
-//// Types
-////
+/// RKISS is our pseudo random number generator (PRNG) used to compute hash keys.
+/// George Marsaglia invented the RNG-Kiss-family in the early 90's. This is a
+/// specific version that Heinz van Saanen derived from some public domain code
+/// by Bob Jenkins. Following the feature list, as tested by Heinz.
+///
+/// - Quite platform independent
+/// - Passes ALL dieharder tests! Here *nix sys-rand() e.g. fails miserably:-)
+/// - ~12 times faster than my *nix sys-rand()
+/// - ~4 times faster than SSE2-version of Mersenne twister
+/// - Average cycle length: ~2^126
+/// - 64 bit seed
+/// - Return doubles with a full 53 bit mantissa
+/// - Thread safe
 
 class RKISS {
 
-  // Keep variables always together
-  struct S { uint64_t a, b, c, d; } s;
+  struct S { uint64_t a, b, c, d; } s; // Keep variables always together
 
-  // Return 64 bit unsigned integer in between [0,2^64-1]
-  uint64_t rand64() {
-
-      const uint64_t
-        e = s.a - ((s.b <<  7) | (s.b >> 57));
-      s.a = s.b ^ ((s.c << 13) | (s.c >> 51));
-      s.b = s.c + ((s.d << 37) | (s.d >> 27));
-      s.c = s.d + e;
-      return s.d = e + s.a;
+  uint64_t rotate(uint64_t x, uint64_t k) const {
+    return (x << k) | (x >> (64 - k));
   }
 
-  // Init seed and scramble a few rounds
-  void raninit() {
+  uint64_t rand64() {
 
-      s.a = 0xf1ea5eed;
-      s.b = s.c = s.d = 0xd4e12c77;
-      for (int i = 0; i < 73; i++)
-          rand64();
+    const uint64_t
+      e = s.a - rotate(s.b,  7);
+    s.a = s.b ^ rotate(s.c, 13);
+    s.b = s.c + rotate(s.d, 37);
+    s.c = s.d + e;
+    return s.d = e + s.a;
   }
 
 public:
-  RKISS() { raninit(); }
+  RKISS(int seed = 73) {
+
+    s.a = 0xf1ea5eed;
+    s.b = s.c = s.d = 0xd4e12c77;
+    for (int i = 0; i < seed; i++) // Scramble a few rounds
+        rand64();
+  }
+
   template<typename T> T rand() { return T(rand64()); }
 };
 
-#endif // !defined(RKISS_H_INCLUDED)
+#endif // #ifndef RKISS_H_INCLUDED

src/san.cpp

@@ -1,439 +0,0 @@
-/*
-  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
-  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
-
-  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-  (at your option) any later version.
-
-  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-  GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-*/
-
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
-#include <cassert>
-#include <cstring>
-#include <iomanip>
-#include <string>
-#include <sstream>
-
-#include "movegen.h"
-#include "san.h"
-
-using std::string;
-
-////
-//// Local definitions
-////
-
-namespace {
-
-  enum Ambiguity {
-    AMBIGUITY_NONE, AMBIGUITY_FILE, AMBIGUITY_RANK, AMBIGUITY_BOTH
-  };
-
-  Ambiguity move_ambiguity(const Position& pos, Move m);
-  const string time_string(int milliseconds);
-  const string score_string(Value v);
-}
-
-
-////
-//// Functions
-////
-
-/// move_to_san() takes a position and a move as input, where it is assumed
-/// that the move is a legal move from the position. The return value is
-/// a string containing the move in short algebraic notation.
-
-const string move_to_san(Position& pos, Move m) {
-
-  assert(pos.is_ok());
-  assert(move_is_ok(m));
-
-  string san;
-  Square from = move_from(m);
-  Square to = move_to(m);
-  PieceType pt = type_of_piece(pos.piece_on(from));
-
-  if (m == MOVE_NONE)
-      return "(none)";
-
-  if (m == MOVE_NULL)
-      return "(null)";
-
-  if (move_is_long_castle(m))
-      san = "O-O-O";
-  else if (move_is_short_castle(m))
-      san = "O-O";
-  else
-  {
-      if (pt != PAWN)
-      {
-          san += piece_type_to_char(pt);
-
-          switch (move_ambiguity(pos, m)) {
-          case AMBIGUITY_NONE:
-            break;
-          case AMBIGUITY_FILE:
-            san += file_to_char(square_file(from));
-            break;
-          case AMBIGUITY_RANK:
-            san += rank_to_char(square_rank(from));
-            break;
-          case AMBIGUITY_BOTH:
-            san += square_to_string(from);
-            break;
-          default:
-            assert(false);
-          }
-      }
-
-      if (pos.move_is_capture(m))
-      {
-          if (pt == PAWN)
-              san += file_to_char(square_file(from));
-
-          san += 'x';
-      }
-      san += square_to_string(to);
-
-      if (move_is_promotion(m))
-      {
-          san += '=';
-          san += piece_type_to_char(move_promotion_piece(m));
-      }
-  }
-
-  // The move gives check ? We don't use pos.move_is_check() here
-  // because we need to test for mate after the move is done.
-  StateInfo st;
-  pos.do_move(m, st);
-  if (pos.is_check())
-      san += pos.is_mate() ? "#" : "+";
-  pos.undo_move(m);
-
-  return san;
-}
-
-
-/// move_from_san() takes a position and a string as input, and tries to
-/// interpret the string as a move in short algebraic notation. On success,
-/// the move is returned.  On failure (i.e. if the string is unparsable, or
-/// if the move is illegal or ambiguous), MOVE_NONE is returned.
-
-Move move_from_san(const Position& pos, const string& movestr) {
-
-  assert(pos.is_ok());
-
-  enum { START, TO_FILE, TO_RANK, PROMOTION_OR_CHECK, PROMOTION, CHECK, END };
-  static const string pieceLetters = "KQRBN";
-
-  MoveStack mlist[MOVES_MAX], *last;
-  PieceType pt = PIECE_TYPE_NONE, promotion = PIECE_TYPE_NONE;
-  File fromFile = FILE_NONE, toFile = FILE_NONE;
-  Rank fromRank = RANK_NONE, toRank = RANK_NONE;
-  Move move = MOVE_NONE;
-  Square from, to;
-  int matches, state = START;
-
-  // Generate all legal moves for the given position
-  last = generate_moves(pos, mlist);
-
-  // Castling moves
-  if (movestr == "O-O-O" || movestr == "O-O-O+")
-  {
-     for (MoveStack* cur = mlist; cur != last; cur++)
-          if (move_is_long_castle(cur->move))
-              return cur->move;
-
-      return MOVE_NONE;
-  }
-  else if (movestr == "O-O" || movestr == "O-O+")
-  {
-      for (MoveStack* cur = mlist; cur != last; cur++)
-           if (move_is_short_castle(cur->move))
-               return cur->move;
-
-    return MOVE_NONE;
-  }
-
-  // Normal moves. We use a simple FSM to parse the san string
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < movestr.length(); i++)
-  {
-      char type, c = movestr[i];
-
-      if (pieceLetters.find(c) != string::npos)
-          type = 'P';
-      else if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'h')
-          type = 'F';
-      else if (c >= '1' && c <= '8')
-          type = 'R';
-      else
-          type = c;
-
-      switch (type) {
-      case 'P':
-          if (state == START)
-          {
-              pt = piece_type_from_char(c);
-              state = TO_FILE;
-          }
-          else if (state == PROMOTION)
-          {
-              promotion = piece_type_from_char(c);
-              state = (i < movestr.length() - 1 ? CHECK : END);
-          }
-          else
-              return MOVE_NONE;
-          break;
-      case 'F':
-          if (state == START)
-          {
-              pt = PAWN;
-              fromFile = toFile = file_from_char(c);
-              state = TO_RANK;
-          }
-          else if (state == TO_FILE)
-          {
-              toFile = file_from_char(c);
-              state = TO_RANK;
-          }
-          else if (state == TO_RANK && toFile != FILE_NONE)
-          {
-              // Previous file was for disambiguation
-              fromFile = toFile;
-              toFile = file_from_char(c);
-          }
-          else
-              return MOVE_NONE;
-          break;
-      case 'R':
-          if (state == TO_RANK)
-          {
-              toRank = rank_from_char(c);
-              state = (i < movestr.length() - 1) ? PROMOTION_OR_CHECK : END;
-          }
-          else if (state == TO_FILE && fromRank == RANK_NONE)
-          {
-              // It's a disambiguation rank instead of a file
-              fromRank = rank_from_char(c);
-          }
-          else
-              return MOVE_NONE;
-          break;
-      case 'x':
-      case 'X':
-          if (state == TO_RANK)
-          {
-              // Previous file was for disambiguation, or it's a pawn capture
-              fromFile = toFile;
-              state = TO_FILE;
-          }
-          else if (state != TO_FILE)
-              return MOVE_NONE;
-          break;
-      case '=':
-          if (state == PROMOTION_OR_CHECK)
-              state = PROMOTION;
-          else
-              return MOVE_NONE;
-          break;
-      case '+':
-      case '#':
-          if (state == PROMOTION_OR_CHECK || state == CHECK)
-              state = END;
-          else
-              return MOVE_NONE;
-          break;
-      default:
-          return MOVE_NONE;
-          break;
-      }
-  }
-
-  if (state != END)
-      return MOVE_NONE;
-
-  // Look for an unambiguous matching move
-  to = make_square(toFile, toRank);
-  matches = 0;
-
-  for (MoveStack* cur = mlist; cur != last; cur++)
-  {
-      from = move_from(cur->move);
-
-      if (   pos.type_of_piece_on(from) == pt
-          && move_to(cur->move) == to
-          && move_promotion_piece(cur->move) == promotion
-          && (fromFile == FILE_NONE || fromFile == square_file(from))
-          && (fromRank == RANK_NONE || fromRank == square_rank(from)))
-      {
-          move = cur->move;
-          matches++;
-      }
-  }
-  return matches == 1 ? move : MOVE_NONE;
-}
-
-
-/// line_to_san() takes a position and a line (an array of moves representing
-/// a sequence of legal moves from the position) as input, and returns a
-/// string containing the line in short algebraic notation.  If the boolean
-/// parameter 'breakLines' is true, line breaks are inserted, with a line
-/// length of 80 characters.  After a line break, 'startColumn' spaces are
-/// inserted at the beginning of the new line.
-
-const string line_to_san(const Position& pos, Move line[], int startColumn, bool breakLines) {
-
-  StateInfo st;
-  std::stringstream s;
-  string moveStr;
-  size_t length = 0;
-  size_t maxLength = 80 - startColumn;
-  Position p(pos, pos.thread());
-
-  for (Move* m = line; *m != MOVE_NONE; m++)
-  {
-      moveStr = move_to_san(p, *m);
-      length += moveStr.length() + 1;
-      if (breakLines && length > maxLength)
-      {
-          s << "\n" << std::setw(startColumn) << " ";
-          length = moveStr.length() + 1;
-      }
-      s << moveStr << ' ';
-
-      if (*m == MOVE_NULL)
-          p.do_null_move(st);
-      else
-          p.do_move(*m, st);
-  }
-  return s.str();
-}
-
-
-/// pretty_pv() creates a human-readable string from a position and a PV.
-/// It is used to write search information to the log file (which is created
-/// when the UCI parameter "Use Search Log" is "true").
-
-const string pretty_pv(const Position& pos, int time, int depth,
-                       Value score, ValueType type, Move pv[]) {
-
-  const int64_t K = 1000;
-  const int64_t M = 1000000;
-
-  std::stringstream s;
-
-  // Depth
-  s << std::setw(2) << depth << "  ";
-
-  // Score
-  s << (type == VALUE_TYPE_LOWER ? ">" : type == VALUE_TYPE_UPPER ? "<" : " ")
-    << std::setw(7) << score_string(score);
-
-  // Time
-  s << std::setw(8) << time_string(time) << " ";
-
-  // Nodes
-  if (pos.nodes_searched() < M)
-      s << std::setw(8) << pos.nodes_searched() / 1 << " ";
-  else if (pos.nodes_searched() < K * M)
-      s << std::setw(7) << pos.nodes_searched() / K << "K ";
-  else
-      s << std::setw(7) << pos.nodes_searched() / M << "M ";
-
-  // PV
-  s << line_to_san(pos, pv, 30, true);
-
-  return s.str();
-}
-
-
-namespace {
-
-  Ambiguity move_ambiguity(const Position& pos, Move m) {
-
-    MoveStack mlist[MOVES_MAX], *last;
-    Move candidates[8];
-    Square from = move_from(m);
-    Square to = move_to(m);
-    Piece pc = pos.piece_on(from);
-    int matches = 0, f = 0, r = 0;
-
-    // If there is only one piece 'pc' then move cannot be ambiguous
-    if (pos.piece_count(pos.side_to_move(), type_of_piece(pc)) == 1)
-        return AMBIGUITY_NONE;
-
-    // Collect all legal moves of piece 'pc' with destination 'to'
-    last = generate_moves(pos, mlist);
-    for (MoveStack* cur = mlist; cur != last; cur++)
-        if (move_to(cur->move) == to && pos.piece_on(move_from(cur->move)) == pc)
-            candidates[matches++] = cur->move;
-
-    if (matches == 1)
-        return AMBIGUITY_NONE;
-
-    for (int i = 0; i < matches; i++)
-    {
-        if (square_file(move_from(candidates[i])) == square_file(from))
-            f++;
-
-        if (square_rank(move_from(candidates[i])) == square_rank(from))
-            r++;
-    }
-
-    return f == 1 ? AMBIGUITY_FILE : r == 1 ? AMBIGUITY_RANK : AMBIGUITY_BOTH;
-  }
-
-
-  const string time_string(int millisecs) {
-
-    const int MSecMinute = 1000 * 60;
-    const int MSecHour   = 1000 * 60 * 60;
-
-    std::stringstream s;
-    s << std::setfill('0');
-
-    int hours = millisecs / MSecHour;
-    int minutes = (millisecs - hours * MSecHour) / MSecMinute;
-    int seconds = (millisecs - hours * MSecHour - minutes * MSecMinute) / 1000;
-
-    if (hours)
-        s << hours << ':';
-
-    s << std::setw(2) << minutes << ':' << std::setw(2) << seconds;
-    return s.str();
-  }
-
-
-  const string score_string(Value v) {
-
-    std::stringstream s;
-
-    if (v >= VALUE_MATE - 200)
-        s << "#" << (VALUE_MATE - v + 1) / 2;
-    else if (v <= -VALUE_MATE + 200)
-        s << "-#" << (VALUE_MATE + v) / 2;
-    else
-    {
-        float floatScore = float(v) / float(PawnValueMidgame);
-        if (v >= 0)
-            s << '+';
-
-        s << std::setprecision(2) << std::fixed << floatScore;
-    }
-    return s.str();
-  }
-}

src/san.h

@@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
-/*
-  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
-  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
-
-  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-  (at your option) any later version.
-
-  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-  GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-*/
-
-
-#if !defined(SAN_H_INCLUDED)
-#define SAN_H_INCLUDED
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
-#include <string>
-
-#include "move.h"
-#include "position.h"
-#include "value.h"
-
-
-////
-//// Prototypes
-////
-
-extern const std::string move_to_san(Position& pos, Move m);
-extern Move move_from_san(const Position& pos, const std::string& str);
-extern const std::string line_to_san(const Position& pos, Move line[], int startColumn, bool breakLines);
-extern const std::string pretty_pv(const Position& pos, int time, int depth, Value score, ValueType type, Move pv[]);
-
-#endif // !defined(SAN_H_INCLUDED)

src/search.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,61 +17,96 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-
-#if !defined(SEARCH_H_INCLUDED)
+#ifndef SEARCH_H_INCLUDED
 #define SEARCH_H_INCLUDED
 
-////
-//// Includes
-////
+#include <cstring>
+#include <memory>
+#include <stack>
+#include <vector>
 
-#include "depth.h"
-#include "move.h"
-#include "value.h"
+#include "misc.h"
+#include "position.h"
+#include "types.h"
 
-
-////
-//// Constants
-////
-
-const int PLY_MAX = 100;
-const int PLY_MAX_PLUS_2 = PLY_MAX + 2;
-
-
-////
-//// Types
-////
-
-/// The SearchStack struct keeps track of the information we need to remember
-/// from nodes shallower and deeper in the tree during the search.  Each
-/// search thread has its own array of SearchStack objects, indexed by the
-/// current ply.
-struct EvalInfo;
 struct SplitPoint;
 
-struct SearchStack {
+namespace Search {
+
+/// The Stack struct keeps track of the information we need to remember from
+/// nodes shallower and deeper in the tree during the search. Each search thread
+/// has its own array of Stack objects, indexed by the current ply.
+
+struct Stack {
+  SplitPoint* splitPoint;
+  int ply;
   Move currentMove;
-  Move mateKiller;
   Move excludedMove;
-  Move bestMove;
   Move killers[2];
   Depth reduction;
-  Value eval;
+  Value staticEval;
   Value evalMargin;
-  bool skipNullMove;
-  SplitPoint* sp;
+  int skipNullMove;
+  int futilityMoveCount;
 };
 
 
-////
-//// Prototypes
-////
+/// RootMove struct is used for moves at the root of the tree. For each root
+/// move we store a score, a node count, and a PV (really a refutation in the
+/// case of moves which fail low). Score is normally set at -VALUE_INFINITE for
+/// all non-pv moves.
+struct RootMove {
 
-extern void init_search();
-extern void init_threads();
-extern void exit_threads();
-extern int perft(Position& pos, Depth depth);
-extern bool think(Position& pos, bool infinite, bool ponder, int time[], int increment[],
-                  int movesToGo, int maxDepth, int maxNodes, int maxTime, Move searchMoves[]);
+  RootMove(Move m) : score(-VALUE_INFINITE), prevScore(-VALUE_INFINITE) {
+    pv.push_back(m); pv.push_back(MOVE_NONE);
+  }
 
-#endif // !defined(SEARCH_H_INCLUDED)
+  bool operator<(const RootMove& m) const { return score > m.score; } // Ascending sort
+  bool operator==(const Move& m) const { return pv[0] == m; }
+
+  void extract_pv_from_tt(Position& pos);
+  void insert_pv_in_tt(Position& pos);
+
+  Value score;
+  Value prevScore;
+  std::vector<Move> pv;
+};
+
+
+/// The LimitsType struct stores information sent by GUI about available time
+/// to search the current move, maximum depth/time, if we are in analysis mode
+/// or if we have to ponder while is our opponent's side to move.
+
+struct LimitsType {
+
+  LimitsType() { std::memset(this, 0, sizeof(LimitsType)); }
+  bool use_time_management() const { return !(mate | movetime | depth | nodes | infinite); }
+
+  int time[COLOR_NB], inc[COLOR_NB], movestogo, depth, nodes, movetime, mate, infinite, ponder;
+};
+
+
+/// The SignalsType struct stores volatile flags updated during the search
+/// typically in an async fashion, for instance to stop the search by the GUI.
+
+struct SignalsType {
+  bool stopOnPonderhit, firstRootMove, stop, failedLowAtRoot;
+};
+
+typedef std::auto_ptr<std::stack<StateInfo> > StateStackPtr;
+
+extern volatile SignalsType Signals;
+extern LimitsType Limits;
+extern std::vector<RootMove> RootMoves;
+extern Position RootPos;
+extern Color RootColor;
+extern Time::point SearchTime;
+extern StateStackPtr SetupStates;
+
+extern void init();
+extern size_t perft(Position& pos, Depth depth);
+extern void think();
+
+} // namespace Search
+
+#endif // #ifndef SEARCH_H_INCLUDED

src/square.h

@@ -1,183 +0,0 @@
-/*
-  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
-  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
-
-  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-  (at your option) any later version.
-
-  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-  GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-*/
-
-
-#if !defined(SQUARE_H_INCLUDED)
-#define SQUARE_H_INCLUDED
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
-#include <cstdlib> // for abs()
-#include <string>
-
-#include "color.h"
-#include "misc.h"
-
-
-////
-//// Types
-////
-
-enum Square {
-  SQ_A1, SQ_B1, SQ_C1, SQ_D1, SQ_E1, SQ_F1, SQ_G1, SQ_H1,
-  SQ_A2, SQ_B2, SQ_C2, SQ_D2, SQ_E2, SQ_F2, SQ_G2, SQ_H2,
-  SQ_A3, SQ_B3, SQ_C3, SQ_D3, SQ_E3, SQ_F3, SQ_G3, SQ_H3,
-  SQ_A4, SQ_B4, SQ_C4, SQ_D4, SQ_E4, SQ_F4, SQ_G4, SQ_H4,
-  SQ_A5, SQ_B5, SQ_C5, SQ_D5, SQ_E5, SQ_F5, SQ_G5, SQ_H5,
-  SQ_A6, SQ_B6, SQ_C6, SQ_D6, SQ_E6, SQ_F6, SQ_G6, SQ_H6,
-  SQ_A7, SQ_B7, SQ_C7, SQ_D7, SQ_E7, SQ_F7, SQ_G7, SQ_H7,
-  SQ_A8, SQ_B8, SQ_C8, SQ_D8, SQ_E8, SQ_F8, SQ_G8, SQ_H8,
-  SQ_NONE
-};
-
-enum File {
-  FILE_A, FILE_B, FILE_C, FILE_D, FILE_E, FILE_F, FILE_G, FILE_H, FILE_NONE
-};
-
-enum Rank {
-  RANK_1, RANK_2, RANK_3, RANK_4, RANK_5, RANK_6, RANK_7, RANK_8, RANK_NONE
-};
-
-enum SquareDelta {
-
-  DELTA_N = 8, DELTA_E = 1, DELTA_S = -8, DELTA_W = -1, DELTA_NONE = 0,
-
-  DELTA_NN = DELTA_N + DELTA_N,
-  DELTA_NE = DELTA_N + DELTA_E,
-  DELTA_SE = DELTA_S + DELTA_E,
-  DELTA_SS = DELTA_S + DELTA_S,
-  DELTA_SW = DELTA_S + DELTA_W,
-  DELTA_NW = DELTA_N + DELTA_W
-};
-
-ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(Square);
-ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(File);
-ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(Rank);
-ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(SquareDelta);
-
-
-////
-//// Constants
-////
-
-const int FlipMask = 56;
-const int FlopMask =  7;
-
-////
-//// Inline functions
-////
-
-inline Square operator+ (Square x, SquareDelta i) { return x + Square(i); }
-inline void operator+= (Square& x, SquareDelta i) { x = x + Square(i); }
-inline Square operator- (Square x, SquareDelta i) { return x - Square(i); }
-inline void operator-= (Square& x, SquareDelta i) { x = x - Square(i); }
-
-inline Square make_square(File f, Rank r) {
-  return Square(int(f) | (int(r) << 3));
-}
-
-inline File square_file(Square s) {
-  return File(int(s) & 7);
-}
-
-inline Rank square_rank(Square s) {
-  return Rank(int(s) >> 3);
-}
-
-inline Square flip_square(Square s) {
-  return Square(int(s) ^ FlipMask);
-}
-
-inline Square flop_square(Square s) {
-  return Square(int(s) ^ FlopMask);
-}
-
-inline Square relative_square(Color c, Square s) {
-  return Square(int(s) ^ (int(c) * FlipMask));
-}
-
-inline Rank relative_rank(Color c, Square s) {
-  return square_rank(relative_square(c, s));
-}
-
-inline SquareColor square_color(Square s) {
-  return SquareColor((int(square_file(s)) + int(square_rank(s))) & 1);
-}
-
-inline bool same_color_squares(Square s1, Square s2) {
-  int s = int(s1) ^ int(s2);
-  return (((s >> 3) ^ s) & 1) == 0;
-}
-
-inline int file_distance(File f1, File f2) {
-  return abs(int(f1) - int(f2));
-}
-
-inline int file_distance(Square s1, Square s2) {
-  return file_distance(square_file(s1), square_file(s2));
-}
-
-inline int rank_distance(Rank r1, Rank r2) {
-  return abs(int(r1) - int(r2));
-}
-
-inline int rank_distance(Square s1, Square s2) {
-  return rank_distance(square_rank(s1), square_rank(s2));
-}
-
-inline int square_distance(Square s1, Square s2) {
-  return Max(file_distance(s1, s2), rank_distance(s1, s2));
-}
-
-inline File file_from_char(char c) {
-  return File(c - 'a') + FILE_A;
-}
-
-inline char file_to_char(File f) {
-  return char(f - FILE_A + int('a'));
-}
-
-inline Rank rank_from_char(char c) {
-  return Rank(c - '1') + RANK_1;
-}
-
-inline char rank_to_char(Rank r) {
-  return char(r - RANK_1 + int('1'));
-}
-
-inline const std::string square_to_string(Square s) {
-  return  std::string(1, file_to_char(square_file(s)))
-        + std::string(1, rank_to_char(square_rank(s)));
-}
-
-inline bool file_is_ok(File f) {
-  return f >= FILE_A && f <= FILE_H;
-}
-
-inline bool rank_is_ok(Rank r) {
-  return r >= RANK_1 && r <= RANK_8;
-}
-
-inline bool square_is_ok(Square s) {
-  return file_is_ok(square_file(s)) && rank_is_ok(square_rank(s));
-}
-
-#endif // !defined(SQUARE_H_INCLUDED)

src/thread.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,394 @@
+/*
+  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
+  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+
+  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+  GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+#include <algorithm> // For std::count
+#include <cassert>
+
+#include "movegen.h"
+#include "search.h"
+#include "thread.h"
+#include "ucioption.h"
+
+using namespace Search;
+
+ThreadPool Threads; // Global object
+
+namespace {
+
+ // start_routine() is the C function which is called when a new thread
+ // is launched. It is a wrapper to the virtual function idle_loop().
+
+ extern "C" { long start_routine(ThreadBase* th) { th->idle_loop(); return 0; } }
+
+
+ // Helpers to launch a thread after creation and joining before delete. Must be
+ // outside Thread c'tor and d'tor because object shall be fully initialized
+ // when start_routine (and hence virtual idle_loop) is called and when joining.
+
+ template<typename T> T* new_thread() {
+   T* th = new T();
+   thread_create(th->handle, start_routine, th); // Will go to sleep
+   return th;
+ }
+
+ void delete_thread(ThreadBase* th) {
+   th->exit = true; // Search must be already finished
+   th->notify_one();
+   thread_join(th->handle); // Wait for thread termination
+   delete th;
+ }
+
+}
+
+
+// ThreadBase::notify_one() wakes up the thread when there is some work to do
+
+void ThreadBase::notify_one() {
+
+  mutex.lock();
+  sleepCondition.notify_one();
+  mutex.unlock();
+}
+
+
+// ThreadBase::wait_for() set the thread to sleep until condition 'b' turns true
+
+void ThreadBase::wait_for(volatile const bool& b) {
+
+  mutex.lock();
+  while (!b) sleepCondition.wait(mutex);
+  mutex.unlock();
+}
+
+
+// Thread c'tor just inits data but does not launch any thread of execution that
+// instead will be started only upon c'tor returns.
+
+Thread::Thread() /* : splitPoints() */ { // Value-initialization bug in MSVC
+
+  searching = false;
+  maxPly = splitPointsSize = 0;
+  activeSplitPoint = NULL;
+  activePosition = NULL;
+  idx = Threads.size();
+}
+
+
+// TimerThread::idle_loop() is where the timer thread waits msec milliseconds
+// and then calls check_time(). If msec is 0 thread sleeps until is woken up.
+extern void check_time();
+
+void TimerThread::idle_loop() {
+
+  while (!exit)
+  {
+      mutex.lock();
+
+      if (!exit)
+          sleepCondition.wait_for(mutex, msec ? msec : INT_MAX);
+
+      mutex.unlock();
+
+      if (msec)
+          check_time();
+  }
+}
+
+
+// MainThread::idle_loop() is where the main thread is parked waiting to be started
+// when there is a new search. Main thread will launch all the slave threads.
+
+void MainThread::idle_loop() {
+
+  while (true)
+  {
+      mutex.lock();
+
+      thinking = false;
+
+      while (!thinking && !exit)
+      {
+          Threads.sleepCondition.notify_one(); // Wake up UI thread if needed
+          sleepCondition.wait(mutex);
+      }
+
+      mutex.unlock();
+
+      if (exit)
+          return;
+
+      searching = true;
+
+      Search::think();
+
+      assert(searching);
+
+      searching = false;
+  }
+}
+
+
+// Thread::cutoff_occurred() checks whether a beta cutoff has occurred in the
+// current active split point, or in some ancestor of the split point.
+
+bool Thread::cutoff_occurred() const {
+
+  for (SplitPoint* sp = activeSplitPoint; sp; sp = sp->parentSplitPoint)
+      if (sp->cutoff)
+          return true;
+
+  return false;
+}
+
+
+// Thread::is_available_to() checks whether the thread is available to help the
+// thread 'master' at a split point. An obvious requirement is that thread must
+// be idle. With more than two threads, this is not sufficient: If the thread is
+// the master of some split point, it is only available as a slave to the slaves
+// which are busy searching the split point at the top of slaves split point
+// stack (the "helpful master concept" in YBWC terminology).
+
+bool Thread::is_available_to(const Thread* master) const {
+
+  if (searching)
+      return false;
+
+  // Make a local copy to be sure doesn't become zero under our feet while
+  // testing next condition and so leading to an out of bound access.
+  int size = splitPointsSize;
+
+  // No split points means that the thread is available as a slave for any
+  // other thread otherwise apply the "helpful master" concept if possible.
+  return !size || (splitPoints[size - 1].slavesMask & (1ULL << master->idx));
+}
+
+
+// init() is called at startup to create and launch requested threads, that will
+// go immediately to sleep due to 'sleepWhileIdle' set to true. We cannot use
+// a c'tor becuase Threads is a static object and we need a fully initialized
+// engine at this point due to allocation of Endgames in Thread c'tor.
+
+void ThreadPool::init() {
+
+  sleepWhileIdle = true;
+  timer = new_thread<TimerThread>();
+  push_back(new_thread<MainThread>());
+  read_uci_options();
+}
+
+
+// exit() cleanly terminates the threads before the program exits
+
+void ThreadPool::exit() {
+
+  delete_thread(timer); // As first because check_time() accesses threads data
+
+  for (iterator it = begin(); it != end(); ++it)
+      delete_thread(*it);
+}
+
+
+// read_uci_options() updates internal threads parameters from the corresponding
+// UCI options and creates/destroys threads to match the requested number. Thread
+// objects are dynamically allocated to avoid creating in advance all possible
+// threads, with included pawns and material tables, if only few are used.
+
+void ThreadPool::read_uci_options() {
+
+  maxThreadsPerSplitPoint = Options["Max Threads per Split Point"];
+  minimumSplitDepth       = Options["Min Split Depth"] * ONE_PLY;
+  size_t requested        = Options["Threads"];
+
+  assert(requested > 0);
+
+  // Value 0 has a special meaning: We determine the optimal minimum split depth
+  // automatically. Anyhow the minimumSplitDepth should never be under 4 plies.
+  if (!minimumSplitDepth)
+      minimumSplitDepth = (requested < 8 ? 4 : 7) * ONE_PLY;
+  else
+      minimumSplitDepth = std::max(4 * ONE_PLY, minimumSplitDepth);
+
+  while (size() < requested)
+      push_back(new_thread<Thread>());
+
+  while (size() > requested)
+  {
+      delete_thread(back());
+      pop_back();
+  }
+}
+
+
+// slave_available() tries to find an idle thread which is available as a slave
+// for the thread 'master'.
+
+Thread* ThreadPool::available_slave(const Thread* master) const {
+
+  for (const_iterator it = begin(); it != end(); ++it)
+      if ((*it)->is_available_to(master))
+          return *it;
+
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+
+// split() does the actual work of distributing the work at a node between
+// several available threads. If it does not succeed in splitting the node
+// (because no idle threads are available), the function immediately returns.
+// If splitting is possible, a SplitPoint object is initialized with all the
+// data that must be copied to the helper threads and then helper threads are
+// told that they have been assigned work. This will cause them to instantly
+// leave their idle loops and call search(). When all threads have returned from
+// search() then split() returns.
+
+template <bool Fake>
+void Thread::split(Position& pos, const Stack* ss, Value alpha, Value beta, Value* bestValue,
+                   Move* bestMove, Depth depth, Move threatMove, int moveCount,
+                   MovePicker* movePicker, int nodeType, bool cutNode) {
+
+  assert(pos.pos_is_ok());
+  assert(*bestValue <= alpha && alpha < beta && beta <= VALUE_INFINITE);
+  assert(*bestValue > -VALUE_INFINITE);
+  assert(depth >= Threads.minimumSplitDepth);
+  assert(searching);
+  assert(splitPointsSize < MAX_SPLITPOINTS_PER_THREAD);
+
+  // Pick the next available split point from the split point stack
+  SplitPoint& sp = splitPoints[splitPointsSize];
+
+  sp.masterThread = this;
+  sp.parentSplitPoint = activeSplitPoint;
+  sp.slavesMask = 1ULL << idx;
+  sp.depth = depth;
+  sp.bestValue = *bestValue;
+  sp.bestMove = *bestMove;
+  sp.threatMove = threatMove;
+  sp.alpha = alpha;
+  sp.beta = beta;
+  sp.nodeType = nodeType;
+  sp.cutNode = cutNode;
+  sp.movePicker = movePicker;
+  sp.moveCount = moveCount;
+  sp.pos = &pos;
+  sp.nodes = 0;
+  sp.cutoff = false;
+  sp.ss = ss;
+
+  // Try to allocate available threads and ask them to start searching setting
+  // 'searching' flag. This must be done under lock protection to avoid concurrent
+  // allocation of the same slave by another master.
+  Threads.mutex.lock();
+  sp.mutex.lock();
+
+  splitPointsSize++;
+  activeSplitPoint = &sp;
+  activePosition = NULL;
+
+  size_t slavesCnt = 1; // This thread is always included
+  Thread* slave;
+
+  while (    (slave = Threads.available_slave(this)) != NULL
+         && ++slavesCnt <= Threads.maxThreadsPerSplitPoint && !Fake)
+  {
+      sp.slavesMask |= 1ULL << slave->idx;
+      slave->activeSplitPoint = &sp;
+      slave->searching = true; // Slave leaves idle_loop()
+      slave->notify_one(); // Could be sleeping
+  }
+
+  // Everything is set up. The master thread enters the idle loop, from which
+  // it will instantly launch a search, because its 'searching' flag is set.
+  // The thread will return from the idle loop when all slaves have finished
+  // their work at this split point.
+  if (slavesCnt > 1 || Fake)
+  {
+      sp.mutex.unlock();
+      Threads.mutex.unlock();
+
+      Thread::idle_loop(); // Force a call to base class idle_loop()
+
+      // In helpful master concept a master can help only a sub-tree of its split
+      // point, and because here is all finished is not possible master is booked.
+      assert(!searching);
+      assert(!activePosition);
+
+      // We have returned from the idle loop, which means that all threads are
+      // finished. Note that setting 'searching' and decreasing splitPointsSize is
+      // done under lock protection to avoid a race with Thread::is_available_to().
+      Threads.mutex.lock();
+      sp.mutex.lock();
+  }
+
+  searching = true;
+  splitPointsSize--;
+  activeSplitPoint = sp.parentSplitPoint;
+  activePosition = &pos;
+  pos.set_nodes_searched(pos.nodes_searched() + sp.nodes);
+  *bestMove = sp.bestMove;
+  *bestValue = sp.bestValue;
+
+  sp.mutex.unlock();
+  Threads.mutex.unlock();
+}
+
+// Explicit template instantiations
+template void Thread::split<false>(Position&, const Stack*, Value, Value, Value*, Move*, Depth, Move, int, MovePicker*, int, bool);
+template void Thread::split< true>(Position&, const Stack*, Value, Value, Value*, Move*, Depth, Move, int, MovePicker*, int, bool);
+
+
+// wait_for_think_finished() waits for main thread to go to sleep then returns
+
+void ThreadPool::wait_for_think_finished() {
+
+  MainThread* t = main();
+  t->mutex.lock();
+  while (t->thinking) sleepCondition.wait(t->mutex);
+  t->mutex.unlock();
+}
+
+
+// start_thinking() wakes up the main thread sleeping in MainThread::idle_loop()
+// so to start a new search, then returns immediately.
+
+void ThreadPool::start_thinking(const Position& pos, const LimitsType& limits,
+                                const std::vector<Move>& searchMoves, StateStackPtr& states) {
+  wait_for_think_finished();
+
+  SearchTime = Time::now(); // As early as possible
+
+  Signals.stopOnPonderhit = Signals.firstRootMove = false;
+  Signals.stop = Signals.failedLowAtRoot = false;
+
+  RootMoves.clear();
+  RootPos = pos;
+  Limits = limits;
+  if (states.get()) // If we don't set a new position, preserve current state
+  {
+      SetupStates = states; // Ownership transfer here
+      assert(!states.get());
+  }
+
+  for (MoveList<LEGAL> it(pos); *it; ++it)
+      if (   searchMoves.empty()
+          || std::count(searchMoves.begin(), searchMoves.end(), *it))
+          RootMoves.push_back(RootMove(*it));
+
+  main()->thinking = true;
+  main()->notify_one(); // Starts main thread
+}

src/thread.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,80 +17,162 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-
-#if !defined(THREAD_H_INCLUDED)
+#ifndef THREAD_H_INCLUDED
 #define THREAD_H_INCLUDED
 
+#include <vector>
 
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
-#include <cstring>
-
-#include "lock.h"
+#include "material.h"
 #include "movepick.h"
+#include "pawns.h"
 #include "position.h"
 #include "search.h"
 
+const int MAX_THREADS = 64; // Because SplitPoint::slavesMask is a uint64_t
+const int MAX_SPLITPOINTS_PER_THREAD = 8;
 
-////
-//// Constants and variables
-////
+struct Mutex {
+  Mutex() { lock_init(l); }
+ ~Mutex() { lock_destroy(l); }
 
-const int MAX_THREADS = 16;
-const int MAX_ACTIVE_SPLIT_POINTS = 8;
+  void lock() { lock_grab(l); }
+  void unlock() { lock_release(l); }
 
+private:
+  friend struct ConditionVariable;
 
-////
-//// Types
-////
+  Lock l;
+};
+
+struct ConditionVariable {
+  ConditionVariable() { cond_init(c); }
+ ~ConditionVariable() { cond_destroy(c); }
+
+  void wait(Mutex& m) { cond_wait(c, m.l); }
+  void wait_for(Mutex& m, int ms) { timed_wait(c, m.l, ms); }
+  void notify_one() { cond_signal(c); }
+
+private:
+  WaitCondition c;
+};
+
+struct Thread;
 
 struct SplitPoint {
 
-  // Const data after splitPoint has been setup
-  SplitPoint* parent;
+  // Const data after split point has been setup
   const Position* pos;
+  const Search::Stack* ss;
+  Thread* masterThread;
   Depth depth;
-  bool pvNode, mateThreat;
   Value beta;
-  int ply;
-  int master;
+  int nodeType;
   Move threatMove;
-  SearchStack sstack[MAX_THREADS][PLY_MAX_PLUS_2];
+  bool cutNode;
 
   // Const pointers to shared data
-  MovePicker* mp;
-  SearchStack* parentSstack;
+  MovePicker* movePicker;
+  SplitPoint* parentSplitPoint;
 
   // Shared data
-  Lock lock;
+  Mutex mutex;
+  volatile uint64_t slavesMask;
   volatile int64_t nodes;
   volatile Value alpha;
   volatile Value bestValue;
+  volatile Move bestMove;
   volatile int moveCount;
-  volatile bool betaCutoff;
-  volatile int slaves[MAX_THREADS];
-};
-
-// ThreadState type is used to represent thread's current state
-
-enum ThreadState
-{
-  THREAD_INITIALIZING,  // thread is initializing itself
-  THREAD_SEARCHING,     // thread is performing work
-  THREAD_AVAILABLE,     // thread is waiting for work
-  THREAD_BOOKED,        // other thread (master) has booked us as a slave
-  THREAD_WORKISWAITING, // master has ordered us to start
-  THREAD_TERMINATED     // we are quitting and thread is terminated
-};
-
-struct Thread {
-  volatile ThreadState state;
-  SplitPoint* volatile splitPoint;
-  volatile int activeSplitPoints;
-  SplitPoint splitPoints[MAX_ACTIVE_SPLIT_POINTS];
+  volatile bool cutoff;
 };
 
 
-#endif // !defined(THREAD_H_INCLUDED)
+/// ThreadBase struct is the base of the hierarchy from where we derive all the
+/// specialized thread classes.
+
+struct ThreadBase {
+
+  ThreadBase() : exit(false) {}
+  virtual ~ThreadBase() {}
+  virtual void idle_loop() = 0;
+  void notify_one();
+  void wait_for(volatile const bool& b);
+
+  Mutex mutex;
+  ConditionVariable sleepCondition;
+  NativeHandle handle;
+  volatile bool exit;
+};
+
+
+/// Thread struct keeps together all the thread related stuff like locks, state
+/// and especially split points. We also use per-thread pawn and material hash
+/// tables so that once we get a pointer to an entry its life time is unlimited
+/// and we don't have to care about someone changing the entry under our feet.
+
+struct Thread : public ThreadBase {
+
+  Thread();
+  virtual void idle_loop();
+  bool cutoff_occurred() const;
+  bool is_available_to(const Thread* master) const;
+
+  template <bool Fake>
+  void split(Position& pos, const Search::Stack* ss, Value alpha, Value beta, Value* bestValue, Move* bestMove,
+             Depth depth, Move threatMove, int moveCount, MovePicker* movePicker, int nodeType, bool cutNode);
+
+  SplitPoint splitPoints[MAX_SPLITPOINTS_PER_THREAD];
+  Material::Table materialTable;
+  Endgames endgames;
+  Pawns::Table pawnsTable;
+  Position* activePosition;
+  size_t idx;
+  int maxPly;
+  SplitPoint* volatile activeSplitPoint;
+  volatile int splitPointsSize;
+  volatile bool searching;
+};
+
+
+/// MainThread and TimerThread are derived classes used to characterize the two
+/// special threads: the main one and the recurring timer.
+
+struct MainThread : public Thread {
+  MainThread() : thinking(true) {} // Avoid a race with start_thinking()
+  virtual void idle_loop();
+  volatile bool thinking;
+};
+
+struct TimerThread : public ThreadBase {
+  TimerThread() : msec(0) {}
+  virtual void idle_loop();
+  int msec;
+};
+
+
+/// ThreadPool struct handles all the threads related stuff like init, starting,
+/// parking and, the most important, launching a slave thread at a split point.
+/// All the access to shared thread data is done through this class.
+
+struct ThreadPool : public std::vector<Thread*> {
+
+  void init(); // No c'tor and d'tor, threads rely on globals that should
+  void exit(); // be initialized and valid during the whole thread lifetime.
+
+  MainThread* main() { return static_cast<MainThread*>((*this)[0]); }
+  void read_uci_options();
+  Thread* available_slave(const Thread* master) const;
+  void wait_for_think_finished();
+  void start_thinking(const Position&, const Search::LimitsType&,
+                      const std::vector<Move>&, Search::StateStackPtr&);
+
+  bool sleepWhileIdle;
+  Depth minimumSplitDepth;
+  size_t maxThreadsPerSplitPoint;
+  Mutex mutex;
+  ConditionVariable sleepCondition;
+  TimerThread* timer;
+};
+
+extern ThreadPool Threads;
+
+#endif // #ifndef THREAD_H_INCLUDED

src/timeman.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,27 +17,19 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
 #include <cmath>
+#include <algorithm>
 
-#include "misc.h"
+#include "search.h"
 #include "timeman.h"
 #include "ucioption.h"
 
-////
-//// Local definitions
-////
-
 namespace {
 
   /// Constants
 
   const int MoveHorizon  = 50;    // Plan time management at most this many moves ahead
-  const float MaxRatio   = 3.0f;  // When in trouble, we can step over reserved time with this ratio
+  const float MaxRatio   = 7.0f;  // When in trouble, we can step over reserved time with this ratio
   const float StealRatio = 0.33f; // However we must not steal time from remaining moves over this ratio
 
 
@@ -72,7 +64,7 @@ namespace {
     4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 3, 3, 2, 2, 2, 2,
     2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 };
 
-  int move_importance(int ply) { return MoveImportance[Min(ply, 511)]; }
+  int move_importance(int ply) { return MoveImportance[std::min(ply, 511)]; }
 
 
   /// Function Prototypes
@@ -80,83 +72,83 @@ namespace {
   enum TimeType { OptimumTime, MaxTime };
 
   template<TimeType>
-  int remaining(int myTime, int movesToGo, int currentPly);
+  int remaining(int myTime, int movesToGo, int fullMoveNumber, int slowMover);
 }
 
 
-////
-//// Functions
-////
-
 void TimeManager::pv_instability(int curChanges, int prevChanges) {
 
-    unstablePVExtraTime =  curChanges  * (optimumSearchTime / 2)
-                         + prevChanges * (optimumSearchTime / 3);
+  unstablePVExtraTime =  curChanges  * (optimumSearchTime / 2)
+                       + prevChanges * (optimumSearchTime / 3);
 }
 
-void TimeManager::init(int myTime, int myInc, int movesToGo, int currentPly)
+
+void TimeManager::init(const Search::LimitsType& limits, int currentPly, Color us)
 {
   /* We support four different kind of time controls:
 
-      Inc == 0 && movesToGo == 0 means: x basetime  [sudden death!]
-      Inc == 0 && movesToGo != 0 means: (x moves) / (y minutes)
-      Inc > 0  && movesToGo == 0 means: x basetime + z inc.
-      Inc > 0  && movesToGo != 0 means: (x moves) / (y minutes) + z inc
+      increment == 0 && movesToGo == 0 means: x basetime  [sudden death!]
+      increment == 0 && movesToGo != 0 means: x moves in y minutes
+      increment >  0 && movesToGo == 0 means: x basetime + z increment
+      increment >  0 && movesToGo != 0 means: x moves in y minutes + z increment
 
     Time management is adjusted by following UCI parameters:
 
-      emergencyMoveHorizon :Be prepared to always play at least this many moves
-      emergencyBaseTime    :Always attempt to keep at least this much time (in ms) at clock
-      emergencyMoveTime    :Plus attempt to keep at least this much time for each remaining emergency move
-      minThinkingTime      :No matter what, use at least this much thinking before doing the move
+      emergencyMoveHorizon: Be prepared to always play at least this many moves
+      emergencyBaseTime   : Always attempt to keep at least this much time (in ms) at clock
+      emergencyMoveTime   : Plus attempt to keep at least this much time for each remaining emergency move
+      minThinkingTime     : No matter what, use at least this much thinking before doing the move
   */
 
   int hypMTG, hypMyTime, t1, t2;
 
   // Read uci parameters
-  int emergencyMoveHorizon = Options["Emergency Move Horizon"].value<int>();
-  int emergencyBaseTime    = Options["Emergency Base Time"].value<int>();
-  int emergencyMoveTime    = Options["Emergency Move Time"].value<int>();
-  int minThinkingTime      = Options["Minimum Thinking Time"].value<int>();
+  int emergencyMoveHorizon = Options["Emergency Move Horizon"];
+  int emergencyBaseTime    = Options["Emergency Base Time"];
+  int emergencyMoveTime    = Options["Emergency Move Time"];
+  int minThinkingTime      = Options["Minimum Thinking Time"];
+  int slowMover            = Options["Slow Mover"];
 
   // Initialize to maximum values but unstablePVExtraTime that is reset
   unstablePVExtraTime = 0;
-  optimumSearchTime = maximumSearchTime = myTime;
+  optimumSearchTime = maximumSearchTime = limits.time[us];
 
   // We calculate optimum time usage for different hypothetic "moves to go"-values and choose the
   // minimum of calculated search time values. Usually the greatest hypMTG gives the minimum values.
-  for (hypMTG = 1; hypMTG <= (movesToGo ? Min(movesToGo, MoveHorizon) : MoveHorizon); hypMTG++)
+  for (hypMTG = 1; hypMTG <= (limits.movestogo ? std::min(limits.movestogo, MoveHorizon) : MoveHorizon); hypMTG++)
   {
       // Calculate thinking time for hypothetic "moves to go"-value
-      hypMyTime = Max(myTime + (hypMTG - 1) * myInc - emergencyBaseTime - Min(hypMTG, emergencyMoveHorizon) * emergencyMoveTime, 0);
+      hypMyTime =  limits.time[us]
+                 + limits.inc[us] * (hypMTG - 1)
+                 - emergencyBaseTime
+                 - emergencyMoveTime * std::min(hypMTG, emergencyMoveHorizon);
 
-      t1 = minThinkingTime + remaining<OptimumTime>(hypMyTime, hypMTG, currentPly);
-      t2 = minThinkingTime + remaining<MaxTime>(hypMyTime, hypMTG, currentPly);
+      hypMyTime = std::max(hypMyTime, 0);
 
-      optimumSearchTime = Min(optimumSearchTime, t1);
-      maximumSearchTime = Min(maximumSearchTime, t2);
+      t1 = minThinkingTime + remaining<OptimumTime>(hypMyTime, hypMTG, currentPly, slowMover);
+      t2 = minThinkingTime + remaining<MaxTime>(hypMyTime, hypMTG, currentPly, slowMover);
+
+      optimumSearchTime = std::min(optimumSearchTime, t1);
+      maximumSearchTime = std::min(maximumSearchTime, t2);
   }
 
-  if (Options["Ponder"].value<bool>())
+  if (Options["Ponder"])
       optimumSearchTime += optimumSearchTime / 4;
 
   // Make sure that maxSearchTime is not over absoluteMaxSearchTime
-  optimumSearchTime = Min(optimumSearchTime, maximumSearchTime);
+  optimumSearchTime = std::min(optimumSearchTime, maximumSearchTime);
 }
 
-////
-//// Local functions
-////
 
 namespace {
 
   template<TimeType T>
-  int remaining(int myTime, int movesToGo, int currentPly)
+  int remaining(int myTime, int movesToGo, int currentPly, int slowMover)
   {
     const float TMaxRatio   = (T == OptimumTime ? 1 : MaxRatio);
     const float TStealRatio = (T == OptimumTime ? 0 : StealRatio);
 
-    int thisMoveImportance = move_importance(currentPly);
+    int thisMoveImportance = move_importance(currentPly) * slowMover / 100;
     int otherMovesImportance = 0;
 
     for (int i = 1; i < movesToGo; i++)
@@ -165,6 +157,6 @@ namespace {
     float ratio1 = (TMaxRatio * thisMoveImportance) / float(TMaxRatio * thisMoveImportance + otherMovesImportance);
     float ratio2 = (thisMoveImportance + TStealRatio * otherMovesImportance) / float(thisMoveImportance + otherMovesImportance);
 
-    return int(floor(myTime * Min(ratio1, ratio2)));
+    return int(floor(myTime * std::min(ratio1, ratio2)));
   }
 }

src/timeman.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,18 +17,15 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-
-#if !defined(TIMEMAN_H_INCLUDED)
+#ifndef TIMEMAN_H_INCLUDED
 #define TIMEMAN_H_INCLUDED
 
-////
-//// Prototypes
-////
+/// The TimeManager class computes the optimal time to think depending on the
+/// maximum available time, the move game number and other parameters.
 
 class TimeManager {
 public:
-
-  void init(int myTime, int myInc, int movesToGo, int currentPly);
+  void init(const Search::LimitsType& limits, int currentPly, Color us);
   void pv_instability(int curChanges, int prevChanges);
   int available_time() const { return optimumSearchTime + unstablePVExtraTime; }
   int maximum_time() const { return maximumSearchTime; }
@@ -39,4 +36,4 @@ private:
   int unstablePVExtraTime;
 };
 
-#endif // !defined(TIMEMAN_H_INCLUDED)
+#endif // #ifndef TIMEMAN_H_INCLUDED

src/tt.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,142 +17,105 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
-#include <cassert>
 #include <cstring>
+#include <iostream>
 
+#include "bitboard.h"
 #include "tt.h"
 
-// The main transposition table
-TranspositionTable TT;
-
-////
-//// Functions
-////
-
-TranspositionTable::TranspositionTable() {
-
-  size = 0;
-  entries = 0;
-  generation = 0;
-}
-
-TranspositionTable::~TranspositionTable() {
-
-  delete [] entries;
-}
+TranspositionTable TT; // Our global transposition table
 
 
-/// TranspositionTable::set_size sets the size of the transposition table,
-/// measured in megabytes.
+/// TranspositionTable::set_size() sets the size of the transposition table,
+/// measured in megabytes. Transposition table consists of a power of 2 number
+/// of clusters and each cluster consists of ClusterSize number of TTEntry.
 
 void TranspositionTable::set_size(size_t mbSize) {
 
-  size_t newSize = 1024;
+  assert(msb((mbSize << 20) / sizeof(TTEntry)) < 32);
 
-  // Transposition table consists of clusters and
-  // each cluster consists of ClusterSize number of TTEntries.
-  // Each non-empty entry contains information of exactly one position.
-  // newSize is the number of clusters we are going to allocate.
-  while ((2 * newSize) * sizeof(TTCluster) <= (mbSize << 20))
-      newSize *= 2;
+  uint32_t size = ClusterSize << msb((mbSize << 20) / sizeof(TTEntry[ClusterSize]));
 
-  if (newSize != size)
+  if (hashMask == size - ClusterSize)
+      return;
+
+  hashMask = size - ClusterSize;
+  free(mem);
+  mem = calloc(size * sizeof(TTEntry) + CACHE_LINE_SIZE - 1, 1);
+
+  if (!mem)
   {
-      size = newSize;
-      delete [] entries;
-      entries = new TTCluster[size];
-      if (!entries)
-      {
-          std::cerr << "Failed to allocate " << mbSize
-                    << " MB for transposition table." << std::endl;
-          exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-      }
-      clear();
+      std::cerr << "Failed to allocate " << mbSize
+                << "MB for transposition table." << std::endl;
+      exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
   }
+
+  table = (TTEntry*)((uintptr_t(mem) + CACHE_LINE_SIZE - 1) & ~(CACHE_LINE_SIZE - 1));
 }
 
 
-/// TranspositionTable::clear overwrites the entire transposition table
+/// TranspositionTable::clear() overwrites the entire transposition table
 /// with zeroes. It is called whenever the table is resized, or when the
 /// user asks the program to clear the table (from the UCI interface).
-/// Perhaps we should also clear it when the "ucinewgame" command is received?
 
 void TranspositionTable::clear() {
 
-  memset(entries, 0, size * sizeof(TTCluster));
+  std::memset(table, 0, (hashMask + ClusterSize) * sizeof(TTEntry));
 }
 
 
-/// TranspositionTable::store writes a new entry containing position key and
-/// valuable information of current position.
-/// The Lowest order bits of position key are used to decide on which cluster
-/// the position will be placed.
-/// When a new entry is written and there are no empty entries available in cluster,
-/// it replaces the least valuable of entries.
-/// A TTEntry t1 is considered to be more valuable than a TTEntry t2 if t1 is from the
-/// current search and t2 is from a previous search, or if the depth of t1
-/// is bigger than the depth of t2.
+/// TranspositionTable::probe() looks up the current position in the
+/// transposition table. Returns a pointer to the TTEntry or NULL if
+/// position is not found.
 
-void TranspositionTable::store(const Key posKey, Value v, ValueType t, Depth d, Move m, Value statV, Value kingD) {
+const TTEntry* TranspositionTable::probe(const Key key) const {
 
-  int c1, c2, c3;
-  TTEntry *tte, *replace;
-  uint32_t posKey32 = posKey >> 32; // Use the high 32 bits as key
+  const TTEntry* tte = first_entry(key);
+  uint32_t key32 = key >> 32;
 
-  tte = replace = first_entry(posKey);
-  for (int i = 0; i < ClusterSize; i++, tte++)
-  {
-      if (!tte->key() || tte->key() == posKey32) // empty or overwrite old
-      {
-          // Preserve any existing ttMove
-          if (m == MOVE_NONE)
-              m = tte->move();
-
-          tte->save(posKey32, v, t, d, m, generation, statV, kingD);
-          return;
-      }
-
-      if (i == 0)  // Replacing first entry is default and already set before entering for-loop
-          continue;
-
-      c1 = (replace->generation() == generation ?  2 : 0);
-      c2 = (tte->generation() == generation ? -2 : 0);
-      c3 = (tte->depth() < replace->depth() ?  1 : 0);
-
-      if (c1 + c2 + c3 > 0)
-          replace = tte;
-  }
-  replace->save(posKey32, v, t, d, m, generation, statV, kingD);
-}
-
-
-/// TranspositionTable::retrieve looks up the current position in the
-/// transposition table. Returns a pointer to the TTEntry or NULL
-/// if position is not found.
-
-TTEntry* TranspositionTable::retrieve(const Key posKey) const {
-
-  uint32_t posKey32 = posKey >> 32;
-  TTEntry* tte = first_entry(posKey);
-
-  for (int i = 0; i < ClusterSize; i++, tte++)
-      if (tte->key() == posKey32)
+  for (unsigned i = 0; i < ClusterSize; i++, tte++)
+      if (tte->key() == key32)
           return tte;
 
   return NULL;
 }
 
 
-/// TranspositionTable::new_search() is called at the beginning of every new
-/// search. It increments the "generation" variable, which is used to
-/// distinguish transposition table entries from previous searches from
-/// entries from the current search.
+/// TranspositionTable::store() writes a new entry containing position key and
+/// valuable information of current position. The lowest order bits of position
+/// key are used to decide on which cluster the position will be placed.
+/// When a new entry is written and there are no empty entries available in cluster,
+/// it replaces the least valuable of entries. A TTEntry t1 is considered to be
+/// more valuable than a TTEntry t2 if t1 is from the current search and t2 is from
+/// a previous search, or if the depth of t1 is bigger than the depth of t2.
 
-void TranspositionTable::new_search() {
-  generation++;
+void TranspositionTable::store(const Key key, Value v, Bound b, Depth d, Move m, Value statV, Value evalM) {
+
+  int c1, c2, c3;
+  TTEntry *tte, *replace;
+  uint32_t key32 = key >> 32; // Use the high 32 bits as key inside the cluster
+
+  tte = replace = first_entry(key);
+
+  for (unsigned i = 0; i < ClusterSize; i++, tte++)
+  {
+      if (!tte->key() || tte->key() == key32) // Empty or overwrite old
+      {
+          if (!m)
+              m = tte->move(); // Preserve any existing ttMove
+
+          replace = tte;
+          break;
+      }
+
+      // Implement replace strategy
+      c1 = (replace->generation() == generation ?  2 : 0);
+      c2 = (tte->generation() == generation || tte->bound() == BOUND_EXACT ? -2 : 0);
+      c3 = (tte->depth() < replace->depth() ?  1 : 0);
+
+      if (c1 + c2 + c3 > 0)
+          replace = tte;
+  }
+
+  replace->save(key32, v, b, d, m, generation, statV, evalM);
 }

src/tt.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,131 +17,102 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-
-#if !defined(TT_H_INCLUDED)
+#ifndef TT_H_INCLUDED
 #define TT_H_INCLUDED
 
-////
-//// Includes
-////
+#include "misc.h"
+#include "types.h"
 
-#include "depth.h"
-#include "move.h"
-#include "value.h"
-
-
-////
-//// Types
-////
-
-/// The TTEntry class is the class of transposition table entries
+/// The TTEntry is the 128 bit transposition table entry, defined as below:
 ///
-/// A TTEntry needs 128 bits to be stored
-///
-/// bit  0-31: key
-/// bit 32-63: data
-/// bit 64-79: value
-/// bit 80-95: depth
-/// bit 96-111: static value
-/// bit 112-127: margin of static value
-///
-/// the 32 bits of the data field are so defined
-///
-/// bit  0-16: move
-/// bit 17-20: not used
-/// bit 21-22: value type
-/// bit 23-31: generation
+/// key: 32 bit
+/// move: 16 bit
+/// bound type: 8 bit
+/// generation: 8 bit
+/// value: 16 bit
+/// depth: 16 bit
+/// static value: 16 bit
+/// static margin: 16 bit
 
-class TTEntry {
+struct TTEntry {
 
-public:
-  void save(uint32_t k, Value v, ValueType t, Depth d, Move m, int g, Value statV, Value kd) {
+  void save(uint32_t k, Value v, Bound b, Depth d, Move m, int g, Value ev, Value em) {
 
-      key32 = k;
-      data = (m & 0x1FFFF) | (t << 21) | (g << 23);
-      value16     = int16_t(v);
-      depth16     = int16_t(d);
-      staticValue = int16_t(statV);
-      staticValueMargin  = int16_t(kd);
+    key32        = (uint32_t)k;
+    move16       = (uint16_t)m;
+    bound8       = (uint8_t)b;
+    generation8  = (uint8_t)g;
+    value16      = (int16_t)v;
+    depth16      = (int16_t)d;
+    evalValue    = (int16_t)ev;
+    evalMargin   = (int16_t)em;
   }
-  void set_generation(int g) { data = move() | (type() << 21) | (g << 23); }
+  void set_generation(uint8_t g) { generation8 = g; }
 
-  uint32_t key() const { return key32; }
-  Depth depth() const { return Depth(depth16); }
-  Move move() const { return Move(data & 0x1FFFF); }
-  Value value() const { return Value(value16); }
-  ValueType type() const { return ValueType((data >> 21) & 3); }
-  int generation() const { return data >> 23; }
-  Value static_value() const { return Value(staticValue); }
-  Value static_value_margin() const { return Value(staticValueMargin); }
+  uint32_t key() const      { return key32; }
+  Depth depth() const       { return (Depth)depth16; }
+  Move move() const         { return (Move)move16; }
+  Value value() const       { return (Value)value16; }
+  Bound bound() const       { return (Bound)bound8; }
+  int generation() const    { return (int)generation8; }
+  Value eval_value() const  { return (Value)evalValue; }
+  Value eval_margin() const { return (Value)evalMargin; }
 
 private:
   uint32_t key32;
-  uint32_t data;
-  int16_t value16;
-  int16_t depth16;
-  int16_t staticValue;
-  int16_t staticValueMargin;
+  uint16_t move16;
+  uint8_t bound8, generation8;
+  int16_t value16, depth16, evalValue, evalMargin;
 };
 
 
-/// This is the number of TTEntry slots for each cluster
-const int ClusterSize = 4;
-
-/// TTCluster consists of ClusterSize number of TTEntries.
-/// Size of TTCluster must not be bigger than a cache line size.
-/// In case it is less, it should be padded to guarantee always aligned accesses.
-
-struct TTCluster {
-  TTEntry data[ClusterSize];
-};
-
-
-/// The transposition table class. This is basically just a huge array
-/// containing TTCluster objects, and a few methods for writing new entries
-/// and reading new ones.
+/// A TranspositionTable consists of a power of 2 number of clusters and each
+/// cluster consists of ClusterSize number of TTEntry. Each non-empty entry
+/// contains information of exactly one position. Size of a cluster shall not be
+/// bigger than a cache line size. In case it is less, it should be padded to
+/// guarantee always aligned accesses.
 
 class TranspositionTable {
 
-  TranspositionTable(const TranspositionTable&);
-  TranspositionTable& operator=(const TranspositionTable&);
+  static const unsigned ClusterSize = 4; // A cluster is 64 Bytes
 
 public:
-  TranspositionTable();
-  ~TranspositionTable();
+ ~TranspositionTable() { free(mem); }
+  void new_search() { generation++; }
+
+  const TTEntry* probe(const Key key) const;
+  TTEntry* first_entry(const Key key) const;
+  void refresh(const TTEntry* tte) const;
   void set_size(size_t mbSize);
   void clear();
-  void store(const Key posKey, Value v, ValueType type, Depth d, Move m, Value statV, Value kingD);
-  TTEntry* retrieve(const Key posKey) const;
-  void new_search();
-  TTEntry* first_entry(const Key posKey) const;
-  void refresh(const TTEntry* tte) const;
+  void store(const Key key, Value v, Bound type, Depth d, Move m, Value statV, Value kingD);
 
 private:
-  size_t size;
-  TTCluster* entries;
-  uint8_t generation; // To properly compare, size must be smaller then TT stored value
+  uint32_t hashMask;
+  TTEntry* table;
+  void* mem;
+  uint8_t generation; // Size must be not bigger than TTEntry::generation8
 };
 
 extern TranspositionTable TT;
 
 
-/// TranspositionTable::first_entry returns a pointer to the first
-/// entry of a cluster given a position. The lowest order bits of the key
-/// are used to get the index of the cluster.
+/// TranspositionTable::first_entry() returns a pointer to the first entry of
+/// a cluster given a position. The lowest order bits of the key are used to
+/// get the index of the cluster.
 
-inline TTEntry* TranspositionTable::first_entry(const Key posKey) const {
+inline TTEntry* TranspositionTable::first_entry(const Key key) const {
 
-  return entries[uint32_t(posKey) & (size - 1)].data;
+  return table + ((uint32_t)key & hashMask);
 }
 
 
-/// TranspositionTable::refresh updates the 'generation' value of the TTEntry
-/// to avoid aging. Normally called after a TT hit, before to return.
+/// TranspositionTable::refresh() updates the 'generation' value of the TTEntry
+/// to avoid aging. Normally called after a TT hit.
 
 inline void TranspositionTable::refresh(const TTEntry* tte) const {
 
   const_cast<TTEntry*>(tte)->set_generation(generation);
 }
 
-#endif // !defined(TT_H_INCLUDED)
+#endif // #ifndef TT_H_INCLUDED

src/types.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,160 +17,427 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-#if !defined(TYPES_H_INCLUDED)
+#ifndef TYPES_H_INCLUDED
 #define TYPES_H_INCLUDED
 
-#if !defined(_MSC_VER)
-
-#include <inttypes.h>
-
-#else
-
-// Disable some silly and noisy warning from MSVC compiler
-#pragma warning(disable: 4800) // Forcing value to bool 'true' or 'false'
-#pragma warning(disable: 4127) // Conditional expression is constant
-
-typedef __int8 int8_t;
-typedef unsigned __int8 uint8_t;
-typedef __int16 int16;
-typedef unsigned __int16 uint16_t;
-typedef __int32 int32_t;
-typedef unsigned __int32 uint32_t;
-typedef __int64 int64_t;
-typedef unsigned __int64 uint64_t;
-
-typedef __int16 int16_t;
-typedef __int64 int64_t;
-
-#endif // !defined(_MSC_VER)
-
-// Hash keys
-typedef uint64_t Key;
-
-// Bitboard type
-typedef uint64_t Bitboard;
+/// For Linux and OSX configuration is done automatically using Makefile. To get
+/// started type 'make help'.
+///
+/// For Windows, part of the configuration is detected automatically, but some
+/// switches need to be set manually:
+///
+/// -DNDEBUG      | Disable debugging mode. Use always.
+///
+/// -DNO_PREFETCH | Disable use of prefetch asm-instruction. A must if you want
+///               | the executable to run on some very old machines.
+///
+/// -DUSE_POPCNT  | Add runtime support for use of popcnt asm-instruction. Works
+///               | only in 64-bit mode. For compiling requires hardware with
+///               | popcnt support.
 
+#include <cassert>
+#include <cctype>
+#include <climits>
 #include <cstdlib>
 
-////
-//// Configuration
-////
+#include "platform.h"
 
-//// For Linux and OSX configuration is done automatically using Makefile.
-//// To get started type "make help".
-////
-//// For windows part of the configuration is detected automatically, but
-//// some switches need to be set manually:
-////
-//// -DNDEBUG       | Disable debugging mode. Use always.
-////
-//// -DNO_PREFETCH  | Disable use of prefetch asm-instruction. A must if you want the
-////                | executable to run on some very old machines.
-////
-//// -DUSE_POPCNT   | Add runtime support for use of popcnt asm-instruction.
-////                | Works only in 64-bit mode. For compiling requires hardware
-////                | with popcnt support. Around 4% speed-up.
+#define unlikely(x) (x) // For code annotation purposes
 
-// Automatic detection for 64-bit under Windows
-#if defined(_WIN64)
-#define IS_64BIT
+#if defined(_WIN64) && !defined(IS_64BIT)
+#  include <intrin.h> // MSVC popcnt and bsfq instrinsics
+#  define IS_64BIT
+#  define USE_BSFQ
 #endif
 
-// Automatic detection for use of bsfq asm-instruction under Windows.
-// Works only in 64-bit mode. Does not work with MSVC.
-#if defined(_WIN64) && defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
-#define USE_BSFQ
+#if defined(USE_POPCNT) && defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
+#  include <nmmintrin.h> // Intel header for _mm_popcnt_u64() intrinsic
 #endif
 
-// Cache line alignment specification
+#  if !defined(NO_PREFETCH) && (defined(__INTEL_COMPILER) || defined(_MSC_VER))
+#   include <xmmintrin.h> // Intel and Microsoft header for _mm_prefetch()
+#  endif
+
+#define CACHE_LINE_SIZE 64
 #if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
-#define CACHE_LINE_ALIGNMENT __declspec(align(64))
+#  define CACHE_LINE_ALIGNMENT __declspec(align(CACHE_LINE_SIZE))
 #else
-#define CACHE_LINE_ALIGNMENT  __attribute__ ((aligned(64)))
+#  define CACHE_LINE_ALIGNMENT  __attribute__ ((aligned(CACHE_LINE_SIZE)))
 #endif
 
-// Define a __cpuid() function for gcc compilers, for Intel and MSVC
-// is already available as an intrinsic.
-#if defined(_MSC_VER)
-#include <intrin.h>
-#elif defined(__GNUC__) && (defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__))
-inline void __cpuid(int CPUInfo[4], int InfoType)
-{
-  int* eax = CPUInfo + 0;
-  int* ebx = CPUInfo + 1;
-  int* ecx = CPUInfo + 2;
-  int* edx = CPUInfo + 3;
-
-  *eax = InfoType;
-  *ecx = 0;
-  __asm__("cpuid" : "=a" (*eax), "=b" (*ebx), "=c" (*ecx), "=d" (*edx)
-                  : "0" (*eax), "2" (*ecx));
-}
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#  define FORCE_INLINE  __forceinline
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
+#  define FORCE_INLINE  inline __attribute__((always_inline))
 #else
-inline void __cpuid(int CPUInfo[4], int)
-{
-   CPUInfo[0] = CPUInfo[1] = CPUInfo[2] = CPUInfo[3] = 0;
-}
+#  define FORCE_INLINE  inline
 #endif
 
+#ifdef USE_POPCNT
+const bool HasPopCnt = true;
+#else
+const bool HasPopCnt = false;
+#endif
 
-// Templetized operators used by enum types like Depth, Piece, Square and so on.
-// We don't want to write the same inline for each different enum. Note that we
-// pass by value to silence scaring warnings when using volatiles.
-// Because these templates override common operators and are included in all the
-// files, there is a possibility that the compiler silently performs some unwanted
-// overrides. To avoid possible very nasty bugs the templates are disabled by default
-// and must be enabled for each type on a case by case base. The enabling trick
-// uses template specialization, namely we just declare following struct.
-template<typename T> struct TempletizedOperator;
+#ifdef IS_64BIT
+const bool Is64Bit = true;
+#else
+const bool Is64Bit = false;
+#endif
 
-// Then to enable the enum type we use following macro that defines a specialization
-// of TempletizedOperator for the given enum T. Here is defined typedef Not_Enabled.
-// Name of typedef is chosen to produce somewhat informative compile error messages.
-#define ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(T)  \
-        template<> struct TempletizedOperator<T> { typedef T Not_Enabled; }
+typedef uint64_t Key;
+typedef uint64_t Bitboard;
 
-// Finally we use macro OK(T) to check if type T is enabled. The macro simply
-// tries to use Not_Enabled, if was not previously defined a compile error occurs.
-// The check is done fully at compile time and there is zero overhead at runtime.
-#define OK(T) typedef typename TempletizedOperator<T>::Not_Enabled Type
+const int MAX_MOVES      = 192;
+const int MAX_PLY        = 100;
+const int MAX_PLY_PLUS_6 = MAX_PLY + 6;
 
-template<typename T>
-inline T operator+ (const T d1, const T d2) { OK(T); return T(int(d1) + int(d2)); }
+/// A move needs 16 bits to be stored
+///
+/// bit  0- 5: destination square (from 0 to 63)
+/// bit  6-11: origin square (from 0 to 63)
+/// bit 12-13: promotion piece type - 2 (from KNIGHT-2 to QUEEN-2)
+/// bit 14-15: special move flag: promotion (1), en passant (2), castle (3)
+///
+/// Special cases are MOVE_NONE and MOVE_NULL. We can sneak these in because in
+/// any normal move destination square is always different from origin square
+/// while MOVE_NONE and MOVE_NULL have the same origin and destination square.
 
-template<typename T>
-inline T operator- (const T d1, const T d2) { OK(T); return T(int(d1) - int(d2)); }
+enum Move {
+  MOVE_NONE,
+  MOVE_NULL = 65
+};
 
-template<typename T>
-inline T operator* (int i, const T d) { OK(T); return T(i * int(d)); }
+enum MoveType {
+  NORMAL,
+  PROMOTION = 1 << 14,
+  ENPASSANT = 2 << 14,
+  CASTLE    = 3 << 14
+};
 
-template<typename T>
-inline T operator* (const T d, int i) { OK(T); return T(int(d) * i); }
+enum CastleRight {  // Defined as in PolyGlot book hash key
+  CASTLES_NONE,
+  WHITE_OO,
+  WHITE_OOO   = WHITE_OO << 1,
+  BLACK_OO    = WHITE_OO << 2,
+  BLACK_OOO   = WHITE_OO << 3,
+  ALL_CASTLES = WHITE_OO | WHITE_OOO | BLACK_OO | BLACK_OOO,
+  CASTLE_RIGHT_NB = 16
+};
 
-template<typename T>
-inline T operator/ (const T d, int i) { OK(T); return T(int(d) / i); }
+enum CastlingSide {
+  KING_SIDE,
+  QUEEN_SIDE,
+  CASTLING_SIDE_NB = 2
+};
 
-template<typename T>
-inline T operator- (const T d) { OK(T); return T(-int(d)); }
+enum Phase {
+  PHASE_ENDGAME,
+  PHASE_MIDGAME = 128,
+  MG = 0, EG = 1, PHASE_NB = 2
+};
 
-template<typename T>
-inline T operator++ (T& d, int) { OK(T); d = T(int(d) + 1); return d; }
+enum ScaleFactor {
+  SCALE_FACTOR_DRAW   = 0,
+  SCALE_FACTOR_NORMAL = 64,
+  SCALE_FACTOR_MAX    = 128,
+  SCALE_FACTOR_NONE   = 255
+};
 
-template<typename T>
-inline T operator-- (T& d, int) { OK(T); d = T(int(d) - 1); return d; }
+enum Bound {
+  BOUND_NONE,
+  BOUND_UPPER,
+  BOUND_LOWER,
+  BOUND_EXACT = BOUND_UPPER | BOUND_LOWER
+};
 
-template<typename T>
-inline void operator+= (T& d1, const T d2) { OK(T); d1 = d1 + d2; }
+enum Value {
+  VALUE_ZERO      = 0,
+  VALUE_DRAW      = 0,
+  VALUE_KNOWN_WIN = 15000,
+  VALUE_MATE      = 30000,
+  VALUE_INFINITE  = 30001,
+  VALUE_NONE      = 30002,
 
-template<typename T>
-inline void operator-= (T& d1, const T d2) { OK(T); d1 = d1 - d2; }
+  VALUE_MATE_IN_MAX_PLY  =  VALUE_MATE - MAX_PLY,
+  VALUE_MATED_IN_MAX_PLY = -VALUE_MATE + MAX_PLY,
 
-template<typename T>
-inline void operator*= (T& d, int i) { OK(T); d = T(int(d) * i); }
+  VALUE_ENSURE_INTEGER_SIZE_P = INT_MAX,
+  VALUE_ENSURE_INTEGER_SIZE_N = INT_MIN,
 
-template<typename T>
-inline void operator/= (T& d, int i) { OK(T); d = T(int(d) / i); }
+  PawnValueMg   = 198,   PawnValueEg   = 258,
+  KnightValueMg = 817,   KnightValueEg = 846,
+  BishopValueMg = 836,   BishopValueEg = 857,
+  RookValueMg   = 1270,  RookValueEg   = 1278,
+  QueenValueMg  = 2521,  QueenValueEg  = 2558
+};
 
-#undef OK
+enum PieceType {
+  NO_PIECE_TYPE, PAWN, KNIGHT, BISHOP, ROOK, QUEEN, KING,
+  ALL_PIECES = 0,
+  PIECE_TYPE_NB = 8
+};
 
-#endif // !defined(TYPES_H_INCLUDED)
+enum Piece {
+  NO_PIECE,
+  W_PAWN = 1, W_KNIGHT, W_BISHOP, W_ROOK, W_QUEEN, W_KING,
+  B_PAWN = 9, B_KNIGHT, B_BISHOP, B_ROOK, B_QUEEN, B_KING,
+  PIECE_NB = 16
+};
+
+enum Color {
+  WHITE, BLACK, NO_COLOR, COLOR_NB = 2
+};
+
+enum Depth {
+
+  ONE_PLY = 2,
+
+  DEPTH_ZERO          =  0 * ONE_PLY,
+  DEPTH_QS_CHECKS     = -1 * ONE_PLY,
+  DEPTH_QS_NO_CHECKS  = -2 * ONE_PLY,
+  DEPTH_QS_RECAPTURES = -7 * ONE_PLY,
+
+  DEPTH_NONE = -127 * ONE_PLY
+};
+
+enum Square {
+  SQ_A1, SQ_B1, SQ_C1, SQ_D1, SQ_E1, SQ_F1, SQ_G1, SQ_H1,
+  SQ_A2, SQ_B2, SQ_C2, SQ_D2, SQ_E2, SQ_F2, SQ_G2, SQ_H2,
+  SQ_A3, SQ_B3, SQ_C3, SQ_D3, SQ_E3, SQ_F3, SQ_G3, SQ_H3,
+  SQ_A4, SQ_B4, SQ_C4, SQ_D4, SQ_E4, SQ_F4, SQ_G4, SQ_H4,
+  SQ_A5, SQ_B5, SQ_C5, SQ_D5, SQ_E5, SQ_F5, SQ_G5, SQ_H5,
+  SQ_A6, SQ_B6, SQ_C6, SQ_D6, SQ_E6, SQ_F6, SQ_G6, SQ_H6,
+  SQ_A7, SQ_B7, SQ_C7, SQ_D7, SQ_E7, SQ_F7, SQ_G7, SQ_H7,
+  SQ_A8, SQ_B8, SQ_C8, SQ_D8, SQ_E8, SQ_F8, SQ_G8, SQ_H8,
+  SQ_NONE,
+
+  SQUARE_NB = 64,
+
+  DELTA_N =  8,
+  DELTA_E =  1,
+  DELTA_S = -8,
+  DELTA_W = -1,
+
+  DELTA_NN = DELTA_N + DELTA_N,
+  DELTA_NE = DELTA_N + DELTA_E,
+  DELTA_SE = DELTA_S + DELTA_E,
+  DELTA_SS = DELTA_S + DELTA_S,
+  DELTA_SW = DELTA_S + DELTA_W,
+  DELTA_NW = DELTA_N + DELTA_W
+};
+
+enum File {
+  FILE_A, FILE_B, FILE_C, FILE_D, FILE_E, FILE_F, FILE_G, FILE_H, FILE_NB
+};
+
+enum Rank {
+  RANK_1, RANK_2, RANK_3, RANK_4, RANK_5, RANK_6, RANK_7, RANK_8, RANK_NB
+};
+
+
+/// Score enum keeps a midgame and an endgame value in a single integer (enum),
+/// first LSB 16 bits are used to store endgame value, while upper bits are used
+/// for midgame value. Compiler is free to choose the enum type as long as can
+/// keep its data, so ensure Score to be an integer type.
+enum Score {
+  SCORE_ZERO,
+  SCORE_ENSURE_INTEGER_SIZE_P = INT_MAX,
+  SCORE_ENSURE_INTEGER_SIZE_N = INT_MIN
+};
+
+inline Score make_score(int mg, int eg) { return Score((mg << 16) + eg); }
+
+/// Extracting the signed lower and upper 16 bits it not so trivial because
+/// according to the standard a simple cast to short is implementation defined
+/// and so is a right shift of a signed integer.
+inline Value mg_value(Score s) { return Value(((s + 0x8000) & ~0xffff) / 0x10000); }
+
+/// On Intel 64 bit we have a small speed regression with the standard conforming
+/// version, so use a faster code in this case that, although not 100% standard
+/// compliant it seems to work for Intel and MSVC.
+#if defined(IS_64BIT) && (!defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__INTEL_COMPILER))
+
+inline Value eg_value(Score s) { return Value(int16_t(s & 0xffff)); }
+
+#else
+
+inline Value eg_value(Score s) {
+  return Value((int)(unsigned(s) & 0x7fffu) - (int)(unsigned(s) & 0x8000u));
+}
+
+#endif
+
+#define ENABLE_SAFE_OPERATORS_ON(T)                                         \
+inline T operator+(const T d1, const T d2) { return T(int(d1) + int(d2)); } \
+inline T operator-(const T d1, const T d2) { return T(int(d1) - int(d2)); } \
+inline T operator*(int i, const T d) { return T(i * int(d)); }              \
+inline T operator*(const T d, int i) { return T(int(d) * i); }              \
+inline T operator-(const T d) { return T(-int(d)); }                        \
+inline T& operator+=(T& d1, const T d2) { d1 = d1 + d2; return d1; }        \
+inline T& operator-=(T& d1, const T d2) { d1 = d1 - d2; return d1; }        \
+inline T& operator*=(T& d, int i) { d = T(int(d) * i); return d; }
+
+#define ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(T) ENABLE_SAFE_OPERATORS_ON(T)                  \
+inline T operator++(T& d, int) { d = T(int(d) + 1); return d; }             \
+inline T operator--(T& d, int) { d = T(int(d) - 1); return d; }             \
+inline T operator/(const T d, int i) { return T(int(d) / i); }              \
+inline T& operator/=(T& d, int i) { d = T(int(d) / i); return d; }
+
+ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(Value)
+ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(PieceType)
+ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(Piece)
+ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(Color)
+ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(Depth)
+ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(Square)
+ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(File)
+ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(Rank)
+
+/// Added operators for adding integers to a Value
+inline Value operator+(Value v, int i) { return Value(int(v) + i); }
+inline Value operator-(Value v, int i) { return Value(int(v) - i); }
+
+ENABLE_SAFE_OPERATORS_ON(Score)
+
+/// Only declared but not defined. We don't want to multiply two scores due to
+/// a very high risk of overflow. So user should explicitly convert to integer.
+inline Score operator*(Score s1, Score s2);
+
+/// Division of a Score must be handled separately for each term
+inline Score operator/(Score s, int i) {
+  return make_score(mg_value(s) / i, eg_value(s) / i);
+}
+
+#undef ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON
+#undef ENABLE_SAFE_OPERATORS_ON
+
+extern Value PieceValue[PHASE_NB][PIECE_NB];
+
+struct ExtMove {
+  Move move;
+  int score;
+};
+
+inline bool operator<(const ExtMove& f, const ExtMove& s) {
+  return f.score < s.score;
+}
+
+inline Color operator~(Color c) {
+  return Color(c ^ 1);
+}
+
+inline Square operator~(Square s) {
+  return Square(s ^ 56); // Vertical flip SQ_A1 -> SQ_A8
+}
+
+inline Square operator|(File f, Rank r) {
+  return Square((r << 3) | f);
+}
+
+inline Value mate_in(int ply) {
+  return VALUE_MATE - ply;
+}
+
+inline Value mated_in(int ply) {
+  return -VALUE_MATE + ply;
+}
+
+inline Piece make_piece(Color c, PieceType pt) {
+  return Piece((c << 3) | pt);
+}
+
+inline CastleRight make_castle_right(Color c, CastlingSide s) {
+  return CastleRight(WHITE_OO << ((s == QUEEN_SIDE) + 2 * c));
+}
+
+inline PieceType type_of(Piece p)  {
+  return PieceType(p & 7);
+}
+
+inline Color color_of(Piece p) {
+  assert(p != NO_PIECE);
+  return Color(p >> 3);
+}
+
+inline bool is_ok(Square s) {
+  return s >= SQ_A1 && s <= SQ_H8;
+}
+
+inline File file_of(Square s) {
+  return File(s & 7);
+}
+
+inline Rank rank_of(Square s) {
+  return Rank(s >> 3);
+}
+
+inline Square mirror(Square s) {
+  return Square(s ^ 7); // Horizontal flip SQ_A1 -> SQ_H1
+}
+
+inline Square relative_square(Color c, Square s) {
+  return Square(s ^ (c * 56));
+}
+
+inline Rank relative_rank(Color c, Rank r) {
+  return Rank(r ^ (c * 7));
+}
+
+inline Rank relative_rank(Color c, Square s) {
+  return relative_rank(c, rank_of(s));
+}
+
+inline bool opposite_colors(Square s1, Square s2) {
+  int s = int(s1) ^ int(s2);
+  return ((s >> 3) ^ s) & 1;
+}
+
+inline char file_to_char(File f, bool tolower = true) {
+  return char(f - FILE_A + (tolower ? 'a' : 'A'));
+}
+
+inline char rank_to_char(Rank r) {
+  return char(r - RANK_1 + '1');
+}
+
+inline Square pawn_push(Color c) {
+  return c == WHITE ? DELTA_N : DELTA_S;
+}
+
+inline Square from_sq(Move m) {
+  return Square((m >> 6) & 0x3F);
+}
+
+inline Square to_sq(Move m) {
+  return Square(m & 0x3F);
+}
+
+inline MoveType type_of(Move m) {
+  return MoveType(m & (3 << 14));
+}
+
+inline PieceType promotion_type(Move m) {
+  return PieceType(((m >> 12) & 3) + 2);
+}
+
+inline Move make_move(Square from, Square to) {
+  return Move(to | (from << 6));
+}
+
+template<MoveType T>
+inline Move make(Square from, Square to, PieceType pt = KNIGHT) {
+  return Move(to | (from << 6) | T | ((pt - KNIGHT) << 12));
+}
+
+inline bool is_ok(Move m) {
+  return from_sq(m) != to_sq(m); // Catches also MOVE_NULL and MOVE_NONE
+}
+
+#include <string>
+
+inline const std::string square_to_string(Square s) {
+  char ch[] = { file_to_char(file_of(s)), rank_to_char(rank_of(s)), 0 };
+  return ch;
+}
+
+#endif // #ifndef TYPES_H_INCLUDED

src/uci.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,288 +17,203 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
-#include <cassert>
+#include <iomanip>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <sstream>
 #include <string>
 
 #include "evaluate.h"
-#include "misc.h"
-#include "move.h"
-#include "movegen.h"
+#include "notation.h"
 #include "position.h"
-#include "san.h"
 #include "search.h"
+#include "thread.h"
 #include "ucioption.h"
 
 using namespace std;
 
+extern void benchmark(const Position& pos, istream& is);
 
 namespace {
 
-  // FEN string for the initial position
-  const string StartPositionFEN = "rnbqkbnr/pppppppp/8/8/8/8/PPPPPPPP/RNBQKBNR w KQkq - 0 1";
+  // FEN string of the initial position, normal chess
+  const char* StartFEN = "rnbqkbnr/pppppppp/8/8/8/8/PPPPPPPP/RNBQKBNR w KQkq - 0 1";
 
-  // UCIParser is a class for parsing UCI input. The class
-  // is actually a string stream built on a given input string.
-  typedef istringstream UCIParser;
+  // Keep track of position keys along the setup moves (from start position to the
+  // position just before to start searching). Needed by repetition draw detection.
+  Search::StateStackPtr SetupStates;
 
-  // Local functions
-  void set_option(UCIParser& uip);
-  void set_position(Position& pos, UCIParser& uip);
-  bool go(Position& pos, UCIParser& uip);
-  void perft(Position& pos, UCIParser& uip);
+  void setoption(istringstream& up);
+  void position(Position& pos, istringstream& up);
+  void go(const Position& pos, istringstream& up);
 }
 
 
-/// execute_uci_command() takes a string as input, uses a UCIParser
-/// object to parse this text string as a UCI command, and calls
-/// the appropriate functions. In addition to the UCI commands,
-/// the function also supports a few debug commands.
+/// Wait for a command from the user, parse this text string as an UCI command,
+/// and call the appropriate functions. Also intercepts EOF from stdin to ensure
+/// that we exit gracefully if the GUI dies unexpectedly. In addition to the UCI
+/// commands, the function also supports a few debug commands.
 
-bool execute_uci_command(const string& cmd) {
+void UCI::loop(const string& args) {
 
-  static Position pos(StartPositionFEN, 0); // The root position
-  UCIParser up(cmd);
-  string token;
+  Position pos(StartFEN, false, Threads.main()); // The root position
+  string token, cmd = args;
 
-  if (!(up >> token)) // operator>>() skips any whitespace
-      return true;
+  do {
+      if (args.empty() && !getline(cin, cmd)) // Block here waiting for input
+          cmd = "quit";
 
-  if (token == "quit")
-      return false;
+      istringstream is(cmd);
 
-  if (token == "go")
-      return go(pos, up);
+      is >> skipws >> token;
 
-  if (token == "uci")
-  {
-      cout << "id name " << engine_name()
-           << "\nid author Tord Romstad, Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski\n";
-      print_uci_options();
-      cout << "uciok" << endl;
-  }
-  else if (token == "ucinewgame")
-      pos.from_fen(StartPositionFEN);
+      if (token == "quit" || token == "stop" || token == "ponderhit")
+      {
+          // GUI sends 'ponderhit' to tell us to ponder on the same move the
+          // opponent has played. In case Signals.stopOnPonderhit is set we are
+          // waiting for 'ponderhit' to stop the search (for instance because we
+          // already ran out of time), otherwise we should continue searching but
+          // switching from pondering to normal search.
+          if (token != "ponderhit" || Search::Signals.stopOnPonderhit)
+          {
+              Search::Signals.stop = true;
+              Threads.main()->notify_one(); // Could be sleeping
+          }
+          else
+              Search::Limits.ponder = false;
+      }
+      else if (token == "perft" && (is >> token)) // Read perft depth
+      {
+          stringstream ss;
 
-  else if (token == "isready")
-      cout << "readyok" << endl;
+          ss << Options["Hash"]    << " "
+             << Options["Threads"] << " " << token << " current perft";
 
-  else if (token == "position")
-      set_position(pos, up);
+          benchmark(pos, ss);
+      }
+      else if (token == "key")
+          sync_cout << hex << uppercase << setfill('0')
+                    << "position key: "   << setw(16) << pos.key()
+                    << "\nmaterial key: " << setw(16) << pos.material_key()
+                    << "\npawn key:     " << setw(16) << pos.pawn_key()
+                    << dec << sync_endl;
 
-  else if (token == "setoption")
-      set_option(up);
+      else if (token == "uci")
+          sync_cout << "id name " << engine_info(true)
+                    << "\n"       << Options
+                    << "\nuciok"  << sync_endl;
 
-  // The remaining commands are for debugging purposes only
-  else if (token == "d")
-      pos.print();
+      else if (token == "eval")
+      {
+          Search::RootColor = pos.side_to_move(); // Ensure it is set
+          sync_cout << Eval::trace(pos) << sync_endl;
+      }
+      else if (token == "ucinewgame") { /* Avoid returning "Unknown command" */ }
+      else if (token == "go")         go(pos, is);
+      else if (token == "position")   position(pos, is);
+      else if (token == "setoption")  setoption(is);
+      else if (token == "flip")       pos.flip();
+      else if (token == "bench")      benchmark(pos, is);
+      else if (token == "d")          sync_cout << pos.pretty() << sync_endl;
+      else if (token == "isready")    sync_cout << "readyok" << sync_endl;
+      else
+          sync_cout << "Unknown command: " << cmd << sync_endl;
 
-  else if (token == "flip")
-  {
-      Position p(pos, pos.thread());
-      pos.flipped_copy(p);
-  }
-  else if (token == "eval")
-  {
-      Value evalMargin;
-      cout << "Incremental mg: "   << mg_value(pos.value())
-           << "\nIncremental eg: " << eg_value(pos.value())
-           << "\nFull eval: "      << evaluate(pos, evalMargin) << endl;
-  }
-  else if (token == "key")
-      cout << "key: " << hex << pos.get_key()
-           << "\nmaterial key: " << pos.get_material_key()
-           << "\npawn key: " << pos.get_pawn_key() << endl;
+  } while (token != "quit" && args.empty()); // Args have one-shot behaviour
 
-  else if (token == "perft")
-      perft(pos, up);
-
-  else
-      cout << "Unknown command: " << cmd << endl;
-
-  return true;
+  Threads.wait_for_think_finished(); // Cannot quit while search is running
 }
 
 
-////
-//// Local functions
-////
-
 namespace {
 
-  // set_position() is called when Stockfish receives the "position" UCI
-  // command. The input parameter is a UCIParser. It is assumed
-  // that this parser has consumed the first token of the UCI command
-  // ("position"), and is ready to read the second token ("startpos"
-  // or "fen", if the input is well-formed).
+  // position() is called when engine receives the "position" UCI command.
+  // The function sets up the position described in the given fen string ("fen")
+  // or the starting position ("startpos") and then makes the moves given in the
+  // following move list ("moves").
 
-  void set_position(Position& pos, UCIParser& up) {
+  void position(Position& pos, istringstream& is) {
 
-    string token;
+    Move m;
+    string token, fen;
 
-    if (!(up >> token) || (token != "startpos" && token != "fen"))
-        return;
+    is >> token;
 
     if (token == "startpos")
     {
-        pos.from_fen(StartPositionFEN);
-        if (!(up >> token))
-            return;
+        fen = StartFEN;
+        is >> token; // Consume "moves" token if any
     }
-    else // fen
-    {
-        string fen;
-        while (up >> token && token != "moves")
-        {
-            fen += token;
-            fen += ' ';
-        }
-        pos.from_fen(fen);
-    }
-
-    if (token != "moves")
+    else if (token == "fen")
+        while (is >> token && token != "moves")
+            fen += token + " ";
+    else
         return;
 
-    // Parse optional move list
-    Move move;
-    StateInfo st;
-    while (up >> token)
-    {
-        move = move_from_uci(pos, token);
-        pos.do_move(move, st);
-        if (pos.rule_50_counter() == 0)
-            pos.reset_game_ply();
+    pos.set(fen, Options["UCI_Chess960"], Threads.main());
+    SetupStates = Search::StateStackPtr(new std::stack<StateInfo>());
 
-        pos.inc_startpos_ply_counter(); //FIXME: make from_fen to support this and rule50
+    // Parse move list (if any)
+    while (is >> token && (m = move_from_uci(pos, token)) != MOVE_NONE)
+    {
+        SetupStates->push(StateInfo());
+        pos.do_move(m, SetupStates->top());
     }
-    // Our StateInfo st is about going out of scope so copy
-    // its content inside pos before it disappears.
-    pos.detach();
   }
 
 
-  // set_option() is called when Stockfish receives the "setoption" UCI
-  // command. The input parameter is a UCIParser. It is assumed
-  // that this parser has consumed the first token of the UCI command
-  // ("setoption"), and is ready to read the second token ("name", if
-  // the input is well-formed).
+  // setoption() is called when engine receives the "setoption" UCI command. The
+  // function updates the UCI option ("name") to the given value ("value").
 
-  void set_option(UCIParser& up) {
+  void setoption(istringstream& is) {
 
     string token, name, value;
 
-    if (!(up >> token) || token != "name") // operator>>() skips any whitespace
-        return;
+    is >> token; // Consume "name" token
 
-    if (!(up >> name))
-        return;
+    // Read option name (can contain spaces)
+    while (is >> token && token != "value")
+        name += string(" ", !name.empty()) + token;
 
-    // Handle names with included spaces
-    while (up >> token && token != "value")
-        name += (" " + token);
+    // Read option value (can contain spaces)
+    while (is >> token)
+        value += string(" ", !value.empty()) + token;
 
-    if (Options.find(name) == Options.end())
-    {
-        cout << "No such option: " << name << endl;
-        return;
-    }
-
-    // Is a button ?
-    if (token != "value")
-    {
-        Options[name].set_value("true");
-        return;
-    }
-
-    if (!(up >> value))
-        return;
-
-    // Handle values with included spaces
-    while (up >> token)
-        value += (" " + token);
-
-    Options[name].set_value(value);
+    if (Options.count(name))
+        Options[name] = value;
+    else
+        sync_cout << "No such option: " << name << sync_endl;
   }
 
 
-  // go() is called when Stockfish receives the "go" UCI command. The
-  // input parameter is a UCIParser. It is assumed that this
-  // parser has consumed the first token of the UCI command ("go"),
-  // and is ready to read the second token. The function sets the
-  // thinking time and other parameters from the input string, and
-  // calls think() (defined in search.cpp) with the appropriate
-  // parameters. Returns false if a quit command is received while
-  // thinking, returns true otherwise.
+  // go() is called when engine receives the "go" UCI command. The function sets
+  // the thinking time and other parameters from the input string, and starts
+  // the search.
 
-  bool go(Position& pos, UCIParser& up) {
+  void go(const Position& pos, istringstream& is) {
 
+    Search::LimitsType limits;
+    vector<Move> searchMoves;
     string token;
 
-    int time[2] = {0, 0}, inc[2] = {0, 0};
-    int movesToGo = 0, depth = 0, nodes = 0, moveTime = 0;
-    bool infinite = false, ponder = false;
-    Move searchMoves[MOVES_MAX];
-
-    searchMoves[0] = MOVE_NONE;
-
-    while (up >> token)
+    while (is >> token)
     {
-        if (token == "infinite")
-            infinite = true;
-        else if (token == "ponder")
-            ponder = true;
-        else if (token == "wtime")
-            up >> time[0];
-        else if (token == "btime")
-            up >> time[1];
-        else if (token == "winc")
-            up >> inc[0];
-        else if (token == "binc")
-            up >> inc[1];
-        else if (token == "movestogo")
-            up >> movesToGo;
-        else if (token == "depth")
-            up >> depth;
-        else if (token == "nodes")
-            up >> nodes;
-        else if (token == "movetime")
-            up >> moveTime;
-        else if (token == "searchmoves")
-        {
-            int numOfMoves = 0;
-            while (up >> token)
-                searchMoves[numOfMoves++] = move_from_uci(pos, token);
+        if (token == "searchmoves")
+            while (is >> token)
+                searchMoves.push_back(move_from_uci(pos, token));
 
-            searchMoves[numOfMoves] = MOVE_NONE;
-        }
+        else if (token == "wtime")     is >> limits.time[WHITE];
+        else if (token == "btime")     is >> limits.time[BLACK];
+        else if (token == "winc")      is >> limits.inc[WHITE];
+        else if (token == "binc")      is >> limits.inc[BLACK];
+        else if (token == "movestogo") is >> limits.movestogo;
+        else if (token == "depth")     is >> limits.depth;
+        else if (token == "nodes")     is >> limits.nodes;
+        else if (token == "movetime")  is >> limits.movetime;
+        else if (token == "mate")      is >> limits.mate;
+        else if (token == "infinite")  limits.infinite = true;
+        else if (token == "ponder")    limits.ponder = true;
     }
 
-    assert(pos.is_ok());
-
-    return think(pos, infinite, ponder, time, inc, movesToGo,
-                 depth, nodes, moveTime, searchMoves);
-  }
-
-  void perft(Position& pos, UCIParser& up) {
-
-    int depth, tm, n;
-
-    if (!(up >> depth))
-        return;
-
-    tm = get_system_time();
-
-    n = perft(pos, depth * ONE_PLY);
-
-    tm = get_system_time() - tm;
-    std::cout << "\nNodes " << n
-              << "\nTime (ms) " << tm
-              << "\nNodes/second " << int(n / (tm / 1000.0)) << std::endl;
+    Threads.start_thinking(pos, limits, searchMoves, SetupStates);
   }
 }

src/ucioption.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,162 +17,148 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-#include <cctype>
-#include <iostream>
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cassert>
+#include <cstdlib>
 #include <sstream>
 
+#include "evaluate.h"
 #include "misc.h"
 #include "thread.h"
+#include "tt.h"
 #include "ucioption.h"
 
 using std::string;
-using std::cout;
-using std::endl;
 
-OptionsMap Options; // Global object
+UCI::OptionsMap Options; // Global object
+
+namespace UCI {
+
+/// 'On change' actions, triggered by an option's value change
+void on_logger(const Option& o) { start_logger(o); }
+void on_eval(const Option&) { Eval::init(); }
+void on_threads(const Option&) { Threads.read_uci_options(); }
+void on_hash_size(const Option& o) { TT.set_size(o); }
+void on_clear_hash(const Option&) { TT.clear(); }
 
 
-// Our case insensitive less() function as required by UCI protocol
+/// Our case insensitive less() function as required by UCI protocol
+bool ci_less(char c1, char c2) { return tolower(c1) < tolower(c2); }
+
 bool CaseInsensitiveLess::operator() (const string& s1, const string& s2) const {
-
-  int c1, c2;
-  size_t i = 0;
-
-  while (i < s1.size() && i < s2.size())
-  {
-      c1 = tolower(s1[i]);
-      c2 = tolower(s2[i++]);
-
-      if (c1 != c2)
-          return c1 < c2;
-  }
-  return s1.size() < s2.size();
+  return std::lexicographical_compare(s1.begin(), s1.end(), s2.begin(), s2.end(), ci_less);
 }
 
 
-// stringify() converts a numeric value of type T to a std::string
-template<typename T>
-static string stringify(const T& v) {
+/// init() initializes the UCI options to their hard coded default values
 
-  std::ostringstream ss;
-  ss << v;
-  return ss.str();
+void init(OptionsMap& o) {
+
+  o["Write Debug Log"]             = Option(false, on_logger);
+  o["Write Search Log"]            = Option(false);
+  o["Search Log Filename"]         = Option("SearchLog.txt");
+  o["Book File"]                   = Option("book.bin");
+  o["Best Book Move"]              = Option(false);
+  o["Contempt Factor"]             = Option(0, -50,  50);
+  o["Mobility (Midgame)"]          = Option(100, 0, 200, on_eval);
+  o["Mobility (Endgame)"]          = Option(100, 0, 200, on_eval);
+  o["Pawn Structure (Midgame)"]    = Option(100, 0, 200, on_eval);
+  o["Pawn Structure (Endgame)"]    = Option(100, 0, 200, on_eval);
+  o["Passed Pawns (Midgame)"]      = Option(100, 0, 200, on_eval);
+  o["Passed Pawns (Endgame)"]      = Option(100, 0, 200, on_eval);
+  o["Space"]                       = Option(100, 0, 200, on_eval);
+  o["Aggressiveness"]              = Option(100, 0, 200, on_eval);
+  o["Cowardice"]                   = Option(100, 0, 200, on_eval);
+  o["Min Split Depth"]             = Option(0, 0, 12, on_threads);
+  o["Max Threads per Split Point"] = Option(5, 4,  8, on_threads);
+  o["Threads"]                     = Option(1, 1, MAX_THREADS, on_threads);
+  o["Idle Threads Sleep"]          = Option(false);
+  o["Hash"]                        = Option(32, 1, 8192, on_hash_size);
+  o["Clear Hash"]                  = Option(on_clear_hash);
+  o["Ponder"]                      = Option(true);
+  o["OwnBook"]                     = Option(false);
+  o["MultiPV"]                     = Option(1, 1, 500);
+  o["Skill Level"]                 = Option(20, 0, 20);
+  o["Emergency Move Horizon"]      = Option(40, 0, 50);
+  o["Emergency Base Time"]         = Option(200, 0, 30000);
+  o["Emergency Move Time"]         = Option(70, 0, 5000);
+  o["Minimum Thinking Time"]       = Option(20, 0, 5000);
+  o["Slow Mover"]                  = Option(100, 10, 1000);
+  o["UCI_Chess960"]                = Option(false);
+  o["UCI_AnalyseMode"]             = Option(false, on_eval);
 }
 
 
-/// init_uci_options() initializes the UCI options to their hard coded default
-/// values and initializes the default value of "Threads" and "Minimum Split Depth"
-/// parameters according to the number of CPU cores.
+/// operator<<() is used to print all the options default values in chronological
+/// insertion order (the idx field) and in the format defined by the UCI protocol.
 
-void init_uci_options() {
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const OptionsMap& om) {
 
-  Options["Use Search Log"] = Option(false);
-  Options["Search Log Filename"] = Option("SearchLog.txt");
-  Options["Book File"] = Option("book.bin");
-  Options["Best Book Move"] = Option(false);
-  Options["Mobility (Middle Game)"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
-  Options["Mobility (Endgame)"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
-  Options["Pawn Structure (Middle Game)"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
-  Options["Pawn Structure (Endgame)"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
-  Options["Passed Pawns (Middle Game)"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
-  Options["Passed Pawns (Endgame)"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
-  Options["Space"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
-  Options["Aggressiveness"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
-  Options["Cowardice"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
-  Options["Check Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
-  Options["Check Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(1, 0, 2);
-  Options["Single Evasion Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
-  Options["Single Evasion Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
-  Options["Mate Threat Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
-  Options["Mate Threat Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
-  Options["Pawn Push to 7th Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(1, 0, 2);
-  Options["Pawn Push to 7th Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(1, 0, 2);
-  Options["Passed Pawn Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(1, 0, 2);
-  Options["Passed Pawn Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(0, 0, 2);
-  Options["Pawn Endgame Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
-  Options["Pawn Endgame Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
-  Options["Minimum Split Depth"] = Option(4, 4, 7);
-  Options["Maximum Number of Threads per Split Point"] = Option(5, 4, 8);
-  Options["Threads"] = Option(1, 1, MAX_THREADS);
-  Options["Use Sleeping Threads"] = Option(false);
-  Options["Hash"] = Option(32, 4, 8192);
-  Options["Clear Hash"] = Option(false, "button");
-  Options["Ponder"] = Option(true);
-  Options["OwnBook"] = Option(true);
-  Options["MultiPV"] = Option(1, 1, 500);
-  Options["Emergency Move Horizon"] = Option(40, 0, 50);
-  Options["Emergency Base Time"] = Option(200, 0, 60000);
-  Options["Emergency Move Time"] = Option(70, 0, 5000);
-  Options["Minimum Thinking Time"] = Option(20, 0, 5000);
-  Options["UCI_Chess960"] = Option(false); // Just a dummy but needed by GUIs
-  Options["UCI_AnalyseMode"] = Option(false);
-
-  // Set some SMP parameters accordingly to the detected CPU count
-  Option& thr = Options["Threads"];
-  Option& msd = Options["Minimum Split Depth"];
-
-  thr.defaultValue = thr.currentValue = stringify(cpu_count());
-
-  if (cpu_count() >= 8)
-      msd.defaultValue = msd.currentValue = stringify(7);
-}
-
-
-/// print_uci_options() prints all the UCI options to the standard output,
-/// in chronological insertion order (the idx field) and in the format
-/// defined by the UCI protocol.
-
-void print_uci_options() {
-
-  for (size_t i = 0; i <= Options.size(); i++)
-      for (OptionsMap::const_iterator it = Options.begin(); it != Options.end(); ++it)
-          if (it->second.idx == i)
+  for (size_t idx = 0; idx < om.size(); idx++)
+      for (OptionsMap::const_iterator it = om.begin(); it != om.end(); ++it)
+          if (it->second.idx == idx)
           {
               const Option& o = it->second;
-              cout << "\noption name " << it->first << " type " << o.type;
+              os << "\noption name " << it->first << " type " << o.type;
 
               if (o.type != "button")
-                  cout << " default " << o.defaultValue;
+                  os << " default " << o.defaultValue;
 
               if (o.type == "spin")
-                  cout << " min " << o.minValue << " max " << o.maxValue;
+                  os << " min " << o.min << " max " << o.max;
 
               break;
           }
-  cout << endl;
+  return os;
 }
 
 
-/// Option class c'tors
+/// Option c'tors and conversion operators
 
-Option::Option(const char* def) : type("string"), idx(Options.size()), minValue(0), maxValue(0)
-{ defaultValue = currentValue = def; }
+Option::Option(const char* v, Fn* f) : type("string"), min(0), max(0), idx(Options.size()), on_change(f)
+{ defaultValue = currentValue = v; }
 
-Option::Option(bool def, string t) : type(t), idx(Options.size()), minValue(0), maxValue(0)
-{ defaultValue = currentValue = (def ? "true" : "false"); }
+Option::Option(bool v, Fn* f) : type("check"), min(0), max(0), idx(Options.size()), on_change(f)
+{ defaultValue = currentValue = (v ? "true" : "false"); }
 
-Option::Option(int def, int minv, int maxv) : type("spin"), idx(Options.size()), minValue(minv), maxValue(maxv)
-{ defaultValue = currentValue = stringify(def); }
+Option::Option(Fn* f) : type("button"), min(0), max(0), idx(Options.size()), on_change(f)
+{}
+
+Option::Option(int v, int minv, int maxv, Fn* f) : type("spin"), min(minv), max(maxv), idx(Options.size()), on_change(f)
+{ std::ostringstream ss; ss << v; defaultValue = currentValue = ss.str(); }
 
 
-/// set_value() updates currentValue of the Option object. Normally it's up to
-/// the GUI to check for option's limits, but we could receive the new value
-/// directly from the user by teminal window. So let's check the bounds anyway.
+Option::operator int() const {
+  assert(type == "check" || type == "spin");
+  return (type == "spin" ? atoi(currentValue.c_str()) : currentValue == "true");
+}
 
-void Option::set_value(const string& value) {
+Option::operator std::string() const {
+  assert(type == "string");
+  return currentValue;
+}
+
+
+/// operator=() updates currentValue and triggers on_change() action. It's up to
+/// the GUI to check for option's limits, but we could receive the new value from
+/// the user by console window, so let's check the bounds anyway.
+
+Option& Option::operator=(const string& v) {
 
   assert(!type.empty());
 
-  if (    (type == "check" || type == "button")
-      && !(value == "true" || value == "false"))
-      return;
+  if (   (type != "button" && v.empty())
+      || (type == "check" && v != "true" && v != "false")
+      || (type == "spin" && (atoi(v.c_str()) < min || atoi(v.c_str()) > max)))
+      return *this;
 
-  if (type == "spin")
-  {
-      int v = atoi(value.c_str());
-      if (v < minValue || v > maxValue)
-          return;
-  }
+  if (type != "button")
+      currentValue = v;
 
-  currentValue = value;
+  if (on_change)
+      (*on_change)(*this);
+
+  return *this;
 }
+
+} // namespace UCI

src/ucioption.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2013 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,64 +17,53 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-#if !defined(UCIOPTION_H_INCLUDED)
+#ifndef UCIOPTION_H_INCLUDED
 #define UCIOPTION_H_INCLUDED
 
-#include <cassert>
-#include <cstdlib>
 #include <map>
 #include <string>
 
-class Option {
-public:
-  Option() {} // To allow insertion in a std::map
-  Option(const char* defaultValue);
-  Option(bool defaultValue, std::string type = "check");
-  Option(int defaultValue, int minValue, int maxValue);
+namespace UCI {
 
-  void set_value(const std::string& value);
-  template<typename T> T value() const;
+class Option;
 
-private:
-  friend void init_uci_options();
-  friend void print_uci_options();
-
-  std::string defaultValue, currentValue, type;
-  size_t idx;
-  int minValue, maxValue;
-};
-
-template<typename T>
-inline T Option::value() const {
-
-  assert(type == "spin");
-  return T(atoi(currentValue.c_str()));
-}
-
-template<>
-inline std::string Option::value<std::string>() const {
-
-  assert(type == "string");
-  return currentValue;
-}
-
-template<>
-inline bool Option::value<bool>() const {
-
-  assert(type == "check" || type == "button");
-  return currentValue == "true";
-}
-
-
-// Custom comparator because UCI options should not be case sensitive
+/// Custom comparator because UCI options should be case insensitive
 struct CaseInsensitiveLess {
   bool operator() (const std::string&, const std::string&) const;
 };
 
+/// Our options container is actually a std::map
 typedef std::map<std::string, Option, CaseInsensitiveLess> OptionsMap;
 
-extern OptionsMap Options;
-extern void init_uci_options();
-extern void print_uci_options();
+/// Option class implements an option as defined by UCI protocol
+class Option {
 
-#endif // !defined(UCIOPTION_H_INCLUDED)
+  typedef void (Fn)(const Option&);
+
+public:
+  Option(Fn* = NULL);
+  Option(bool v, Fn* = NULL);
+  Option(const char* v, Fn* = NULL);
+  Option(int v, int min, int max, Fn* = NULL);
+
+  Option& operator=(const std::string& v);
+  operator int() const;
+  operator std::string() const;
+
+private:
+  friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream&, const OptionsMap&);
+
+  std::string defaultValue, currentValue, type;
+  int min, max;
+  size_t idx;
+  Fn* on_change;
+};
+
+void init(OptionsMap&);
+void loop(const std::string&);
+
+} // namespace UCI
+
+extern UCI::OptionsMap Options;
+
+#endif // #ifndef UCIOPTION_H_INCLUDED

src/value.h

@@ -1,111 +0,0 @@
-/*
-  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
-  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
-
-  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-  (at your option) any later version.
-
-  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-  GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-*/
-
-
-#if !defined(VALUE_H_INCLUDED)
-#define VALUE_H_INCLUDED
-
-////
-//// Types
-////
-
-enum ValueType {
-  VALUE_TYPE_NONE  = 0,
-  VALUE_TYPE_UPPER = 1,  // Upper bound
-  VALUE_TYPE_LOWER = 2,  // Lower bound
-  VALUE_TYPE_EXACT = VALUE_TYPE_UPPER | VALUE_TYPE_LOWER
-};
-
-
-enum Value {
-  VALUE_ZERO      = 0,
-  VALUE_DRAW      = 0,
-  VALUE_KNOWN_WIN = 15000,
-  VALUE_MATE      = 30000,
-  VALUE_INFINITE  = 30001,
-  VALUE_NONE      = 30002,
-  VALUE_ENSURE_SIGNED = -1
-};
-
-ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(Value);
-
-
-enum ScaleFactor {
-  SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO   = 0,
-  SCALE_FACTOR_NORMAL = 64,
-  SCALE_FACTOR_MAX    = 128,
-  SCALE_FACTOR_NONE   = 255
-};
-
-
-/// Score enum keeps a midgame and an endgame value in a single
-/// integer (enum), first LSB 16 bits are used to store endgame
-/// value, while upper bits are used for midgame value.
-
-// Compiler is free to choose the enum type as long as can keep
-// its data, so ensure Score to be an integer type.
-enum Score {
-    SCORE_ZERO = 0,
-    SCORE_ENSURE_32_BITS_SIZE_P =  (1 << 16),
-    SCORE_ENSURE_32_BITS_SIZE_N = -(1 << 16)
-};
-
-ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(Score);
-
-
-// Extracting the _signed_ lower and upper 16 bits it not so trivial
-// because according to the standard a simple cast to short is
-// implementation defined and so is a right shift of a signed integer.
-inline Value mg_value(Score s) { return Value(((int(s) + 32768) & ~0xffff) / 0x10000); }
-
-// Unfortunatly on Intel 64 bit we have a small speed regression, so use a faster code in
-// this case, although not 100% standard compliant it seems to work for Intel and MSVC.
-#if defined(IS_64BIT) && (!defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__INTEL_COMPILER))
-inline Value eg_value(Score s) { return Value(int16_t(s & 0xffff)); }
-#else
-inline Value eg_value(Score s) { return Value((int)(unsigned(s) & 0x7fffu) - (int)(unsigned(s) & 0x8000u)); }
-#endif
-
-inline Score make_score(int mg, int eg) { return Score((mg << 16) + eg); }
-
-// Division must be handled separately for each term
-inline Score operator/(Score s, int i) { return make_score(mg_value(s) / i, eg_value(s) / i); }
-
-// Only declared but not defined. We don't want to multiply two scores due to
-// a very high risk of overflow. So user should explicitly convert to integer.
-inline Score operator*(Score s1, Score s2);
-
-
-////
-//// Inline functions
-////
-
-inline Value operator+ (Value v, int i) { return Value(int(v) + i); }
-inline Value operator- (Value v, int i) { return Value(int(v) - i); }
-
-
-inline Value value_mate_in(int ply) {
-  return VALUE_MATE - ply;
-}
-
-inline Value value_mated_in(int ply) {
-  return -VALUE_MATE + ply;
-}
-
-#endif // !defined(VALUE_H_INCLUDED)