Stockfish 1.5.1

Signed-off-by: Marco Costalba <mcostalba@gmail.com>

Readme.txt

@@ -14,7 +14,9 @@ number of CPUs on your computer and set the number of search threads
 accordingly, but please be aware that the detection is not always
 correct.  It is therefore recommended to inspect the value of the
 "Threads" UCI parameter, and to make sure it equals the number of CPU
-cores on your computer.
+cores on your computer. If you are using more than four threads, it
+is recommended to raise the value of "Minimum Split Depth" UCI parameter
+to 6.
 
 
 2. Files
@@ -45,7 +47,6 @@ PolyGlot documentation.  The book file can be selected by setting the
 UCI parameter "Book File".
 
 
-
 4. Compiling it yourself
 ------------------------
 
@@ -54,27 +55,18 @@ Stockfish directly from the source code with the included Makefile.
 The exception is computer with big-endian CPUs, like PowerPC
 Macintoshes. Some of the bitboard routines in the current version of
 Stockfish are endianness-sensitive, and won't work on a big-endian CPU.
-Ensuring that the line with #define USE_32BIT_ATTACKS" near the top
-of bitboard.h is commented out should solve this problem.
-Commenting out the line with "#define USE_32BIT_ATTACKS" near the
 
-There is also a problem with compiling Stockfish on certain 64-bit
-systems, regardless of the endianness.  If Stockfish segfaults
-immediately after startup, try to comment out the line with
-"#define USE_FOLDED_BITSCAN" near the beginning of bitboard.h and
-recompile.
+Stockfish has POPCNT instruction runtime detection and support. This can
+give an extra speed on Core i7 or similar systems. To enable this feature
+(disabled by default) simply uncomment #define USE_POPCNT in bitcount.h
+before to compile.
 
-Finally, even if Stockfish does work without any changes on your
-computer, it might be possible to improve the performance by changing
-some of the #define directives in bitboard.h.  The default settings
-are optimized for 64-bit CPUs.  On 32-bit CPUs, it is probably better
-to switch on USE_32BIT_ATTACKS, and to use BITCOUNT_SWAR_32 instead of
-BITCOUNT_SWAR_64.  For computers with very little memory (like
-handheld devices), it is possible to conserve memory by defining
-USE_COMPACT_ROOK_ATTACKS.
+On 64 bit Unix-like systems the 'bsfq' assembly instruction will be used
+for bit counting. Detection is automatic at compile time, but in case you
+experience compile problems you can comment out #define USE_BSFQ line in types.h
 
 
-6. Terms of use
+5. Terms of use
 ---------------
 
 Stockfish is free, and distributed under the GNU General Public License
@@ -93,7 +85,7 @@ For full details, read the copy of the GPL found in the file named
 Copying.txt.
 
 
-7. Feedback
+6. Feedback
 -----------
 
 The author's e-mail address is mcostalba@gmail.com

polyglot.ini

@@ -2,13 +2,13 @@
 [PolyGlot]
 
 EngineDir = .
-EngineCommand = ./glaurung
+EngineCommand = ./stockfish
 
 Book = false
 BookFile = book.bin
 
 Log = true
-LogFile = glaurung.log
+LogFile = stockfish.log
 
 Resign = true
 ResignScore = 600
@@ -34,8 +34,7 @@ King Safety Coefficient = 40
 King Safety X Intercept = 0
 King Safety Max Slope = 30
 King Safety Max Value = 500
-Queen Contact Check Bonus = 4
-Rook Contact Check Bonus = 2
+Queen Contact Check Bonus = 3
 Queen Check Bonus = 2
 Rook Check Bonus = 1
 Bishop Check Bonus = 1
@@ -57,14 +56,8 @@ Pawn Endgame Extension (non-PV nodes) = 2
 Full Depth Moves (PV nodes) = 14
 Full Depth Moves (non-PV nodes) = 3
 Threat Depth = 5
-Selective Plies = 7
 Futility Pruning (Main Search) = true
 Futility Pruning (Quiescence Search) = true
-Futility Margin 0 = 50
-Futility Margin 1 = 100
-Futility Margin 2 = 300
-Maximum Razoring Depth = 3
-Razoring Margin = 300
 Randomness = 0
 Minimum Split Depth = 4
 Maximum Number of Threads per Split Point = 5

src/Makefile

@@ -18,133 +18,246 @@
 # along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
 
-###
-### Files
-###
-
+### Executable name. Do not change
 EXE = stockfish
 
-OBJS = bitboard.o color.o pawns.o material.o endgame.o evaluate.o main.o \
+
+### ==========================================================================
+### Compiler speed switches for both GCC and ICC. These settings are generally
+### fast on a broad range of systems, but may be changed experimentally
+### ==========================================================================
+GCCFLAGS = -O3 -msse
+ICCFLAGS = -fast -msse
+ICCFLAGS-OSX = -fast -mdynamic-no-pic
+
+
+### ==========================================================================
+### Enable/disable debugging, disabled by default
+### ==========================================================================
+GCCFLAGS += -DNDEBUG
+ICCFLAGS += -DNDEBUG
+ICCFLAGS-OSX += -DNDEBUG
+
+
+### ==========================================================================
+### Run built-in benchmark for pgo-builds with:  32MB hash  1 thread  10 depth
+### These settings are generally fast, but may be changed experimentally
+### ==========================================================================
+PGOBENCH = ./$(EXE) bench 32 1 10 default depth
+
+
+### General compiler settings. Do not change
+GCCFLAGS += -g -Wall -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti -fno-strict-aliasing
+ICCFLAGS += -g -Wall -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti -fno-strict-aliasing -wd383,869,981,10187,10188,11505,11503
+ICCFLAGS-OSX += -g -Wall -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti -fno-strict-aliasing -wd383,869,981,10187,10188,11505,11503
+
+
+### General linker settings. Do not change
+LDFLAGS  = -lpthread
+
+
+### Object files. Do not change
+OBJS = application.o bitboard.o pawns.o material.o endgame.o evaluate.o main.o \
 	misc.o move.o movegen.o history.o movepick.o search.o piece.o \
-	position.o square.o direction.o tt.o value.o uci.o ucioption.o \
+	position.o direction.o tt.o value.o uci.o ucioption.o \
 	mersenne.o book.o bitbase.o san.o benchmark.o
 
 
-###
-### Rules
-###
+### General rules. Do not change
+default:
+	$(MAKE) gcc
+
+help:
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Makefile options:"
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "make                >  Default: Compiler = g++"
+	@echo "make icc            >  Compiler = icpc"
+	@echo "make icc-profile    >  Compiler = icpc + automatic pgo-build"
+	@echo "make osx-ppc32      >  PPC-Mac OS X 32 bit. Compiler = g++"
+	@echo "make osx-ppc64      >  PPC-Mac OS X 64 bit. Compiler = g++"
+	@echo "make osx-x86        >  x86-Mac OS X 32 bit. Compiler = g++"
+	@echo "make osx-x86_64     >  x86-Mac OS X 64 bit. Compiler = g++"
+	@echo "make osx-icc32      >  x86-Mac OS X 32 bit. Compiler = icpc"
+	@echo "make osx-icc64      >  x86-Mac OS X 64 bit. Compiler = icpc"
+	@echo "make osx-icc32-profile > OSX 32 bit. Compiler = icpc + automatic pgo-build"
+	@echo "make osx-icc64-profile > OSX 64 bit. Compiler = icpc + automatic pgo-build"
+	@echo "make strip          >  Strip executable"
+	@echo "make clean          >  Clean up"
+	@echo ""
 
 all: $(EXE) .depend
 
 clean:
-	$(RM) *.o .depend glaurung
+	$(RM) *.o .depend *~ $(EXE)
 
 
-###
-### Compiler:
-###
+### Possible targets. You may add your own ones here
+gcc:
+	$(MAKE) \
+	CXX='g++' \
+	CXXFLAGS="$(GCCFLAGS)" \
+	all
 
-# CXX = g++
-# CXX = g++-4.2
-CXX = icpc
+icc:
+	$(MAKE) \
+	CXX='icpc' \
+	CXXFLAGS="$(ICCFLAGS)" \
+	all
+
+icc-profile-make:
+	$(MAKE) \
+	CXX='icpc' \
+	CXXFLAGS="$(ICCFLAGS)" \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-prof-gen=srcpos -prof_dir ./profdir' \
+	all
+
+icc-profile-use:
+	$(MAKE) \
+	CXX='icpc' \
+	CXXFLAGS="$(ICCFLAGS)" \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-prof_use -prof_dir ./profdir' \
+	all
+
+icc-profile:
+	@rm -rf profdir
+	@mkdir profdir
+	@touch *.cpp *.h
+	$(MAKE) icc-profile-make
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Running benchmark for pgo-build ..."
+	@$(PGOBENCH) > /dev/null
+	@echo "Benchmark finished. Build final executable now ..."
+	@echo ""
+	@touch *.cpp *.h
+	$(MAKE) icc-profile-use
+	@rm -rf profdir bench.txt
+
+osx-ppc32:
+	$(MAKE) \
+	CXX='g++' \
+	CXXFLAGS="$(GCCFLAGS)" \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-arch ppc' \
+	LDFLAGS+='-arch ppc' \
+	all
+
+osx-ppc64:
+	$(MAKE) \
+	CXX='g++' \
+	CXXFLAGS="$(GCCFLAGS)" \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-arch ppc64' \
+	LDFLAGS+='-arch ppc64' \
+	all
+
+osx-x86:
+	$(MAKE) \
+	CXX='g++' \
+	CXXFLAGS="$(GCCFLAGS)" \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-arch i386' \
+	LDFLAGS+='-arch i386' \
+	all
+
+osx-x86_64:
+	$(MAKE) \
+	CXX='g++' \
+	CXXFLAGS="$(GCCFLAGS)" \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-arch x86_64' \
+	LDFLAGS+='-arch x86_64' \
+	all
+	
+osx-icc32:
+	$(MAKE) \
+	CXX='icpc' \
+	CXXFLAGS="$(ICCFLAGS-OSX)" \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-arch i386' \
+	LDFLAGS+='-arch i386' \
+	all
+
+osx-icc64:
+	$(MAKE) \
+	CXX='icpc' \
+	CXXFLAGS="$(ICCFLAGS-OSX)" \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-arch x86_64' \
+	LDFLAGS+='-arch x86_64' \
+	all
+
+osx-icc32-profile-make:
+	$(MAKE) \
+	CXX='icpc' \
+	CXXFLAGS="$(ICCFLAGS-OSX)" \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-arch i386' \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-prof_gen -prof_dir ./profdir' \
+	LDFLAGS+='-arch i386' \
+	all
+
+osx-icc32-profile-use:
+	$(MAKE) \
+	CXX='icpc' \
+	CXXFLAGS="$(ICCFLAGS-OSX)" \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-arch i386' \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-prof_use -prof_dir ./profdir' \
+	LDFLAGS+='-arch i386' \
+	all
+
+osx-icc32-profile:
+	@rm -rf profdir
+	@mkdir profdir
+	@touch *.cpp *.h
+	$(MAKE) osx-icc32-profile-make
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Running benchmark for pgo-build ..."
+	@$(PGOBENCH) > /dev/null
+	@echo "Benchmark finished. Build final executable now ..."
+	@echo ""
+	@touch *.cpp *.h
+	$(MAKE) osx-icc32-profile-use
+	@rm -rf profdir bench.txt
+
+osx-icc64-profile-make:
+	$(MAKE) \
+	CXX='icpc' \
+	CXXFLAGS="$(ICCFLAGS-OSX)" \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-arch x86_64' \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-prof_gen -prof_dir ./profdir' \
+	LDFLAGS+='-arch x86_64' \
+	all
+
+osx-icc64-profile-use:
+	$(MAKE) \
+	CXX='icpc' \
+	CXXFLAGS="$(ICCFLAGS-OSX)" \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-arch x86_64' \
+	CXXFLAGS+='-prof_use -prof_dir ./profdir' \
+	LDFLAGS+='-arch x86_64' \
+	all
+
+osx-icc64-profile:
+	@rm -rf profdir
+	@mkdir profdir
+	@touch *.cpp *.h
+	$(MAKE) osx-icc64-profile-make
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Running benchmark for pgo-build ..."
+	@$(PGOBENCH) > /dev/null
+	@echo "Benchmark finished. Build final executable now ..."
+	@echo ""
+	@touch *.cpp *.h
+	$(MAKE) osx-icc64-profile-use
+	@rm -rf profdir bench.txt
 
 
-###
-### Dependencies
-###
 
+strip:
+	strip $(EXE)
+
+
+### Compilation. Do not change
 $(EXE): $(OBJS)
 	$(CXX) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $(OBJS)
 
+
+### Dependencies. Do not change
 .depend:
-	$(CXX) -MM $(OBJS:.o=.cpp) > $@
+	$(CXX) -msse -MM $(OBJS:.o=.cpp) > $@
 
 include .depend
-
-
-###
-### Compiler and linker switches
-###
-
-# Enable/disable debugging:
-
-CXXFLAGS += -DNDEBUG
-
-
-# Compile with full warnings, and symbol names
-
-CXXFLAGS += -Wall -g
-
-
-# General optimization flags.  Note that -O2 might be faster than -O3 on some
-# systems; this requires testing.
-
-CXXFLAGS += -O3 -fno-exceptions -fomit-frame-pointer -fno-rtti -fno-strict-aliasing
-
-# Disable most annoying warnings for the Intel C++ compiler
-
-CXXFLAGS += -wd383,869,981
-
-
-# Compiler optimization flags for the Intel C++ compiler in Mac OS X:
-
-# CXXFLAGS += -mdynamic-no-pic -no-prec-div -ipo -static -xP
-
-
-# Profiler guided optimization with the Intel C++ compiler.  To use it, first
-# create the directory ./profdata if it does not already exist, and delete its
-# contents if it does exist.  Then compile with -prof_gen, and run the
-# resulting binary for a while (for instance, do ./glaurung bench 128 1, and
-# wait 15 minutes for the benchmark to complete).  Then do a 'make clean', and
-# recompile with -prof_use.
-
-# CXXFLAGS += -prof_gen -prof_dir profdata
-# CXXFLAGS += -prof_use -prof_dir ./profdata
-
-
-# Profiler guided optimization with GCC.  I've never been able to make this
-# work.
-
-# CXXFLAGS += -fprofile-generate
-# LDFLAGS += -fprofile-generate
-# CXXFLAGS += -fprofile-use
-# CXXFLAGS += -fprofile-use
-
-
-# General linker flags
-
-LDFLAGS += -lm -lpthread
-
-
-# Compiler switches for generating binaries for various CPUs in Mac OS X.
-# Note that 'arch ppc' and 'arch ppc64' only works with g++, and not with
-# the intel compiler.
-
-# CXXFLAGS += -arch ppc
-# CXXFLAGS += -arch ppc64
-# CXXFLAGS += -arch i386
-# CXXFLAGS += -arch x86_64
-# LDFLAGS += -arch ppc
-# LDFLAGS += -arch ppc64
-# LDFLAGS += -arch i386
-# LDFLAGS += -arch x86_64
-
-
-# Backwards compatibility with Mac OS X 10.4 when compiling under 10.5 with
-# GCC 4.0.  I haven't found a way to make it work with GCC 4.2.
-
-# CXXFLAGS += -isysroot /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.4u.sdk
-# CXXFLAGS += -mmacosx-version-min=10.4
-# LDFLAGS += -isysroot /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.4u.sdk
-# LDFLAGS += -Wl,-syslibroot /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.4u.sdk
-# LDFLAGS += -mmacosx-version-min=10.4
-
-
-# Backwards compatibility with Mac OS X 10.4 when compiling with ICC.  Doesn't
-# work yet. :-(
-
-# CXXFLAGS += -DMAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED=1040
-# CXXFLAGS += -DMAC_OS_X_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED=1040
-# CXXFLAGS += -D__ENVIRONMENT_MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED__=1040
-# CXXFLAGS += -F/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.4u.sdk/
-# LDFLAGS += -Wl,-syslibroot -Wl,/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.4u.sdk

src/application.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+/*
+  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
+  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+
+  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+  GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
+#include "bitboard.h"
+#include "direction.h"
+#include "endgame.h"
+#include "evaluate.h"
+#include "material.h"
+#include "mersenne.h"
+#include "misc.h"
+#include "movepick.h"
+#include "position.h"
+#include "search.h"
+#include "thread.h"
+#include "ucioption.h"
+
+
+/// Application class is in charge of initializing global resources
+/// at startup and cleanly releases them when program terminates.
+
+Application::Application() {
+
+    init_mersenne();
+    init_direction_table();
+    init_bitboards();
+    init_uci_options();
+    Position::init_zobrist();
+    Position::init_piece_square_tables();
+    init_eval(1);
+    init_bitbases();
+    init_threads();
+
+    // Make random number generation less deterministic, for book moves
+    for (int i = abs(get_system_time() % 10000); i > 0; i--)
+        genrand_int32();
+}
+
+Application::~Application() {
+
+  stop_threads();
+  quit_eval();
+}
+
+void Application::initialize() {
+
+  // A static Application object is allocated
+  // once only when this function is called.
+  static Application singleton;
+}
+
+void Application::exit_with_failure() {
+
+  exit(EXIT_FAILURE); // d'tor will be called automatically
+}

src/application.h

@@ -1,34 +1,39 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
 
-#if !defined(PHASE_H_INCLUDED)
-#define PHASE_H_INCLUDED
+#if !defined(APPLICATION_H_INCLUDED)
+#define APPLICATION_H_INCLUDED
 
-////
-//// Types
-////
 
-enum Phase {
-  PHASE_ENDGAME = 0,
-  PHASE_MIDGAME = 128
+/// Singleton class used to housekeep memory and global resources
+/// so to be sure we always leave in a clean state.
+
+class Application {
+
+  Application();
+  Application(const Application&);
+ ~Application();
+
+public:
+  static void initialize();
+  static void exit_with_failure();
 };
 
-
-#endif // !defined(PHASE_H_INCLUDED)
+#endif // !defined(APPLICATION_H_INCLUDED)

src/benchmark.cpp

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
@@ -30,12 +30,13 @@
 #include "thread.h"
 #include "ucioption.h"
 
+using namespace std;
 
 ////
 //// Variables
 ////
 
-const std::string BenchmarkPositions[] = {
+const string BenchmarkPositions[] = {
   "rnbqkbnr/pppppppp/8/8/8/8/PPPPPPPP/RNBQKBNR w KQkq - 0 1",
   "r4rk1/1b2qppp/p1n1p3/1p6/1b1PN3/3BRN2/PP3PPP/R2Q2K1 b - - 7 16",
   "4r1k1/ppq3pp/3b4/2pP4/2Q1p3/4B1P1/PP5P/R5K1 b - - 0 20",
@@ -53,7 +54,7 @@ const std::string BenchmarkPositions[] = {
   "4k2r/1pb2ppp/1p2p3/1R1p4/3P4/2r1PN2/P4PPP/1R4K1 b  - 3 22",
   "3q2k1/pb3p1p/4pbp1/2r5/PpN2N2/1P2P2P/5PP1/Q2R2K1 b - - 4 26"
 };
-  
+
 
 ////
 //// Functions
@@ -67,66 +68,112 @@ const std::string BenchmarkPositions[] = {
 /// format (default are the BenchmarkPositions defined above).
 /// The analysis is written to a file named bench.txt.
 
-void benchmark(const std::string& commandLine) {
+void benchmark(const string& commandLine) {
 
-  std::istringstream csVal(commandLine);
-  std::istringstream csStr(commandLine);
-  std::string ttSize, threads, fileName;
-  int val, secsPerPos;
+  istringstream csVal(commandLine);
+  istringstream csStr(commandLine);
+  string ttSize, threads, fileName, limitType, timFile;
+  int val, secsPerPos, maxDepth, maxNodes;
 
   csStr >> ttSize;
   csVal >> val;
   if (val < 4 || val > 1024)
   {
-      std::cerr << "The hash table size must be between 4 and 1024" << std::endl;
-      exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+      cerr << "The hash table size must be between 4 and 1024" << endl;
+      Application::exit_with_failure();
   }
   csStr >> threads;
   csVal >> val;
   if (val < 1 || val > THREAD_MAX)
   {
-      std::cerr << "The number of threads must be between 1 and " << THREAD_MAX
-                << std::endl;
-      exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-  }  
+      cerr << "The number of threads must be between 1 and " << THREAD_MAX << endl;
+      Application::exit_with_failure();
+  }
   set_option_value("Hash", ttSize);
   set_option_value("Threads", threads);
   set_option_value("OwnBook", "false");
   set_option_value("Use Search Log", "true");
   set_option_value("Search Log Filename", "bench.txt");
 
-  csVal >> secsPerPos;
+  csVal >> val;
   csVal >> fileName;
+  csVal >> limitType;
+  csVal >> timFile;
+
+  secsPerPos = maxDepth = maxNodes = 0;
+
+  if (limitType == "time")
+      secsPerPos = val * 1000;
+  else if (limitType == "depth")
+      maxDepth = val;
+  else
+      maxNodes = val;
+
+  vector<string> positions;
 
-  std::vector<std::string> positions;
-  
   if (fileName != "default")
   {
-      std::ifstream fenFile(fileName.c_str());
+      ifstream fenFile(fileName.c_str());
       if (!fenFile.is_open())
       {
-          std::cerr << "Unable to open positions file " << fileName
-                    << std::endl;
-          exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-      }        
-      std::string pos;
+          cerr << "Unable to open positions file " << fileName << endl;
+          Application::exit_with_failure();
+      }
+      string pos;
       while (fenFile.good())
       {
-          std::getline(fenFile, pos);
+          getline(fenFile, pos);
           if (!pos.empty())
               positions.push_back(pos);
       }
       fenFile.close();
   } else
       for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++)
-          positions.push_back(std::string(BenchmarkPositions[i]));
+          positions.push_back(string(BenchmarkPositions[i]));
 
-  std::vector<std::string>::iterator it;
-  for (it = positions.begin(); it != positions.end(); ++it)
+  ofstream timingFile;
+  if (!timFile.empty())
   {
-      Move moves[1] = {MOVE_NONE};
-      int dummy[2] = {0, 0};
-      Position pos(*it);
-      think(pos, true, false, 0, dummy, dummy, 0, 0, 0, secsPerPos * 1000, moves);
+      timingFile.open(timFile.c_str(), ios::out | ios::app);
+      if (!timingFile.is_open())
+      {
+          cerr << "Unable to open timing file " << timFile << endl;
+          Application::exit_with_failure();
+      }
   }
+
+  vector<string>::iterator it;
+  int cnt = 1;
+  int64_t totalNodes = 0;
+  int startTime = get_system_time();
+
+  for (it = positions.begin(); it != positions.end(); ++it, ++cnt)
+  {
+      Move moves[1] = {MOVE_NONE};
+      int dummy[2] = {0, 0};
+      Position pos(*it);
+      cerr << "\nBench position: " << cnt << '/' << positions.size() << endl << endl;
+      if (!think(pos, true, false, 0, dummy, dummy, 0, maxDepth, maxNodes, secsPerPos, moves))
+          break;
+      totalNodes += nodes_searched();
+  }
+
+  cnt = get_system_time() - startTime;
+  cerr << "==============================="
+       << "\nTotal time (ms) : " << cnt
+       << "\nNodes searched  : " << totalNodes
+       << "\nNodes/second    : " << (int)(totalNodes/(cnt/1000.0)) << endl << endl;
+
+  if (!timFile.empty())
+  {
+      timingFile << cnt << endl << endl;
+      timingFile.close();
+  }
+
+  // Under MS Visual C++ debug window always unconditionally closes
+  // when program exits, this is bad because we want to read results before.
+  #if (defined(WINDOWS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(WIN64))
+  cerr << "Press any key to exit" << endl;
+  cin >> fileName;
+  #endif
 }

src/benchmark.h

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */

src/bitbase.cpp

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
@@ -53,11 +53,11 @@ namespace {
     Bitboard wk_attacks() const;
     Bitboard bk_attacks() const;
     Bitboard pawn_attacks() const;
-    
+
     Square whiteKingSquare, blackKingSquare, pawnSquare;
     Color sideToMove;
   };
-    
+
 
   Result *Bitbase;
   const int IndexMax = 2*24*64*64;
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ namespace {
   Result classify_btm(const KPKPosition &p);
   int compute_index(Square wksq, Square bksq, Square psq, Color stm);
   int compress_result(Result r);
-  
+
 }
 
 
@@ -89,7 +89,8 @@ void generate_kpk_bitbase(uint8_t bitbase[]) {
   int i, j, b;
   for(i = 0; i < 24576; i++) {
     for(b = 0, j = 0; j < 8; b |= (compress_result(Bitbase[8*i+j]) << j), j++);
-    bitbase[i] = b;
+    assert(b == int(uint8_t(b)));
+    bitbase[i] = (uint8_t)b;
   }
 
   // Release allocated memory:
@@ -113,7 +114,7 @@ namespace {
     return compute_index(whiteKingSquare, blackKingSquare, pawnSquare,
                          sideToMove);
   }
-    
+
 
   bool KPKPosition::is_legal() const {
     if(whiteKingSquare == pawnSquare || whiteKingSquare == blackKingSquare ||
@@ -137,7 +138,7 @@ namespace {
     if(sideToMove == BLACK) {
       Bitboard wka = this->wk_attacks();
       Bitboard bka = this->bk_attacks();
-    
+
       // Case 1: Stalemate
       if((bka & ~(wka | this->pawn_attacks())) == EmptyBoardBB)
         return true;
@@ -166,7 +167,7 @@ namespace {
       (square_distance(blackKingSquare, pawnSquare+DELTA_N) > 1 ||
        bit_is_set(this->wk_attacks(), pawnSquare+DELTA_N));
   }
-    
+
 
   Bitboard KPKPosition::wk_attacks() const {
     return StepAttackBB[WK][whiteKingSquare];
@@ -204,7 +205,7 @@ namespace {
   bool next_iteration() {
     KPKPosition p;
     int previousUnknownCount = UnknownCount;
-    
+
     for(int i = 0; i < IndexMax; i++)
       if(Bitbase[i] == RESULT_UNKNOWN) {
         p.from_index(i);
@@ -231,7 +232,7 @@ namespace {
     bool unknownFound = false;
     Bitboard b;
     Square s;
-    
+
     // King moves
     b = p.wk_attacks();
     while(b) {
@@ -260,14 +261,14 @@ namespace {
                                    BLACK)]) {
       case RESULT_LOSS:
         return RESULT_WIN;
-        
+
       case RESULT_UNKNOWN:
         unknownFound = true;
         break;
-          
+
       case RESULT_DRAW: case RESULT_INVALID:
         break;
-        
+
       default:
         assert(false);
       }
@@ -279,20 +280,20 @@ namespace {
                                      BLACK)]) {
         case RESULT_LOSS:
           return RESULT_WIN;
-          
+
         case RESULT_UNKNOWN:
           unknownFound = true;
           break;
-          
+
         case RESULT_DRAW: case RESULT_INVALID:
           break;
-          
+
         default:
           assert(false);
         }
       }
     }
-    
+
     return unknownFound? RESULT_UNKNOWN : RESULT_DRAW;
   }
 
@@ -345,5 +346,5 @@ namespace {
   int compress_result(Result r) {
     return (r == RESULT_WIN || r == RESULT_LOSS)? 1 : 0;
   }
-      
-}  
+
+}

src/bitbase.h

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */

src/bitboard.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -22,195 +22,14 @@
 //// Includes
 ////
 
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-    #include <intrin.h>
-    #ifdef _WIN64
-        #pragma intrinsic(_BitScanForward64)
-    #else
-        #pragma intrinsic(_BitScanForward)
-    #endif
-    #define USING_INTRINSICS
-#endif
-
 #include <iostream>
 
 #include "bitboard.h"
+#include "bitcount.h"
 #include "direction.h"
 
 
-////
-//// Constants and variables
-////
-
-const Bitboard SquaresByColorBB[2] = {BlackSquaresBB, WhiteSquaresBB};
-
-const Bitboard FileBB[8] = {
-  FileABB, FileBBB, FileCBB, FileDBB, FileEBB, FileFBB, FileGBB, FileHBB
-};
-
-const Bitboard NeighboringFilesBB[8] = {
-  FileBBB, FileABB|FileCBB, FileBBB|FileDBB, FileCBB|FileEBB,
-  FileDBB|FileFBB, FileEBB|FileGBB, FileFBB|FileHBB, FileGBB
-};
-
-const Bitboard ThisAndNeighboringFilesBB[8] = {
-  FileABB|FileBBB, FileABB|FileBBB|FileCBB,
-  FileBBB|FileCBB|FileDBB, FileCBB|FileDBB|FileEBB,
-  FileDBB|FileEBB|FileFBB, FileEBB|FileFBB|FileGBB,
-  FileFBB|FileGBB|FileHBB, FileGBB|FileHBB
-};
-
-const Bitboard RankBB[8] = {
-  Rank1BB, Rank2BB, Rank3BB, Rank4BB, Rank5BB, Rank6BB, Rank7BB, Rank8BB
-};
-
-const Bitboard RelativeRankBB[2][8] = {
-  {
-    Rank1BB, Rank2BB, Rank3BB, Rank4BB, Rank5BB, Rank6BB, Rank7BB, Rank8BB
-  },
-  {
-    Rank8BB, Rank7BB, Rank6BB, Rank5BB, Rank4BB, Rank3BB, Rank2BB, Rank1BB
-  }
-};
-
-const Bitboard InFrontBB[2][8] = {
-  {
-    Rank2BB | Rank3BB | Rank4BB | Rank5BB | Rank6BB | Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
-    Rank3BB | Rank4BB | Rank5BB | Rank6BB | Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
-    Rank4BB | Rank5BB | Rank6BB | Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
-    Rank5BB | Rank6BB | Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
-    Rank6BB | Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
-    Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
-    Rank8BB,
-    EmptyBoardBB
-  },
-  {
-    EmptyBoardBB,
-    Rank1BB,
-    Rank2BB | Rank1BB,
-    Rank3BB | Rank2BB | Rank1BB,
-    Rank4BB | Rank3BB | Rank2BB | Rank1BB,
-    Rank5BB | Rank4BB | Rank3BB | Rank2BB | Rank1BB,
-    Rank6BB | Rank5BB | Rank4BB | Rank3BB | Rank2BB | Rank1BB,
-    Rank7BB | Rank6BB | Rank5BB | Rank4BB | Rank3BB | Rank2BB | Rank1BB
-  }
-};
-
-#if defined(USE_COMPACT_ROOK_ATTACKS)
-
-Bitboard RankAttacks[8][64], FileAttacks[8][64];
-
-#elif defined(USE_32BIT_ATTACKS)
-
-const uint64_t RMult[64] = {
-  0xd7445cdec88002c0ULL, 0xd0a505c1f2001722ULL, 0xe065d1c896002182ULL,
-  0x9a8c41e75a000892ULL, 0x8900b10c89002aa8ULL, 0x9b28d1c1d60005a2ULL,
-  0x15d6c88de002d9aULL, 0xb1dbfc802e8016a9ULL, 0x149a1042d9d60029ULL,
-  0xb9c08050599e002fULL, 0x132208c3af300403ULL, 0xc1000ce2e9c50070ULL,
-  0x9d9aa13c99020012ULL, 0xb6b078daf71e0046ULL, 0x9d880182fb6e002eULL,
-  0x52889f467e850037ULL, 0xda6dc008d19a8480ULL, 0x468286034f902420ULL,
-  0x7140ac09dc54c020ULL, 0xd76ffffa39548808ULL, 0xea901c4141500808ULL,
-  0xc91004093f953a02ULL, 0x2882afa8f6bb402ULL, 0xaebe335692442c01ULL,
-  0xe904a22079fb91eULL, 0x13a514851055f606ULL, 0x76c782018c8fe632ULL,
-  0x1dc012a9d116da06ULL, 0x3c9e0037264fffa6ULL, 0x2036002853c6e4a2ULL,
-  0xe3fe08500afb47d4ULL, 0xf38af25c86b025c2ULL, 0xc0800e2182cf9a40ULL,
-  0x72002480d1f60673ULL, 0x2500200bae6e9b53ULL, 0xc60018c1eefca252ULL,
-  0x600590473e3608aULL, 0x46002c4ab3fe51b2ULL, 0xa200011486bcc8d2ULL,
-  0xb680078095784c63ULL, 0x2742002639bf11aeULL, 0xc7d60021a5bdb142ULL,
-  0xc8c04016bb83d820ULL, 0xbd520028123b4842ULL, 0x9d1600344ac2a832ULL,
-  0x6a808005631c8a05ULL, 0x604600a148d5389aULL, 0xe2e40103d40dea65ULL,
-  0x945b5a0087c62a81ULL, 0x12dc200cd82d28eULL, 0x2431c600b5f9ef76ULL,
-  0xfb142a006a9b314aULL, 0x6870e00a1c97d62ULL, 0x2a9db2004a2689a2ULL,
-  0xd3594600caf5d1a2ULL, 0xee0e4900439344a7ULL, 0x89c4d266ca25007aULL,
-  0x3e0013a2743f97e3ULL, 0x180e31a0431378aULL, 0x3a9e465a4d42a512ULL,
-  0x98d0a11a0c0d9cc2ULL, 0x8e711c1aba19b01eULL, 0x8dcdc836dd201142ULL,
-  0x5ac08a4735370479ULL,
-};
-
-const int RShift[64] = {
-  20, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 20, 21, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 21,
-  21, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 21, 21, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 21,
-  21, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 21, 21, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 21,
-  21, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 21, 20, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 20
-};
-
-#else // if defined(USE_32BIT_ATTACKS)
-
-const uint64_t RMult[64] = {
-  0xa8002c000108020ULL, 0x4440200140003000ULL, 0x8080200010011880ULL,
-  0x380180080141000ULL, 0x1a00060008211044ULL, 0x410001000a0c0008ULL,
-  0x9500060004008100ULL, 0x100024284a20700ULL, 0x802140008000ULL,
-  0x80c01002a00840ULL, 0x402004282011020ULL, 0x9862000820420050ULL,
-  0x1001448011100ULL, 0x6432800200800400ULL, 0x40100010002000cULL,
-  0x2800d0010c080ULL, 0x90c0008000803042ULL, 0x4010004000200041ULL,
-  0x3010010200040ULL, 0xa40828028001000ULL, 0x123010008000430ULL,
-  0x24008004020080ULL, 0x60040001104802ULL, 0x582200028400d1ULL,
-  0x4000802080044000ULL, 0x408208200420308ULL, 0x610038080102000ULL,
-  0x3601000900100020ULL, 0x80080040180ULL, 0xc2020080040080ULL,
-  0x80084400100102ULL, 0x4022408200014401ULL, 0x40052040800082ULL,
-  0xb08200280804000ULL, 0x8a80a008801000ULL, 0x4000480080801000ULL,
-  0x911808800801401ULL, 0x822a003002001894ULL, 0x401068091400108aULL,
-  0x4a10a00004cULL, 0x2000800640008024ULL, 0x1486408102020020ULL,
-  0x100a000d50041ULL, 0x810050020b0020ULL, 0x204000800808004ULL,
-  0x20048100a000cULL, 0x112000831020004ULL, 0x9000040810002ULL,
-  0x440490200208200ULL, 0x8910401000200040ULL, 0x6404200050008480ULL,
-  0x4b824a2010010100ULL, 0x4080801810c0080ULL, 0x400802a0080ULL,
-  0x8224080110026400ULL, 0x40002c4104088200ULL, 0x1002100104a0282ULL,
-  0x1208400811048021ULL, 0x3201014a40d02001ULL, 0x5100019200501ULL,
-  0x101000208001005ULL, 0x2008450080702ULL, 0x1002080301d00cULL,
-  0x410201ce5c030092ULL
-};
-
-const int RShift[64] = {
-  52, 53, 53, 53, 53, 53, 53, 52, 53, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 53,
-  53, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 53, 53, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 53,
-  53, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 53, 53, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 53,
-  53, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 53, 52, 53, 53, 53, 53, 53, 53, 52
-};
-
-#endif // defined(USE_32BIT_ATTACKS)
-
-#if !defined(USE_COMPACT_ROOK_ATTACKS)
-Bitboard RMask[64];
-int RAttackIndex[64];
-Bitboard RAttacks[0x19000];
-#endif
-
-#if defined(USE_32BIT_ATTACKS)
-
-const uint64_t BMult[64] = {
-  0x54142844c6a22981ULL, 0x710358a6ea25c19eULL, 0x704f746d63a4a8dcULL,
-  0xbfed1a0b80f838c5ULL, 0x90561d5631e62110ULL, 0x2804260376e60944ULL,
-  0x84a656409aa76871ULL, 0xf0267f64c28b6197ULL, 0x70764ebb762f0585ULL,
-  0x92aa09e0cfe161deULL, 0x41ee1f6bb266f60eULL, 0xddcbf04f6039c444ULL,
-  0x5a3fab7bac0d988aULL, 0xd3727877fa4eaa03ULL, 0xd988402d868ddaaeULL,
-  0x812b291afa075c7cULL, 0x94faf987b685a932ULL, 0x3ed867d8470d08dbULL,
-  0x92517660b8901de8ULL, 0x2d97e43e058814b4ULL, 0x880a10c220b25582ULL,
-  0xc7c6520d1f1a0477ULL, 0xdbfc7fbcd7656aa6ULL, 0x78b1b9bfb1a2b84fULL,
-  0x2f20037f112a0bc1ULL, 0x657171ea2269a916ULL, 0xc08302b07142210eULL,
-  0x880a4403064080bULL, 0x3602420842208c00ULL, 0x852800dc7e0b6602ULL,
-  0x595a3fbbaa0f03b2ULL, 0x9f01411558159d5eULL, 0x2b4a4a5f88b394f2ULL,
-  0x4afcbffc292dd03aULL, 0x4a4094a3b3f10522ULL, 0xb06f00b491f30048ULL,
-  0xd5b3820280d77004ULL, 0x8b2e01e7c8e57a75ULL, 0x2d342794e886c2e6ULL,
-  0xc302c410cde21461ULL, 0x111f426f1379c274ULL, 0xe0569220abb31588ULL,
-  0x5026d3064d453324ULL, 0xe2076040c343cd8aULL, 0x93efd1e1738021eeULL,
-  0xb680804bed143132ULL, 0x44e361b21986944cULL, 0x44c60170ef5c598cULL,
-  0xf4da475c195c9c94ULL, 0xa3afbb5f72060b1dULL, 0xbc75f410e41c4ffcULL,
-  0xb51c099390520922ULL, 0x902c011f8f8ec368ULL, 0x950b56b3d6f5490aULL,
-  0x3909e0635bf202d0ULL, 0x5744f90206ec10ccULL, 0xdc59fd76317abbc1ULL,
-  0x881c7c67fcbfc4f6ULL, 0x47ca41e7e440d423ULL, 0xeb0c88112048d004ULL,
-  0x51c60e04359aef1aULL, 0x1aa1fe0e957a5554ULL, 0xdd9448db4f5e3104ULL,
-  0xdc01f6dca4bebbdcULL,
-};
-
-const int BShift[64] = {
-  26, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 26, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27,
-  27, 27, 25, 25, 25, 25, 27, 27, 27, 27, 25, 23, 23, 25, 27, 27,
-  27, 27, 25, 23, 23, 25, 27, 27, 27, 27, 25, 25, 25, 25, 27, 27,
-  27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 26, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 26
-};
-
-#else // if defined(USE_32BIT_ATTACKS)
+#if defined(IS_64BIT)
 
 const uint64_t BMult[64] = {
   0x440049104032280ULL, 0x1021023c82008040ULL, 0x404040082000048ULL,
@@ -237,6 +56,31 @@ const uint64_t BMult[64] = {
   0xa08520292120600ULL
 };
 
+const uint64_t RMult[64] = {
+  0xa8002c000108020ULL, 0x4440200140003000ULL, 0x8080200010011880ULL,
+  0x380180080141000ULL, 0x1a00060008211044ULL, 0x410001000a0c0008ULL,
+  0x9500060004008100ULL, 0x100024284a20700ULL, 0x802140008000ULL,
+  0x80c01002a00840ULL, 0x402004282011020ULL, 0x9862000820420050ULL,
+  0x1001448011100ULL, 0x6432800200800400ULL, 0x40100010002000cULL,
+  0x2800d0010c080ULL, 0x90c0008000803042ULL, 0x4010004000200041ULL,
+  0x3010010200040ULL, 0xa40828028001000ULL, 0x123010008000430ULL,
+  0x24008004020080ULL, 0x60040001104802ULL, 0x582200028400d1ULL,
+  0x4000802080044000ULL, 0x408208200420308ULL, 0x610038080102000ULL,
+  0x3601000900100020ULL, 0x80080040180ULL, 0xc2020080040080ULL,
+  0x80084400100102ULL, 0x4022408200014401ULL, 0x40052040800082ULL,
+  0xb08200280804000ULL, 0x8a80a008801000ULL, 0x4000480080801000ULL,
+  0x911808800801401ULL, 0x822a003002001894ULL, 0x401068091400108aULL,
+  0x4a10a00004cULL, 0x2000800640008024ULL, 0x1486408102020020ULL,
+  0x100a000d50041ULL, 0x810050020b0020ULL, 0x204000800808004ULL,
+  0x20048100a000cULL, 0x112000831020004ULL, 0x9000040810002ULL,
+  0x440490200208200ULL, 0x8910401000200040ULL, 0x6404200050008480ULL,
+  0x4b824a2010010100ULL, 0x4080801810c0080ULL, 0x400802a0080ULL,
+  0x8224080110026400ULL, 0x40002c4104088200ULL, 0x1002100104a0282ULL,
+  0x1208400811048021ULL, 0x3201014a40d02001ULL, 0x5100019200501ULL,
+  0x101000208001005ULL, 0x2008450080702ULL, 0x1002080301d00cULL,
+  0x410201ce5c030092ULL
+};
+
 const int BShift[64] = {
   58, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 58, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59,
   59, 59, 57, 57, 57, 57, 59, 59, 59, 59, 57, 55, 55, 57, 59, 59,
@@ -244,14 +88,139 @@ const int BShift[64] = {
   59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 58, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 58
 };
 
-#endif // defined(USE_32BIT_ATTACKS)
+const int RShift[64] = {
+  52, 53, 53, 53, 53, 53, 53, 52, 53, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 53,
+  53, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 53, 53, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 53,
+  53, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 53, 53, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 53,
+  53, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 53, 52, 53, 53, 53, 53, 53, 53, 52
+};
+
+#else // if !defined(IS_64BIT)
+
+const uint64_t BMult[64] = {
+  0x54142844c6a22981ULL, 0x710358a6ea25c19eULL, 0x704f746d63a4a8dcULL,
+  0xbfed1a0b80f838c5ULL, 0x90561d5631e62110ULL, 0x2804260376e60944ULL,
+  0x84a656409aa76871ULL, 0xf0267f64c28b6197ULL, 0x70764ebb762f0585ULL,
+  0x92aa09e0cfe161deULL, 0x41ee1f6bb266f60eULL, 0xddcbf04f6039c444ULL,
+  0x5a3fab7bac0d988aULL, 0xd3727877fa4eaa03ULL, 0xd988402d868ddaaeULL,
+  0x812b291afa075c7cULL, 0x94faf987b685a932ULL, 0x3ed867d8470d08dbULL,
+  0x92517660b8901de8ULL, 0x2d97e43e058814b4ULL, 0x880a10c220b25582ULL,
+  0xc7c6520d1f1a0477ULL, 0xdbfc7fbcd7656aa6ULL, 0x78b1b9bfb1a2b84fULL,
+  0x2f20037f112a0bc1ULL, 0x657171ea2269a916ULL, 0xc08302b07142210eULL,
+  0x880a4403064080bULL, 0x3602420842208c00ULL, 0x852800dc7e0b6602ULL,
+  0x595a3fbbaa0f03b2ULL, 0x9f01411558159d5eULL, 0x2b4a4a5f88b394f2ULL,
+  0x4afcbffc292dd03aULL, 0x4a4094a3b3f10522ULL, 0xb06f00b491f30048ULL,
+  0xd5b3820280d77004ULL, 0x8b2e01e7c8e57a75ULL, 0x2d342794e886c2e6ULL,
+  0xc302c410cde21461ULL, 0x111f426f1379c274ULL, 0xe0569220abb31588ULL,
+  0x5026d3064d453324ULL, 0xe2076040c343cd8aULL, 0x93efd1e1738021eeULL,
+  0xb680804bed143132ULL, 0x44e361b21986944cULL, 0x44c60170ef5c598cULL,
+  0xf4da475c195c9c94ULL, 0xa3afbb5f72060b1dULL, 0xbc75f410e41c4ffcULL,
+  0xb51c099390520922ULL, 0x902c011f8f8ec368ULL, 0x950b56b3d6f5490aULL,
+  0x3909e0635bf202d0ULL, 0x5744f90206ec10ccULL, 0xdc59fd76317abbc1ULL,
+  0x881c7c67fcbfc4f6ULL, 0x47ca41e7e440d423ULL, 0xeb0c88112048d004ULL,
+  0x51c60e04359aef1aULL, 0x1aa1fe0e957a5554ULL, 0xdd9448db4f5e3104ULL,
+  0xdc01f6dca4bebbdcULL,
+};
+
+const uint64_t RMult[64] = {
+  0xd7445cdec88002c0ULL, 0xd0a505c1f2001722ULL, 0xe065d1c896002182ULL,
+  0x9a8c41e75a000892ULL, 0x8900b10c89002aa8ULL, 0x9b28d1c1d60005a2ULL,
+  0x15d6c88de002d9aULL, 0xb1dbfc802e8016a9ULL, 0x149a1042d9d60029ULL,
+  0xb9c08050599e002fULL, 0x132208c3af300403ULL, 0xc1000ce2e9c50070ULL,
+  0x9d9aa13c99020012ULL, 0xb6b078daf71e0046ULL, 0x9d880182fb6e002eULL,
+  0x52889f467e850037ULL, 0xda6dc008d19a8480ULL, 0x468286034f902420ULL,
+  0x7140ac09dc54c020ULL, 0xd76ffffa39548808ULL, 0xea901c4141500808ULL,
+  0xc91004093f953a02ULL, 0x2882afa8f6bb402ULL, 0xaebe335692442c01ULL,
+  0xe904a22079fb91eULL, 0x13a514851055f606ULL, 0x76c782018c8fe632ULL,
+  0x1dc012a9d116da06ULL, 0x3c9e0037264fffa6ULL, 0x2036002853c6e4a2ULL,
+  0xe3fe08500afb47d4ULL, 0xf38af25c86b025c2ULL, 0xc0800e2182cf9a40ULL,
+  0x72002480d1f60673ULL, 0x2500200bae6e9b53ULL, 0xc60018c1eefca252ULL,
+  0x600590473e3608aULL, 0x46002c4ab3fe51b2ULL, 0xa200011486bcc8d2ULL,
+  0xb680078095784c63ULL, 0x2742002639bf11aeULL, 0xc7d60021a5bdb142ULL,
+  0xc8c04016bb83d820ULL, 0xbd520028123b4842ULL, 0x9d1600344ac2a832ULL,
+  0x6a808005631c8a05ULL, 0x604600a148d5389aULL, 0xe2e40103d40dea65ULL,
+  0x945b5a0087c62a81ULL, 0x12dc200cd82d28eULL, 0x2431c600b5f9ef76ULL,
+  0xfb142a006a9b314aULL, 0x6870e00a1c97d62ULL, 0x2a9db2004a2689a2ULL,
+  0xd3594600caf5d1a2ULL, 0xee0e4900439344a7ULL, 0x89c4d266ca25007aULL,
+  0x3e0013a2743f97e3ULL, 0x180e31a0431378aULL, 0x3a9e465a4d42a512ULL,
+  0x98d0a11a0c0d9cc2ULL, 0x8e711c1aba19b01eULL, 0x8dcdc836dd201142ULL,
+  0x5ac08a4735370479ULL,
+};
+
+const int BShift[64] = {
+  26, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 26, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27,
+  27, 27, 25, 25, 25, 25, 27, 27, 27, 27, 25, 23, 23, 25, 27, 27,
+  27, 27, 25, 23, 23, 25, 27, 27, 27, 27, 25, 25, 25, 25, 27, 27,
+  27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 26, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 26
+};
+
+const int RShift[64] = {
+  20, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 20, 21, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 21,
+  21, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 21, 21, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 21,
+  21, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 21, 21, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 21,
+  21, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 21, 20, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 20
+};
+
+#endif // defined(IS_64BIT)
+
+const Bitboard SquaresByColorBB[2] = { BlackSquaresBB, WhiteSquaresBB };
+
+const Bitboard FileBB[8] = {
+  FileABB, FileBBB, FileCBB, FileDBB, FileEBB, FileFBB, FileGBB, FileHBB
+};
+
+const Bitboard NeighboringFilesBB[8] = {
+  FileBBB, FileABB|FileCBB, FileBBB|FileDBB, FileCBB|FileEBB,
+  FileDBB|FileFBB, FileEBB|FileGBB, FileFBB|FileHBB, FileGBB
+};
+
+const Bitboard ThisAndNeighboringFilesBB[8] = {
+  FileABB|FileBBB, FileABB|FileBBB|FileCBB,
+  FileBBB|FileCBB|FileDBB, FileCBB|FileDBB|FileEBB,
+  FileDBB|FileEBB|FileFBB, FileEBB|FileFBB|FileGBB,
+  FileFBB|FileGBB|FileHBB, FileGBB|FileHBB
+};
+
+const Bitboard RankBB[8] = {
+  Rank1BB, Rank2BB, Rank3BB, Rank4BB, Rank5BB, Rank6BB, Rank7BB, Rank8BB
+};
+
+const Bitboard RelativeRankBB[2][8] = {
+  { Rank1BB, Rank2BB, Rank3BB, Rank4BB, Rank5BB, Rank6BB, Rank7BB, Rank8BB },
+  { Rank8BB, Rank7BB, Rank6BB, Rank5BB, Rank4BB, Rank3BB, Rank2BB, Rank1BB }
+};
+
+const Bitboard InFrontBB[2][8] = {
+  { Rank2BB | Rank3BB | Rank4BB | Rank5BB | Rank6BB | Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
+    Rank3BB | Rank4BB | Rank5BB | Rank6BB | Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
+    Rank4BB | Rank5BB | Rank6BB | Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
+    Rank5BB | Rank6BB | Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
+    Rank6BB | Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
+    Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
+    Rank8BB,
+    EmptyBoardBB
+  },
+  { EmptyBoardBB,
+    Rank1BB,
+    Rank2BB | Rank1BB,
+    Rank3BB | Rank2BB | Rank1BB,
+    Rank4BB | Rank3BB | Rank2BB | Rank1BB,
+    Rank5BB | Rank4BB | Rank3BB | Rank2BB | Rank1BB,
+    Rank6BB | Rank5BB | Rank4BB | Rank3BB | Rank2BB | Rank1BB,
+    Rank7BB | Rank6BB | Rank5BB | Rank4BB | Rank3BB | Rank2BB | Rank1BB
+  }
+};
+
+Bitboard RMask[64];
+int RAttackIndex[64];
+Bitboard RAttacks[0x19000];
 
 Bitboard BMask[64];
 int BAttackIndex[64];
 Bitboard BAttacks[0x1480];
 
-Bitboard SetMaskBB[64];
-Bitboard ClearMaskBB[64];
+Bitboard SetMaskBB[65];
+Bitboard ClearMaskBB[65];
 
 Bitboard StepAttackBB[16][64];
 Bitboard RayBB[64][8];
@@ -264,12 +233,15 @@ Bitboard BishopPseudoAttacks[64];
 Bitboard RookPseudoAttacks[64];
 Bitboard QueenPseudoAttacks[64];
 
+uint8_t BitCount8Bit[256];
+
 
 ////
 //// Local definitions
 ////
 
 namespace {
+
   void init_masks();
   void init_ray_bitboards();
   void init_attacks();
@@ -282,9 +254,6 @@ namespace {
                             const int shift[2], const Bitboard mult[],
                             int deltas[][2]);
   void init_pseudo_attacks();
-#if defined(USE_COMPACT_ROOK_ATTACKS)
-  void init_file_and_rank_attacks();
-#endif
 }
 
 
@@ -316,20 +285,39 @@ void init_bitboards() {
   init_ray_bitboards();
   init_attacks();
   init_between_bitboards();
-#if defined(USE_COMPACT_ROOK_ATTACKS)
-  init_file_and_rank_attacks();
-#else
-  init_sliding_attacks(RAttacks, RAttackIndex, RMask, RShift,
-                       RMult, rookDeltas);
-#endif
-  init_sliding_attacks(BAttacks, BAttackIndex, BMask, BShift,
-                       BMult, bishopDeltas);
+  init_sliding_attacks(RAttacks, RAttackIndex, RMask, RShift, RMult, rookDeltas);
+  init_sliding_attacks(BAttacks, BAttackIndex, BMask, BShift, BMult, bishopDeltas);
   init_pseudo_attacks();
 }
 
 
-#if defined(USE_FOLDED_BITSCAN)
+/// first_1() finds the least significant nonzero bit in a nonzero bitboard.
+/// pop_1st_bit() finds and clears the least significant nonzero bit in a
+/// nonzero bitboard.
 
+#if defined(IS_64BIT) && !defined(USE_BSFQ)
+
+CACHE_LINE_ALIGNMENT
+static const int BitTable[64] = {
+  0, 1, 2, 7, 3, 13, 8, 19, 4, 25, 14, 28, 9, 34, 20, 40, 5, 17, 26, 38, 15,
+  46, 29, 48, 10, 31, 35, 54, 21, 50, 41, 57, 63, 6, 12, 18, 24, 27, 33, 39,
+  16, 37, 45, 47, 30, 53, 49, 56, 62, 11, 23, 32, 36, 44, 52, 55, 61, 22, 43,
+  51, 60, 42, 59, 58
+};
+
+Square first_1(Bitboard b) {
+  return Square(BitTable[((b & -b) * 0x218a392cd3d5dbfULL) >> 58]);
+}
+
+Square pop_1st_bit(Bitboard* b) {
+  Bitboard bb = *b;
+  *b &= (*b - 1);
+  return Square(BitTable[((bb & -bb) * 0x218a392cd3d5dbfULL) >> 58]);
+}
+
+#elif !defined(USE_BSFQ)
+
+CACHE_LINE_ALIGNMENT
 static const int BitTable[64] = {
   63, 30, 3, 32, 25, 41, 22, 33, 15, 50, 42, 13, 11, 53, 19, 34, 61, 29, 2,
   51, 21, 43, 45, 10, 18, 47, 1, 54, 9, 57, 0, 35, 62, 31, 40, 4, 49, 5, 52,
@@ -337,21 +325,12 @@ static const int BitTable[64] = {
   58, 20, 37, 17, 36, 8
 };
 
-
-/// first_1() finds the least significant nonzero bit in a nonzero bitboard.
-
 Square first_1(Bitboard b) {
   b ^= (b - 1);
   uint32_t fold = int(b) ^ int(b >> 32);
   return Square(BitTable[(fold * 0x783a9b23) >> 26]);
 }
 
-
-/// pop_1st_bit() finds and clears the least significant nonzero bit in a
-/// nonzero bitboard.
-
-#if defined(USE_32BIT_ATTACKS)
-
 // Use type-punning
 union b_union {
 
@@ -359,72 +338,28 @@ union b_union {
     struct {
         uint32_t l;
         uint32_t h;
-    };
+    } dw;
 };
 
 // WARNING: Needs -fno-strict-aliasing compiler option
-Square pop_1st_bit(Bitboard *bb) {
+Square pop_1st_bit(Bitboard* bb) {
 
   b_union u;
-  uint32_t b;
 
   u.b = *bb;
 
-  if (u.l)
+  if (u.dw.l)
   {
-      b = u.l;
-      *((uint32_t*)bb) = b & (b - 1);
-      b ^= (b - 1);
+      *((uint32_t*)bb) = u.dw.l & (u.dw.l - 1);
+      return Square(BitTable[((u.dw.l ^ (u.dw.l - 1)) * 0x783a9b23) >> 26]);
   }
-  else
-  {
-      b = u.h;
-      *((uint32_t*)bb+1) = b & (b - 1); // Little endian only?
-      b = ~(b ^ (b - 1));
-  }
-  return Square(BitTable[(b * 0x783a9b23) >> 26]);
-}
 
-#else
-
-Square pop_1st_bit(Bitboard *b) {
-  Bitboard bb = *b ^ (*b - 1);
-  uint32_t fold = int(bb) ^ int(bb >> 32);
-  *b &= (*b - 1);
-  return Square(BitTable[(fold * 0x783a9b23) >> 26]);
+  *((uint32_t*)bb+1) = u.dw.h & (u.dw.h - 1); // Little endian only?
+  return Square(BitTable[((~(u.dw.h ^ (u.dw.h - 1))) * 0x783a9b23) >> 26]);
 }
 
 #endif
 
-#else
-
-static const int BitTable[64] = {
-  0, 1, 2, 7, 3, 13, 8, 19, 4, 25, 14, 28, 9, 34, 20, 40, 5, 17, 26, 38, 15,
-  46, 29, 48, 10, 31, 35, 54, 21, 50, 41, 57, 63, 6, 12, 18, 24, 27, 33, 39,
-  16, 37, 45, 47, 30, 53, 49, 56, 62, 11, 23, 32, 36, 44, 52, 55, 61, 22, 43,
-  51, 60, 42, 59, 58
-};
-
-
-/// first_1() finds the least significant nonzero bit in a nonzero bitboard.
-
-Square first_1(Bitboard b) {
-  return Square(BitTable[((b & -b) * 0x218a392cd3d5dbfULL) >> 58]);
-}
-
-
-/// pop_1st_bit() finds and clears the least significant nonzero bit in a
-/// nonzero bitboard.
-
-Square pop_1st_bit(Bitboard *b) {
-  Bitboard bb = *b;
-  *b &= (*b - 1);
-  return Square(BitTable[((bb & -bb) * 0x218a392cd3d5dbfULL) >> 58]);
-}
-
-#endif // defined(USE_FOLDED_BITSCAN)
-
-
 namespace {
 
   // All functions below are used to precompute various bitboards during
@@ -433,6 +368,8 @@ namespace {
   // be necessary to touch any of them.
 
   void init_masks() {
+    SetMaskBB[SQ_NONE] = 0ULL;
+    ClearMaskBB[SQ_NONE] = ~SetMaskBB[SQ_NONE];
     for(Square s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; s++) {
       SetMaskBB[s] = (1ULL << s);
       ClearMaskBB[s] = ~SetMaskBB[s];
@@ -443,12 +380,15 @@ namespace {
           in_front_bb(c, s) & this_and_neighboring_files_bb(s);
         OutpostMask[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & neighboring_files_bb(s);
       }
+
+    for (Bitboard b = 0ULL; b < 256ULL; b++)
+        BitCount8Bit[b] = (uint8_t)count_1s(b);
   }
 
 
   void init_ray_bitboards() {
     int d[8] = {1, -1, 16, -16, 17, -17, 15, -15};
-    for(int i = 0; i < 128; i = i + 9 & ~8) {
+    for(int i = 0; i < 128; i = (i + 9) & ~8) {
       for(int j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
         RayBB[(i&7)|((i>>4)<<3)][j] = EmptyBoardBB;
         for(int k = i + d[j]; (k & 0x88) == 0; k += d[j])
@@ -534,19 +474,26 @@ namespace {
     for(i = 0; i < 64; i++) {
       attackIndex[i] = index;
       mask[i] = sliding_attacks(i, 0ULL, 4, deltas, 1, 6, 1, 6);
+
+#if defined(IS_64BIT)
       j = (1 << (64 - shift[i]));
+#else
+      j = (1 << (32 - shift[i]));
+#endif
+
       for(k = 0; k < j; k++) {
-#if defined(USE_32BIT_ATTACKS)
+
+#if defined(IS_64BIT)
+        b = index_to_bitboard(k, mask[i]);
+        attacks[index + ((b * mult[i]) >> shift[i])] =
+          sliding_attacks(i, b, 4, deltas);
+#else
         b = index_to_bitboard(k, mask[i]);
         attacks[index +
                  (unsigned(int(b) * int(mult[i]) ^
                            int(b >> 32) * int(mult[i] >> 32))
                   >> shift[i])] =
           sliding_attacks(i, b, 4, deltas);
-#else
-        b = index_to_bitboard(k, mask[i]);
-        attacks[index + ((b * mult[i]) >> shift[i])] =
-          sliding_attacks(i, b, 4, deltas);
 #endif
       }
       index += j;
@@ -563,29 +510,4 @@ namespace {
     }
   }
 
-#if defined(USE_COMPACT_ROOK_ATTACKS)
-  void init_file_and_rank_attacks() {
-    int i, j, k, l, m, s;
-    Bitboard b1, b2;
-    for(i = 0; i < 64; i++) {
-
-      for(m = 0; m <= 1; m++) {
-        b1 = 0ULL;
-        for(j = 0; j < 6; j++) if(i & (1<<j)) b1 |= (1ULL << ((j+1)*(1+m*7)));
-        for(j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
-          b2 = 0ULL;
-          for(k = 0, s = 1; k < 2; k++, s *= -1) {
-            for(l = j+s; l >= 0 && l <= 7; l += s) {
-              b2 |= (m? RankBB[l] : FileBB[l]);
-              if(b1 & (1ULL << (l*(1+m*7)))) break;
-            }
-          }
-          if(m) FileAttacks[j][(b1*0xd6e8802041d0c441ULL) >> 58] = b2;
-          else RankAttacks[j][i] = b2;
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  }
-#endif // defined(USE_COMPACT_ROOK_ATTACKS)
-
 }

src/bitboard.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -22,43 +22,6 @@
 #if !defined(BITBOARD_H_INCLUDED)
 #define BITBOARD_H_INCLUDED
 
-
-////
-//// Defines
-////
-
-// Comment following define if you prefer manually adjust
-// platform macros defined below
-#define AUTO_CONFIGURATION
-
-// Quiet a warning on Intel compiler
-#if !defined(__SIZEOF_INT__ )
-#define __SIZEOF_INT__ 0
-#endif
-
-// Check for 64 bits for different compilers: Intel, MSVC and gcc
-#if defined(__x86_64) || defined(_WIN64) || (__SIZEOF_INT__ > 4)
-#define IS_64BIT
-#endif
-
-#if !defined(AUTO_CONFIGURATION) || defined(IS_64BIT)
-
-//#define USE_COMPACT_ROOK_ATTACKS
-//#define USE_32BIT_ATTACKS
-#define USE_FOLDED_BITSCAN
-
-#define BITCOUNT_SWAR_64
-//#define BITCOUNT_SWAR_32
-//#define BITCOUNT_LOOP
-
-#else
-
-#define USE_32BIT_ATTACKS
-#define USE_FOLDED_BITSCAN
-#define BITCOUNT_SWAR_32
-
-#endif
-
 ////
 //// Includes
 ////
@@ -69,13 +32,6 @@
 #include "types.h"
 
 
-////
-//// Types
-////
-
-typedef uint64_t Bitboard;
-
-
 ////
 //// Constants and variables
 ////
@@ -85,8 +41,6 @@ const Bitboard EmptyBoardBB = 0ULL;
 const Bitboard WhiteSquaresBB = 0x55AA55AA55AA55AAULL;
 const Bitboard BlackSquaresBB = 0xAA55AA55AA55AA55ULL;
 
-extern const Bitboard SquaresByColorBB[2];
-
 const Bitboard FileABB = 0x0101010101010101ULL;
 const Bitboard FileBBB = 0x0202020202020202ULL;
 const Bitboard FileCBB = 0x0404040404040404ULL;
@@ -96,10 +50,6 @@ const Bitboard FileFBB = 0x2020202020202020ULL;
 const Bitboard FileGBB = 0x4040404040404040ULL;
 const Bitboard FileHBB = 0x8080808080808080ULL;
 
-extern const Bitboard FileBB[8];
-extern const Bitboard NeighboringFilesBB[8];
-extern const Bitboard ThisAndNeighboringFilesBB[8];
-
 const Bitboard Rank1BB = 0xFFULL;
 const Bitboard Rank2BB = 0xFF00ULL;
 const Bitboard Rank3BB = 0xFF0000ULL;
@@ -109,12 +59,16 @@ const Bitboard Rank6BB = 0xFF0000000000ULL;
 const Bitboard Rank7BB = 0xFF000000000000ULL;
 const Bitboard Rank8BB = 0xFF00000000000000ULL;
 
+extern const Bitboard SquaresByColorBB[2];
+extern const Bitboard FileBB[8];
+extern const Bitboard NeighboringFilesBB[8];
+extern const Bitboard ThisAndNeighboringFilesBB[8];
 extern const Bitboard RankBB[8];
 extern const Bitboard RelativeRankBB[2][8];
 extern const Bitboard InFrontBB[2][8];
 
-extern Bitboard SetMaskBB[64];
-extern Bitboard ClearMaskBB[64];
+extern Bitboard SetMaskBB[65];
+extern Bitboard ClearMaskBB[65];
 
 extern Bitboard StepAttackBB[16][64];
 extern Bitboard RayBB[64][8];
@@ -123,15 +77,11 @@ extern Bitboard BetweenBB[64][64];
 extern Bitboard PassedPawnMask[2][64];
 extern Bitboard OutpostMask[2][64];
 
-#if defined(USE_COMPACT_ROOK_ATTACKS)
-extern Bitboard RankAttacks[8][64], FileAttacks[8][64];
-#else
 extern const uint64_t RMult[64];
 extern const int RShift[64];
 extern Bitboard RMask[64];
 extern int RAttackIndex[64];
 extern Bitboard RAttacks[0x19000];
-#endif // defined(USE_COMPACT_ROOK_ATTACKS)
 
 extern const uint64_t BMult[64];
 extern const int BShift[64];
@@ -143,6 +93,8 @@ extern Bitboard BishopPseudoAttacks[64];
 extern Bitboard RookPseudoAttacks[64];
 extern Bitboard QueenPseudoAttacks[64];
 
+extern uint8_t BitCount8Bit[256];
+
 
 ////
 //// Inline functions
@@ -164,6 +116,17 @@ inline void clear_bit(Bitboard *b, Square s) {
 }
 
 
+/// Functions used to update a bitboard after a move. This is faster
+/// then calling a sequence of clear_bit() + set_bit()
+
+inline Bitboard make_move_bb(Square from, Square to) {
+  return SetMaskBB[from] | SetMaskBB[to];
+}
+
+inline void do_move_bb(Bitboard *b, Bitboard move_bb) {
+  *b ^= move_bb;
+}
+
 /// rank_bb() and file_bb() gives a bitboard containing all squares on a given
 /// file or rank.  It is also possible to pass a square as input to these
 /// functions.
@@ -212,7 +175,7 @@ inline Bitboard this_and_neighboring_files_bb(Square s) {
 
 /// relative_rank_bb() takes a color and a rank as input, and returns a bitboard
 /// representing all squares on the given rank from the given color's point of
-/// view.  For instance, relative_rank_bb(WHITE, 7) gives all squares on the
+/// view. For instance, relative_rank_bb(WHITE, 7) gives all squares on the
 /// 7th rank, while relative_rank_bb(BLACK, 7) gives all squares on the 2nd
 /// rank.
 
@@ -236,6 +199,19 @@ inline Bitboard in_front_bb(Color c, Square s) {
 }
 
 
+/// behind_bb() takes a color and a rank or square as input, and returns a
+/// bitboard representing all the squares on all ranks behind of the rank
+/// (or square), from the given color's point of view.
+
+inline Bitboard behind_bb(Color c, Rank r) {
+  return InFrontBB[opposite_color(c)][r];
+}
+
+inline Bitboard behind_bb(Color c, Square s) {
+  return in_front_bb(opposite_color(c), square_rank(s));
+}
+
+
 /// ray_bb() gives a bitboard representing all squares along the ray in a
 /// given direction from a given square.
 
@@ -244,29 +220,24 @@ inline Bitboard ray_bb(Square s, SignedDirection d) {
 }
 
 
-/// Functions for computing sliding attack bitboards.  rook_attacks_bb(),
+/// Functions for computing sliding attack bitboards. rook_attacks_bb(),
 /// bishop_attacks_bb() and queen_attacks_bb() all take a square and a
 /// bitboard of occupied squares as input, and return a bitboard representing
 /// all squares attacked by a rook, bishop or queen on the given square.
 
-#if defined(USE_COMPACT_ROOK_ATTACKS)
-
-inline Bitboard file_attacks_bb(Square s, Bitboard blockers) {
-  Bitboard b = (blockers >> square_file(s)) & 0x01010101010100ULL;
-  return
-    FileAttacks[square_rank(s)][(b*0xd6e8802041d0c441ULL)>>58] & file_bb(s);
-}
-
-inline Bitboard rank_attacks_bb(Square s, Bitboard blockers) {
-  Bitboard b = (blockers >> ((s & 56) + 1)) & 63;
-  return RankAttacks[square_file(s)][b] & rank_bb(s);
-}
+#if defined(IS_64BIT)
 
 inline Bitboard rook_attacks_bb(Square s, Bitboard blockers) {
-  return file_attacks_bb(s, blockers) | rank_attacks_bb(s, blockers);
+  Bitboard b = blockers & RMask[s];
+  return RAttacks[RAttackIndex[s] + ((b * RMult[s]) >> RShift[s])];
 }
 
-#elif defined(USE_32BIT_ATTACKS)
+inline Bitboard bishop_attacks_bb(Square s, Bitboard blockers) {
+  Bitboard b = blockers & BMask[s];
+  return BAttacks[BAttackIndex[s] + ((b * BMult[s]) >> BShift[s])];
+}
+
+#else // if !defined(IS_64BIT)
 
 inline Bitboard rook_attacks_bb(Square s, Bitboard blockers) {
   Bitboard b = blockers & RMask[s];
@@ -276,17 +247,6 @@ inline Bitboard rook_attacks_bb(Square s, Bitboard blockers) {
                    >> RShift[s])];
 }
 
-#else
-
-inline Bitboard rook_attacks_bb(Square s, Bitboard blockers) {
-  Bitboard b = blockers & RMask[s];
-  return RAttacks[RAttackIndex[s] + ((b * RMult[s]) >> RShift[s])];
-}
-
-#endif
-
-#if defined(USE_32BIT_ATTACKS)
-
 inline Bitboard bishop_attacks_bb(Square s, Bitboard blockers) {
   Bitboard b = blockers & BMask[s];
   return BAttacks[BAttackIndex[s] +
@@ -295,14 +255,7 @@ inline Bitboard bishop_attacks_bb(Square s, Bitboard blockers) {
                    >> BShift[s])];
 }
 
-#else // defined(USE_32BIT_ATTACKS)
-
-inline Bitboard bishop_attacks_bb(Square s, Bitboard blockers) {
-  Bitboard b = blockers & BMask[s];
-  return BAttacks[BAttackIndex[s] + ((b * BMult[s]) >> BShift[s])];
-}
-
-#endif // defined(USE_32BIT_ATTACKS)
+#endif
 
 inline Bitboard queen_attacks_bb(Square s, Bitboard blockers) {
   return rook_attacks_bb(s, blockers) | bishop_attacks_bb(s, blockers);
@@ -364,62 +317,30 @@ inline Bitboard isolated_pawn_mask(Square s) {
 }
 
 
-/// count_1s() counts the number of nonzero bits in a bitboard.
+/// first_1() finds the least significant nonzero bit in a nonzero bitboard.
+/// pop_1st_bit() finds and clears the least significant nonzero bit in a
+/// nonzero bitboard.
 
-#if defined(BITCOUNT_LOOP)
+#if defined(USE_BSFQ) // Assembly code by Heinz van Saanen
 
-inline int count_1s(Bitboard b) {
-  int r;
-  for(r = 0; b; r++, b &= b - 1);
-  return r;
+inline Square first_1(Bitboard b) {
+  Bitboard dummy;
+  __asm__("bsfq %1, %0": "=r"(dummy): "rm"(b) );
+  return (Square)(dummy);
 }
 
-inline int count_1s_max_15(Bitboard b) {
-  return count_1s(b);
+inline Square pop_1st_bit(Bitboard* b) {
+  const Square s = first_1(*b);
+  *b &= ~(1ULL<<s);
+  return s;
 }
 
-#elif defined(BITCOUNT_SWAR_32)
+#else // if !defined(USE_BSFQ)
 
-inline int count_1s(Bitboard b) {
-  unsigned w = unsigned(b >> 32), v = unsigned(b);
-  v = v - ((v >> 1) & 0x55555555);
-  w = w - ((w >> 1) & 0x55555555);
-  v = (v & 0x33333333) + ((v >> 2) & 0x33333333);
-  w = (w & 0x33333333) + ((w >> 2) & 0x33333333);
-  v = (v + (v >> 4)) & 0x0F0F0F0F;
-  w = (w + (w >> 4)) & 0x0F0F0F0F;
-  v = ((v+w) * 0x01010101) >> 24; // mul is fast on amd procs
-  return int(v);
-}
+extern Square first_1(Bitboard b);
+extern Square pop_1st_bit(Bitboard* b);
 
-inline int count_1s_max_15(Bitboard b) {
-  unsigned w = unsigned(b >> 32), v = unsigned(b);
-  v = v - ((v >> 1) & 0x55555555);
-  w = w - ((w >> 1) & 0x55555555);
-  v = (v & 0x33333333) + ((v >> 2) & 0x33333333);
-  w = (w & 0x33333333) + ((w >> 2) & 0x33333333);
-  v = ((v+w) * 0x11111111) >> 28;
-  return int(v);
-}
-
-#elif defined(BITCOUNT_SWAR_64)
-
-inline int count_1s(Bitboard b) {
-  b -= ((b>>1) & 0x5555555555555555ULL);
-  b = ((b>>2) & 0x3333333333333333ULL) + (b & 0x3333333333333333ULL);
-  b = ((b>>4) + b) & 0x0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0FULL;
-  b *= 0x0101010101010101ULL;
-  return int(b >> 56);
-}
-
-inline int count_1s_max_15(Bitboard b) {
-  b -= (b>>1) & 0x5555555555555555ULL;
-  b = ((b>>2) & 0x3333333333333333ULL) + (b & 0x3333333333333333ULL);
-  b *= 0x1111111111111111ULL;
-  return int(b >> 60);
-}
-
-#endif // BITCOUNT
+#endif
 
 
 ////
@@ -428,8 +349,6 @@ inline int count_1s_max_15(Bitboard b) {
 
 extern void print_bitboard(Bitboard b);
 extern void init_bitboards();
-extern Square first_1(Bitboard b);
-extern Square pop_1st_bit(Bitboard *b);
 
 
 #endif // !defined(BITBOARD_H_INCLUDED)

src/bitcount.h

@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+/*
+  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
+  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+
+  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+
+  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+  GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+
+#if !defined(BITCOUNT_H_INCLUDED)
+#define BITCOUNT_H_INCLUDED
+
+// To enable POPCNT support uncomment USE_POPCNT define. For PGO compile on a Core i7
+// you may want to collect profile data first with USE_POPCNT disabled and then, in a
+// second profiling session, with USE_POPCNT enabled so to exercise both paths. Don't
+// forget to leave USE_POPCNT enabled for the final optimized compile though ;-)
+
+//#define USE_POPCNT
+
+
+#include "types.h"
+
+// Select type of intrinsic bit count instruction to use
+
+#if defined(__INTEL_COMPILER) && defined(IS_64BIT) && defined(USE_POPCNT) // Intel compiler
+
+#include <nmmintrin.h>
+
+inline bool cpu_has_popcnt() {
+
+  int CPUInfo[4] = {-1};
+  __cpuid(CPUInfo, 0x00000001);
+  return (CPUInfo[2] >> 23) & 1;
+}
+
+// Define a dummy template to workaround a compile error if _mm_popcnt_u64() is not defined.
+//
+// If _mm_popcnt_u64() is defined in <nmmintrin.h> it will be choosen first due to
+// C++ overload rules that always prefer a function to a template with the same name.
+// If not, we avoid a compile error and because cpu_has_popcnt() should return false,
+// our templetized _mm_popcnt_u64() is never called anyway.
+template<typename T> inline unsigned _mm_popcnt_u64(T) { return 0; } // Is never called
+
+#define POPCNT_INTRINSIC(x) _mm_popcnt_u64(x)
+
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(IS_64BIT) && defined(USE_POPCNT) // Microsoft compiler
+
+#include <intrin.h>
+
+inline bool cpu_has_popcnt() {
+
+  int CPUInfo[4] = {-1};
+  __cpuid(CPUInfo, 0x00000001);
+  return (CPUInfo[2] >> 23) & 1;
+}
+
+// See comment of _mm_popcnt_u64<>() few lines above for an explanation.
+template<typename T> inline unsigned __popcnt64(T) { return 0; } // Is never called
+
+#define POPCNT_INTRINSIC(x) __popcnt64(x)
+
+#else // Safe fallback for unsupported compilers or when USE_POPCNT is disabled
+
+inline bool cpu_has_popcnt() { return false; }
+
+#define POPCNT_INTRINSIC(x) 0
+
+#endif // cpu_has_popcnt() and POPCNT_INTRINSIC() definitions
+
+
+/// Software implementation of bit count functions
+
+#if defined(IS_64BIT)
+
+inline int count_1s(Bitboard b) {
+  b -= ((b>>1) & 0x5555555555555555ULL);
+  b = ((b>>2) & 0x3333333333333333ULL) + (b & 0x3333333333333333ULL);
+  b = ((b>>4) + b) & 0x0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0FULL;
+  b *= 0x0101010101010101ULL;
+  return int(b >> 56);
+}
+
+inline int count_1s_max_15(Bitboard b) {
+  b -= (b>>1) & 0x5555555555555555ULL;
+  b = ((b>>2) & 0x3333333333333333ULL) + (b & 0x3333333333333333ULL);
+  b *= 0x1111111111111111ULL;
+  return int(b >> 60);
+}
+
+#else // if !defined(IS_64BIT)
+
+inline int count_1s(Bitboard b) {
+  unsigned w = unsigned(b >> 32), v = unsigned(b);
+  v -= (v >> 1) & 0x55555555; // 0-2 in 2 bits
+  w -= (w >> 1) & 0x55555555;
+  v = ((v >> 2) & 0x33333333) + (v & 0x33333333); // 0-4 in 4 bits
+  w = ((w >> 2) & 0x33333333) + (w & 0x33333333);
+  v = ((v >> 4) + v) & 0x0F0F0F0F; // 0-8 in 8 bits
+  v += (((w >> 4) + w) & 0x0F0F0F0F);  // 0-16 in 8 bits
+  v *= 0x01010101; // mul is fast on amd procs
+  return int(v >> 24);
+}
+
+inline int count_1s_max_15(Bitboard b) {
+  unsigned w = unsigned(b >> 32), v = unsigned(b);
+  v -= (v >> 1) & 0x55555555; // 0-2 in 2 bits
+  w -= (w >> 1) & 0x55555555;
+  v = ((v >> 2) & 0x33333333) + (v & 0x33333333); // 0-4 in 4 bits
+  w = ((w >> 2) & 0x33333333) + (w & 0x33333333);
+  v += w; // 0-8 in 4 bits
+  v *= 0x11111111;
+  return int(v >> 28);
+}
+
+#endif // BITCOUNT
+
+
+/// count_1s() counts the number of nonzero bits in a bitboard.
+/// If template parameter is true an intrinsic is called, otherwise
+/// we fallback on a software implementation.
+
+template<bool UseIntrinsic>
+inline int count_1s(Bitboard b) {
+
+  return UseIntrinsic ? POPCNT_INTRINSIC(b) : count_1s(b);
+}
+
+template<bool UseIntrinsic>
+inline int count_1s_max_15(Bitboard b) {
+
+  return UseIntrinsic ? POPCNT_INTRINSIC(b) : count_1s_max_15(b);
+}
+
+
+// Global constant initialized at startup that is set to true if
+// CPU on which application runs supports POPCNT intrinsic. Unless
+// USE_POPCNT is not defined.
+const bool CpuHasPOPCNT = cpu_has_popcnt();
+
+
+// Global constant used to print info about the use of 64 optimized
+// functions to verify that a 64 bit compile has been correctly built.
+#if defined(IS_64BIT)
+const bool CpuHas64BitPath = true;
+#else
+const bool CpuHas64BitPath = false;
+#endif
+
+#endif // !defined(BITCOUNT_H_INCLUDED)

src/book.cpp

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 #include "mersenne.h"
 #include "movegen.h"
 
+using namespace std;
 
 ////
 //// Global variables
@@ -49,7 +50,11 @@ Book OpeningBook;
 
 namespace {
 
-  /// Random numbers from PolyGlot, used to compute book hash keys.
+  /// Book entry size in bytes
+  const int EntrySize = 16;
+
+
+  /// Random numbers from PolyGlot, used to compute book hash keys
 
   const uint64_t Random64[781] = {
     0x9D39247E33776D41ULL, 0x2AF7398005AAA5C7ULL, 0x44DB015024623547ULL,
@@ -317,31 +322,20 @@ namespace {
 
 
   /// Indices to the Random64[] array
-  
-  const int RandomPiece = 0;
-  const int RandomCastle = 768;
-  const int RandomEnPassant = 772;
-  const int RandomTurn = 780;
 
-  
-  /// Convert pieces to the range 0..1
-  
-  const int PieceTo12[] = {
-    0, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 0, 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11
-  };
+  const int RandomPiece     = 0;
+  const int RandomCastle    = 768;
+  const int RandomEnPassant = 772;
+  const int RandomTurn      = 780;
 
 
   /// Prototypes
-  
-  uint64_t book_key(const Position &pos);
-  uint64_t book_piece_key(Piece p, Square s);
-  uint64_t book_castle_key(const Position &pos);
-  uint64_t book_ep_key(const Position &pos);
-  uint64_t book_color_key(const Position &pos);
 
-  uint16_t read_integer16(std::ifstream& file);
-  uint64_t read_integer64(std::ifstream& file);
-  uint64_t read_integer(std::ifstream& file, int size);
+  uint64_t book_key(const Position& pos);
+  uint64_t book_piece_key(Piece p, Square s);
+  uint64_t book_castle_key(const Position& pos);
+  uint64_t book_ep_key(const Position& pos);
+  uint64_t book_color_key(const Position& pos);
 }
 
 
@@ -350,99 +344,108 @@ namespace {
 ////
 
 
-/// Constructor
+/// Destructor. Be sure file is closed before we leave.
 
-Book::Book() : bookSize(0) {}
+Book::~Book() {
+
+  close();
+}
 
 
-/// Book::open() opens a book file with a given file name.
+/// Book::open() opens a book file with a given file name
 
-void Book::open(const std::string &fName) {
+void Book::open(const string& fName) {
+
+  // Close old file before opening the new
+  close();
 
   fileName = fName;
-  bookFile.open(fileName.c_str(), std::ifstream::in | std::ifstream::binary);
-  if (!bookFile.is_open())
+  ifstream::open(fileName.c_str(), ifstream::in | ifstream::binary);
+  if (!is_open())
       return;
 
-  bookFile.seekg(0, std::ios::end);
-  bookSize = bookFile.tellg() / 16;
-  bookFile.seekg(0, std::ios::beg);
+  // Get the book size in number of entries
+  seekg(0, ios::end);
+  bookSize = tellg() / EntrySize;
+  seekg(0, ios::beg);
 
-  if (!bookFile.good())
+  if (!good())
   {
-      std::cerr << "Failed to open book file " << fileName << std::endl;
-      exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+      cerr << "Failed to open book file " << fileName << endl;
+      Application::exit_with_failure();
   }
 }
 
 
-/// Book::close() closes the currently open book file.
+/// Book::close() closes the file only if it is open, otherwise
+/// we can end up in a little mess due to how std::ifstream works.
 
 void Book::close() {
 
-  if (bookFile.is_open())
-      bookFile.close();
-}
-
-
-/// Book::is_open() tests whether a book file has been opened.
-
-bool Book::is_open() const {
-  
-  return bookFile.is_open() && bookSize != 0;
+  if (is_open())
+      ifstream::close();
 }
 
 
 /// Book::file_name() returns the file name of the currently active book,
 /// or the empty string if no book is open.
 
-const std::string Book::file_name() const {
+const string Book::file_name() const {
 
-  return bookFile.is_open() ? fileName : "";
+  return is_open() ? fileName : "";
 }
-  
 
-/// Book::get_move() gets a book move for a given position.  Returns
+
+/// Book::get_move() gets a book move for a given position. Returns
 /// MOVE_NONE if no book move is found.
 
-Move Book::get_move(const Position &pos) const {
-  if(this->is_open()) {
-    int bestMove = 0, bestScore = 0, move, score;
-    uint64_t key = book_key(pos);
-    BookEntry entry;
+Move Book::get_move(const Position& pos) {
+
+  if (!is_open() || bookSize == 0)
+      return MOVE_NONE;
+
+  int bookMove = 0, scoresSum = 0;
+  uint64_t key = book_key(pos);
+  BookEntry entry;
+
+  // Choose a book move among the possible moves for the given position
+  for (int idx = find_key(key); idx < bookSize; idx++)
+  {
+      read_entry(entry, idx);
+      if (entry.key != key)
+          break;
+
+      int score = entry.count;
 
-    for(int i = this->find_key(key); i < bookSize; i++) {
-      this->read_entry(entry, i);
-      if(entry.key != key)
-        break;
-      move = entry.move;
-      score = entry.count;
       assert(score > 0);
 
-      bestScore += score;
-      if(int(genrand_int32() % bestScore) < score)
-        bestMove = move;
-    }
-
-    if(bestMove != 0) {
-      MoveStack moves[256];
-      int n, j;
-      n = generate_legal_moves(pos, moves);
-      for(j = 0; j < n; j++)
-        if((int(moves[j].move) & 07777) == bestMove)
-          return moves[j].move;
-    }
+      // Choose book move according to its score. If a move has a very
+      // high score it has more probability to be choosen then a one with
+      // lower score. Note that first entry is always chosen.
+      scoresSum += score;
+      if (int(genrand_int32() % scoresSum) < score)
+          bookMove = entry.move;
   }
+  if (!bookMove)
+      return MOVE_NONE;
+
+  MoveStack mlist[256];
+  MoveStack* last = generate_moves(pos, mlist);
+  for (MoveStack* cur = mlist; cur != last; cur++)
+      if ((int(cur->move) & 07777) == bookMove)
+          return cur->move;
+
   return MOVE_NONE;
 }
 
 
 /// Book::find_key() takes a book key as input, and does a binary search
-/// through the book file for the given key.  The index to the first book
-/// entry with the same key as the input is returned.  When the key is not
+/// through the book file for the given key. The index to the first book
+/// entry with the same key as the input is returned. When the key is not
 /// found in the book file, bookSize is returned.
 
-int Book::find_key(uint64_t key) const {
+int Book::find_key(uint64_t key) {
+
   int left, right, mid;
   BookEntry entry;
 
@@ -452,46 +455,59 @@ int Book::find_key(uint64_t key) const {
 
   assert(left <= right);
 
-  while(left < right) {
-    mid = (left + right) / 2;
-    assert(mid >= left && mid < right);
+  while (left < right)
+  {
+      mid = (left + right) / 2;
 
-    this->read_entry(entry, mid);
+      assert(mid >= left && mid < right);
 
-    if(key <= entry.key)
-      right = mid;
-    else
-      left = mid + 1;
+      read_entry(entry, mid);
+      if (key <= entry.key)
+          right = mid;
+      else
+          left = mid + 1;
   }
 
   assert(left == right);
 
-  this->read_entry(entry, left);
-
+  read_entry(entry, left);
   return (entry.key == key)? left : bookSize;
 }
 
 
 /// Book::read_entry() takes a BookEntry reference and an integer index as
 /// input, and looks up the opening book entry at the given index in the book
-/// file.  The book entry is copied to the first input parameter.
+/// file. The book entry is copied to the first input parameter.
 
-void Book::read_entry(BookEntry& entry, int n) const {
+void Book::read_entry(BookEntry& entry, int idx) {
 
-  assert(n >= 0 && n < bookSize);
-  assert(bookFile.is_open());
+  assert(idx >= 0 && idx < bookSize);
+  assert(is_open());
 
-  bookFile.seekg(n*16, std::ios_base::beg);
-  if (!bookFile.good())
+  seekg(idx * EntrySize, ios_base::beg);
+  *this >> entry;
+  if (!good())
   {
-    std::cerr << "Failed to read book entry at index " << n << std::endl;
-    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+      cerr << "Failed to read book entry at index " << idx << endl;
+      Application::exit_with_failure();
   }
-  entry.key = read_integer64(bookFile);
-  entry.move = read_integer16(bookFile);
-  entry.count = read_integer16(bookFile);
-  entry.n = read_integer16(bookFile);
-  entry.sum = read_integer16(bookFile);
+}
+
+
+/// Book::read_integer() reads size chars from the file stream
+/// and converts them in an integer number.
+
+uint64_t Book::read_integer(int size) {
+
+  char buf[8];
+  read(buf, size);
+
+  // Numbers are stored on disk as a binary byte stream
+  uint64_t n = 0ULL;
+  for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
+      n = (n << 8) + (unsigned char)buf[i];
+
+  return n;
 }
 
 
@@ -501,92 +517,67 @@ void Book::read_entry(BookEntry& entry, int n) const {
 
 namespace {
 
-  uint64_t book_key(const Position &pos) {
+  uint64_t book_key(const Position& pos) {
+
     uint64_t result = 0ULL;
 
-    for(Color c = WHITE; c <= BLACK; c++) {
-      Bitboard b = pos.pieces_of_color(c);
-      Square s;
-      Piece p;
-      while(b != EmptyBoardBB) {
-        s = pop_1st_bit(&b);
-        p = pos.piece_on(s);
-        assert(piece_is_ok(p));
-        assert(color_of_piece(p) == c);
+    for (Color c = WHITE; c <= BLACK; c++)
+    {
+        Bitboard b = pos.pieces_of_color(c);
 
-        result ^= book_piece_key(p, s);
-      }
+        while (b)
+        {
+            Square s = pop_1st_bit(&b);
+            Piece p = pos.piece_on(s);
+
+            assert(piece_is_ok(p));
+            assert(color_of_piece(p) == c);
+
+            result ^= book_piece_key(p, s);
+        }
     }
-
     result ^= book_castle_key(pos);
     result ^= book_ep_key(pos);
     result ^= book_color_key(pos);
-
     return result;
   }
-        
+
 
   uint64_t book_piece_key(Piece p, Square s) {
-    return Random64[RandomPiece + (PieceTo12[int(p)]^1)*64 + int(s)];
+
+    /// Convert pieces to the range 0..11
+    static const int PieceTo12[] = { 0, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 0, 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 };
+
+    return Random64[RandomPiece + (PieceTo12[int(p)]^1) * 64 + int(s)];
   }
 
 
-  uint64_t book_castle_key(const Position &pos) {
+  uint64_t book_castle_key(const Position& pos) {
+
     uint64_t result = 0ULL;
 
-    if(pos.can_castle_kingside(WHITE))
-      result ^= Random64[RandomCastle+0];
-    if(pos.can_castle_queenside(WHITE))
-      result ^= Random64[RandomCastle+1];
-    if(pos.can_castle_kingside(BLACK))
-      result ^= Random64[RandomCastle+2];
-    if(pos.can_castle_queenside(BLACK))
-      result ^= Random64[RandomCastle+3];
+    if (pos.can_castle_kingside(WHITE))
+        result ^= Random64[RandomCastle+0];
+
+    if (pos.can_castle_queenside(WHITE))
+        result ^= Random64[RandomCastle+1];
+
+    if (pos.can_castle_kingside(BLACK))
+        result ^= Random64[RandomCastle+2];
+
+    if (pos.can_castle_queenside(BLACK))
+        result ^= Random64[RandomCastle+3];
+
     return result;
   }
 
-  
-  uint64_t book_ep_key(const Position &pos) {
-    return (pos.ep_square() == SQ_NONE)?
-      0ULL : Random64[RandomEnPassant + square_file(pos.ep_square())];
-  }
 
-  
-  uint64_t book_color_key(const Position &pos) {
-    return (pos.side_to_move() == WHITE)? Random64[RandomTurn] : 0ULL;
-  }
-  
-
-  uint16_t read_integer16(std::ifstream& file) {
-    
-    uint64_t n = read_integer(file, 2);
-    assert(n == (uint16_t)n);
-    return (uint16_t)n;      
+  uint64_t book_ep_key(const Position& pos) {
+    return (pos.ep_square() == SQ_NONE ? 0ULL : Random64[RandomEnPassant + square_file(pos.ep_square())]);
   }
 
 
-  uint64_t read_integer64(std::ifstream& file) {
-    
-    return read_integer(file, 8);      
-  }
-
-
-  uint64_t read_integer(std::ifstream& file, int size) {
-
-    char buf[8];
-    file.read(buf, size);
-
-    if (!file.good())
-    {
-        std::cerr << "Failed to read " << size << " bytes from book file"
-                  << std::endl;
-        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-    }
-    // Numbers are stored in little endian format
-    uint64_t n = 0ULL;
-    for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
-        n = (n << 8) + (unsigned char)buf[i];
-
-    return n;
+  uint64_t book_color_key(const Position& pos) {
+    return (pos.side_to_move() == WHITE ? Random64[RandomTurn] : 0ULL);
   }
 }

src/book.h

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
@@ -52,31 +52,24 @@ struct BookEntry {
   uint16_t sum;
 };
 
-class Book {
-
+class Book : private std::ifstream {
 public:
-  // Constructors
-  Book();
-
-  // Open and close book files
-  void open(const std::string &fName);
+  ~Book();
+  void open(const std::string& fName);
   void close();
-
-  // Testing if a book is opened
-  bool is_open() const;
-
-  // The file name of the currently active book
   const std::string file_name() const;
-
-  // Get a book move for a given position
-  Move get_move(const Position &pos) const;
+  Move get_move(const Position& pos);
 
 private:
-  int find_key(uint64_t key) const;
-  void read_entry(BookEntry &entry, int n) const;
+  Book& operator>>(uint64_t& n) { n = read_integer(8); return *this; }
+  Book& operator>>(uint16_t& n) { n = (uint16_t)read_integer(2); return *this; }
+  void operator>>(BookEntry& e) { *this >> e.key >> e.move >> e.count >> e.n >> e.sum; }
+
+  uint64_t read_integer(int size);
+  void read_entry(BookEntry& e, int n);
+  int find_key(uint64_t key);
 
   std::string fileName;
-  mutable std::ifstream bookFile;
   int bookSize;
 };
 

src/color.cpp

@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-/*
-  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
-  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
-
-  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-  (at your option) any later version.
-  
-  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-  GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
-  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-*/
-
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
-#include "color.h"
-
-
-////
-//// Functions
-////
-
-/// color_is_ok(), for debugging:
-
-bool color_is_ok(Color c) {
-  return c == WHITE || c == BLACK;
-}

src/color.h

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
@@ -21,20 +21,14 @@
 #if !defined(COLOR_H_INCLUDED)
 #define COLOR_H_INCLUDED
 
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
-#include "misc.h"
-
 
 ////
 //// Types
 ////
 
 enum Color {
-  WHITE, 
-  BLACK, 
+  WHITE,
+  BLACK,
   COLOR_NONE
 };
 
@@ -43,19 +37,14 @@ enum Color {
 //// Inline functions
 ////
 
-inline Color operator+ (Color c, int i) { return Color(int(c) + i); }
-inline void operator++ (Color &c, int i) { c = Color(int(c) + 1); }
+inline void operator++ (Color &c, int) { c = Color(int(c) + 1); }
 
 inline Color opposite_color(Color c) {
   return Color(int(c) ^ 1);
 }
 
-
-////
-//// Prototypes
-////
-
-extern bool color_is_ok(Color c);
-
+inline bool color_is_ok(Color c) {
+  return c == WHITE || c == BLACK;
+}
 
 #endif // !defined(COLOR_H_INCLUDED)

src/depth.h

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
@@ -35,9 +35,6 @@ enum Depth {
 //// Constants
 ////
 
-/// Note: If OnePly is changed, the constant HistoryMax in history.h should
-/// probably also be changed.
-
 const Depth OnePly = Depth(2);
 
 

src/direction.cpp

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
@@ -26,6 +26,32 @@
 #include "square.h"
 
 
+////
+//// Local definitions
+////
+
+namespace {
+
+  const SquareDelta directionToDelta[] = {
+      DELTA_E, DELTA_W, DELTA_N, DELTA_S, DELTA_NE, DELTA_SW, DELTA_NW, DELTA_SE
+  };
+
+  bool reachable(Square orig, Square dest, SignedDirection dir) {
+
+    SquareDelta delta = directionToDelta[dir];
+    Square from = orig;
+    Square to = from + delta;
+    while (to != dest && square_distance(to, from) == 1 && square_is_ok(to))
+    {
+        from = to;
+        to += delta;
+    }
+    return (to == dest && square_distance(from, to) == 1);
+  }
+
+}
+
+
 ////
 //// Variables
 ////
@@ -39,25 +65,23 @@ uint8_t SignedDirectionTable[64][64];
 ////
 
 void init_direction_table() {
-  SquareDelta deltas[8] = {
-    DELTA_E, DELTA_W, DELTA_N, DELTA_S, DELTA_NE, DELTA_SW, DELTA_NW, DELTA_SE
-  };
-  for(Square s1 = SQ_A1; s1 <= SQ_H8; s1++)
-    for(Square s2 = SQ_A1; s2 <= SQ_H8; s2++) {
-      DirectionTable[s1][s2] = uint8_t(DIR_NONE);
-      SignedDirectionTable[s1][s2] = uint8_t(SIGNED_DIR_NONE);
-      if(s1 == s2) continue;
-      for(SignedDirection d = SIGNED_DIR_E; d <= SIGNED_DIR_SE; d++) {
-        SquareDelta delta = deltas[d];
-        Square s3, s4;
-        for(s4 = s1 + delta, s3 = s1;
-            square_distance(s4, s3) == 1 && s4 != s2 && square_is_ok(s4);
-            s3 = s4, s4 += delta);
-        if(s4 == s2 && square_distance(s4, s3) == 1) {
-          SignedDirectionTable[s1][s2] = uint8_t(d);
-          DirectionTable[s1][s2] = uint8_t(d/2);
-          break;
-        }
+
+  for (Square s1 = SQ_A1; s1 <= SQ_H8; s1++)
+      for (Square s2 = SQ_A1; s2 <= SQ_H8; s2++)
+      {
+          DirectionTable[s1][s2] = uint8_t(DIR_NONE);
+          SignedDirectionTable[s1][s2] = uint8_t(SIGNED_DIR_NONE);
+          if (s1 == s2)
+              continue;
+
+          for (SignedDirection d = SIGNED_DIR_E; d != SIGNED_DIR_NONE; d++)
+          {
+              if (reachable(s1, s2, d))
+              {
+                  SignedDirectionTable[s1][s2] = uint8_t(d);
+                  DirectionTable[s1][s2] = uint8_t(d / 2);
+                  break;
+              }
+          }
       }
-    }
 }

src/direction.h

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
@@ -38,8 +38,8 @@ enum Direction {
 };
 
 enum SignedDirection {
-  SIGNED_DIR_E = 0, SIGNED_DIR_W = 1,
-  SIGNED_DIR_N = 2, SIGNED_DIR_S = 3,
+  SIGNED_DIR_E  = 0, SIGNED_DIR_W  = 1,
+  SIGNED_DIR_N  = 2, SIGNED_DIR_S  = 3,
   SIGNED_DIR_NE = 4, SIGNED_DIR_SW = 5,
   SIGNED_DIR_NW = 6, SIGNED_DIR_SE = 7,
   SIGNED_DIR_NONE = 8
@@ -58,9 +58,11 @@ extern uint8_t SignedDirectionTable[64][64];
 //// Inline functions
 ////
 
-inline void operator++ (Direction &d, int) { d = Direction(int(d) + 1); }
+inline void operator++ (Direction& d, int) {
+  d = Direction(int(d) + 1);
+}
 
-inline void operator++ (SignedDirection &d, int) {
+inline void operator++ (SignedDirection& d, int) {
   d = SignedDirection(int(d) + 1);
 }
 
@@ -72,6 +74,13 @@ inline SignedDirection signed_direction_between_squares(Square s1, Square s2) {
   return SignedDirection(SignedDirectionTable[s1][s2]);
 }
 
+inline int direction_is_diagonal(Square s1, Square s2) {
+  return DirectionTable[s1][s2] & 2;
+}
+
+inline bool direction_is_straight(Square s1, Square s2) {
+  return DirectionTable[s1][s2] < 2;
+}
 
 ////
 //// Prototypes

src/endgame.h

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
@@ -34,204 +34,67 @@
 //// Types
 ////
 
-/// Abstract base class for all special endgame evaluation functions:
+enum EndgameType {
 
-class EndgameEvaluationFunction {
+    // Evaluation functions
+    KXK,   // Generic "mate lone king" eval
+    KBNK,  // KBN vs K
+    KPK,   // KP vs K
+    KRKP,  // KR vs KP
+    KRKB,  // KR vs KB
+    KRKN,  // KR vs KN
+    KQKR,  // KQ vs KR
+    KBBKN, // KBB vs KN
+    KNNK,  // KNN vs K
+    KmmKm, // K and two minors vs K and one or two minors
+
+    // Scaling functions
+    KBPsK,   // KB+pawns vs K
+    KQKRPs,  // KQ vs KR+pawns
+    KRPKR,   // KRP vs KR
+    KRPPKRP, // KRPP vs KRP
+    KPsK,    // King and pawns vs king
+    KBPKB,   // KBP vs KB
+    KBPPKB,  // KBPP vs KB
+    KBPKN,   // KBP vs KN
+    KNPK,    // KNP vs K
+    KPKP     // KP vs KP
+};
+
+/// Template abstract base class for all special endgame functions
+
+template<typename T>
+class EndgameFunctionBase {
 public:
-  EndgameEvaluationFunction(Color c);
-  virtual ~EndgameEvaluationFunction() { }
-
-  virtual Value apply(const Position &pos) =0;
+  EndgameFunctionBase(Color c) : strongerSide(c), weakerSide(opposite_color(c)) {}
+  virtual ~EndgameFunctionBase() {}
+  virtual T apply(const Position&) = 0;
+  Color color() const { return strongerSide; }
 
 protected:
   Color strongerSide, weakerSide;
 };
 
+typedef EndgameFunctionBase<Value> EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase;
+typedef EndgameFunctionBase<ScaleFactor> EndgameScalingFunctionBase;
 
-/// Subclasses for various concrete endgames:
 
-// Generic "mate lone king" eval:
-class KXKEvaluationFunction : public EndgameEvaluationFunction {
-public:
-  KXKEvaluationFunction(Color c);
-  Value apply(const Position &pos);
+/// Templates subclass for various concrete endgames
+
+template<EndgameType>
+struct EvaluationFunction : public EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase {
+  typedef EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase Base;
+  explicit EvaluationFunction(Color c): EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase(c) {}
+  Value apply(const Position&);
 };
 
-// KBN vs K:
-class KBNKEvaluationFunction : public EndgameEvaluationFunction {
-public:
-  KBNKEvaluationFunction(Color c);
-  Value apply(const Position &pos);
+template<EndgameType>
+struct ScalingFunction : public EndgameScalingFunctionBase {
+  typedef EndgameScalingFunctionBase Base;
+  explicit ScalingFunction(Color c) : EndgameScalingFunctionBase(c) {}
+  ScaleFactor apply(const Position&);
 };
 
-// KP vs K:
-class KPKEvaluationFunction : public EndgameEvaluationFunction {
-public:
-  KPKEvaluationFunction(Color c);
-  Value apply(const Position &pos);
-};
-
-// KR vs KP:
-class KRKPEvaluationFunction : public EndgameEvaluationFunction {
-public:
-  KRKPEvaluationFunction(Color c);
-  Value apply(const Position &pos);
-};
-
-// KR vs KB:
-class KRKBEvaluationFunction : public EndgameEvaluationFunction {
-public:
-  KRKBEvaluationFunction(Color c);
-  Value apply(const Position &pos);
-};
-
-// KR vs KN:
-class KRKNEvaluationFunction : public EndgameEvaluationFunction {
-public:
-  KRKNEvaluationFunction(Color c);
-  Value apply(const Position &pos);
-};
-
-// KQ vs KR:
-class KQKREvaluationFunction : public EndgameEvaluationFunction {
-public:
-  KQKREvaluationFunction(Color c);
-  Value apply(const Position &pos);
-};
-
-
-/// Abstract base class for all evaluation scaling functions:
-
-class ScalingFunction {
-public:
-  ScalingFunction(Color c);
-  virtual ~ScalingFunction() { }
-
-  virtual ScaleFactor apply(const Position &pos) =0;
-
-protected:
-  Color strongerSide, weakerSide;
-};
-
-
-/// Subclasses for various concrete endgames:
-
-// KBP vs K:
-class KBPKScalingFunction : public ScalingFunction {
-public:
-  KBPKScalingFunction(Color c);
-  ScaleFactor apply(const Position &pos);
-};
-
-// KQ vs KRP:
-class KQKRPScalingFunction: public ScalingFunction {
-public:
-  KQKRPScalingFunction(Color c);
-  ScaleFactor apply(const Position &pos);
-};
-
-// KRP vs KR:
-class KRPKRScalingFunction : public ScalingFunction {
-public:
-  KRPKRScalingFunction(Color c);
-  ScaleFactor apply(const Position &pos);
-};
-
-// KRPP vs KRP:
-class KRPPKRPScalingFunction : public ScalingFunction {
-public:
-  KRPPKRPScalingFunction(Color c);
-  ScaleFactor apply(const Position &pos);
-};
-
-// King and pawns vs king:
-class KPsKScalingFunction : public ScalingFunction {
-public:
-  KPsKScalingFunction(Color c);
-  ScaleFactor apply(const Position &pos);
-};
-
-// KBP vs KB:
-class KBPKBScalingFunction : public ScalingFunction {
-public:
-  KBPKBScalingFunction(Color c);
-  ScaleFactor apply(const Position &pos);
-};
-
-// KBP vs KN:
-class KBPKNScalingFunction : public ScalingFunction {
-public:
-  KBPKNScalingFunction(Color c);
-  ScaleFactor apply(const Position &pos);
-};
-
-// KNP vs K:
-class KNPKScalingFunction : public ScalingFunction {
-public:
-  KNPKScalingFunction(Color c);
-  ScaleFactor apply(const Position &pos);
-};
-
-// KP vs KP:
-class KPKPScalingFunction : public ScalingFunction {
-public:
-  KPKPScalingFunction(Color c);
-  ScaleFactor apply(const Position &pos);
-};
-
-
-////
-//// Constants and variables
-////
-
-// Generic "mate lone king" eval:
-extern KXKEvaluationFunction EvaluateKXK, EvaluateKKX;
-
-// KBN vs K:
-extern KBNKEvaluationFunction EvaluateKBNK, EvaluateKKBN;
-
-// KP vs K:
-extern KPKEvaluationFunction EvaluateKPK, EvaluateKKP;
-
-// KR vs KP:
-extern KRKPEvaluationFunction EvaluateKRKP, EvaluateKPKR;
-
-// KR vs KB:
-extern KRKBEvaluationFunction EvaluateKRKB, EvaluateKBKR;
-
-// KR vs KN:
-extern KRKNEvaluationFunction EvaluateKRKN, EvaluateKNKR;
-
-// KQ vs KR:
-extern KQKREvaluationFunction EvaluateKQKR, EvaluateKRKQ;
-
-// KBP vs K:
-extern KBPKScalingFunction ScaleKBPK, ScaleKKBP;
-
-// KQ vs KRP:
-extern KQKRPScalingFunction ScaleKQKRP, ScaleKRPKQ;
-
-// KRP vs KR:
-extern KRPKRScalingFunction ScaleKRPKR, ScaleKRKRP;
-
-// KRPP vs KRP:
-extern KRPPKRPScalingFunction ScaleKRPPKRP, ScaleKRPKRPP;
-
-// King and pawns vs king:
-extern KPsKScalingFunction ScaleKPsK, ScaleKKPs;
-
-// KBP vs KB:
-extern KBPKBScalingFunction ScaleKBPKB, ScaleKBKBP;
-
-// KBP vs KN:
-extern KBPKNScalingFunction ScaleKBPKN, ScaleKNKBP;
-
-// KNP vs K:
-extern KNPKScalingFunction ScaleKNPK, ScaleKKNP;
-
-// KP vs KP:
-extern KPKPScalingFunction ScaleKPKPw, ScaleKPKPb;
-
 
 ////
 //// Prototypes

src/evaluate.h

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
@@ -27,41 +27,42 @@
 
 #include "material.h"
 #include "pawns.h"
-#include "position.h"
 
 
 ////
 //// Types
 ////
 
+
 /// The EvalInfo struct contains various information computed and collected
-/// by the evaluation function.  An EvalInfo object is passed as one of the
+/// by the evaluation function. An EvalInfo object is passed as one of the
 /// arguments to the evaluation function, and the search can make use of its
 /// contents to make intelligent search decisions.
 ///
-/// At the moment, this is not utilized very much:  The only part of the
+/// At the moment, this is not utilized very much: The only part of the
 /// EvalInfo object which is used by the search is futilityMargin.
+class Position;
 
 struct EvalInfo {
-  
-  // Middle game and endgame evaluations:
+
+  // Middle game and endgame evaluations
   Value mgValue, egValue;
 
-  // Pointers to material and pawn hash table entries:
-  MaterialInfo *mi;
-  PawnInfo *pi;
+  // Pointers to material and pawn hash table entries
+  MaterialInfo* mi;
+  PawnInfo* pi;
 
   // attackedBy[color][piece type] is a bitboard representing all squares
-  // attacked by a given color and piece type.  attackedBy[color][0] contains
+  // attacked by a given color and piece type, attackedBy[color][0] contains
   // all squares attacked by the given color.
   Bitboard attackedBy[2][8];
   Bitboard attacked_by(Color c) const { return attackedBy[c][0]; }
   Bitboard attacked_by(Color c, PieceType pt) const { return attackedBy[c][pt]; }
 
   // kingZone[color] is the zone around the enemy king which is considered
-  // by the king safety evaluation.  This consists of the squares directly
+  // by the king safety evaluation. This consists of the squares directly
   // adjacent to the king, and the three (or two, for a king on an edge file)
-  // squares two ranks in front of the king.  For instance, if black's king
+  // squares two ranks in front of the king. For instance, if black's king
   // is on g8, kingZone[WHITE] is a bitboard containing the squares f8, h8,
   // f7, g7, h7, f6, g6 and h6.
   Bitboard kingZone[2];
@@ -90,8 +91,8 @@ struct EvalInfo {
   // Middle game and endgame mobility scores.
   Value mgMobility, egMobility;
 
-  // Extra futility margin.  This is added to the standard futility margin
-  // in the quiescence search.  
+  // Extra futility margin. This is added to the standard futility margin
+  // in the quiescence search.
   Value futilityMargin;
 };
 
@@ -100,8 +101,8 @@ struct EvalInfo {
 //// Prototypes
 ////
 
-extern Value evaluate(const Position &pos, EvalInfo &ei, int threadID);
-extern Value quick_evaluate(const Position &pos);
+extern Value evaluate(const Position& pos, EvalInfo& ei, int threadID);
+extern Value quick_evaluate(const Position& pos);
 extern void init_eval(int threads);
 extern void quit_eval();
 extern void read_weights(Color sideToMove);

src/history.cpp

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 ////
 
 #include <cassert>
+#include <cstring>
 
 #include "history.h"
 
@@ -31,14 +32,13 @@
 //// Functions
 ////
 
+
 /// Constructor
 
-History::History() {
-  this->clear();
-}
+History::History() { clear(); }
 
 
-/// History::clear() clears the history tables.
+/// History::clear() clears the history tables
 
 void History::clear() {
   memset(history, 0, 2 * 8 * 64 * sizeof(int));
@@ -47,55 +47,59 @@ void History::clear() {
 }
 
 
-/// History::success() registers a move as being successful.  This is done
+/// History::success() registers a move as being successful. This is done
 /// whenever a non-capturing move causes a beta cutoff in the main search.
-/// The three parameters are the moving piece, the move itself, and the
-/// search depth.
+/// The three parameters are the moving piece, the destination square, and
+/// the search depth.
+
+void History::success(Piece p, Square to, Depth d) {
 
-void History::success(Piece p, Move m, Depth d) {
   assert(piece_is_ok(p));
-  assert(move_is_ok(m));
+  assert(square_is_ok(to));
 
-  history[p][move_to(m)] += int(d) * int(d);
-  successCount[p][move_to(m)]++;
+  history[p][to] += int(d) * int(d);
+  successCount[p][to]++;
 
-  // Prevent history overflow:
-  if(history[p][move_to(m)] >= HistoryMax)
-    for(int i = 0; i < 16; i++)
-      for(int j = 0; j < 64; j++)
-        history[i][j] /= 2;
+  // Prevent history overflow
+  if (history[p][to] >= HistoryMax)
+      for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++)
+          for (int j = 0; j < 64; j++)
+              history[i][j] /= 4;
 }
 
 
-/// History::failure() registers a move as being unsuccessful.  The function is
+/// History::failure() registers a move as being unsuccessful. The function is
 /// called for each non-capturing move which failed to produce a beta cutoff
 /// at a node where a beta cutoff was finally found.
 
-void History::failure(Piece p, Move m) {
-  assert(piece_is_ok(p));
-  assert(move_is_ok(m));
+void History::failure(Piece p, Square to) {
 
-  failureCount[p][move_to(m)]++;
+  assert(piece_is_ok(p));
+  assert(square_is_ok(to));
+
+  failureCount[p][to]++;
 }
 
 
 /// History::move_ordering_score() returns an integer value used to order the
 /// non-capturing moves in the MovePicker class.
 
-int History::move_ordering_score(Piece p, Move m) const {
-  assert(piece_is_ok(p));
-  assert(move_is_ok(m));
+int History::move_ordering_score(Piece p, Square to) const {
 
-  return history[p][move_to(m)];
+  assert(piece_is_ok(p));
+  assert(square_is_ok(to));
+
+  return history[p][to];
 }
 
 
 /// History::ok_to_prune() decides whether a move has been sufficiently
-/// unsuccessful that it makes sense to prune it entirely. 
+/// unsuccessful that it makes sense to prune it entirely.
+
+bool History::ok_to_prune(Piece p, Square to, Depth d) const {
 
-bool History::ok_to_prune(Piece p, Move m, Depth d) const {
   assert(piece_is_ok(p));
-  assert(move_is_ok(m));
+  assert(square_is_ok(to));
 
-  return (int(d) * successCount[p][move_to(m)] < failureCount[p][move_to(m)]);
+  return (int(d) * successCount[p][to] < failureCount[p][to]);
 }

src/history.h

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
@@ -34,19 +34,22 @@
 //// Types
 ////
 
-/// The History class stores statistics about how often different moves have
-/// been successful or unsuccessful during the current search.  These
-/// statistics are used for reduction and move ordering decisions.
+/// The History class stores statistics about how often different moves
+/// have been successful or unsuccessful during the current search. These
+/// statistics are used for reduction and move ordering decisions. History
+/// entries are stored according only to moving piece and destination square,
+/// in particular two moves with different origin but same destination and
+/// same piece will be considered identical.
 
 class History {
 
 public:
   History();
   void clear();
-  void success(Piece p, Move m, Depth d);
-  void failure(Piece p, Move m);
-  int move_ordering_score(Piece p, Move m) const;
-  bool ok_to_prune(Piece p, Move m, Depth d) const;
+  void success(Piece p, Square to, Depth d);
+  void failure(Piece p, Square to);
+  int move_ordering_score(Piece p, Square to) const;
+  bool ok_to_prune(Piece p, Square to, Depth d) const;
 
 private:
   int history[16][64];  // [piece][square]
@@ -61,17 +64,13 @@ private:
 
 /// HistoryMax controls how often the history counters will be scaled down:
 /// When the history score for a move gets bigger than HistoryMax, all
-/// entries in the table are divided by 2.  It is difficult to guess what
-/// the ideal value of this constant is.  Scaling down the scores often has
+/// entries in the table are divided by 2. It is difficult to guess what
+/// the ideal value of this constant is. Scaling down the scores often has
 /// the effect that parts of the search tree which have been searched
 /// recently have a bigger importance for move ordering than the moves which
 /// have been searched a long time ago.
-///
-/// Note that HistoryMax should probably be changed whenever the constant
-/// OnePly in depth.h is changed.  This is somewhat annoying.  Perhaps it
-/// would be better to scale down the history table at regular intervals?
 
-const int HistoryMax = 50000;
+const int HistoryMax = 25000 * OnePly;
 
 
 #endif // !defined(HISTORY_H_INCLUDED)

src/lock.h

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 
 // x86 assembly language locks or OS spin locks may perform faster than
-// mutex locks on some platforms.  On my machine, mutexes seem to be the
+// mutex locks on some platforms. On my machine, mutexes seem to be the
 // best.
 
 //#define ASM_LOCK
@@ -86,8 +86,9 @@ typedef pthread_mutex_t Lock;
 
 #else
 
-
-#  include <windows.h>
+#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+#include <windows.h>
+#undef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
 
 typedef CRITICAL_SECTION Lock;
 #  define lock_init(x, y) InitializeCriticalSection(x)

src/main.cpp

@@ -1,96 +1,89 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
+// To profile with callgrind uncomment following line
+//#define USE_CALLGRIND
+
 
 ////
 //// Includes
 ////
 
 #include <iostream>
+#include <string>
 
 #include "benchmark.h"
-#include "bitboard.h"
-#include "direction.h"
-#include "endgame.h"
-#include "evaluate.h"
-#include "material.h"
-#include "mersenne.h"
+#include "bitcount.h"
 #include "misc.h"
-#include "movepick.h"
-#include "position.h"
-#include "search.h"
-#include "thread.h"
 #include "uci.h"
-#include "ucioption.h"
 
-using std::string;
+#ifdef USE_CALLGRIND
+#include <valgrind/callgrind.h>
+#endif
 
-//// 
+using namespace std;
+
+
+////
 //// Functions
 ////
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 
   // Disable IO buffering
-  std::cout.rdbuf()->pubsetbuf(NULL, 0);
-  std::cin.rdbuf()->pubsetbuf(NULL, 0);
+  cout.rdbuf()->pubsetbuf(NULL, 0);
+  cin.rdbuf()->pubsetbuf(NULL, 0);
 
-  // Initialization
+  // Initialization through global resources manager
+  Application::initialize();
 
-  init_mersenne();
-  init_direction_table();
-  init_bitboards();
-  init_uci_options();
-  Position::init_zobrist();
-  Position::init_piece_square_tables();
-  MovePicker::init_phase_table();
-  init_eval(1);
-  init_bitbases();
-  init_threads();
+#ifdef USE_CALLGRIND
+  CALLGRIND_START_INSTRUMENTATION;
+#endif
 
-  // Make random number generation less deterministic, for book moves
-  for (int i = abs(get_system_time() % 10000); i > 0; i--)
-      genrand_int32();
-
-  // Process command line arguments
-  if (argc >= 2 && string(argv[1]) == "bench")
+  // Process command line arguments if any
+  if (argc > 1)
   {
-      if (argc < 4 || argc > 6)
+      if (string(argv[1]) != "bench" || argc < 4 || argc > 8)
+          cout << "Usage: stockfish bench <hash size> <threads> "
+               << "[time = 60s] [fen positions file = default] "
+               << "[time, depth or node limited = time] "
+               << "[timing file name = none]" << endl;
+      else
       {
-        std::cout << "Usage: glaurung bench <hash size> <threads> "
-                  << "[time = 60s] [fen positions file = default]"
-                  << std::endl;
-        exit(0);
+          string time = argc > 4 ? argv[4] : "60";
+          string fen = argc > 5 ? argv[5] : "default";
+          string lim = argc > 6 ? argv[6] : "time";
+          string tim = argc > 7 ? argv[7] : "";
+          benchmark(string(argv[2]) + " " + string(argv[3]) + " " + time + " " + fen + " " + lim + " " + tim);
       }
-      string time = argc > 4 ? argv[4] : "60";
-      string fen = argc > 5 ? argv[5] : "default";
-      benchmark(string(argv[2]) + " " + string(argv[3]) + " " + time + " " + fen);
       return 0;
   }
 
   // Print copyright notice
-  std::cout << engine_name() << ".  Copyright (C) "
-            << "2004-2008 Tord Romstad, Marco Costalba. "
-            << std::endl;
+  cout << engine_name()
+       << ". By Tord Romstad, Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski." << endl;
+
+  if (CpuHasPOPCNT)
+      cout << "Good! CPU has hardware POPCNT. We will use it." << endl;
 
   // Enter UCI mode
   uci_main_loop();
-
   return 0;
 }

src/material.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -23,10 +23,13 @@
 ////
 
 #include <cassert>
+#include <sstream>
 #include <map>
 
 #include "material.h"
 
+using namespace std;
+
 
 ////
 //// Local definitions
@@ -34,80 +37,95 @@
 
 namespace {
 
-  const Value BishopPairMidgameBonus = Value(100);
-  const Value BishopPairEndgameBonus = Value(100);
+  // Polynomial material balance parameters
+  const Value RedundantQueenPenalty = Value(320);
+  const Value RedundantRookPenalty  = Value(554);
+  const int LinearCoefficients[6]   = { 1617, -162, -1172, -190, 105, 26 };
 
-  Key KNNKMaterialKey, KKNNMaterialKey;
+  const int QuadraticCoefficientsSameColor[][6] = {
+  { 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7 }, { 39, 2, 7, 7, 7, 7 }, { 35, 271, -4, 7, 7, 7 },
+  { 7, 25, 4, 7, 7, 7 }, { -27, -2, 46, 100, 56, 7 }, { 58, 29, 83, 148, -3, -25 } };
 
+  const int QuadraticCoefficientsOppositeColor[][6] = {
+  { 41, 41, 41, 41, 41, 41 }, { 37, 41, 41, 41, 41, 41 }, { 10, 62, 41, 41, 41, 41 },
+  { 57, 64, 39, 41, 41, 41 }, { 50, 40, 23, -22, 41, 41 }, { 106, 101, 3, 151, 171, 41 } };
+
+  // Named endgame evaluation and scaling functions, these
+  // are accessed direcly and not through the function maps.
+  EvaluationFunction<KmmKm> EvaluateKmmKm(WHITE);
+  EvaluationFunction<KXK>   EvaluateKXK(WHITE), EvaluateKKX(BLACK);
+  ScalingFunction<KBPsK>    ScaleKBPsK(WHITE),  ScaleKKBPs(BLACK);
+  ScalingFunction<KQKRPs>   ScaleKQKRPs(WHITE), ScaleKRPsKQ(BLACK);
+  ScalingFunction<KPsK>     ScaleKPsK(WHITE),   ScaleKKPs(BLACK);
+  ScalingFunction<KPKP>     ScaleKPKPw(WHITE),  ScaleKPKPb(BLACK);
+
+  typedef EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase EF;
+  typedef EndgameScalingFunctionBase SF;
 }
 
+
 ////
 //// Classes
 ////
 
-
-/// See header for a class description. It is declared here to avoid
-/// to include <map> in the header file.
+/// EndgameFunctions class stores endgame evaluation and scaling functions
+/// in two std::map. Because STL library is not guaranteed to be thread
+/// safe even for read access, the maps, although with identical content,
+/// are replicated for each thread. This is faster then using locks.
 
 class EndgameFunctions {
-
 public:
   EndgameFunctions();
-  EndgameEvaluationFunction* getEEF(Key key) const;
-  ScalingFunction* getESF(Key key, Color* c) const;
+  ~EndgameFunctions();
+  template<class T> T* get(Key key) const;
 
 private:
-  void add(Key k, EndgameEvaluationFunction* f);
-  void add(Key k, Color c, ScalingFunction* f);
+  template<class T> void add(const string& keyCode);
 
-  struct ScalingInfo
-  {
-      Color col;
-      ScalingFunction* fun;
-  };
+  static Key buildKey(const string& keyCode);
+  static const string swapColors(const string& keyCode);
 
-  std::map<Key, EndgameEvaluationFunction*> EEFmap;
-  std::map<Key, ScalingInfo> ESFmap;
+  // Here we store two maps, for evaluate and scaling functions
+  pair<map<Key, EF*>, map<Key, SF*> > maps;
+
+  // Maps accessing functions returning const and non-const references
+  template<typename T> const map<Key, T*>& get() const { return maps.first; }
+  template<typename T> map<Key, T*>& get() { return maps.first; }
 };
 
+// Explicit specializations of a member function shall be declared in
+// the namespace of which the class template is a member.
+template<> const map<Key, SF*>&
+EndgameFunctions::get<SF>() const { return maps.second; }
+
+template<> map<Key, SF*>&
+EndgameFunctions::get<SF>() { return maps.second; }
+
 
 ////
 //// Functions
 ////
 
-
-/// Constructor for the MaterialInfoTable class
+/// MaterialInfoTable c'tor and d'tor, called once by each thread
 
 MaterialInfoTable::MaterialInfoTable(unsigned int numOfEntries) {
 
   size = numOfEntries;
   entries = new MaterialInfo[size];
   funcs = new EndgameFunctions();
+
   if (!entries || !funcs)
   {
-      std::cerr << "Failed to allocate " << (numOfEntries * sizeof(MaterialInfo))
-                << " bytes for material hash table." << std::endl;
-      exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+      cerr << "Failed to allocate " << numOfEntries * sizeof(MaterialInfo)
+           << " bytes for material hash table." << endl;
+      Application::exit_with_failure();
   }
-  clear();
 }
 
-
-/// Destructor for the MaterialInfoTable class
-
 MaterialInfoTable::~MaterialInfoTable() {
 
-  delete [] entries;
   delete funcs;
-}
-
-
-/// MaterialInfoTable::clear() clears a material hash table by setting
-/// all entries to 0.
-
-void MaterialInfoTable::clear() {
-
-  memset(entries, 0, size * sizeof(MaterialInfo));
+  delete [] entries;
 }
 
 
@@ -133,73 +151,84 @@ MaterialInfo* MaterialInfoTable::get_material_info(const Position& pos) {
   mi->clear();
   mi->key = key;
 
-  // A special case before looking for a specialized evaluation function
-  // KNN vs K is a draw.
-  if (key == KNNKMaterialKey || key == KKNNMaterialKey)
-  {
-      mi->factor[WHITE] = mi->factor[BLACK] = 0;
-      return mi;
-  }
-
   // Let's look if we have a specialized evaluation function for this
-  // particular material configuration.
-  if ((mi->evaluationFunction = funcs->getEEF(key)) != NULL)
+  // particular material configuration. First we look for a fixed
+  // configuration one, then a generic one if previous search failed.
+  if ((mi->evaluationFunction = funcs->get<EF>(key)) != NULL)
       return mi;
 
   else if (   pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK) == Value(0)
            && pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) == 0
-           && pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) >= RookValueEndgame)
+           && pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) >= RookValueMidgame)
   {
       mi->evaluationFunction = &EvaluateKXK;
       return mi;
   }
   else if (   pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) == Value(0)
            && pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) == 0
-           && pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK) >= RookValueEndgame)
+           && pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK) >= RookValueMidgame)
   {
       mi->evaluationFunction = &EvaluateKKX;
       return mi;
   }
+  else if (   pos.pieces(PAWN) == EmptyBoardBB
+           && pos.pieces(ROOK) == EmptyBoardBB
+           && pos.pieces(QUEEN) == EmptyBoardBB)
+  {
+      // Minor piece endgame with at least one minor piece per side and
+      // no pawns. Note that the case KmmK is already handled by KXK.
+      assert((pos.pieces(KNIGHT, WHITE) | pos.pieces(BISHOP, WHITE)));
+      assert((pos.pieces(KNIGHT, BLACK) | pos.pieces(BISHOP, BLACK)));
+
+      if (   pos.piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP) + pos.piece_count(WHITE, KNIGHT) <= 2
+          && pos.piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP) + pos.piece_count(BLACK, KNIGHT) <= 2)
+      {
+          mi->evaluationFunction = &EvaluateKmmKm;
+          return mi;
+      }
+  }
 
   // OK, we didn't find any special evaluation function for the current
   // material configuration. Is there a suitable scaling function?
   //
   // The code below is rather messy, and it could easily get worse later,
-  // if we decide to add more special cases.  We face problems when there
+  // if we decide to add more special cases. We face problems when there
   // are several conflicting applicable scaling functions and we need to
   // decide which one to use.
-  Color c;
-  ScalingFunction* sf;
+  SF* sf;
 
-  if ((sf = funcs->getESF(key, &c)) != NULL)
+  if ((sf = funcs->get<SF>(key)) != NULL)
   {
-      mi->scalingFunction[c] = sf;
+      mi->scalingFunction[sf->color()] = sf;
       return mi;
   }
 
+  // Generic scaling functions that refer to more then one material
+  // distribution. Should be probed after the specialized ones.
+  // Note that these ones don't return after setting the function.
   if (   pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) == BishopValueMidgame
       && pos.piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP) == 1
       && pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) >= 1)
-      mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKBPK;
+      mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKBPsK;
 
   if (   pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK) == BishopValueMidgame
       && pos.piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP) == 1
       && pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) >= 1)
-      mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKKBP;
+      mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKKBPs;
 
   if (   pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) == 0
       && pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) == QueenValueMidgame
       && pos.piece_count(WHITE, QUEEN) == 1
       && pos.piece_count(BLACK, ROOK) == 1
       && pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) >= 1)
-      mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKQKRP;
+      mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKQKRPs;
 
   else if (   pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) == 0
            && pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK) == QueenValueMidgame
            && pos.piece_count(BLACK, QUEEN) == 1
            && pos.piece_count(WHITE, ROOK) == 1
            && pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) >= 1)
-      mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKRPKQ;
+      mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKRPsKQ;
 
   if (pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) + pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK) == Value(0))
   {
@@ -215,16 +244,33 @@ MaterialInfo* MaterialInfoTable::get_material_info(const Position& pos) {
       }
       else if (pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) == 1 && pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) == 1)
       {
+          // This is a special case because we set scaling functions
+          // for both colors instead of only one.
           mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKPKPw;
           mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKPKPb;
       }
   }
 
-  // Evaluate the material balance
+  // Compute the space weight
+  if (pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) + pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK) >=
+      2*QueenValueMidgame + 4*RookValueMidgame + 2*KnightValueMidgame)
+  {
+      int minorPieceCount =  pos.piece_count(WHITE, KNIGHT)
+                           + pos.piece_count(BLACK, KNIGHT)
+                           + pos.piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP)
+                           + pos.piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP);
 
+      mi->spaceWeight = minorPieceCount * minorPieceCount;
+  }
+
+  // Evaluate the material balance
+  const int pieceCount[2][6] = { { pos.piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP) > 1, pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN), pos.piece_count(WHITE, KNIGHT),
+                                   pos.piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP), pos.piece_count(WHITE, ROOK), pos.piece_count(WHITE, QUEEN) },
+                                 { pos.piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP) > 1, pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN), pos.piece_count(BLACK, KNIGHT),
+                                   pos.piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP), pos.piece_count(BLACK, ROOK), pos.piece_count(BLACK, QUEEN) } };
+  Color c, them;
   int sign;
-  Value egValue = Value(0);
-  Value mgValue = Value(0);
+  int matValue = 0;
 
   for (c = WHITE, sign = 1; c <= BLACK; c++, sign = -sign)
   {
@@ -251,101 +297,109 @@ MaterialInfo* MaterialInfoTable::get_material_info(const Position& pos) {
         }
     }
 
-    // Bishop pair
-    if (pos.piece_count(c, BISHOP) >= 2)
-    {
-        mgValue += sign * BishopPairMidgameBonus;
-        egValue += sign * BishopPairEndgameBonus;
-    }
-
-    // Knights are stronger when there are many pawns on the board.  The
-    // formula is taken from Larry Kaufman's paper "The Evaluation of Material
-    // Imbalances in Chess":
+    // Redundancy of major pieces, formula based on Kaufman's paper
+    // "The Evaluation of Material Imbalances in Chess"
     // http://mywebpages.comcast.net/danheisman/Articles/evaluation_of_material_imbalance.htm
-    mgValue += sign * Value(pos.piece_count(c, KNIGHT)*(pos.piece_count(c, PAWN)-5)*16);
-    egValue += sign * Value(pos.piece_count(c, KNIGHT)*(pos.piece_count(c, PAWN)-5)*16);
+    if (pieceCount[c][ROOK] >= 1)
+        matValue -= sign * ((pieceCount[c][ROOK] - 1) * RedundantRookPenalty + pieceCount[c][QUEEN] * RedundantQueenPenalty);
 
-    // Redundancy of major pieces, again based on Kaufman's paper:
-    if (pos.piece_count(c, ROOK) >= 1)
+    them = opposite_color(c);
+
+    // Second-degree polynomial material imbalance by Tord Romstad
+    //
+    // We use NO_PIECE_TYPE as a place holder for the bishop pair "extended piece",
+    // this allow us to be more flexible in defining bishop pair bonuses.
+    for (int pt1 = NO_PIECE_TYPE; pt1 <= QUEEN; pt1++)
     {
-        Value v = Value((pos.piece_count(c, ROOK) - 1) * 32 + pos.piece_count(c, QUEEN) * 16);
-        mgValue -= sign * v;
-        egValue -= sign * v;
+        int c1 = sign * pieceCount[c][pt1];
+        if (!c1)
+            continue;
+
+        matValue += c1 * LinearCoefficients[pt1];
+
+        for (int pt2 = NO_PIECE_TYPE; pt2 <= pt1; pt2++)
+        {
+            matValue += c1 * pieceCount[c][pt2] * QuadraticCoefficientsSameColor[pt1][pt2];
+            matValue += c1 * pieceCount[them][pt2] * QuadraticCoefficientsOppositeColor[pt1][pt2];
+        }
     }
   }
-  mi->mgValue = int16_t(mgValue);
-  mi->egValue = int16_t(egValue);
+  mi->value = int16_t(matValue / 16);
   return mi;
 }
 
 
-/// EndgameFunctions member definitions. This class is used to store the maps
-/// of end game and scaling functions that MaterialInfoTable will query for 
-/// each key. The maps are constant and are populated only at construction,
-/// but are per-thread instead of globals to avoid expensive locks.
+/// EndgameFunctions member definitions.
 
 EndgameFunctions::EndgameFunctions() {
 
-  typedef Key ZM[2][8][16];
-  const ZM& z = Position::zobMaterial;
+  add<EvaluationFunction<KNNK>  >("KNNK");
+  add<EvaluationFunction<KPK>   >("KPK");
+  add<EvaluationFunction<KBNK>  >("KBNK");
+  add<EvaluationFunction<KRKP>  >("KRKP");
+  add<EvaluationFunction<KRKB>  >("KRKB");
+  add<EvaluationFunction<KRKN>  >("KRKN");
+  add<EvaluationFunction<KQKR>  >("KQKR");
+  add<EvaluationFunction<KBBKN> >("KBBKN");
 
-  static const Color W = WHITE;
-  static const Color B = BLACK;
-
-  KNNKMaterialKey = z[W][KNIGHT][1] ^ z[W][KNIGHT][2];
-  KKNNMaterialKey = z[B][KNIGHT][1] ^ z[B][KNIGHT][2];
-
-  add(z[W][PAWN][1], &EvaluateKPK);
-  add(z[B][PAWN][1], &EvaluateKKP);
-
-  add(z[W][BISHOP][1] ^ z[W][KNIGHT][1], &EvaluateKBNK);
-  add(z[B][BISHOP][1] ^ z[B][KNIGHT][1], &EvaluateKKBN);
-  add(z[W][ROOK][1]   ^ z[B][PAWN][1],   &EvaluateKRKP);
-  add(z[W][PAWN][1]   ^ z[B][ROOK][1],   &EvaluateKPKR);
-  add(z[W][ROOK][1]   ^ z[B][BISHOP][1], &EvaluateKRKB);
-  add(z[W][BISHOP][1] ^ z[B][ROOK][1],   &EvaluateKBKR);
-  add(z[W][ROOK][1]   ^ z[B][KNIGHT][1], &EvaluateKRKN);
-  add(z[W][KNIGHT][1] ^ z[B][ROOK][1],   &EvaluateKNKR);
-  add(z[W][QUEEN][1]  ^ z[B][ROOK][1],   &EvaluateKQKR);
-  add(z[W][ROOK][1]   ^ z[B][QUEEN][1],  &EvaluateKRKQ);
-
-  add(z[W][KNIGHT][1] ^ z[W][PAWN][1], W, &ScaleKNPK);
-  add(z[B][KNIGHT][1] ^ z[B][PAWN][1], B, &ScaleKKNP);
-
-  add(z[W][ROOK][1]   ^ z[W][PAWN][1]   ^ z[B][ROOK][1]  , W, &ScaleKRPKR);
-  add(z[W][ROOK][1]   ^ z[B][ROOK][1]   ^ z[B][PAWN][1]  , B, &ScaleKRKRP);
-  add(z[W][BISHOP][1] ^ z[W][PAWN][1]   ^ z[B][BISHOP][1], W, &ScaleKBPKB);
-  add(z[W][BISHOP][1] ^ z[B][BISHOP][1] ^ z[B][PAWN][1]  , B, &ScaleKBKBP);
-  add(z[W][BISHOP][1] ^ z[W][PAWN][1]   ^ z[B][KNIGHT][1], W, &ScaleKBPKN);
-  add(z[W][KNIGHT][1] ^ z[B][BISHOP][1] ^ z[B][PAWN][1]  , B, &ScaleKNKBP);
-
-  add(z[W][ROOK][1] ^ z[W][PAWN][1] ^ z[W][PAWN][2] ^ z[B][ROOK][1] ^ z[B][PAWN][1], W, &ScaleKRPPKRP);
-  add(z[W][ROOK][1] ^ z[W][PAWN][1] ^ z[B][ROOK][1] ^ z[B][PAWN][1] ^ z[B][PAWN][2], B, &ScaleKRPKRPP);
+  add<ScalingFunction<KNPK>    >("KNPK");
+  add<ScalingFunction<KRPKR>   >("KRPKR");
+  add<ScalingFunction<KBPKB>   >("KBPKB");
+  add<ScalingFunction<KBPPKB>  >("KBPPKB");
+  add<ScalingFunction<KBPKN>   >("KBPKN");
+  add<ScalingFunction<KRPPKRP> >("KRPPKRP");
+  add<ScalingFunction<KRPPKRP> >("KRPPKRP");
 }
 
-void EndgameFunctions::add(Key k, EndgameEvaluationFunction* f) {
+EndgameFunctions::~EndgameFunctions() {
 
-  EEFmap.insert(std::pair<Key, EndgameEvaluationFunction*>(k, f));
+    for (map<Key, EF*>::iterator it = maps.first.begin(); it != maps.first.end(); ++it)
+        delete (*it).second;
+
+    for (map<Key, SF*>::iterator it = maps.second.begin(); it != maps.second.end(); ++it)
+        delete (*it).second;
 }
 
-void EndgameFunctions::add(Key k, Color c, ScalingFunction* f) {
+Key EndgameFunctions::buildKey(const string& keyCode) {
 
-  ScalingInfo s = {c, f};
-  ESFmap.insert(std::pair<Key, ScalingInfo>(k, s));
+    assert(keyCode.length() > 0 && keyCode[0] == 'K');
+    assert(keyCode.length() < 8);
+
+    stringstream s;
+    bool upcase = false;
+
+    // Build up a fen string with the given pieces, note that
+    // the fen string could be of an illegal position.
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < keyCode.length(); i++)
+    {
+        if (keyCode[i] == 'K')
+            upcase = !upcase;
+
+        s << char(upcase? toupper(keyCode[i]) : tolower(keyCode[i]));
+    }
+    s << 8 - keyCode.length() << "/8/8/8/8/8/8/8 w -";
+    return Position(s.str()).get_material_key();
 }
 
-EndgameEvaluationFunction* EndgameFunctions::getEEF(Key key) const {
+const string EndgameFunctions::swapColors(const string& keyCode) {
 
-  std::map<Key, EndgameEvaluationFunction*>::const_iterator it(EEFmap.find(key));
-  return (it != EEFmap.end() ? it->second : NULL);
+    // Build corresponding key for the opposite color: "KBPKN" -> "KNKBP"
+    size_t idx = keyCode.find("K", 1);
+    return keyCode.substr(idx) + keyCode.substr(0, idx);
 }
 
-ScalingFunction* EndgameFunctions::getESF(Key key, Color* c) const {
+template<class T>
+void EndgameFunctions::add(const string& keyCode) {
 
-  std::map<Key, ScalingInfo>::const_iterator it(ESFmap.find(key));
-  if (it == ESFmap.end())
-      return NULL;
+  typedef typename T::Base F;
 
-  *c = it->second.col;
-  return it->second.fun;
+  get<F>().insert(pair<Key, F*>(buildKey(keyCode), new T(WHITE)));
+  get<F>().insert(pair<Key, F*>(buildKey(swapColors(keyCode)), new T(BLACK)));
+}
+
+template<class T>
+T* EndgameFunctions::get(Key key) const {
+
+  typename map<Key, T*>::const_iterator it(get<T>().find(key));
+  return (it != get<T>().end() ? it->second : NULL);
 }

src/material.h

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
@@ -49,43 +49,36 @@ class MaterialInfo {
   friend class MaterialInfoTable;
 
 public:
-  Value mg_value() const;
-  Value eg_value() const;
+  MaterialInfo() : key(0) { clear(); }
+
+  Value material_value() const;
   ScaleFactor scale_factor(const Position& pos, Color c) const;
+  int space_weight() const;
   bool specialized_eval_exists() const;
   Value evaluate(const Position& pos) const;
 
 private:
-  void clear();
-  
+  inline void clear();
+
   Key key;
-  int16_t mgValue;
-  int16_t egValue;
+  int16_t value;
   uint8_t factor[2];
-  EndgameEvaluationFunction* evaluationFunction;
-  ScalingFunction* scalingFunction[2];
+  EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase* evaluationFunction;
+  EndgameScalingFunctionBase* scalingFunction[2];
+  int spaceWeight;
 };
 
-
-/// EndgameFunctions class stores the endgame evaluation functions std::map.
-/// Because STL library is not thread safe even for read access, the maps,
-/// although with identical content, are replicated for each thread. This
-/// is faster then using locks with an unique set of global maps.
-
-class EndgameFunctions;
-
-
 /// The MaterialInfoTable class represents a pawn hash table. It is basically
 /// just an array of MaterialInfo objects and a few methods for accessing these
 /// objects. The most important method is get_material_info, which looks up a
 /// position in the table and returns a pointer to a MaterialInfo object.
+class EndgameFunctions;
 
 class MaterialInfoTable {
 
 public:
   MaterialInfoTable(unsigned numOfEntries);
   ~MaterialInfoTable();
-  void clear();
   MaterialInfo* get_material_info(const Position& pos);
 
 private:
@@ -99,34 +92,30 @@ private:
 //// Inline functions
 ////
 
-/// MaterialInfo::mg_value and MaterialInfo::eg_value simply returns the
-/// material balance evaluation for the middle game and the endgame.
+/// MaterialInfo::material_value simply returns the material balance
+/// evaluation that is independent from game phase.
 
-inline Value MaterialInfo::mg_value() const {
+inline Value MaterialInfo::material_value() const {
 
-  return Value(mgValue);
-}
-
-inline Value MaterialInfo::eg_value() const {
-
-  return Value(egValue);
+  return Value(value);
 }
 
 
 /// MaterialInfo::clear() resets a MaterialInfo object to an empty state,
-/// with all slots at their default values.
+/// with all slots at their default values but the key.
 
 inline void MaterialInfo::clear() {
 
-  mgValue = egValue = 0;
+  value = 0;
   factor[WHITE] = factor[BLACK] = uint8_t(SCALE_FACTOR_NORMAL);
   evaluationFunction = NULL;
   scalingFunction[WHITE] = scalingFunction[BLACK] = NULL;
+  spaceWeight = 0;
 }
 
 
 /// MaterialInfo::scale_factor takes a position and a color as input, and
-/// returns a scale factor for the given color.  We have to provide the
+/// returns a scale factor for the given color. We have to provide the
 /// position in addition to the color, because the scale factor need not
 /// to be a constant: It can also be a function which should be applied to
 /// the position. For instance, in KBP vs K endgames, a scaling function
@@ -144,6 +133,15 @@ inline ScaleFactor MaterialInfo::scale_factor(const Position& pos, Color c) cons
 }
 
 
+/// MaterialInfo::space_weight() simply returns the weight for the space
+/// evaluation for this material configuration.
+
+inline int MaterialInfo::space_weight() const {
+
+  return spaceWeight;
+}
+
+
 /// MaterialInfo::specialized_eval_exists decides whether there is a
 /// specialized evaluation function for the current material configuration,
 /// or if the normal evaluation function should be used.
@@ -155,7 +153,7 @@ inline bool MaterialInfo::specialized_eval_exists() const {
 
 
 /// MaterialInfo::evaluate applies a specialized evaluation function
-/// to a given position object.  It should only be called when
+/// to a given position object. It should only be called when
 /// specialized_eval_exists() returns 'true'.
 
 inline Value MaterialInfo::evaluate(const Position& pos) const {

src/mersenne.h

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */

src/misc.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -30,27 +30,39 @@
 
 #else
 
-#  include <windows.h>
-#  include <time.h>
-#  include "dos.h"
-int gettimeofday(struct timeval * tp, struct timezone * tzp);
+#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_DEPRECATE
+#include <windows.h>
+#include <sys/timeb.h>
 
 #endif
 
+#include <cassert>
 #include <cstdio>
 #include <iomanip>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <sstream>
 
+#include "bitcount.h"
 #include "misc.h"
 
+using namespace std;
+
+/// Version number. If this is left empty, the current date (in the format
+/// YYMMDD) is used as a version number.
+
+static const string EngineVersion = "1.5.1";
+static const string AppName = "Stockfish";
+static const string AppTag  = "";
+
 
 ////
 //// Variables
 ////
 
-long dbg_cnt0 = 0;
-long dbg_cnt1 = 0;
+bool Chess960;
+
+uint64_t dbg_cnt0 = 0;
+uint64_t dbg_cnt1 = 0;
 
 bool dbg_show_mean = false;
 bool dbg_show_hit_rate = false;
@@ -60,17 +72,65 @@ bool dbg_show_hit_rate = false;
 //// Functions
 ////
 
+void dbg_hit_on(bool b) {
+
+    assert(!dbg_show_mean);
+    dbg_show_hit_rate = true;
+    dbg_cnt0++;
+    if (b)
+        dbg_cnt1++;
+}
+
+void dbg_hit_on_c(bool c, bool b) {
+
+    if (c)
+        dbg_hit_on(b);
+}
+
+void dbg_before() {
+
+    assert(!dbg_show_mean);
+    dbg_show_hit_rate = true;
+    dbg_cnt0++;
+}
+
+void dbg_after() {
+
+    assert(!dbg_show_mean);
+    dbg_show_hit_rate = true;
+    dbg_cnt1++;
+}
+
+void dbg_mean_of(int v) {
+
+    assert(!dbg_show_hit_rate);
+    dbg_show_mean = true;
+    dbg_cnt0++;
+    dbg_cnt1 += v;
+}
+
 void dbg_print_hit_rate() {
 
-  std::cout << "Total " << dbg_cnt0 << " Hit " << dbg_cnt1
-            << " hit rate (%) " << (dbg_cnt1*100)/(dbg_cnt0 ? dbg_cnt0 : 1)
-            << std::endl;
+  cout << "Total " << dbg_cnt0 << " Hit " << dbg_cnt1
+       << " hit rate (%) " << (dbg_cnt1*100)/(dbg_cnt0 ? dbg_cnt0 : 1) << endl;
 }
 
 void dbg_print_mean() {
 
-  std::cout << "Total " << dbg_cnt0 << " Mean "
-            << (float)dbg_cnt1 / (dbg_cnt0 ? dbg_cnt0 : 1) << std::endl;
+  cout << "Total " << dbg_cnt0 << " Mean "
+       << (float)dbg_cnt1 / (dbg_cnt0 ? dbg_cnt0 : 1) << endl;
+}
+
+void dbg_print_hit_rate(ofstream& logFile) {
+
+  logFile << "Total " << dbg_cnt0 << " Hit " << dbg_cnt1
+          << " hit rate (%) " << (dbg_cnt1*100)/(dbg_cnt0 ? dbg_cnt0 : 1) << endl;
+}
+
+void dbg_print_mean(ofstream& logFile) {
+
+  logFile << "Total " << dbg_cnt0 << " Mean "
+          << (float)dbg_cnt1 / (dbg_cnt0 ? dbg_cnt0 : 1) << endl;
 }
 
 /// engine_name() returns the full name of the current Stockfish version.
@@ -78,24 +138,27 @@ void dbg_print_mean() {
 /// program was compiled) or "Stockfish <version number>", depending on whether
 /// the constant EngineVersion (defined in misc.h) is empty.
 
-const std::string engine_name() {
+const string engine_name() {
 
-  if (EngineVersion.empty())
-  {
-      std::string date(__DATE__); // From compiler, format is "Sep 21 2008"
-      std::string months("Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec");
+  const string cpu64(CpuHas64BitPath ? " 64bit" : "");
 
-      size_t mon = 1 + months.find(date.substr(0, 3)) / 4;
+  if (!EngineVersion.empty())
+      return AppName+ " " + EngineVersion + cpu64;
 
-      std::stringstream s;
-      std::string day = (date[4] == ' ' ? date.substr(5, 1) : date.substr(4, 2));
+  string date(__DATE__); // From compiler, format is "Sep 21 2008"
+  string months("Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec");
 
-      s << "Stockfish " << date.substr(date.length() - 2) << std::setfill('0')
-        << std::setw(2) << mon << std::setw(2) << day;
+  size_t mon = 1 + months.find(date.substr(0, 3)) / 4;
 
-      return s.str();
-  } else
-      return "Stockfish " + EngineVersion;
+  stringstream s;
+  string day = (date[4] == ' ' ? date.substr(5, 1) : date.substr(4, 2));
+
+  string name = AppName + " " + AppTag + " ";
+
+  s << name << date.substr(date.length() - 2) << setfill('0')
+    << setw(2) << mon << setw(2) << day << cpu64;
+
+  return s.str();
 }
 
 
@@ -103,9 +166,16 @@ const std::string engine_name() {
 /// milliseconds.
 
 int get_system_time() {
-  struct timeval t;
-  gettimeofday(&t, NULL);
-  return t.tv_sec*1000 + t.tv_usec/1000;
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+    struct _timeb t;
+    _ftime(&t);
+    return int(t.time*1000 + t.millitm);
+#else
+    struct timeval t;
+    gettimeofday(&t, NULL);
+    return t.tv_sec*1000 + t.tv_usec/1000;
+#endif
 }
 
 

src/misc.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -26,19 +26,11 @@
 //// Includes
 ////
 
+#include <fstream>
 #include <string>
 
-
-////
-//// Constants
-////
-
-
-/// Version number.  If this is left empty, the current date (in the format
-/// YYMMDD) is used as a version number.
-
-const std::string EngineVersion = "1.0";
-
+#include "application.h"
+#include "types.h"
 
 ////
 //// Macros
@@ -48,6 +40,13 @@ const std::string EngineVersion = "1.0";
 #define Max(x, y) (((x) < (y))? (y) : (x))
 
 
+////
+//// Variables
+////
+
+extern bool Chess960;
+
+
 ////
 //// Prototypes
 ////
@@ -57,24 +56,25 @@ extern int get_system_time();
 extern int cpu_count();
 extern int Bioskey();
 
+
 ////
 //// Debug
 ////
-extern long dbg_cnt0;
-extern long dbg_cnt1;
-
-inline void dbg_hit_on(bool b) { dbg_cnt0++; if (b) dbg_cnt1++; }
-inline void dbg_hit_on_c(bool c, bool b) { if (c) dbg_hit_on(b); }
-
-inline void dbg_before() { dbg_cnt0++; }
-inline void dbg_after() { dbg_cnt1++; }
-
-inline void dbg_mean_of(int v) { dbg_cnt0++; dbg_cnt1 += v; }
-
-extern void dbg_print_hit_rate();
-extern void dbg_print_mean();
 
 extern bool dbg_show_mean;
 extern bool dbg_show_hit_rate;
 
+extern uint64_t dbg_cnt0;
+extern uint64_t dbg_cnt1;
+
+extern void dbg_hit_on(bool b);
+extern void dbg_hit_on_c(bool c, bool b);
+extern void dbg_before();
+extern void dbg_after();
+extern void dbg_mean_of(int v);
+extern void dbg_print_hit_rate();
+extern void dbg_print_mean();
+extern void dbg_print_hit_rate(std::ofstream& logFile);
+extern void dbg_print_mean(std::ofstream& logFile);
+
 #endif // !defined(MISC_H_INCLUDED)

src/move.cpp

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
 #include "move.h"
 #include "piece.h"
 #include "position.h"
-#include "ucioption.h"
 
 
 ////
@@ -72,13 +71,13 @@ Move move_from_string(const Position& pos, const std::string& str) {
     }
   }
 
-  if (piece == king_of_color(us))
+  if (piece == piece_of_color_and_type(us, KING))
   {
       // Is this a castling move? A king move is assumed to be a castling
       // move if the destination square is occupied by a friendly rook, or
       // if the distance between the source and destination squares is more
       // than 1.
-      if (pos.piece_on(to) == rook_of_color(us))
+      if (pos.piece_on(to) == piece_of_color_and_type(us, ROOK))
           return make_castle_move(from, to);
 
       else if (square_distance(from, to) > 1)
@@ -87,13 +86,13 @@ Move move_from_string(const Position& pos, const std::string& str) {
           // internal "king captures rook" representation.
           SquareDelta delta = (to > from ? DELTA_E : DELTA_W);
           Square s = from + delta;
-          while (relative_rank(us, s) == RANK_1 && pos.piece_on(s) != rook_of_color(us))
+          while (relative_rank(us, s) == RANK_1 && pos.piece_on(s) != piece_of_color_and_type(us, ROOK))
               s += delta;
 
           return (relative_rank(us, s) == RANK_1 ? make_castle_move(from, s) : MOVE_NONE);
       }
   }
-  else if (piece == pawn_of_color(us))
+  else if (piece == piece_of_color_and_type(us, PAWN))
   {
       // En passant move? We assume that a pawn move is an en passant move
       // without further testing if the destination square is epSquare.
@@ -130,8 +129,8 @@ const std::string move_to_string(Move move) {
               return (from == SQ_E1 ? "e1c1" : "e8c8");
       }
       str = square_to_string(from) + square_to_string(to);
-      if (move_promotion(move))
-          str += piece_type_to_char(move_promotion(move), false);
+      if (move_is_promotion(move))
+          str += piece_type_to_char(move_promotion_piece(move), false);
   }
   return str;
 }
@@ -139,7 +138,7 @@ const std::string move_to_string(Move move) {
 
 /// Overload the << operator, to make it easier to print moves.
 
-std::ostream &operator << (std::ostream &os, Move m) {
+std::ostream &operator << (std::ostream& os, Move m) {
 
   return os << move_to_string(m);
 }

src/move.h

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
@@ -38,10 +38,22 @@
 
 class Position;
 
+/// A move needs 17 bits to be stored
+///
+/// bit  0- 5: destination square (from 0 to 63)
+/// bit  6-11: origin square (from 0 to 63)
+/// bit 12-14: promotion piece type
+/// bit    15: en passant flag
+/// bit    16: castle flag
+///
+/// Special cases are MOVE_NONE and MOVE_NULL. We can sneak these in
+/// because in any normal move destination square is always different
+/// from origin square while MOVE_NONE and MOVE_NULL have the same
+/// origin and destination square, 0 and 1 respectively.
+
 enum Move {
   MOVE_NONE = 0,
-  MOVE_NULL = 65, 
-  MOVE_MAX = 0xFFFFFF
+  MOVE_NULL = 65
 };
 
 
@@ -50,29 +62,36 @@ struct MoveStack {
   int score;
 };
 
+// Note that operator< is set up such that std::sort() will sort in descending order
+inline bool operator<(const MoveStack& f, const MoveStack& s) { return s.score < f.score; }
+
 
 ////
 //// Inline functions
 ////
 
 inline Square move_from(Move m) {
-  return Square((int(m) >> 6) & 077);
+  return Square((int(m) >> 6) & 0x3F);
 }
 
 inline Square move_to(Move m) {
-  return Square(m & 077);
+  return Square(m & 0x3F);
 }
 
-inline PieceType move_promotion(Move m) {
+inline PieceType move_promotion_piece(Move m) {
   return PieceType((int(m) >> 12) & 7);
 }
 
-inline bool move_is_ep(Move m) {
-  return bool((int(m) >> 15) & 1);
+inline int move_is_promotion(Move m) {
+  return m & (7 << 12);
 }
 
-inline bool move_is_castle(Move m) {
-  return bool((int(m) >> 16) & 1);
+inline int move_is_ep(Move m) {
+  return m & (1 << 15);
+}
+
+inline int move_is_castle(Move m) {
+  return m & (1 << 16);
 }
 
 inline bool move_is_short_castle(Move m) {
@@ -104,7 +123,7 @@ inline Move make_ep_move(Square from, Square to) {
 //// Prototypes
 ////
 
-extern std::ostream &operator << (std::ostream &os, Move m);
+extern std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream &os, Move m);
 extern Move move_from_string(const Position &pos, const std::string &str);
 extern const std::string move_to_string(Move m);
 extern bool move_is_ok(Move m);

src/movegen.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -32,12 +32,13 @@
 //// Prototypes
 ////
 
-extern int generate_captures(const Position &pos, MoveStack *mlist);
-extern int generate_noncaptures(const Position &pos, MoveStack *mlist);
-extern int generate_checks(const Position &pos, MoveStack *mlist, Bitboard dc);
-extern int generate_evasions(const Position &pos, MoveStack *mlist);
-extern int generate_legal_moves(const Position &pos, MoveStack *mlist);
-extern bool move_is_legal(const Position &pos, const Move m, Bitboard pinned);
+extern MoveStack* generate_captures(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist);
+extern MoveStack* generate_noncaptures(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist);
+extern MoveStack* generate_non_capture_checks(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, Bitboard dc);
+extern MoveStack* generate_evasions(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, Bitboard pinned);
+extern MoveStack* generate_moves(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, bool pseudoLegal = false);
+extern bool move_is_legal(const Position& pos, const Move m, Bitboard pinned);
+extern bool move_is_legal(const Position& pos, const Move m);
 
 
 #endif // !defined(MOVEGEN_H_INCLUDED)

src/movepick.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 //// Includes
 ////
 
+#include <algorithm>
 #include <cassert>
 
 #include "history.h"
@@ -38,144 +39,306 @@
 
 namespace {
 
-  /// Variables
-
-  MovePicker::MovegenPhase PhaseTable[32];
-  int MainSearchPhaseIndex;
-  int EvasionsPhaseIndex;
-  int QsearchWithChecksPhaseIndex;
-  int QsearchWithoutChecksPhaseIndex;
+  enum MovegenPhase {
+    PH_TT_MOVES,       // Transposition table move and mate killer
+    PH_GOOD_CAPTURES,  // Queen promotions and captures with SEE values >= 0
+    PH_KILLERS,        // Killer moves from the current ply
+    PH_NONCAPTURES,    // Non-captures and underpromotions
+    PH_BAD_CAPTURES,   // Queen promotions and captures with SEE values < 0
+    PH_EVASIONS,       // Check evasions
+    PH_QCAPTURES,      // Captures in quiescence search
+    PH_QCHECKS,        // Non-capture checks in quiescence search
+    PH_STOP
+  };
 
+  CACHE_LINE_ALIGNMENT
+  const uint8_t MainSearchPhaseTable[] = { PH_TT_MOVES, PH_GOOD_CAPTURES, PH_KILLERS, PH_NONCAPTURES, PH_BAD_CAPTURES, PH_STOP};
+  const uint8_t EvasionsPhaseTable[] = { PH_EVASIONS, PH_STOP};
+  const uint8_t QsearchWithChecksPhaseTable[] = { PH_TT_MOVES, PH_QCAPTURES, PH_QCHECKS, PH_STOP};
+  const uint8_t QsearchWithoutChecksPhaseTable[] = { PH_TT_MOVES, PH_QCAPTURES, PH_STOP};
 }
 
 
-
 ////
 //// Functions
 ////
 
 
-/// Constructor for the MovePicker class.  Apart from the position for which
+/// Constructor for the MovePicker class. Apart from the position for which
 /// it is asked to pick legal moves, MovePicker also wants some information
 /// to help it to return the presumably good moves first, to decide which
 /// moves to return (in the quiescence search, for instance, we only want to
 /// search captures, promotions and some checks) and about how important good
 /// move ordering is at the current node.
 
-MovePicker::MovePicker(const Position& p, bool pvnode, Move ttm, Move mk,
-                       Move k1, Move k2, Depth d) : pos(p) {
-  pvNode = pvnode;
-  ttMove = ttm;
-  mateKiller = (mk == ttm)? MOVE_NONE : mk;
-  killer1 = k1;
-  killer2 = k2;
-  depth = d;
-  movesPicked = 0;
-  numOfMoves = 0;
-  numOfBadCaptures = 0;
-  dc = p.discovered_check_candidates(p.side_to_move());
+MovePicker::MovePicker(const Position& p, Move ttm, Depth d,
+                       const History& h, SearchStack* ss) : pos(p), H(h) {
+  int searchTT = ttm;
+  ttMoves[0].move = ttm;
+  finished = false;
+  lastBadCapture = badCaptures;
+
+  if (ss)
+  {
+      ttMoves[1].move = (ss->mateKiller == ttm)? MOVE_NONE : ss->mateKiller;
+      searchTT |= ttMoves[1].move;
+      killers[0].move = ss->killers[0];
+      killers[1].move = ss->killers[1];
+  } else
+      ttMoves[1].move = killers[0].move = killers[1].move = MOVE_NONE;
+
+  Color us = pos.side_to_move();
+
+  dc = p.discovered_check_candidates(us);
+  pinned = p.pinned_pieces(us);
 
   if (p.is_check())
-    phaseIndex = EvasionsPhaseIndex;
-  else if (depth > Depth(0))
-    phaseIndex = MainSearchPhaseIndex;
-  else if (depth == Depth(0))
-    phaseIndex = QsearchWithChecksPhaseIndex;
+      phasePtr = EvasionsPhaseTable;
+  else if (d > Depth(0))
+      phasePtr = MainSearchPhaseTable + !searchTT;
+  else if (d == Depth(0))
+      phasePtr = QsearchWithChecksPhaseTable + !searchTT;
   else
-    phaseIndex = QsearchWithoutChecksPhaseIndex;
+      phasePtr = QsearchWithoutChecksPhaseTable + !searchTT;
 
-  pinned = p.pinned_pieces(p.side_to_move());
-
-  finished = false;
+  phasePtr--;
+  go_next_phase();
 }
 
 
+/// MovePicker::go_next_phase() generates, scores and sorts the next bunch
+/// of moves when there are no more moves to try for the current phase.
+
+void MovePicker::go_next_phase() {
+
+  curMove = moves;
+  phase = *(++phasePtr);
+  switch (phase) {
+
+  case PH_TT_MOVES:
+      curMove = ttMoves;
+      lastMove = curMove + 2;
+      return;
+
+  case PH_GOOD_CAPTURES:
+      lastMove = generate_captures(pos, moves);
+      score_captures();
+      std::sort(moves, lastMove);
+      return;
+
+  case PH_KILLERS:
+      curMove = killers;
+      lastMove = curMove + 2;
+      return;
+
+  case PH_NONCAPTURES:
+      lastMove = generate_noncaptures(pos, moves);
+      score_noncaptures();
+      std::sort(moves, lastMove);
+      return;
+
+  case PH_BAD_CAPTURES:
+      // Bad captures SEE value is already calculated so just sort them
+      // to get SEE move ordering.
+      curMove = badCaptures;
+      lastMove = lastBadCapture;
+      std::sort(badCaptures, lastMove);
+      return;
+
+  case PH_EVASIONS:
+      assert(pos.is_check());
+      lastMove = generate_evasions(pos, moves, pinned);
+      score_evasions();
+      std::sort(moves, lastMove);
+      return;
+
+  case PH_QCAPTURES:
+      lastMove = generate_captures(pos, moves);
+      score_captures();
+      std::sort(moves, lastMove);
+      return;
+
+  case PH_QCHECKS:
+      // Perhaps we should order moves move here?  FIXME
+      lastMove = generate_non_capture_checks(pos, moves, dc);
+      return;
+
+  case PH_STOP:
+      lastMove = curMove + 1; // hack to be friendly for get_next_move()
+      return;
+
+  default:
+      assert(false);
+      return;
+  }
+}
+
+
+/// MovePicker::score_captures(), MovePicker::score_noncaptures() and
+/// MovePicker::score_evasions() assign a numerical move ordering score
+/// to each move in a move list.  The moves with highest scores will be
+/// picked first by get_next_move().
+
+void MovePicker::score_captures() {
+  // Winning and equal captures in the main search are ordered by MVV/LVA.
+  // Suprisingly, this appears to perform slightly better than SEE based
+  // move ordering. The reason is probably that in a position with a winning
+  // capture, capturing a more valuable (but sufficiently defended) piece
+  // first usually doesn't hurt. The opponent will have to recapture, and
+  // the hanging piece will still be hanging (except in the unusual cases
+  // where it is possible to recapture with the hanging piece). Exchanging
+  // big pieces before capturing a hanging piece probably helps to reduce
+  // the subtree size.
+  // In main search we want to push captures with negative SEE values to
+  // badCaptures[] array, but instead of doing it now we delay till when
+  // the move has been picked up in pick_move_from_list(), this way we save
+  // some SEE calls in case we get a cutoff (idea from Pablo Vazquez).
+  Move m;
+
+  // Use MVV/LVA ordering
+  for (MoveStack* cur = moves; cur != lastMove; cur++)
+  {
+      m = cur->move;
+      if (move_is_promotion(m))
+          cur->score = QueenValueMidgame;
+      else
+          cur->score = int(pos.midgame_value_of_piece_on(move_to(m)))
+                      -int(pos.type_of_piece_on(move_from(m)));
+  }
+}
+
+void MovePicker::score_noncaptures() {
+  // First score by history, when no history is available then use
+  // piece/square tables values. This seems to be better then a
+  // random choice when we don't have an history for any move.
+  Move m;
+  Piece piece;
+  Square from, to;
+  int hs;
+
+  for (MoveStack* cur = moves; cur != lastMove; cur++)
+  {
+      m = cur->move;
+      from = move_from(m);
+      to = move_to(m);
+      piece = pos.piece_on(from);
+      hs = H.move_ordering_score(piece, to);
+
+      // Ensure history is always preferred to pst
+      if (hs > 0)
+          hs += 1000;
+
+      // pst based scoring
+      cur->score = hs + pos.pst_delta<Position::MidGame>(piece, from, to);
+  }
+}
+
+void MovePicker::score_evasions() {
+
+  Move m;
+
+  for (MoveStack* cur = moves; cur != lastMove; cur++)
+  {
+      m = cur->move;
+      if (m == ttMoves[0].move)
+          cur->score = 2 * HistoryMax;
+      else if (!pos.square_is_empty(move_to(m)))
+      {
+          int seeScore = pos.see(m);
+          cur->score = seeScore + (seeScore >= 0 ? HistoryMax : 0);
+      } else
+          cur->score = H.move_ordering_score(pos.piece_on(move_from(m)), move_to(m));
+  }
+}
+
 /// MovePicker::get_next_move() is the most important method of the MovePicker
-/// class.  It returns a new legal move every time it is called, until there
-/// are no more moves left of the types we are interested in.
+/// class. It returns a new legal move every time it is called, until there
+/// are no more moves left.
+/// It picks the move with the biggest score from a list of generated moves taking
+/// care not to return the tt move if has already been searched previously.
 
 Move MovePicker::get_next_move() {
 
+  assert(!pos.is_check() || *phasePtr == PH_EVASIONS || *phasePtr == PH_STOP);
+  assert( pos.is_check() || *phasePtr != PH_EVASIONS);
+
   Move move;
 
   while (true)
   {
-    // If we already have a list of generated moves, pick the best move from
-    // the list, and return it.
-    move = pick_move_from_list();
-    if (move != MOVE_NONE)
-    {
-        assert(move_is_ok(move));
-        return move;
-    }
+      while (curMove != lastMove)
+      {
+          move = (curMove++)->move;
 
-    // Next phase
-    phaseIndex++;
-    switch (PhaseTable[phaseIndex]) {
+          switch (phase) {
 
-    case PH_TT_MOVE:
-        if (ttMove != MOVE_NONE)
-        {
-            assert(move_is_ok(ttMove));
-            if (move_is_legal(pos, ttMove, pinned))
-                return ttMove;
-        }
-        break;
+          case PH_TT_MOVES:
+              if (   move != MOVE_NONE
+                  && move_is_legal(pos, move, pinned))
+                  return move;
+              break;
 
-    case PH_MATE_KILLER:
-        if (mateKiller != MOVE_NONE)
-        {
-            assert(move_is_ok(mateKiller));
-            if (move_is_legal(pos, mateKiller, pinned))
-                return mateKiller;
-       }
-       break;
+          case PH_GOOD_CAPTURES:
+              if (   move != ttMoves[0].move
+                  && move != ttMoves[1].move
+                  && pos.pl_move_is_legal(move, pinned))
+              {
+                  // Check for a non negative SEE now
+                  int seeValue = pos.see_sign(move);
+                  if (seeValue >= 0)
+                      return move;
 
-    case PH_GOOD_CAPTURES:
-        numOfMoves = generate_captures(pos, moves);
-        score_captures();
-        movesPicked = 0;
-        break;
+                  // Losing capture, move it to the badCaptures[] array, note
+                  // that move has now been already checked for legality.
+                  assert(int(lastBadCapture - badCaptures) < 63);
+                  lastBadCapture->move = move;
+                  lastBadCapture->score = seeValue;
+                  lastBadCapture++;
+              }
+              break;
 
-    case PH_BAD_CAPTURES:
-        badCapturesPicked = 0;
-        break;
+          case PH_KILLERS:
+              if (   move != MOVE_NONE
+                  && move != ttMoves[0].move
+                  && move != ttMoves[1].move
+                  && move_is_legal(pos, move, pinned)
+                  && !pos.move_is_capture(move))
+                  return move;
+              break;
 
-    case PH_NONCAPTURES:
-        numOfMoves = generate_noncaptures(pos, moves);
-        score_noncaptures();
-        movesPicked = 0;
-        break;
+          case PH_NONCAPTURES:
+              if (   move != ttMoves[0].move
+                  && move != ttMoves[1].move
+                  && move != killers[0].move
+                  && move != killers[1].move
+                  && pos.pl_move_is_legal(move, pinned))
+                  return move;
+              break;
 
-    case PH_EVASIONS:
-        assert(pos.is_check());
-        numOfMoves = generate_evasions(pos, moves);
-        score_evasions();
-        movesPicked = 0;
-        break;
+          case PH_EVASIONS:
+          case PH_BAD_CAPTURES:
+              return move;
 
-    case PH_QCAPTURES:
-        numOfMoves = generate_captures(pos, moves);
-        score_qcaptures();
-        movesPicked = 0;
-        break;
+          case PH_QCAPTURES:
+          case PH_QCHECKS:
+              // Maybe postpone the legality check until after futility pruning?
+              if (   move != ttMoves[0].move
+                  && pos.pl_move_is_legal(move, pinned))
+                  return move;
+              break;
 
-    case PH_QCHECKS:
-        numOfMoves = generate_checks(pos, moves, dc);
-        movesPicked = 0;
-        break;
+          case PH_STOP:
+              return MOVE_NONE;
 
-    case PH_STOP:
-        return MOVE_NONE;
-
-    default:
-        assert(false);
-        return MOVE_NONE;
-    }
+          default:
+              assert(false);
+              break;
+          }
+      }
+      go_next_phase();
   }
 }
 
-
 /// A variant of get_next_move() which takes a lock as a parameter, used to
 /// prevent multiple threads from picking the same move at a split point.
 
@@ -194,305 +357,3 @@ Move MovePicker::get_next_move(Lock &lock) {
    lock_release(&lock);
    return m;
 }
-
-
-/// MovePicker::score_captures(), MovePicker::score_noncaptures(),
-/// MovePicker::score_evasions() and MovePicker::score_qcaptures() assign a
-/// numerical move ordering score to each move in a move list.  The moves
-/// with highest scores will be picked first by pick_move_from_list().
-
-void MovePicker::score_captures() {
-  // Winning and equal captures in the main search are ordered by MVV/LVA.
-  // Suprisingly, this appears to perform slightly better than SEE based
-  // move ordering.  The reason is probably that in a position with a winning
-  // capture, capturing a more valuable (but sufficiently defended) piece
-  // first usually doesn't hurt.  The opponent will have to recapture, and
-  // the hanging piece will still be hanging (except in the unusual cases
-  // where it is possible to recapture with the hanging piece). Exchanging
-  // big pieces before capturing a hanging piece probably helps to reduce
-  // the subtree size.
-  Move m;
-  int seeValue;
-
-  for (int i = 0; i < numOfMoves; i++)
-  {
-      m = moves[i].move;
-      seeValue = pos.see(m);
-      if (seeValue >= 0)
-      {
-          if (move_promotion(m))
-              moves[i].score = QueenValueMidgame;
-          else
-              moves[i].score = int(pos.midgame_value_of_piece_on(move_to(m)))
-                              -int(pos.type_of_piece_on(move_from(m)));
-      } else
-          moves[i].score = seeValue;
-  }
-}
-
-void MovePicker::score_noncaptures() {
-  // First score by history, when no history is available then use
-  // piece/square tables values. This seems to be better then a
-  // random choice when we don't have an history for any move.
-  Move m;
-  int hs;
-
-  for (int i = 0; i < numOfMoves; i++)
-  {
-      m = moves[i].move;
-
-      if (m == killer1)
-          hs = HistoryMax + 2;
-      else if (m == killer2)
-          hs = HistoryMax + 1;
-      else
-          hs = H.move_ordering_score(pos.piece_on(move_from(m)), m);
-
-      // Ensure moves in history are always sorted as first
-      if (hs > 0)
-          hs += 1000;
-
-      moves[i].score = hs + pos.mg_pst_delta(m);
-  }
-}
-
-void MovePicker::score_evasions() {
-
-  for (int i = 0; i < numOfMoves; i++)
-  {
-      Move m = moves[i].move;
-      if (m == ttMove)
-          moves[i].score = 2*HistoryMax;
-      else if (!pos.square_is_empty(move_to(m)))
-      {
-          int seeScore = pos.see(m);
-          moves[i].score = (seeScore >= 0)? seeScore + HistoryMax : seeScore;
-      } else
-          moves[i].score = H.move_ordering_score(pos.piece_on(move_from(m)), m);
-  }
-  // FIXME try psqt also here
-}
-
-void MovePicker::score_qcaptures() {
-
-  // Use MVV/LVA ordering
-  for (int i = 0; i < numOfMoves; i++)
-  {
-      Move m = moves[i].move;
-      if (move_promotion(m))
-          moves[i].score = QueenValueMidgame;
-      else
-          moves[i].score = int(pos.midgame_value_of_piece_on(move_to(m)))
-                          -int(pos.type_of_piece_on(move_from(m)));
-  }
-}
-
-
-/// find_best_index() loops across the moves and returns index of
-/// the highest scored one.
-
-int MovePicker::find_best_index() {
-
-  int bestScore = -10000000, bestIndex = -1;
-
-  for (int i = movesPicked; i < numOfMoves; i++)
-      if (moves[i].score > bestScore)
-      {
-          bestIndex = i;
-          bestScore = moves[i].score;
-      }
-  return bestIndex;
-}
-
-
-/// MovePicker::pick_move_from_list() picks the move with the biggest score
-/// from a list of generated moves (moves[] or badCaptures[], depending on
-/// the current move generation phase).  It takes care not to return the
-/// transposition table move if that has already been serched previously.
-/// While picking captures in the PH_GOOD_CAPTURES phase (i.e. while picking
-/// non-losing captures in the main search), it moves all captures with
-/// negative SEE values to the badCaptures[] array.
-
-Move MovePicker::pick_move_from_list() {
-
-  int bestIndex;
-  Move move;
-
-  switch (PhaseTable[phaseIndex]) {
-  case PH_GOOD_CAPTURES:
-      assert(!pos.is_check());
-      assert(movesPicked >= 0);
-
-      while (movesPicked < numOfMoves)
-      {
-          int bestScore = -10000000;
-          bestIndex = -1;
-          for (int i = movesPicked; i < numOfMoves; i++)
-          {
-              if (moves[i].score < 0)
-              {
-                  // Losing capture, move it to the badCaptures[] array
-                  assert(numOfBadCaptures < 63);
-                  badCaptures[numOfBadCaptures++] = moves[i];
-                  moves[i--] = moves[--numOfMoves];
-              }
-              else if (moves[i].score > bestScore)
-              {
-                  bestIndex = i;
-                  bestScore = moves[i].score;
-              }
-          }
-          if (bestIndex != -1) // Found a good capture
-          {
-              move = moves[bestIndex].move;
-              moves[bestIndex] = moves[movesPicked++];
-              if (   move != ttMove
-                  && move != mateKiller
-                  && pos.pl_move_is_legal(move, pinned))
-                  return move;
-          }
-      }
-      break;
-
-  case PH_NONCAPTURES:
-      assert(!pos.is_check());
-      assert(movesPicked >= 0);
-
-      while (movesPicked < numOfMoves)
-      {
-          // If this is a PV node or we have only picked a few moves, scan
-          // the entire move list for the best move.  If many moves have already
-          // been searched and it is not a PV node, we are probably failing low
-          // anyway, so we just pick the first move from the list.
-          bestIndex = (pvNode || movesPicked < 12) ? find_best_index() : movesPicked;
-
-          if (bestIndex != -1)
-          {
-              move = moves[bestIndex].move;
-              moves[bestIndex] = moves[movesPicked++];
-              if (   move != ttMove
-                  && move != mateKiller
-                  && pos.pl_move_is_legal(move, pinned))
-                  return move;
-          }
-      }
-      break;
-
-  case PH_EVASIONS:
-      assert(pos.is_check());
-      assert(movesPicked >= 0);
-
-      while (movesPicked < numOfMoves)
-      {
-          bestIndex = find_best_index();
-
-          if (bestIndex != -1)
-          {
-              move = moves[bestIndex].move;
-              moves[bestIndex] = moves[movesPicked++];
-              return move;
-          }
-    }
-    break;
-
-  case PH_BAD_CAPTURES:
-      assert(!pos.is_check());
-      assert(badCapturesPicked >= 0);
-      // It's probably a good idea to use SEE move ordering here, instead
-      // of just picking the first move.  FIXME
-      while (badCapturesPicked < numOfBadCaptures)
-      {
-          move = badCaptures[badCapturesPicked++].move;
-          if (   move != ttMove
-              && move != mateKiller
-              && pos.pl_move_is_legal(move, pinned))
-              return move;
-      }
-      break;
-
-  case PH_QCAPTURES:
-      assert(!pos.is_check());
-      assert(movesPicked >= 0);
-      while (movesPicked < numOfMoves)
-      {
-          bestIndex = (movesPicked < 4 ? find_best_index() : movesPicked);
-
-          if (bestIndex != -1)
-          {
-              move = moves[bestIndex].move;
-              moves[bestIndex] = moves[movesPicked++];
-              // Remember to change the line below if we decide to hash the qsearch!
-              // Maybe also postpone the legality check until after futility pruning?
-              if (/* move != ttMove && */ pos.pl_move_is_legal(move, pinned))
-                  return move;
-          }
-      }
-      break;
-
-  case PH_QCHECKS:
-      assert(!pos.is_check());
-      assert(movesPicked >= 0);
-      // Perhaps we should do something better than just picking the first
-      // move here?  FIXME
-      while (movesPicked < numOfMoves)
-      {
-          move = moves[movesPicked++].move;
-          // Remember to change the line below if we decide to hash the qsearch!
-          if (/* move != ttMove && */ pos.pl_move_is_legal(move, pinned))
-              return move;
-      }
-      break;
-
-  default:
-      break;
-  }
-  return MOVE_NONE;
-}
-
-
-/// MovePicker::current_move_type() returns the type of the just
-/// picked next move. It can be used in search to further differentiate
-/// according to the current move type: capture, non capture, escape, etc.
-MovePicker::MovegenPhase MovePicker::current_move_type() const {
-
-  return PhaseTable[phaseIndex];
-}
-
-
-/// MovePicker::init_phase_table() initializes the PhaseTable[],
-/// MainSearchPhaseIndex, EvasionPhaseIndex, QsearchWithChecksPhaseIndex
-/// and QsearchWithoutChecksPhaseIndex variables. It is only called once
-/// during program startup, and never again while the program is running.
-
-void MovePicker::init_phase_table() {
-
-  int i = 0;
-
-  // Main search
-  MainSearchPhaseIndex = i - 1;
-  PhaseTable[i++] = PH_TT_MOVE;
-  PhaseTable[i++] = PH_MATE_KILLER;
-  PhaseTable[i++] = PH_GOOD_CAPTURES;
-  // PH_KILLER_1 and PH_KILLER_2 are not yet used.
-  // PhaseTable[i++] = PH_KILLER_1;
-  // PhaseTable[i++] = PH_KILLER_2;
-  PhaseTable[i++] = PH_NONCAPTURES;
-  PhaseTable[i++] = PH_BAD_CAPTURES;
-  PhaseTable[i++] = PH_STOP;
-
-  // Check evasions
-  EvasionsPhaseIndex = i - 1;
-  PhaseTable[i++] = PH_EVASIONS;
-  PhaseTable[i++] = PH_STOP;
-
-  // Quiescence search with checks
-  QsearchWithChecksPhaseIndex = i - 1;
-  PhaseTable[i++] = PH_QCAPTURES;
-  PhaseTable[i++] = PH_QCHECKS;
-  PhaseTable[i++] = PH_STOP;
-
-  // Quiescence search without checks
-  QsearchWithoutChecksPhaseIndex = i - 1;
-  PhaseTable[i++] = PH_QCAPTURES;
-  PhaseTable[i++] = PH_STOP;
-}

src/movepick.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 ////
 
 #include "depth.h"
+#include "history.h"
 #include "lock.h"
 #include "position.h"
 
@@ -34,9 +35,11 @@
 //// Types
 ////
 
+struct SearchStack;
+
 /// MovePicker is a class which is used to pick one legal move at a time from
-/// the current position.  It is initialized with a Position object and a few
-/// moves we have reason to believe are good.  The most important method is
+/// the current position. It is initialized with a Position object and a few
+/// moves we have reason to believe are good. The most important method is
 /// MovePicker::pick_next_move(), which returns a new legal move each time it
 /// is called, until there are no legal moves left, when MOVE_NONE is returned.
 /// In order to improve the efficiency of the alpha beta algorithm, MovePicker
@@ -44,50 +47,30 @@
 
 class MovePicker {
 
+  MovePicker& operator=(const MovePicker&); // silence a warning under MSVC
+
 public:
-
-  enum MovegenPhase {
-    PH_TT_MOVE,        // Transposition table move
-    PH_MATE_KILLER,    // Mate killer from the current ply
-    PH_GOOD_CAPTURES,  // Queen promotions and captures with SEE values >= 0
-    PH_BAD_CAPTURES,   // Queen promotions and captures with SEE values < 0
-    PH_KILLER_1,       // Killer move 1 from the current ply (not used yet).
-    PH_KILLER_2,       // Killer move 2 from the current ply (not used yet).
-    PH_NONCAPTURES,    // Non-captures and underpromotions
-    PH_EVASIONS,       // Check evasions
-    PH_QCAPTURES,      // Captures in quiescence search
-    PH_QCHECKS,        // Checks in quiescence search
-    PH_STOP
-  };
-
-  MovePicker(const Position& p, bool pvnode, Move ttm, Move mk, Move k1, Move k2, Depth d);
+  MovePicker(const Position& p, Move ttm, Depth d, const History& h, SearchStack* ss = NULL);
   Move get_next_move();
-  Move get_next_move(Lock &lock);
-  int number_of_moves() const;
-  int current_move_score() const;
-  MovegenPhase current_move_type() const;
+  Move get_next_move(Lock& lock);
+  int number_of_evasions() const;
   Bitboard discovered_check_candidates() const;
 
-  static void init_phase_table();
-
 private:
   void score_captures();
   void score_noncaptures();
   void score_evasions();
-  void score_qcaptures();
-  Move pick_move_from_list();
-  int find_best_index();
+  void go_next_phase();
 
   const Position& pos;
-  Move ttMove, mateKiller, killer1, killer2;
-  Bitboard pinned, dc;
-  MoveStack moves[256], badCaptures[64];
-  bool pvNode;
-  Depth depth;
-  int phaseIndex;
-  int numOfMoves, numOfBadCaptures;
-  int movesPicked, badCapturesPicked;
+  const History& H;
+  MoveStack ttMoves[2], killers[2];
   bool finished;
+  int phase;
+  const uint8_t* phasePtr;
+  MoveStack *curMove, *lastMove, *lastBadCapture;
+  Bitboard dc, pinned;
+  MoveStack moves[256], badCaptures[64];
 };
 
 
@@ -95,18 +78,18 @@ private:
 //// Inline functions
 ////
 
-/// MovePicker::number_of_moves() simply returns the numOfMoves member
-/// variable. It is intended to be used in positions where the side to move
-/// is in check, for detecting checkmates or situations where there is only
-/// a single reply to check.
+/// MovePicker::number_of_evasions() simply returns the number of moves in
+/// evasions phase. It is intended to be used in positions where the side to
+/// move is in check, for detecting checkmates or situations where there is
+/// only a single reply to check.
+/// WARNING: It works as long as PH_EVASIONS is the _only_ phase for evasions.
 
-inline int MovePicker::number_of_moves() const {
-
-  return numOfMoves;
+inline int MovePicker::number_of_evasions() const {
+  return int(lastMove - moves);
 }
 
 /// MovePicker::discovered_check_candidates() returns a bitboard containing
-/// all pieces which can possibly give discovered check.  This bitboard is
+/// all pieces which can possibly give discovered check. This bitboard is
 /// computed by the constructor function.
 
 inline Bitboard MovePicker::discovered_check_candidates() const {

src/pawns.cpp

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
@@ -23,8 +23,11 @@
 ////
 
 #include <cassert>
+#include <cstring>
 
+#include "bitcount.h"
 #include "pawns.h"
+#include "position.h"
 
 
 ////
@@ -35,100 +38,95 @@ namespace {
 
   /// Constants and variables
 
-  // Doubled pawn penalty by file, middle game.
+  // Doubled pawn penalty by file, middle game
   const Value DoubledPawnMidgamePenalty[8] = {
-    Value(20), Value(30), Value(34), Value(34),
-    Value(34), Value(34), Value(30), Value(20)
+    Value(13), Value(20), Value(23), Value(23),
+    Value(23), Value(23), Value(20), Value(13)
   };
 
-  // Doubled pawn penalty by file, endgame.
+  // Doubled pawn penalty by file, endgame
   const Value DoubledPawnEndgamePenalty[8] = {
-    Value(35), Value(40), Value(40), Value(40),
-    Value(40), Value(40), Value(40), Value(35)
+    Value(43), Value(48), Value(48), Value(48),
+    Value(48), Value(48), Value(48), Value(43)
   };
 
-  // Isolated pawn penalty by file, middle game.
+  // Isolated pawn penalty by file, middle game
   const Value IsolatedPawnMidgamePenalty[8] = {
-    Value(20), Value(30), Value(34), Value(34),
-    Value(34), Value(34), Value(30), Value(20)
+    Value(25), Value(36), Value(40), Value(40),
+    Value(40), Value(40), Value(36), Value(25)
   };
 
-  // Isolated pawn penalty by file, endgame.
+  // Isolated pawn penalty by file, endgame
   const Value IsolatedPawnEndgamePenalty[8] = {
-    Value(35), Value(40), Value(40), Value(40),
-    Value(40), Value(40), Value(40), Value(35)
+    Value(30), Value(35), Value(35), Value(35),
+    Value(35), Value(35), Value(35), Value(30)
   };
 
-  // Backward pawn penalty by file, middle game.
+  // Backward pawn penalty by file, middle game
   const Value BackwardPawnMidgamePenalty[8] = {
-    Value(16), Value(24), Value(27), Value(27),
-    Value(27), Value(27), Value(24), Value(16)
+    Value(20), Value(29), Value(33), Value(33),
+    Value(33), Value(33), Value(29), Value(20)
   };
 
-  // Backward pawn penalty by file, endgame.
+  // Backward pawn penalty by file, endgame
   const Value BackwardPawnEndgamePenalty[8] = {
-    Value(28), Value(32), Value(32), Value(32),
-    Value(32), Value(32), Value(32), Value(28)
+    Value(28), Value(31), Value(31), Value(31),
+    Value(31), Value(31), Value(31), Value(28)
   };
 
-  // Pawn chain membership bonus by file, middle game. 
+  // Pawn chain membership bonus by file, middle game
   const Value ChainMidgameBonus[8] = {
-    Value(14), Value(16), Value(17), Value(18),
-    Value(18), Value(17), Value(16), Value(14)
+    Value(11), Value(13), Value(13), Value(14),
+    Value(14), Value(13), Value(13), Value(11)
   };
 
-  // Pawn chain membership bonus by file, endgame. 
+  // Pawn chain membership bonus by file, endgame
   const Value ChainEndgameBonus[8] = {
-    Value(16), Value(16), Value(16), Value(16),
-    Value(16), Value(16), Value(16), Value(16)
+    Value(-1), Value(-1), Value(-1), Value(-1),
+    Value(-1), Value(-1), Value(-1), Value(-1)
   };
 
-  // Candidate passed pawn bonus by rank, middle game.
+  // Candidate passed pawn bonus by rank, middle game
   const Value CandidateMidgameBonus[8] = {
-    Value(0), Value(12), Value(12), Value(20),
-    Value(40), Value(90), Value(0), Value(0)
+    Value( 0), Value( 6), Value(6), Value(14),
+    Value(34), Value(83), Value(0), Value( 0)
   };
 
-  // Candidate passed pawn bonus by rank, endgame.
+  // Candidate passed pawn bonus by rank, endgame
   const Value CandidateEndgameBonus[8] = {
-    Value(0), Value(24), Value(24), Value(40),
-    Value(80), Value(180), Value(0), Value(0)
+    Value( 0), Value( 13), Value(13), Value(29),
+    Value(68), Value(166), Value( 0), Value( 0)
   };
 
-  // Evaluate pawn storms?
-  const bool EvaluatePawnStorms = true;
-
-  // Pawn storm tables for positions with opposite castling:
+  // Pawn storm tables for positions with opposite castling
   const int QStormTable[64] = {
-    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-    -22, -22, -22, -13, -4, 0, 0, 0,
-    -4, -9, -9, -9, -4, 0, 0, 0,
-    9, 18, 22, 18, 9, 0, 0, 0,
-    22, 31, 31, 22, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-    31, 40, 40, 31, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-    31, 40, 40, 31, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
+    0,  0,  0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+  -22,-22,-22,-14,-6, 0, 0, 0,
+   -6,-10,-10,-10,-6, 0, 0, 0,
+    4, 12, 16, 12, 4, 0, 0, 0,
+   16, 23, 23, 16, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+   23, 31, 31, 23, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+   23, 31, 31, 23, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0,  0,  0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0
   };
-  
+
   const int KStormTable[64] = {
-    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-    0, 0, 0, -4, -13, -22, -27, -27,
-    0, 0, 0, -4, -9, -13, -18, -18,
-    0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 9, 9, 9,
-    0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 18, 27, 27,
-    0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 27, 40, 36,
-    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 31, 40, 31,
-    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
+    0, 0, 0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,
+    0, 0, 0,-10,-19,-28,-33,-33,
+    0, 0, 0,-10,-15,-19,-24,-24,
+    0, 0, 0,  0,  1,  1,  1,  1,
+    0, 0, 0,  0,  1, 10, 19, 19,
+    0, 0, 0,  0,  1, 19, 31, 27,
+    0, 0, 0,  0,  0, 22, 31, 22,
+    0, 0, 0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0
   };
 
-  // Pawn storm open file bonuses by file:
-  const int KStormOpenFileBonus[8] = {
-    45, 45, 30, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
-  };
+  // Pawn storm open file bonuses by file
+  const int16_t KStormOpenFileBonus[8] = { 31, 31, 18, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
+  const int16_t QStormOpenFileBonus[8] = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 26, 42, 26 };
 
-  const int QStormOpenFileBonus[8] = {
-    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 30, 45, 30
-  };
+  // Pawn storm lever bonuses by file
+  const int StormLeverBonus[8] = { -8, -8, -13, 0, 0, -13, -8, -8 };
 
 }
 
@@ -140,14 +138,15 @@ namespace {
 /// Constructor
 
 PawnInfoTable::PawnInfoTable(unsigned numOfEntries) {
+
   size = numOfEntries;
   entries = new PawnInfo[size];
-  if(entries == NULL) {
-    std::cerr << "Failed to allocate " << (numOfEntries * sizeof(PawnInfo))
-              << " bytes for pawn hash table." << std::endl;
-    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+  if (!entries)
+  {
+      std::cerr << "Failed to allocate " << (numOfEntries * sizeof(PawnInfo))
+                << " bytes for pawn hash table." << std::endl;
+      Application::exit_with_failure();
   }
-  this->clear();
 }
 
 
@@ -158,229 +157,253 @@ PawnInfoTable::~PawnInfoTable() {
 }
 
 
-/// PawnInfoTable::clear() clears the pawn hash table by setting all
-/// entries to 0.
+/// PawnInfo::clear() resets to zero the PawnInfo entry. Note that
+/// kingSquares[] is initialized to SQ_NONE instead.
 
-void PawnInfoTable::clear() {
-  memset(entries, 0, size * sizeof(PawnInfo));
+void PawnInfo::clear() {
+
+  memset(this, 0, sizeof(PawnInfo));
+  kingSquares[WHITE] = kingSquares[BLACK] = SQ_NONE;
 }
 
 
 /// PawnInfoTable::get_pawn_info() takes a position object as input, computes
-/// a PawnInfo object, and returns a pointer to it.  The result is also 
+/// a PawnInfo object, and returns a pointer to it.  The result is also
 /// stored in a hash table, so we don't have to recompute everything when
 /// the same pawn structure occurs again.
 
-PawnInfo *PawnInfoTable::get_pawn_info(const Position &pos) {
+PawnInfo* PawnInfoTable::get_pawn_info(const Position& pos) {
+
   assert(pos.is_ok());
 
   Key key = pos.get_pawn_key();
   int index = int(key & (size - 1));
-  PawnInfo *pi = entries + index;
+  PawnInfo* pi = entries + index;
 
-  // If pi->key matches the position's pawn hash key, it means that we 
-  // have analysed this pawn structure before, and we can simply return the
-  // information we found the last time instead of recomputing it:
-  if(pi->key == key)
-    return pi;
+  // If pi->key matches the position's pawn hash key, it means that we
+  // have analysed this pawn structure before, and we can simply return
+  // the information we found the last time instead of recomputing it.
+  if (pi->key == key)
+      return pi;
 
-  // Clear the PawnInfo object, and set the key:
+  // Clear the PawnInfo object, and set the key
   pi->clear();
   pi->key = key;
 
   Value mgValue[2] = {Value(0), Value(0)};
   Value egValue[2] = {Value(0), Value(0)};
 
-  // Loop through the pawns for both colors:
-  for(Color us = WHITE; us <= BLACK; us++) {
+  // Calculate pawn attacks
+  pi->pawnAttacks[WHITE] = ((pos.pieces(PAWN, WHITE) << 9) & ~FileABB) | ((pos.pieces(PAWN, WHITE) << 7) & ~FileHBB);
+  pi->pawnAttacks[BLACK] = ((pos.pieces(PAWN, BLACK) >> 7) & ~FileABB) | ((pos.pieces(PAWN, BLACK) >> 9) & ~FileHBB);
+
+  // Loop through the pawns for both colors
+  for (Color us = WHITE; us <= BLACK; us++)
+  {
     Color them = opposite_color(us);
-    Bitboard ourPawns = pos.pawns(us);
-    Bitboard theirPawns = pos.pawns(them);
+    Bitboard ourPawns = pos.pieces(PAWN, us);
+    Bitboard theirPawns = pos.pieces(PAWN, them);
     Bitboard pawns = ourPawns;
 
-    // Initialize pawn storm scores by giving bonuses for open files:
-    if(EvaluatePawnStorms)
-      for(File f = FILE_A; f <= FILE_H; f++)
-        if(pos.file_is_half_open(us, f)) {
-          pi->ksStormValue[us] += KStormOpenFileBonus[f];
-          pi->qsStormValue[us] += QStormOpenFileBonus[f];
+    // Initialize pawn storm scores by giving bonuses for open files
+    for (File f = FILE_A; f <= FILE_H; f++)
+        if (!(pawns & file_bb(f)))
+        {
+            pi->ksStormValue[us] += KStormOpenFileBonus[f];
+            pi->qsStormValue[us] += QStormOpenFileBonus[f];
+            pi->halfOpenFiles[us] |= (1 << f);
         }
 
-    // Loop through all pawns of the current color and score each pawn:
-    while(pawns) {
-      Square s = pop_1st_bit(&pawns);
-      File f = square_file(s);
-      Rank r = square_rank(s);
-      bool passed, doubled, isolated, backward, chain, candidate;
-      int bonus;
+    // Loop through all pawns of the current color and score each pawn
+    while (pawns)
+    {
+        Square s = pop_1st_bit(&pawns);
+        File f = square_file(s);
+        Rank r = square_rank(s);
 
-      assert(pos.piece_on(s) == pawn_of_color(us));
+        assert(pos.piece_on(s) == piece_of_color_and_type(us, PAWN));
 
-      // The file containing the pawn is not half open:
-      pi->halfOpenFiles[us] &= ~(1 << f);
+        // Passed, isolated or doubled pawn?
+        bool passed   = Position::pawn_is_passed(theirPawns, us, s);
+        bool isolated = Position::pawn_is_isolated(ourPawns, s);
+        bool doubled  = Position::pawn_is_doubled(ourPawns, us, s);
 
-      // Passed, isolated or doubled pawn?
-      passed = pos.pawn_is_passed(us, s);
-      isolated = pos.pawn_is_isolated(us, s);
-      doubled = pos.pawn_is_doubled(us, s);
-
-      if(EvaluatePawnStorms) {
         // We calculate kingside and queenside pawn storm
-        // scores for both colors.  These are used when evaluating
+        // scores for both colors. These are used when evaluating
         // middle game positions with opposite side castling.
         //
         // Each pawn is given a base score given by a piece square table
-        // (KStormTable[] or QStormTable[]).  This score is increased if
-        // there are enemy pawns on adjacent files in front of the pawn.
-        // This is because we want to be able to open files against the
-        // enemy king, and to avoid blocking the pawn structure (e.g. white
-        // pawns on h6, g5, black pawns on h7, g6, f7).
-        
-        // Kingside pawn storms:
-        bonus = KStormTable[relative_square(us, s)];
-        if(bonus > 0 && outpost_mask(us, s) & theirPawns) {
-          switch(f) {
+        // (KStormTable[] or QStormTable[]). Pawns which seem to have good
+        // chances of creating an open file by exchanging itself against an
+        // enemy pawn on an adjacent file gets an additional bonus.
 
-          case FILE_F:
-            bonus += bonus / 4;
-            break;
-
-          case FILE_G:
-            bonus += bonus / 2 + bonus / 4;
-            break;
-
-          case FILE_H:
-            bonus += bonus / 2;
-            break;
-
-          default:
-            break;
-          }
+        // Kingside pawn storms
+        int bonus = KStormTable[relative_square(us, s)];
+        if (f >= FILE_F)
+        {
+            Bitboard b = outpost_mask(us, s) & theirPawns & (FileFBB | FileGBB | FileHBB);
+            while (b)
+            {
+                Square s2 = pop_1st_bit(&b);
+                if (!(theirPawns & neighboring_files_bb(s2) & rank_bb(s2)))
+                {
+                    // The enemy pawn has no pawn beside itself, which makes it
+                    // particularly vulnerable. Big bonus, especially against a
+                    // weakness on the rook file.
+                    if (square_file(s2) == FILE_H)
+                        bonus += 4*StormLeverBonus[f] - 8*square_distance(s, s2);
+                    else
+                        bonus += 2*StormLeverBonus[f] - 4*square_distance(s, s2);
+                } else
+                    // There is at least one enemy pawn beside the enemy pawn we look
+                    // at, which means that the pawn has somewhat better chances of
+                    // defending itself by advancing. Smaller bonus.
+                    bonus += StormLeverBonus[f] - 2*square_distance(s, s2);
+            }
         }
         pi->ksStormValue[us] += bonus;
 
-        // Queenside pawn storms:
+        // Queenside pawn storms
         bonus = QStormTable[relative_square(us, s)];
-        if(bonus > 0 && passed_pawn_mask(us, s) & theirPawns) {
-          switch(f) {
-
-          case FILE_A:
-            bonus += bonus / 2;
-            break;
-
-          case FILE_B:
-            bonus += bonus / 2 + bonus / 4;
-            break;
-
-          case FILE_C:
-            bonus += bonus / 2;
-            break;
-
-          default:
-            break;
-          }
+        if (f <= FILE_C)
+        {
+            Bitboard b = outpost_mask(us, s) & theirPawns & (FileABB | FileBBB | FileCBB);
+            while (b)
+            {
+                Square s2 = pop_1st_bit(&b);
+                if (!(theirPawns & neighboring_files_bb(s2) & rank_bb(s2)))
+                {
+                    // The enemy pawn has no pawn beside itself, which makes it
+                    // particularly vulnerable. Big bonus, especially against a
+                    // weakness on the rook file.
+                    if (square_file(s2) == FILE_A)
+                        bonus += 4*StormLeverBonus[f] - 16*square_distance(s, s2);
+                    else
+                        bonus += 2*StormLeverBonus[f] - 8*square_distance(s, s2);
+                } else
+                    // There is at least one enemy pawn beside the enemy pawn we look
+                    // at, which means that the pawn has somewhat better chances of
+                    // defending itself by advancing. Smaller bonus.
+                    bonus += StormLeverBonus[f] - 4*square_distance(s, s2);
+            }
         }
         pi->qsStormValue[us] += bonus;
-      }
-      
-      // Member of a pawn chain?  We could speed up the test a little by 
-      // introducing an array of masks indexed by color and square for doing
-      // the test, but because everything is hashed, it probably won't make
-      // any noticable difference.
-      chain = (us == WHITE)?
-        (ourPawns & neighboring_files_bb(f) & (rank_bb(r) | rank_bb(r-1))) :
-        (ourPawns & neighboring_files_bb(f) & (rank_bb(r) | rank_bb(r+1)));
 
+        // Member of a pawn chain (but not the backward one)? We could speed up
+        // the test a little by introducing an array of masks indexed by color
+        // and square for doing the test, but because everything is hashed,
+        // it probably won't make any noticable difference.
+        bool chain =  ourPawns
+                    & neighboring_files_bb(f)
+                    & (rank_bb(r) | rank_bb(r - (us == WHITE ? 1 : -1)));
 
-      // Test for backward pawn.
-
-      // If the pawn is isolated, passed, or member of a pawn chain, it cannot
-      // be backward:
-      if(passed || isolated || chain)
-        backward = false;
-      // If the pawn can capture an enemy pawn, it's not backward:
-      else if(pos.pawn_attacks(us, s) & theirPawns)
-        backward = false;
-      // Check for friendly pawns behind on neighboring files:
-      else if(ourPawns & in_front_bb(them, r) & neighboring_files_bb(f))
-        backward = false;
-      else {
-        // We now know that there is no friendly pawns beside or behind this
-        // pawn on neighboring files.  We now check whether the pawn is
-        // backward by looking in the forward direction on the neighboring
-        // files, and seeing whether we meet a friendly or an enemy pawn first.
-        Bitboard b;
-        if(us == WHITE) {
-          for(b=pos.pawn_attacks(us, s); !(b&(ourPawns|theirPawns)); b<<=8);
-          backward = (b | (b << 8)) & theirPawns;
+        // Test for backward pawn
+        //
+        // If the pawn is passed, isolated, or member of a pawn chain
+        // it cannot be backward. If can capture an enemy pawn or if
+        // there are friendly pawns behind on neighboring files it cannot
+        // be backward either.
+        bool backward;
+        if (   passed
+            || isolated
+            || chain
+            || (pos.attacks_from<PAWN>(s, us) & theirPawns)
+            || (ourPawns & behind_bb(us, r) & neighboring_files_bb(f)))
+            backward = false;
+        else
+        {
+            // We now know that there are no friendly pawns beside or behind this
+            // pawn on neighboring files. We now check whether the pawn is
+            // backward by looking in the forward direction on the neighboring
+            // files, and seeing whether we meet a friendly or an enemy pawn first.
+            Bitboard b = pos.attacks_from<PAWN>(s, us);
+            if (us == WHITE)
+            {
+                for ( ; !(b & (ourPawns | theirPawns)); b <<= 8);
+                backward = (b | (b << 8)) & theirPawns;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                for ( ; !(b & (ourPawns | theirPawns)); b >>= 8);
+                backward = (b | (b >> 8)) & theirPawns;
+            }
         }
-        else {
-          for(b=pos.pawn_attacks(us, s); !(b&(ourPawns|theirPawns)); b>>=8);
-          backward = (b | (b >> 8)) & theirPawns;
+
+        // Test for candidate passed pawn
+        bool candidate;
+        candidate =    !passed
+                    && !(theirPawns & file_bb(f))
+                    && (  count_1s_max_15(neighboring_files_bb(f) & (behind_bb(us, r) | rank_bb(r)) & ourPawns)
+                        - count_1s_max_15(neighboring_files_bb(f) & in_front_bb(us, r)              & theirPawns)
+                        >= 0);
+
+        // In order to prevent doubled passed pawns from receiving a too big
+        // bonus, only the frontmost passed pawn on each file is considered as
+        // a true passed pawn.
+        if (passed && (ourPawns & squares_in_front_of(us, s)))
+            passed = false;
+
+        // Score this pawn
+        if (passed)
+            set_bit(&(pi->passedPawns), s);
+
+        if (isolated)
+        {
+            mgValue[us] -= IsolatedPawnMidgamePenalty[f];
+            egValue[us] -= IsolatedPawnEndgamePenalty[f];
+            if (!(theirPawns & file_bb(f)))
+            {
+                mgValue[us] -= IsolatedPawnMidgamePenalty[f] / 2;
+                egValue[us] -= IsolatedPawnEndgamePenalty[f] / 2;
+            }
         }
-      }
-
-      // Test for candidate passed pawn.
-      candidate =
-        (!passed && pos.file_is_half_open(them, f) &&
-         count_1s_max_15(neighboring_files_bb(f)
-                         & (in_front_bb(them, r) | rank_bb(r))
-                         & ourPawns)
-         - count_1s_max_15(neighboring_files_bb(f) & in_front_bb(us, r)
-                           & theirPawns)
-         >= 0);
-
-      // In order to prevent doubled passed pawns from receiving a too big
-      // bonus, only the frontmost passed pawn on each file is considered as
-      // a true passed pawn.
-      if(passed && (ourPawns & squares_in_front_of(us, s))) {
-        // candidate = true;
-        passed = false;
-      }
-
-      // Score this pawn:
-      Value mv = Value(0), ev = Value(0);
-      if(isolated) {
-        mv -= IsolatedPawnMidgamePenalty[f];
-        ev -= IsolatedPawnEndgamePenalty[f];
-        if(pos.file_is_half_open(them, f)) {
-          mv -= IsolatedPawnMidgamePenalty[f] / 2;
-          ev -= IsolatedPawnEndgamePenalty[f] / 2;
+        if (doubled)
+        {
+            mgValue[us] -= DoubledPawnMidgamePenalty[f];
+            egValue[us] -= DoubledPawnEndgamePenalty[f];
         }
-      }
-      if(doubled)  {
-        mv -= DoubledPawnMidgamePenalty[f];
-        ev -= DoubledPawnEndgamePenalty[f];
-      }
-      if(backward)  {
-        mv -= BackwardPawnMidgamePenalty[f];
-        ev -= BackwardPawnEndgamePenalty[f];
-        if(pos.file_is_half_open(them, f)) {
-          mv -= BackwardPawnMidgamePenalty[f] / 2;
-          ev -= BackwardPawnEndgamePenalty[f] / 2;
+        if (backward)
+        {
+            mgValue[us] -= BackwardPawnMidgamePenalty[f];
+            egValue[us] -= BackwardPawnEndgamePenalty[f];
+            if (!(theirPawns & file_bb(f)))
+            {
+                mgValue[us] -= BackwardPawnMidgamePenalty[f] / 2;
+                egValue[us] -= BackwardPawnEndgamePenalty[f] / 2;
+            }
         }
-      }
-      if(chain) {
-        mv += ChainMidgameBonus[f];
-        ev += ChainEndgameBonus[f];
-      }
-      if(candidate) {
-        mv += CandidateMidgameBonus[relative_rank(us, s)];
-        ev += CandidateEndgameBonus[relative_rank(us, s)];
-      }
-
-      mgValue[us] += mv;
-      egValue[us] += ev;
-        
-      // If the pawn is passed, set the square of the pawn in the passedPawns
-      // bitboard:
-      if(passed)
-        set_bit(&(pi->passedPawns), s);
-    }
-  }
+        if (chain)
+        {
+            mgValue[us] += ChainMidgameBonus[f];
+            egValue[us] += ChainEndgameBonus[f];
+        }
+        if (candidate)
+        {
+            mgValue[us] += CandidateMidgameBonus[relative_rank(us, s)];
+            egValue[us] += CandidateEndgameBonus[relative_rank(us, s)];
+        }
+    } // while(pawns)
+  } // for(colors)
 
   pi->mgValue = int16_t(mgValue[WHITE] - mgValue[BLACK]);
   pi->egValue = int16_t(egValue[WHITE] - egValue[BLACK]);
-
   return pi;
 }
+
+
+/// PawnInfo::updateShelter calculates and caches king shelter. It is called
+/// only when king square changes, about 20% of total get_king_shelter() calls.
+int PawnInfo::updateShelter(const Position& pos, Color c, Square ksq) {
+
+  unsigned shelter = 0;
+  Bitboard pawns = pos.pieces(PAWN, c) & this_and_neighboring_files_bb(ksq);
+  unsigned r = ksq & (7 << 3);
+  for (int i = 1, k = (c ? -8 : 8); i < 4; i++)
+  {
+      r += k;
+      shelter += BitCount8Bit[(pawns >> r) & 0xFF] * (128 >> i);
+  }
+  kingSquares[c] = ksq;
+  kingShelters[c] = shelter;
+  return shelter;
+}

src/pawns.h

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
@@ -25,45 +25,53 @@
 //// Includes
 ////
 
-#include "position.h"
-
+#include "bitboard.h"
+#include "value.h"
 
 ////
 //// Types
 ////
 
-/// PawnInfo is a class which contains various information about a pawn 
-/// structure.  Currently, it only includes a middle game and an end game
-/// pawn structure evaluation, and a bitboard of passed pawns.  We may want
-/// to add further information in the future.  A lookup to the pawn hash table
+/// PawnInfo is a class which contains various information about a pawn
+/// structure. Currently, it only includes a middle game and an end game
+/// pawn structure evaluation, and a bitboard of passed pawns. We may want
+/// to add further information in the future. A lookup to the pawn hash table
 /// (performed by calling the get_pawn_info method in a PawnInfoTable object)
 /// returns a pointer to a PawnInfo object.
+class Position;
 
 class PawnInfo {
 
   friend class PawnInfoTable;
 
 public:
+  PawnInfo() { clear(); }
+
   Value mg_value() const;
   Value eg_value() const;
   Value kingside_storm_value(Color c) const;
   Value queenside_storm_value(Color c) const;
+  Bitboard pawn_attacks(Color c) const;
   Bitboard passed_pawns() const;
-  bool file_is_half_open(Color c, File f) const;
-  bool has_open_file_to_left(Color c, File f) const;
-  bool has_open_file_to_right(Color c, File f) const;
+  int file_is_half_open(Color c, File f) const;
+  int has_open_file_to_left(Color c, File f) const;
+  int has_open_file_to_right(Color c, File f) const;
+  int get_king_shelter(const Position& pos, Color c, Square ksq);
 
 private:
   void clear();
+  int updateShelter(const Position& pos, Color c, Square ksq);
 
   Key key;
   Bitboard passedPawns;
+  Bitboard pawnAttacks[2];
   int16_t mgValue, egValue;
-  int8_t ksStormValue[2], qsStormValue[2];
+  int16_t ksStormValue[2], qsStormValue[2];
   uint8_t halfOpenFiles[2];
+  Square kingSquares[2];
+  uint8_t kingShelters[2];
 };
 
-
 /// The PawnInfoTable class represents a pawn hash table.  It is basically
 /// just an array of PawnInfo objects and a few methods for accessing these
 /// objects.  The most important method is get_pawn_info, which looks up a
@@ -74,12 +82,11 @@ class PawnInfoTable {
 public:
   PawnInfoTable(unsigned numOfEntries);
   ~PawnInfoTable();
-  void clear();
-  PawnInfo *get_pawn_info(const Position &pos);
+  PawnInfo* get_pawn_info(const Position& pos);
 
 private:
   unsigned size;
-  PawnInfo *entries;
+  PawnInfo* entries;
 };
 
 
@@ -99,6 +106,10 @@ inline Bitboard PawnInfo::passed_pawns() const {
   return passedPawns;
 }
 
+inline Bitboard PawnInfo::pawn_attacks(Color c) const {
+  return pawnAttacks[c];
+}
+
 inline Value PawnInfo::kingside_storm_value(Color c) const {
   return Value(ksStormValue[c]);
 }
@@ -107,25 +118,20 @@ inline Value PawnInfo::queenside_storm_value(Color c) const {
   return Value(qsStormValue[c]);
 }
 
-inline bool PawnInfo::file_is_half_open(Color c, File f) const {
+inline int PawnInfo::file_is_half_open(Color c, File f) const {
   return (halfOpenFiles[c] & (1 << int(f)));
 }
 
-inline bool PawnInfo::has_open_file_to_left(Color c, File f) const {
+inline int PawnInfo::has_open_file_to_left(Color c, File f) const {
   return halfOpenFiles[c] & ((1 << int(f)) - 1);
 }
 
-inline bool PawnInfo::has_open_file_to_right(Color c, File f) const {
+inline int PawnInfo::has_open_file_to_right(Color c, File f) const {
   return halfOpenFiles[c] & ~((1 << int(f+1)) - 1);
 }
 
-inline void PawnInfo::clear() {
-  mgValue = egValue = 0;
-  passedPawns = EmptyBoardBB;
-  ksStormValue[WHITE] = ksStormValue[BLACK] = 0;
-  qsStormValue[WHITE] = qsStormValue[BLACK] = 0;
-  halfOpenFiles[WHITE] = halfOpenFiles[BLACK] = 0xFF;
+inline int PawnInfo::get_king_shelter(const Position& pos, Color c, Square ksq) {
+  return (kingSquares[c] == ksq ? kingShelters[c] : updateShelter(pos, c, ksq));
 }
 
-
 #endif // !defined(PAWNS_H_INCLUDED)

src/piece.cpp

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
@@ -22,74 +22,28 @@
 //// Includes
 ////
 
-#include <cstring>
+#include <string>
 
 #include "piece.h"
 
-
-////
-//// Constants and variables
-////
-
-const int SlidingArray[18] = {
-  0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0
-};
-
-const SquareDelta Directions[16][16] = {
-  {DELTA_ZERO},
-  {DELTA_NW, DELTA_NE, DELTA_ZERO},
-  {DELTA_SSW, DELTA_SSE, DELTA_SWW, DELTA_SEE,
-   DELTA_NWW, DELTA_NEE, DELTA_NNW, DELTA_NNE, DELTA_ZERO},
-  {DELTA_SE, DELTA_SW, DELTA_NE, DELTA_NW, DELTA_ZERO},
-  {DELTA_S, DELTA_E, DELTA_W, DELTA_N, DELTA_ZERO},
-  {DELTA_S, DELTA_E, DELTA_W, DELTA_N, 
-   DELTA_SE, DELTA_SW, DELTA_NE, DELTA_NW, DELTA_ZERO},
-  {DELTA_S, DELTA_E, DELTA_W, DELTA_N, 
-   DELTA_SE, DELTA_SW, DELTA_NE, DELTA_NW, DELTA_ZERO},
-  {DELTA_ZERO},
-  {DELTA_ZERO},
-  {DELTA_SW, DELTA_SE, DELTA_ZERO},
-  {DELTA_SSW, DELTA_SSE, DELTA_SWW, DELTA_SEE,
-   DELTA_NWW, DELTA_NEE, DELTA_NNW, DELTA_NNE, DELTA_ZERO},
-  {DELTA_SE, DELTA_SW, DELTA_NE, DELTA_NW, DELTA_ZERO},
-  {DELTA_S, DELTA_E, DELTA_W, DELTA_N, DELTA_ZERO},
-  {DELTA_S, DELTA_E, DELTA_W, DELTA_N, 
-   DELTA_SE, DELTA_SW, DELTA_NE, DELTA_NW, DELTA_ZERO},
-  {DELTA_S, DELTA_E, DELTA_W, DELTA_N, 
-   DELTA_SE, DELTA_SW, DELTA_NE, DELTA_NW, DELTA_ZERO},
-};   
-
-const SquareDelta PawnPush[2] = {
-  DELTA_N, DELTA_S
-};
-
+using namespace std;
 
 ////
 //// Functions
 ////
 
-/// Translating piece types to/from English piece letters:
+/// Translating piece types to/from English piece letters
 
-static const char PieceChars[] = " pnbrqk";
+static const string PieceChars(" pnbrqk PNBRQK");
 
-char piece_type_to_char(PieceType pt, bool upcase = false) {
-  return upcase? toupper(PieceChars[pt]) : PieceChars[pt];
+char piece_type_to_char(PieceType pt, bool upcase) {
+
+  return PieceChars[pt + upcase * 7];
 }
 
 PieceType piece_type_from_char(char c) {
-  const char *ch = strchr(PieceChars, tolower(c));
-  return ch? PieceType(ch - PieceChars) : NO_PIECE_TYPE;
-}
-
-
-/// piece_is_ok() and piece_type_is_ok(), for debugging:
-
-bool piece_is_ok(Piece pc) {
-  return
-    piece_type_is_ok(type_of_piece(pc)) &&
-    color_is_ok(color_of_piece(pc));
-}
-
-bool piece_type_is_ok(PieceType pc) {
-  return pc >= PAWN && pc <= KING;
+
+  size_t idx = PieceChars.find(c);
+
+  return idx != string::npos ? PieceType(idx % 7) : NO_PIECE_TYPE;
 }

src/piece.h

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
@@ -21,16 +21,15 @@
 #if !defined(PIECE_H_INCLUDED)
 #define PIECE_H_INCLUDED
 
-//// 
+////
 //// Includes
 ////
 
 #include "color.h"
-#include "misc.h"
 #include "square.h"
 
 
-//// 
+////
 //// Types
 ////
 
@@ -47,18 +46,15 @@ enum Piece {
 
 
 ////
-//// Constants and variables
+//// Constants
 ////
 
-const PieceType PieceTypeMin = PAWN;
-const PieceType PieceTypeMax = KING;
-
-extern const int SlidingArray[18];
-extern const SquareDelta Directions[16][16];   
-extern const SquareDelta PawnPush[2];
+const int SlidingArray[18] = {
+  0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0
+};
 
 
-//// 
+////
 //// Inline functions
 ////
 
@@ -83,51 +79,29 @@ inline Piece piece_of_color_and_type(Color c, PieceType pt) {
   return Piece((int(c) << 3) | int(pt));
 }
 
-inline Piece pawn_of_color(Color c) {
-  return piece_of_color_and_type(c, PAWN);
-}
-
-inline Piece knight_of_color(Color c) {
-  return piece_of_color_and_type(c, KNIGHT);
-}
-
-inline Piece bishop_of_color(Color c) {
-  return piece_of_color_and_type(c, BISHOP);
-}
-
-inline Piece rook_of_color(Color c) {
-  return piece_of_color_and_type(c, ROOK);
-}
-
-inline Piece queen_of_color(Color c) {
-  return piece_of_color_and_type(c, QUEEN);
-}
-
-inline Piece king_of_color(Color c) {
-  return piece_of_color_and_type(c, KING);
-}
-
 inline int piece_is_slider(Piece p) {
   return SlidingArray[int(p)];
 }
 
-inline int piece_type_is_slider(PieceType pt) {
-  return SlidingArray[int(pt)];
+inline SquareDelta pawn_push(Color c) {
+    return (c == WHITE ? DELTA_N : DELTA_S);
 }
 
-inline SquareDelta pawn_push(Color c) {
-  return PawnPush[c];
+inline bool piece_type_is_ok(PieceType pc) {
+  return pc >= PAWN && pc <= KING;
 }
-  
+
+inline bool piece_is_ok(Piece pc) {
+  return piece_type_is_ok(type_of_piece(pc)) && color_is_ok(color_of_piece(pc));
+}
+
 
 ////
 //// Prototypes
 ////
 
-extern char piece_type_to_char(PieceType pt, bool upcase);
+extern char piece_type_to_char(PieceType pt, bool upcase = false);
 extern PieceType piece_type_from_char(char c);
-extern bool piece_is_ok(Piece pc);
-extern bool piece_type_is_ok(PieceType pt);
 
 
 #endif // !defined(PIECE_H_INCLUDED)

src/position.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -21,12 +21,16 @@
 #if !defined(POSITION_H_INCLUDED)
 #define POSITION_H_INCLUDED
 
-// Disable a silly and noisy warning from MSVC compiler
+// Disable some silly and noisy warning from MSVC compiler
 #if defined(_MSC_VER)
 
 // Forcing value to bool 'true' or 'false' (performance warning)
 #pragma warning(disable: 4800)
 
+// Conditional expression is constant
+#pragma warning(disable: 4127)
+
+
 #endif
 
 ////
@@ -38,7 +42,6 @@
 #include "direction.h"
 #include "move.h"
 #include "piece.h"
-#include "phase.h"
 #include "square.h"
 #include "value.h"
 
@@ -47,13 +50,12 @@
 //// Constants
 ////
 
-/// FEN string for the initial position:
-const std::string StartPosition =
-  "rnbqkbnr/pppppppp/8/8/8/8/PPPPPPPP/RNBQKBNR w KQkq - 0 1";
+/// FEN string for the initial position
+const std::string StartPosition = "rnbqkbnr/pppppppp/8/8/8/8/PPPPPPPP/RNBQKBNR w KQkq - 0 1";
 
 /// Maximum number of plies per game (220 should be enough, because the
 /// maximum search depth is 100, and during position setup we reset the
-/// move counter for every non-reversible move):
+/// move counter for every non-reversible move).
 const int MaxGameLength = 220;
 
 
@@ -61,56 +63,61 @@ const int MaxGameLength = 220;
 //// Types
 ////
 
-/// Castle rights, encoded as bit fields:
+/// Castle rights, encoded as bit fields
 
 enum CastleRights {
-  NO_CASTLES = 0,
-  WHITE_OO = 1,
-  BLACK_OO = 2,
-  WHITE_OOO = 4,
-  BLACK_OOO = 8,
+  NO_CASTLES  = 0,
+  WHITE_OO    = 1,
+  BLACK_OO    = 2,
+  WHITE_OOO   = 4,
+  BLACK_OOO   = 8,
   ALL_CASTLES = 15
 };
 
-
-/// The UndoInfo struct stores information we need to restore a Position
-/// object to its previous state when we retract a move.  Whenever a move
-/// is made on the board (by calling Position::do_move), an UndoInfo object
-/// must be passed as a parameter.  When the move is unmade (by calling
-/// Position::undo_move), the same UndoInfo object must be passed again.
-
-struct UndoInfo {
-  int castleRights;
-  Square epSquare;
-  Bitboard checkersBB;
-  Key key, pawnKey, materialKey;
-  int rule50;
-  Move lastMove;
-  PieceType capture;
-  Value mgValue, egValue;
+/// Game phase
+enum Phase {
+  PHASE_ENDGAME = 0,
+  PHASE_MIDGAME = 128
 };
 
 
-/// The position data structure.  A position consists of the following data:
+/// The StateInfo struct stores information we need to restore a Position
+/// object to its previous state when we retract a move. Whenever a move
+/// is made on the board (by calling Position::do_move), an StateInfo object
+/// must be passed as a parameter.
+
+struct StateInfo {
+  Key key, pawnKey, materialKey;
+  int castleRights, rule50;
+  Square epSquare;
+  Value mgValue, egValue;
+  Value npMaterial[2];
+
+  PieceType capture;
+  Bitboard checkersBB;
+  StateInfo* previous;
+};
+
+
+/// The position data structure. A position consists of the following data:
 ///
 ///    * For each piece type, a bitboard representing the squares occupied
 ///      by pieces of that type.
-///    * For each color, a bitboard representing the squares occupiecd by
+///    * For each color, a bitboard representing the squares occupied by
 ///      pieces of that color.
 ///    * A bitboard of all occupied squares.
 ///    * A bitboard of all checking pieces.
 ///    * A 64-entry array of pieces, indexed by the squares of the board.
 ///    * The current side to move.
 ///    * Information about the castling rights for both sides.
-///    * The initial files of the kings and both pairs of rooks.  This is
+///    * The initial files of the kings and both pairs of rooks. This is
 ///      used to implement the Chess960 castling rules.
 ///    * The en passant square (which is SQ_NONE if no en passant capture is
 ///      possible).
 ///    * The squares of the kings for both sides.
-///    * The last move played.
 ///    * Hash keys for the position itself, the current pawn structure, and
 ///      the current material situation.
-///    * Hash keys for all previous positions in the game (for detecting
+///    * Hash keys for all previous positions in the game for detecting
 ///      repetition draws.
 ///    * A counter for detecting 50 move rule draws.
 
@@ -120,19 +127,24 @@ class Position {
   friend class EndgameFunctions;
 
 public:
+  enum GamePhase {
+      MidGame,
+      EndGame
+  };
+
   // Constructors
-  Position() {};
-  Position(const Position &pos);
-  Position(const std::string &fen);
+  Position() {}
+  Position(const Position& pos);
+  Position(const std::string& fen);
 
   // Text input/output
-  void from_fen(const std::string &fen);
+  void from_fen(const std::string& fen);
   const std::string to_fen() const;
-  void print() const;
+  void print(Move m = MOVE_NONE) const;
 
   // Copying
-  void copy(const Position &pos);
-  void flipped_copy(const Position &pos);
+  void copy(const Position& pos);
+  void flipped_copy(const Position& pos);
 
   // The piece on a given square
   Piece piece_on(Square s) const;
@@ -150,72 +162,44 @@ public:
   Bitboard empty_squares() const;
   Bitboard occupied_squares() const;
   Bitboard pieces_of_color(Color c) const;
-  Bitboard pieces_of_type(PieceType pt) const;
-  Bitboard pieces_of_color_and_type(Color c, PieceType pt) const;
-  Bitboard pawns() const;
-  Bitboard knights() const;
-  Bitboard bishops() const;
-  Bitboard rooks() const;
-  Bitboard queens() const;
-  Bitboard kings() const;
-  Bitboard rooks_and_queens() const;
-  Bitboard bishops_and_queens() const;
-  Bitboard sliders() const;
-  Bitboard pawns(Color c) const;
-  Bitboard knights(Color c) const;
-  Bitboard bishops(Color c) const;
-  Bitboard rooks(Color c) const;
-  Bitboard queens(Color c) const;
-  Bitboard kings(Color c) const;
-  Bitboard rooks_and_queens(Color c) const;
-  Bitboard bishops_and_queens(Color c) const;
-  Bitboard sliders_of_color(Color c) const;
+  Bitboard pieces(PieceType pt) const;
+  Bitboard pieces(PieceType pt, Color c) const;
+  Bitboard pieces(PieceType pt1, PieceType pt2) const;
+  Bitboard pieces(PieceType pt1, PieceType pt2, Color c) const;
 
   // Number of pieces of each color and type
   int piece_count(Color c, PieceType pt) const;
 
-  // The en passant square:
+  // The en passant square
   Square ep_square() const;
 
   // Current king position for each color
   Square king_square(Color c) const;
 
-  // Castling rights.
+  // Castling rights
   bool can_castle_kingside(Color c) const;
   bool can_castle_queenside(Color c) const;
   bool can_castle(Color c) const;
   Square initial_kr_square(Color c) const;
   Square initial_qr_square(Color c) const;
 
-  // Attack bitboards
-  Bitboard sliding_attacks(Square s, Direction d) const;
-  Bitboard ray_attacks(Square s, SignedDirection d) const;
-  Bitboard pawn_attacks(Color c, Square s) const;
-
-  template<PieceType>
-  Bitboard piece_attacks(Square s) const;
-
   // Bitboards for pinned pieces and discovered check candidates
   Bitboard discovered_check_candidates(Color c) const;
   Bitboard pinned_pieces(Color c) const;
 
-  // Checking pieces
+  // Checking pieces and under check information
   Bitboard checkers() const;
+  bool is_check() const;
 
   // Piece lists
   Square piece_list(Color c, PieceType pt, int index) const;
+  const Square* piece_list_begin(Color c, PieceType pt) const;
 
-  // Attack information for a given square
-  bool square_is_attacked(Square s, Color c) const;
-  Bitboard attacks_to(Square s) const;
-  Bitboard attacks_to(Square s, Color c) const;
-  bool is_check() const;
-  bool pawn_attacks_square(Color c, Square f, Square t) const;
-
-  template<PieceType>
-  Bitboard piece_attacks_square(Square f, Square t) const; // Dispatch at compile-time
-
-  bool piece_attacks_square(Square f, Square t) const; // Dispatch at run-time
+  // Information about attacks to or from a given square
+  Bitboard attackers_to(Square s) const;
+  Bitboard attacks_from(Piece p, Square s) const;
+  template<PieceType> Bitboard attacks_from(Square s) const;
+  template<PieceType> Bitboard attacks_from(Square s, Color c) const;
 
   // Properties of moves
   bool pl_move_is_legal(Move m) const;
@@ -223,36 +207,31 @@ public:
   bool move_is_check(Move m) const;
   bool move_is_check(Move m, Bitboard dcCandidates) const;
   bool move_is_capture(Move m) const;
-  bool move_is_deep_pawn_push(Move m) const;
-  bool move_is_pawn_push_to_7th(Move m) const;
   bool move_is_passed_pawn_push(Move m) const;
-  bool move_was_passed_pawn_push(Move m) const;
   bool move_attacks_square(Move m, Square s) const;
 
   // Information about pawns
   bool pawn_is_passed(Color c, Square s) const;
-  bool pawn_is_isolated(Color c, Square s) const;
-  bool pawn_is_doubled(Color c, Square s) const;
-
-  // Open and half-open files
-  bool file_is_open(File f) const;
-  bool file_is_half_open(Color c, File f) const;
+  static bool pawn_is_passed(Bitboard theirPawns, Color c, Square s);
+  static bool pawn_is_isolated(Bitboard ourPawns, Square s);
+  static bool pawn_is_doubled(Bitboard ourPawns, Color c, Square s);
 
   // Weak squares
   bool square_is_weak(Square s, Color c) const;
 
   // Doing and undoing moves
-  void backup(UndoInfo &u) const;
-  void restore(const UndoInfo &u);
-  void do_move(Move m, UndoInfo &u);
-  void do_move(Move m, UndoInfo &u, Bitboard dcCandidates);
-  void undo_move(Move m, const UndoInfo &u);
-  void do_null_move(UndoInfo &u);
-  void undo_null_move(const UndoInfo &u);
+  void saveState();
+  void do_move(Move m, StateInfo& st);
+  void do_move(Move m, StateInfo& st, Bitboard dcCandidates);
+  void undo_move(Move m);
+  void do_null_move(StateInfo& st);
+  void undo_null_move();
 
   // Static exchange evaluation
   int see(Square from, Square to) const;
   int see(Move m) const;
+  int see(Square to) const;
+  int see_sign(Move m) const;
 
   // Accessing hash keys
   Key get_key() const;
@@ -264,10 +243,10 @@ public:
   Value eg_value() const;
   Value non_pawn_material(Color c) const;
   Phase game_phase() const;
-  Value mg_pst_delta(Move m) const;
+  template<GamePhase> Value pst_delta(Piece piece, Square from, Square to) const;
 
   // Game termination checks
-  bool is_mate();
+  bool is_mate() const;
   bool is_draw() const;
 
   // Check if one side threatens a mate in one
@@ -286,11 +265,12 @@ public:
   // Position consistency check, for debugging
   bool is_ok(int* failedStep = NULL) const;
 
-  // Static member functions:
+  // Static member functions
   static void init_zobrist();
   static void init_piece_square_tables();
 
 private:
+
   // Initialization helper functions (used while setting up a position)
   void clear();
   void put_piece(Piece p, Square s);
@@ -298,17 +278,16 @@ private:
   void allow_ooo(Color c);
 
   // Helper functions for doing and undoing moves
-  void do_capture_move(Move m, PieceType capture, Color them, Square to);
+  void do_capture_move(Bitboard& key, PieceType capture, Color them, Square to, bool ep);
   void do_castle_move(Move m);
-  void do_promotion_move(Move m, UndoInfo &u);
-  void do_ep_move(Move m);
   void undo_castle_move(Move m);
-  void undo_promotion_move(Move m, const UndoInfo &u);
-  void undo_ep_move(Move m);
   void find_checkers();
 
-  template<PieceType Piece, bool FindPinned>
-  Bitboard hidden_checks(Color c, Square ksq) const;
+  template<PieceType Piece>
+  void update_checkers(Bitboard* pCheckersBB, Square ksq, Square from, Square to, Bitboard dcCandidates);
+
+  template<bool FindPinned>
+  Bitboard hidden_checkers(Color c) const;
 
   // Computing hash keys from scratch (for initialization and debugging)
   Key compute_key() const;
@@ -316,37 +295,30 @@ private:
   Key compute_material_key() const;
 
   // Computing incremental evaluation scores and material counts
-  Value mg_pst(Color c, PieceType pt, Square s) const;
-  Value eg_pst(Color c, PieceType pt, Square s) const;
-  Value compute_mg_value() const;
-  Value compute_eg_value() const;
+  template<GamePhase> Value pst(Color c, PieceType pt, Square s) const;
+  template<GamePhase> Value compute_value() const;
   Value compute_non_pawn_material(Color c) const;
 
-  // Bitboards
-  Bitboard byColorBB[2], byTypeBB[8];
-  Bitboard checkersBB;
-
   // Board
   Piece board[64];
 
+  // Bitboards
+  Bitboard byTypeBB[8], byColorBB[2];
+
   // Piece counts
   int pieceCount[2][8]; // [color][pieceType]
 
   // Piece lists
   Square pieceList[2][8][16]; // [color][pieceType][index]
-  int index[64];
+  int index[64]; // [square]
 
   // Other info
   Color sideToMove;
-  int castleRights;
+  int gamePly;
+  Key history[MaxGameLength];
   File initialKFile, initialKRFile, initialQRFile;
-  Square epSquare;
-  Square kingSquare[2];
-  Move lastMove;
-  Key key, pawnKey, materialKey, history[MaxGameLength];
-  int rule50, gamePly;
-  Value mgValue, egValue;
-  Value npMaterial[2];
+  StateInfo startState;
+  StateInfo* st;
 
   // Static variables
   static int castleRightsMask[64];
@@ -408,84 +380,20 @@ inline Bitboard Position::pieces_of_color(Color c) const {
   return byColorBB[c];
 }
 
-inline Bitboard Position::pieces_of_type(PieceType pt) const {
+inline Bitboard Position::pieces(PieceType pt) const {
   return byTypeBB[pt];
 }
 
-inline Bitboard Position::pieces_of_color_and_type(Color c, PieceType pt) const {
-  return pieces_of_color(c) & pieces_of_type(pt);
+inline Bitboard Position::pieces(PieceType pt, Color c) const {
+  return byTypeBB[pt] & byColorBB[c];
 }
 
-inline Bitboard Position::pawns() const {
-  return pieces_of_type(PAWN);
+inline Bitboard Position::pieces(PieceType pt1, PieceType pt2) const {
+  return byTypeBB[pt1] | byTypeBB[pt2];
 }
 
-inline Bitboard Position::knights() const {
-  return pieces_of_type(KNIGHT);
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::bishops() const {
-  return pieces_of_type(BISHOP);
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::rooks() const {
-  return pieces_of_type(ROOK);
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::queens() const {
-  return pieces_of_type(QUEEN);
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::kings() const {
-  return pieces_of_type(KING);
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::rooks_and_queens() const {
-  return rooks() | queens();
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::bishops_and_queens() const {
-  return bishops() | queens();
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::sliders() const {
-  return bishops() | queens() | rooks();
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::pawns(Color c) const {
-  return pieces_of_color_and_type(c, PAWN);
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::knights(Color c) const {
-  return pieces_of_color_and_type(c, KNIGHT);
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::bishops(Color c) const {
-  return pieces_of_color_and_type(c, BISHOP);
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::rooks(Color c) const {
-  return pieces_of_color_and_type(c, ROOK);
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::queens(Color c) const {
-  return pieces_of_color_and_type(c, QUEEN);
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::kings(Color c) const {
-  return pieces_of_color_and_type(c, KING);
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::rooks_and_queens(Color c) const {
-  return rooks_and_queens() & pieces_of_color(c);
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::bishops_and_queens(Color c) const {
-  return bishops_and_queens() & pieces_of_color(c);
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::sliders_of_color(Color c) const {
-  return sliders() & pieces_of_color(c);
+inline Bitboard Position::pieces(PieceType pt1, PieceType pt2, Color c) const {
+  return (byTypeBB[pt1] | byTypeBB[pt2]) & byColorBB[c];
 }
 
 inline int Position::piece_count(Color c, PieceType pt) const {
@@ -496,20 +404,24 @@ inline Square Position::piece_list(Color c, PieceType pt, int index) const {
   return pieceList[c][pt][index];
 }
 
+inline const Square* Position::piece_list_begin(Color c, PieceType pt) const {
+  return pieceList[c][pt];
+}
+
 inline Square Position::ep_square() const {
-  return epSquare;
+  return st->epSquare;
 }
 
 inline Square Position::king_square(Color c) const {
-  return kingSquare[c];
+  return pieceList[c][KING][0];
 }
 
 inline bool Position::can_castle_kingside(Color side) const {
-  return castleRights & (1+int(side));
+  return st->castleRights & (1+int(side));
 }
 
 inline bool Position::can_castle_queenside(Color side) const {
-  return castleRights & (4+4*int(side));
+  return st->castleRights & (4+4*int(side));
 }
 
 inline bool Position::can_castle(Color side) const {
@@ -524,124 +436,100 @@ inline Square Position::initial_qr_square(Color c) const {
   return relative_square(c, make_square(initialQRFile, RANK_1));
 }
 
-inline Bitboard Position::pawn_attacks(Color c, Square s) const {
-  return StepAttackBB[pawn_of_color(c)][s];
+template<>
+inline Bitboard Position::attacks_from<PAWN>(Square s, Color c) const {
+  return StepAttackBB[piece_of_color_and_type(c, PAWN)][s];
+}
+
+template<PieceType Piece> // Knight and King and white pawns
+inline Bitboard Position::attacks_from(Square s) const {
+  return StepAttackBB[Piece][s];
 }
 
 template<>
-inline Bitboard Position::piece_attacks<KNIGHT>(Square s) const {
-  return StepAttackBB[KNIGHT][s];
-}
-
-template<>
-inline Bitboard Position::piece_attacks<BISHOP>(Square s) const {
+inline Bitboard Position::attacks_from<BISHOP>(Square s) const {
   return bishop_attacks_bb(s, occupied_squares());
 }
 
 template<>
-inline Bitboard Position::piece_attacks<ROOK>(Square s) const {
+inline Bitboard Position::attacks_from<ROOK>(Square s) const {
   return rook_attacks_bb(s, occupied_squares());
 }
 
 template<>
-inline Bitboard Position::piece_attacks<QUEEN>(Square s) const {
-  return piece_attacks<ROOK>(s) | piece_attacks<BISHOP>(s);
-}
-
-template<>
-inline Bitboard Position::piece_attacks<KING>(Square s) const {
-  return StepAttackBB[KING][s];
+inline Bitboard Position::attacks_from<QUEEN>(Square s) const {
+  return attacks_from<ROOK>(s) | attacks_from<BISHOP>(s);
 }
 
 inline Bitboard Position::checkers() const {
-  return checkersBB;
+  return st->checkersBB;
 }
 
 inline bool Position::is_check() const {
-  return checkersBB != EmptyBoardBB;
-}
-
-inline bool Position::pawn_attacks_square(Color c, Square f, Square t) const {
-  return bit_is_set(pawn_attacks(c, f), t);
-}
-
-template<PieceType Piece>
-Bitboard Position::piece_attacks_square(Square f, Square t) const {
-  return bit_is_set(piece_attacks<Piece>(f), t);
+  return st->checkersBB != EmptyBoardBB;
 }
 
 inline bool Position::pawn_is_passed(Color c, Square s) const {
-  return !(pawns(opposite_color(c)) & passed_pawn_mask(c, s));
+  return !(pieces(PAWN, opposite_color(c)) & passed_pawn_mask(c, s));
 }
 
-inline bool Position::pawn_is_isolated(Color c, Square s) const {
-  return !(pawns(c) & neighboring_files_bb(s));
+inline bool Position::pawn_is_passed(Bitboard theirPawns, Color c, Square s) {
+  return !(theirPawns & passed_pawn_mask(c, s));
 }
 
-inline bool Position::pawn_is_doubled(Color c, Square s) const {
-  return pawns(c) & squares_behind(c, s);
+inline bool Position::pawn_is_isolated(Bitboard ourPawns, Square s) {
+  return !(ourPawns & neighboring_files_bb(s));
 }
 
-inline bool Position::file_is_open(File f) const {
-  return !(pawns() & file_bb(f));
-}
-
-inline bool Position::file_is_half_open(Color c, File f) const {
-  return !(pawns(c) & file_bb(f));
+inline bool Position::pawn_is_doubled(Bitboard ourPawns, Color c, Square s) {
+  return ourPawns & squares_behind(c, s);
 }
 
 inline bool Position::square_is_weak(Square s, Color c) const {
-  return !(pawns(c) & outpost_mask(opposite_color(c), s));
+  return !(pieces(PAWN, c) & outpost_mask(opposite_color(c), s));
 }
 
 inline Key Position::get_key() const {
-  return key;
+  return st->key;
 }
 
 inline Key Position::get_pawn_key() const {
-  return pawnKey;
+  return st->pawnKey;
 }
 
 inline Key Position::get_material_key() const {
-  return materialKey;
+  return st->materialKey;
 }
 
-inline Value Position::mg_pst(Color c, PieceType pt, Square s) const {
-  return MgPieceSquareTable[piece_of_color_and_type(c, pt)][s];
+template<Position::GamePhase Ph>
+inline Value Position::pst(Color c, PieceType pt, Square s) const {
+  return (Ph == MidGame ? MgPieceSquareTable[piece_of_color_and_type(c, pt)][s]
+                        : EgPieceSquareTable[piece_of_color_and_type(c, pt)][s]);
 }
 
-inline Value Position::mg_pst_delta(Move m) const {
-  return MgPieceSquareTable[piece_on(move_from(m))][move_to(m)]
-        -MgPieceSquareTable[piece_on(move_from(m))][move_from(m)];
-}
-
-inline Value Position::eg_pst(Color c, PieceType pt, Square s) const {
-  return EgPieceSquareTable[piece_of_color_and_type(c, pt)][s];
+template<Position::GamePhase Ph>
+inline Value Position::pst_delta(Piece piece, Square from, Square to) const {
+  return (Ph == MidGame ? MgPieceSquareTable[piece][to] - MgPieceSquareTable[piece][from]
+                        : EgPieceSquareTable[piece][to] - EgPieceSquareTable[piece][from]);
 }
 
 inline Value Position::mg_value() const {
-  return mgValue;
+  return st->mgValue;
 }
 
 inline Value Position::eg_value() const {
-  return egValue;
+  return st->egValue;
 }
 
 inline Value Position::non_pawn_material(Color c) const {
-  return npMaterial[c];
+  return st->npMaterial[c];
 }
 
 inline Phase Position::game_phase() const {
 
-  // The purpose of the Value(325) terms below is to make sure the difference
-  // between MidgameLimit and EndgameLimit is a power of 2, which should make
-  // the division at the end of the function a bit faster.
-  static const Value MidgameLimit =  2 * QueenValueMidgame
-                                   + 2 * RookValueMidgame
-                                   + 6 * BishopValueMidgame
-                                   + Value(325);
-
-  static const Value EndgameLimit = 4 * RookValueMidgame - Value(325);
+  // Values modified by Joona Kiiski
+  static const Value MidgameLimit = Value(15581);
+  static const Value EndgameLimit = Value(3998);
 
   Value npm = non_pawn_material(WHITE) + non_pawn_material(BLACK);
 
@@ -653,37 +541,16 @@ inline Phase Position::game_phase() const {
       return Phase(((npm - EndgameLimit) * 128) / (MidgameLimit - EndgameLimit));
 }
 
-inline bool Position::move_is_deep_pawn_push(Move m) const {
-
-  Color c = side_to_move();
-  return   piece_on(move_from(m)) == pawn_of_color(c)
-        && relative_rank(c, move_to(m)) > RANK_4;
-}
-
-inline bool Position::move_is_pawn_push_to_7th(Move m) const {
-
-  Color c = side_to_move();
-  return   piece_on(move_from(m)) == pawn_of_color(c)
-        && relative_rank(c, move_to(m)) == RANK_7;
-}
-
 inline bool Position::move_is_passed_pawn_push(Move m) const {
 
   Color c = side_to_move();
-  return   piece_on(move_from(m)) == pawn_of_color(c)
-        && pawn_is_passed(c, move_to(m));
-}
-
-inline bool Position::move_was_passed_pawn_push(Move m) const {
-
-  Color c = opposite_color(side_to_move());
-  return   piece_on(move_to(m)) == pawn_of_color(c)
+  return   piece_on(move_from(m)) == piece_of_color_and_type(c, PAWN)
         && pawn_is_passed(c, move_to(m));
 }
 
 inline int Position::rule_50_counter() const {
 
-  return rule50;
+  return st->rule50;
 }
 
 inline bool Position::opposite_colored_bishops() const {
@@ -695,8 +562,14 @@ inline bool Position::opposite_colored_bishops() const {
 
 inline bool Position::has_pawn_on_7th(Color c) const {
 
-  return pawns(c) & relative_rank_bb(c, RANK_7);
+  return pieces(PAWN, c) & relative_rank_bb(c, RANK_7);
 }
 
+inline bool Position::move_is_capture(Move m) const {
+
+  // Move must not be MOVE_NONE !
+
+  return (!square_is_empty(move_to(m)) && !move_is_castle(m)) || move_is_ep(m);
+}
 
 #endif // !defined(POSITION_H_INCLUDED)

src/psqtab.h

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
@@ -25,12 +25,11 @@
 //// Includes
 ////
 
-#include "position.h"
 #include "value.h"
 
 
 ////
-//// Variables
+//// Constants modified by Joona Kiiski
 ////
 
 static const Value MP = PawnValueMidgame;
@@ -42,70 +41,70 @@ static const Value MQ = QueenValueMidgame;
 static const int MgPST[][64] = {
   { },
   {// Pawn
-   // A      B      C      D      E      F      G      H
-        0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,
-    MP-38, MP-12, MP- 0, MP+12, MP+12, MP- 0, MP-12, MP-38,
-    MP-38, MP-12, MP+ 6, MP+38, MP+38, MP+ 6, MP-12, MP-38,
-    MP-38, MP-12, MP+16, MP+64, MP+64, MP+16, MP-12, MP-38,
-    MP-38, MP-12, MP+16, MP+38, MP+38, MP+16, MP-12, MP-38,
-    MP-38, MP-12, MP+ 6, MP+12, MP+12, MP+ 6, MP-12, MP-38,
-    MP-38, MP-12, MP- 0, MP+12, MP+12, MP- 0, MP-12, MP-38,
-        0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0
+   // A      B      C     D      E      F      G     H
+        0,    0,     0,     0,     0,     0,    0,     0,
+    MP-28, MP-6, MP+ 4, MP+14, MP+14, MP+ 4, MP-6, MP-28,
+    MP-28, MP-6, MP+ 9, MP+36, MP+36, MP+ 9, MP-6, MP-28,
+    MP-28, MP-6, MP+17, MP+58, MP+58, MP+17, MP-6, MP-28,
+    MP-28, MP-6, MP+17, MP+36, MP+36, MP+17, MP-6, MP-28,
+    MP-28, MP-6, MP+ 9, MP+14, MP+14, MP+ 9, MP-6, MP-28,
+    MP-28, MP-6, MP+ 4, MP+14, MP+14, MP+ 4, MP-6, MP-28,
+        0,    0,     0,     0,     0,     0,    0,     0
   },
   {// Knight
    //  A      B       C      D      E      F      G       H
-    MK-128, MK-102, MK-76, MK-64, MK-64, MK-76, MK-102, MK-128,
-    MK- 89, MK- 64, MK-38, MK-25, MK-25, MK-38, MK- 64, MK- 89,
-    MK- 51, MK- 25, MK- 0, MK+12, MK+12, MK- 0, MK- 25, MK- 51,
-    MK- 25, MK-  0, MK+25, MK+38, MK+38, MK+25, MK-  0, MK- 25,
-    MK- 12, MK+ 12, MK+38, MK+51, MK+51, MK+38, MK+ 12, MK- 12,
-    MK- 12, MK+ 12, MK+38, MK+51, MK+51, MK+38, MK+ 12, MK- 12,
-    MK- 51, MK- 25, MK- 0, MK+12, MK+12, MK- 0, MK- 25, MK- 51,
-    MK-182, MK- 64, MK-38, MK-25, MK-25, MK-38, MK- 64, MK-182
+    MK-135, MK-107, MK-80, MK-67, MK-67, MK-80, MK-107, MK-135,
+    MK- 93, MK- 67, MK-39, MK-25, MK-25, MK-39, MK- 67, MK- 93,
+    MK- 53, MK- 25, MK+ 1, MK+13, MK+13, MK+ 1, MK- 25, MK- 53,
+    MK- 25, MK+  1, MK+27, MK+41, MK+41, MK+27, MK+  1, MK- 25,
+    MK- 11, MK+ 13, MK+41, MK+55, MK+55, MK+41, MK+ 13, MK- 11,
+    MK- 11, MK+ 13, MK+41, MK+55, MK+55, MK+41, MK+ 13, MK- 11,
+    MK- 53, MK- 25, MK+ 1, MK+13, MK+13, MK+ 1, MK- 25, MK- 53,
+    MK-193, MK- 67, MK-39, MK-25, MK-25, MK-39, MK- 67, MK-193
   },
   {// Bishop
    // A      B      C      D      E      F      G      H
-    MB-46, MB-46, MB-40, MB-35, MB-35, MB-40, MB-46, MB-46,
-    MB-20, MB- 0, MB- 5, MB- 0, MB- 0, MB- 5, MB- 0, MB-20,
-    MB-15, MB- 5, MB+10, MB+ 5, MB+ 5, MB+10, MB- 5, MB-15,
-    MB-10, MB- 0, MB+ 5, MB+20, MB+20, MB+ 5, MB- 0, MB-10,
-    MB-10, MB- 0, MB+ 5, MB+20, MB+20, MB+ 5, MB- 0, MB-10,
-    MB-15, MB- 5, MB+10, MB+ 5, MB+ 5, MB+10, MB- 5, MB-15,
-    MB-20, MB- 0, MB- 5, MB- 0, MB- 0, MB- 5, MB- 0, MB-20,
-    MB-20, MB-20, MB-15, MB-10, MB-10, MB-15, MB-20, MB-20
+    MB-40, MB-40, MB-35, MB-30, MB-30, MB-35, MB-40, MB-40,
+    MB-17, MB+ 0, MB- 4, MB+ 0, MB+ 0, MB- 4, MB+ 0, MB-17,
+    MB-13, MB- 4, MB+ 8, MB+ 4, MB+ 4, MB+ 8, MB- 4, MB-13,
+    MB- 8, MB+ 0, MB+ 4, MB+17, MB+17, MB+ 4, MB+ 0, MB- 8,
+    MB- 8, MB+ 0, MB+ 4, MB+17, MB+17, MB+ 4, MB+ 0, MB- 8,
+    MB-13, MB- 4, MB+ 8, MB+ 4, MB+ 4, MB+ 8, MB- 4, MB-13,
+    MB-17, MB+ 0, MB- 4, MB+ 0, MB+ 0, MB- 4, MB+ 0, MB-17,
+    MB-17, MB-17, MB-13, MB- 8, MB- 8, MB-13, MB-17, MB-17
   },
   {// Rook
-   // A      B      C     D     E     F     G      H
-    MR-18, MR-10, MR-3, MR+4, MR+4, MR-3, MR-10, MR-18,
-    MR-18, MR-10, MR-3, MR+4, MR+4, MR-3, MR-10, MR-18,
-    MR-18, MR-10, MR-3, MR+4, MR+4, MR-3, MR-10, MR-18,
-    MR-18, MR-10, MR-3, MR+4, MR+4, MR-3, MR-10, MR-18,
-    MR-18, MR-10, MR-3, MR+4, MR+4, MR-3, MR-10, MR-18,
-    MR-18, MR-10, MR-3, MR+4, MR+4, MR-3, MR-10, MR-18,
-    MR-18, MR-10, MR-3, MR+4, MR+4, MR-3, MR-10, MR-18,
-    MR-18, MR-10, MR-3, MR+4, MR+4, MR-3, MR-10, MR-18
+   // A      B     C     D     E     F     G     H
+    MR-12, MR-7, MR-2, MR+2, MR+2, MR-2, MR-7, MR-12,
+    MR-12, MR-7, MR-2, MR+2, MR+2, MR-2, MR-7, MR-12,
+    MR-12, MR-7, MR-2, MR+2, MR+2, MR-2, MR-7, MR-12,
+    MR-12, MR-7, MR-2, MR+2, MR+2, MR-2, MR-7, MR-12,
+    MR-12, MR-7, MR-2, MR+2, MR+2, MR-2, MR-7, MR-12,
+    MR-12, MR-7, MR-2, MR+2, MR+2, MR-2, MR-7, MR-12,
+    MR-12, MR-7, MR-2, MR+2, MR+2, MR-2, MR-7, MR-12,
+    MR-12, MR-7, MR-2, MR+2, MR+2, MR-2, MR-7, MR-12
   },
   {// Queen
-   //A   B   C   D   E   F   G   H
-    MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ,
-    MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ,
-    MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ,
-    MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ,
-    MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ,
-    MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ,
-    MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ,
-    MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ
+   // A     B     C     D     E     F     G     H
+    MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8,
+    MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8,
+    MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8,
+    MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8,
+    MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8,
+    MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8,
+    MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8,
+    MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8
   },
   {// King
    //A    B    C    D    E    F    G    H
-    302, 328, 276, 225, 225, 276, 328, 302,
-    276, 302, 251, 200, 200, 251, 302, 276,
-    225, 251, 200, 149, 149, 200, 251, 225,
-    200, 225, 175, 124, 124, 175, 225, 200,
-    175, 200, 149,  98,  98, 149, 200, 175,
-    149, 175, 124,  72,  72, 124, 175, 149,
-    124, 149,  98,  47,  47,  98, 149, 124,
-     98, 124,  72,  21,  21,  72, 124,  98
+    287, 311, 262, 214, 214, 262, 311, 287,
+    262, 287, 238, 190, 190, 238, 287, 262,
+    214, 238, 190, 142, 142, 190, 238, 214,
+    190, 214, 167, 119, 119, 167, 214, 190,
+    167, 190, 142,  94,  94, 142, 190, 167,
+    142, 167, 119,  69,  69, 119, 167, 142,
+    119, 142,  94,  46,  46,  94, 142, 119,
+     94, 119,  69,  21,  21,  69, 119,  94
   }
 };
 
@@ -118,70 +117,70 @@ static const Value EQ = QueenValueEndgame;
 static const int EgPST[][64] = {
   { },
   {// Pawn
-   //A   B   C   D   E   F   G   H
-     0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,
-    EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP,
-    EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP,
-    EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP,
-    EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP,
-    EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP,
-    EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP,
-     0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0
+   // A     B     C     D     E     F     G     H
+       0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,
+    EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8,
+    EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8,
+    EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8,
+    EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8,
+    EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8,
+    EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8,
+       0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0
   },
   {// Knight
    // A       B      C      D      E      F      G      H
-    EK-102, EK-76, EK-51, EK-38, EK-38, EK-51, EK-76, EK-102,
-    EK- 76, EK-51, EK-25, EK-12, EK-12, EK-25, EK-51, EK-76,
-    EK- 51, EK-25, EK- 0, EK+12, EK+12, EK- 0, EK-25, EK-51,
-    EK- 38, EK-12, EK+12, EK+25, EK+25, EK+12, EK-12, EK-38,
-    EK- 38, EK-12, EK+12, EK+25, EK+25, EK+12, EK-12, EK-38,
-    EK- 51, EK-25, EK- 0, EK+12, EK+12, EK- 0, EK-25, EK-51,
-    EK- 76, EK-51, EK-25, EK-12, EK-12, EK-25, EK-51, EK-76,
-    EK-102, EK-76, EK-51, EK-38, EK-38, EK-51, EK-76, EK-102
+    EK-104, EK-79, EK-55, EK-42, EK-42, EK-55, EK-79, EK-104,
+    EK- 79, EK-55, EK-30, EK-17, EK-17, EK-30, EK-55, EK- 79,
+    EK- 55, EK-30, EK- 6, EK+ 5, EK+ 5, EK- 6, EK-30, EK- 55,
+    EK- 42, EK-17, EK+ 5, EK+18, EK+18, EK+ 5, EK-17, EK- 42,
+    EK- 42, EK-17, EK+ 5, EK+18, EK+18, EK+ 5, EK-17, EK- 42,
+    EK- 55, EK-30, EK- 6, EK+ 5, EK+ 5, EK- 6, EK-30, EK- 55,
+    EK- 79, EK-55, EK-30, EK-17, EK-17, EK-30, EK-55, EK- 79,
+    EK-104, EK-79, EK-55, EK-42, EK-42, EK-55, EK-79, EK-104
   },
   {// Bishop
    // A      B      C      D      E      F      G      H
-    EB-46, EB-30, EB-23, EB-15, EB-15, EB-23, EB-30, EB-46,
-    EB-30, EB-15, EB- 7, EB- 0, EB- 0, EB- 7, EB-15, EB-30,
-    EB-23, EB- 7, EB- 0, EB+ 7, EB+ 7, EB- 0, EB- 7, EB-23,
-    EB-15, EB- 0, EB+ 7, EB+15, EB+15, EB+ 7, EB- 0, EB-15,
-    EB-15, EB- 0, EB+ 7, EB+15, EB+15, EB+ 7, EB- 0, EB-15,
-    EB-23, EB- 7, EB- 0, EB+ 7, EB+ 7, EB- 0, EB- 7, EB-23,
-    EB-30, EB-15, EB- 7, EB- 0, EB- 0, EB- 7, EB-15, EB-30,
-    EB-46, EB-30, EB-23, EB-15, EB-15, EB-23, EB-30, EB-46
+    EB-59, EB-42, EB-35, EB-26, EB-26, EB-35, EB-42, EB-59,
+    EB-42, EB-26, EB-18, EB-11, EB-11, EB-18, EB-26, EB-42,
+    EB-35, EB-18, EB-11, EB- 4, EB- 4, EB-11, EB-18, EB-35,
+    EB-26, EB-11, EB- 4, EB+ 4, EB+ 4, EB- 4, EB-11, EB-26,
+    EB-26, EB-11, EB- 4, EB+ 4, EB+ 4, EB- 4, EB-11, EB-26,
+    EB-35, EB-18, EB-11, EB- 4, EB- 4, EB-11, EB-18, EB-35,
+    EB-42, EB-26, EB-18, EB-11, EB-11, EB-18, EB-26, EB-42,
+    EB-59, EB-42, EB-35, EB-26, EB-26, EB-35, EB-42, EB-59
   },
   {// Rook
    // A     B     C     D     E     F     G     H
-    ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3,
-    ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3,
-    ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3,
-    ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3,
-    ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3,
-    ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3,
-    ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3,
-    ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3
+    ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3,
+    ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3,
+    ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3,
+    ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3,
+    ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3,
+    ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3,
+    ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3,
+    ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3
   },
   {// Queen
    // A      B      C      D      E      F      G      H
-    EQ-61, EQ-40, EQ-30, EQ-20, EQ-20, EQ-30, EQ-40, EQ-61,
-    EQ-40, EQ-20, EQ-10, EQ- 0, EQ- 0, EQ-10, EQ-20, EQ-40,
-    EQ-30, EQ-10, EQ- 0, EQ+10, EQ+10, EQ- 0, EQ-10, EQ-30,
-    EQ-20, EQ- 0, EQ+10, EQ+20, EQ+20, EQ+10, EQ- 0, EQ-20,
-    EQ-20, EQ- 0, EQ+10, EQ+20, EQ+20, EQ+10, EQ- 0, EQ-20,
-    EQ-30, EQ-10, EQ- 0, EQ+10, EQ+10, EQ- 0, EQ-10, EQ-30,
-    EQ-40, EQ-20, EQ-10, EQ- 0, EQ- 0, EQ-10, EQ-20, EQ-40,
-    EQ-61, EQ-40, EQ-30, EQ-20, EQ-20, EQ-30, EQ-40, EQ-61
+    EQ-80, EQ-54, EQ-42, EQ-30, EQ-30, EQ-42, EQ-54, EQ-80,
+    EQ-54, EQ-30, EQ-18, EQ- 6, EQ- 6, EQ-18, EQ-30, EQ-54,
+    EQ-42, EQ-18, EQ- 6, EQ+ 6, EQ+ 6, EQ- 6, EQ-18, EQ-42,
+    EQ-30, EQ- 6, EQ+ 6, EQ+18, EQ+18, EQ+ 6, EQ- 6, EQ-30,
+    EQ-30, EQ- 6, EQ+ 6, EQ+18, EQ+18, EQ+ 6, EQ- 6, EQ-30,
+    EQ-42, EQ-18, EQ- 6, EQ+ 6, EQ+ 6, EQ- 6, EQ-18, EQ-42,
+    EQ-54, EQ-30, EQ-18, EQ- 6, EQ- 6, EQ-18, EQ-30, EQ-54,
+    EQ-80, EQ-54, EQ-42, EQ-30, EQ-30, EQ-42, EQ-54, EQ-80
   },
   {// King
    //A    B    C    D    E    F    G    H
-     16,  78, 108, 139, 139, 108,  78,  16,
-     78, 139, 170, 200, 200, 170, 139,  78,
-    108, 170, 200, 230, 230, 200, 170, 108,
-    139, 200, 230, 261, 261, 230, 200, 139,
-    139, 200, 230, 261, 261, 230, 200, 139,
-    108, 170, 200, 230, 230, 200, 170, 108,
-     78, 139, 170, 200, 200, 170, 139,  78,
-     16,  78, 108, 139, 139, 108,  78,  16
+     18,  77, 105, 135, 135, 105,  77,  18,
+     77, 135, 165, 193, 193, 165, 135,  77,
+    105, 165, 193, 222, 222, 193, 165, 105,
+    135, 193, 222, 251, 251, 222, 193, 135,
+    135, 193, 222, 251, 251, 222, 193, 135,
+    105, 165, 193, 222, 222, 193, 165, 105,
+     77, 135, 165, 193, 193, 165, 135,  77,
+     18,  77, 105, 135, 135, 105,  77,  18
   }
 };
 

src/san.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -28,9 +28,11 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <sstream>
 
+#include "history.h"
 #include "movepick.h"
 #include "san.h"
 
+using std::string;
 
 ////
 //// Local definitions
@@ -38,8 +40,6 @@
 
 namespace {
 
-  /// Types
-
   enum Ambiguity {
     AMBIGUITY_NONE,
     AMBIGUITY_FILE,
@@ -47,12 +47,11 @@ namespace {
     AMBIGUITY_BOTH
   };
 
+  const History H; // used as dummy argument for MovePicker c'tor
 
-  /// Functions
-
-  Ambiguity move_ambiguity(Position &pos, Move m);
-  const std::string time_string(int milliseconds);
-  const std::string score_string(Value v);
+  Ambiguity move_ambiguity(const Position& pos, Move m);
+  const string time_string(int milliseconds);
+  const string score_string(Value v);
 }
 
 
@@ -61,206 +60,227 @@ namespace {
 ////
 
 /// move_to_san() takes a position and a move as input, where it is assumed
-/// that the move is a legal move from the position.  The return value is
+/// that the move is a legal move from the position. The return value is
 /// a string containing the move in short algebraic notation.
 
-const std::string move_to_san(Position &pos, Move m) {
-  std::string str;
+const string move_to_san(const Position& pos, Move m) {
 
   assert(pos.is_ok());
   assert(move_is_ok(m));
 
-  if(m == MOVE_NONE) {
-    str = "(none)";
-    return str;
-  }
-  else if(m == MOVE_NULL) {
-    str = "(null)";
-    return str;
-  }
-  else if(move_is_long_castle(m))
-    str = "O-O-O";
-  else if(move_is_short_castle(m))
-    str = "O-O";
-  else {
-    Square from, to;
-    Piece pc;
+  Square from, to;
+  PieceType pt;
 
-    from = move_from(m);
-    to = move_to(m);
-    pc = pos.piece_on(move_from(m));
+  from = move_from(m);
+  to = move_to(m);
+  pt = type_of_piece(pos.piece_on(move_from(m)));
 
-    str = "";
+  string san = "";
 
-    if(type_of_piece(pc) == PAWN) {
-      if(pos.move_is_capture(m))
-        str += file_to_char(square_file(move_from(m)));
-    }
-    else {
-      str += piece_type_to_char(type_of_piece(pc), true);
-
-      Ambiguity amb = move_ambiguity(pos, m);
-      switch(amb) {
-
-      case AMBIGUITY_NONE:
-        break;
-
-      case AMBIGUITY_FILE:
-        str += file_to_char(square_file(from));
-        break;
-
-      case AMBIGUITY_RANK:
-        str += rank_to_char(square_rank(from));
-        break;
-
-      case AMBIGUITY_BOTH:
-        str += square_to_string(from);
-        break;
-
-      default:
-        assert(false);
+  if (m == MOVE_NONE)
+      return "(none)";
+  else if (m == MOVE_NULL)
+      return "(null)";
+  else if (move_is_long_castle(m) || (int(to - from) == -2 && pt == KING))
+      san = "O-O-O";
+  else if (move_is_short_castle(m) || (int(to - from) == 2 && pt == KING))
+      san = "O-O";
+  else
+  {
+      if (pt != PAWN)
+      {
+          san += piece_type_to_char(pt, true);
+          switch (move_ambiguity(pos, m)) {
+          case AMBIGUITY_NONE:
+            break;
+          case AMBIGUITY_FILE:
+            san += file_to_char(square_file(from));
+            break;
+          case AMBIGUITY_RANK:
+            san += rank_to_char(square_rank(from));
+            break;
+          case AMBIGUITY_BOTH:
+            san += square_to_string(from);
+            break;
+          default:
+            assert(false);
+          }
+      }
+      if (pos.move_is_capture(m))
+      {
+          if (pt == PAWN)
+              san += file_to_char(square_file(move_from(m)));
+          san += "x";
+      }
+      san += square_to_string(move_to(m));
+      if (move_is_promotion(m))
+      {
+          san += '=';
+          san += piece_type_to_char(move_promotion_piece(m), true);
       }
-    }
-
-    if(pos.move_is_capture(m))
-      str += "x";
-
-    str += square_to_string(move_to(m));
-
-    if(move_promotion(m)) {
-      str += "=";
-      str += piece_type_to_char(move_promotion(m), true);
-    }
   }
-
   // Is the move check?  We don't use pos.move_is_check(m) here, because
   // Position::move_is_check doesn't detect all checks (not castling moves,
   // promotions and en passant captures).
-  UndoInfo u;
-  pos.do_move(m, u);
-  if(pos.is_check())
-    str += pos.is_mate()? "#" : "+";
-  pos.undo_move(m, u);
+  StateInfo st;
+  Position p(pos);
+  p.do_move(m, st);
+  if (p.is_check())
+      san += p.is_mate()? "#" : "+";
 
-  return str;
+  return san;
 }
 
 
 /// move_from_san() takes a position and a string as input, and tries to
-/// interpret the string as a move in short algebraic notation.  On success,
+/// interpret the string as a move in short algebraic notation. On success,
 /// the move is returned.  On failure (i.e. if the string is unparsable, or
 /// if the move is illegal or ambiguous), MOVE_NONE is returned.
 
-Move move_from_san(Position &pos, const std::string &movestr) {
+Move move_from_san(const Position& pos, const string& movestr) {
+
   assert(pos.is_ok());
 
-  MovePicker mp = MovePicker(pos, false, MOVE_NONE, MOVE_NONE, MOVE_NONE,
-                             MOVE_NONE, OnePly);
+  MovePicker mp = MovePicker(pos, MOVE_NONE, OnePly, H);
 
   // Castling moves
-  if(movestr == "O-O-O") {
-    Move m;
-    while((m = mp.get_next_move()) != MOVE_NONE)
-      if(move_is_long_castle(m) && pos.pl_move_is_legal(m))
-        return m;
-    return MOVE_NONE;
-  }
-  else if(movestr == "O-O") {
-    Move m;
-    while((m = mp.get_next_move()) != MOVE_NONE)
-      if(move_is_short_castle(m) && pos.pl_move_is_legal(m))
-        return m;
-    return MOVE_NONE;
-  }
+  if (movestr == "O-O-O" || movestr == "O-O-O+")
+  {
+      Move m;
+      while ((m = mp.get_next_move()) != MOVE_NONE)
+          if (move_is_long_castle(m) && pos.pl_move_is_legal(m))
+              return m;
 
-  // Normal moves
-  const char *cstr = movestr.c_str();
-  const char *c;
-  char *cc;
-  char str[10];
-  int i;
-
-  // Initialize str[] by making a copy of movestr with the characters
-  // 'x', '=', '+' and '#' removed.
-  cc = str;
-  for(i=0, c=cstr; i<10 && *c!='\0' && *c!='\n' && *c!=' '; i++, c++)
-    if(!strchr("x=+#", *c)) {
-      *cc = strchr("nrq", *c)? toupper(*c) : *c;
-      cc++;
-    }
-  *cc = '\0';
-
-  size_t left = 0, right = strlen(str) - 1;
-  PieceType pt = NO_PIECE_TYPE, promotion;
-  Square to;
-  File fromFile = FILE_NONE;
-  Rank fromRank = RANK_NONE;
-
-  // Promotion?
-  if(strchr("BNRQ", str[right])) {
-    promotion = piece_type_from_char(str[right]);
-    right--;
-  }
-  else
-    promotion = NO_PIECE_TYPE;
-
-  // Find the moving piece:
-  if(left < right) {
-    if(strchr("BNRQK", str[left])) {
-      pt = piece_type_from_char(str[left]);
-      left++;
-    }
-    else
-      pt = PAWN;
-  }
-
-  // Find the to square:
-  if(left < right) {
-    if(str[right] < '1' || str[right] > '8' ||
-       str[right-1] < 'a' || str[right-1] > 'h')
       return MOVE_NONE;
-    to = make_square(file_from_char(str[right-1]), rank_from_char(str[right]));
-    right -= 2;
   }
-  else
+  else if (movestr == "O-O" || movestr == "O-O+")
+  {
+      Move m;
+      while ((m = mp.get_next_move()) != MOVE_NONE)
+          if (move_is_short_castle(m) && pos.pl_move_is_legal(m))
+              return m;
+
     return MOVE_NONE;
-
-  // Find the file and/or rank of the from square:
-  if(left <= right) {
-    if(strchr("abcdefgh", str[left])) {
-      fromFile = file_from_char(str[left]);
-      left++;
-    }
-    if(strchr("12345678", str[left]))
-      fromRank = rank_from_char(str[left]);
   }
 
-  // Look for a matching move:
+  // Normal moves. We use a simple FSM to parse the san string.
+  enum { START, TO_FILE, TO_RANK, PROMOTION_OR_CHECK, PROMOTION, CHECK, END };
+  static const string pieceLetters = "KQRBN";
+  PieceType pt = NO_PIECE_TYPE, promotion = NO_PIECE_TYPE;
+  File fromFile = FILE_NONE, toFile = FILE_NONE;
+  Rank fromRank = RANK_NONE, toRank = RANK_NONE;
+  Square to;
+  int state = START;
+
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < movestr.length(); i++)
+  {
+      char type, c = movestr[i];
+      if (pieceLetters.find(c) != string::npos)
+          type = 'P';
+      else if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'h')
+          type = 'F';
+      else if (c >= '1' && c <= '8')
+          type = 'R';
+      else
+          type = c;
+
+      switch (type) {
+      case 'P':
+          if (state == START)
+          {
+              pt = piece_type_from_char(c);
+              state = TO_FILE;
+          }
+          else if (state == PROMOTION)
+          {
+              promotion = piece_type_from_char(c);
+              state = (i < movestr.length() - 1) ? CHECK : END;
+          }
+          else
+              return MOVE_NONE;
+          break;
+      case 'F':
+          if (state == START)
+          {
+              pt = PAWN;
+              fromFile = toFile = file_from_char(c);
+              state = TO_RANK;
+          }
+          else if (state == TO_FILE)
+          {
+              toFile = file_from_char(c);
+              state = TO_RANK;
+          }
+          else if (state == TO_RANK && toFile != FILE_NONE)
+          {
+              // Previous file was for disambiguation
+              fromFile = toFile;
+              toFile = file_from_char(c);
+          }
+          else
+              return MOVE_NONE;
+          break;
+      case 'R':
+          if (state == TO_RANK)
+          {
+              toRank = rank_from_char(c);
+              state = (i < movestr.length() - 1) ? PROMOTION_OR_CHECK : END;
+          }
+          else if (state == TO_FILE && fromRank == RANK_NONE)
+          {
+              // It's a disambiguation rank instead of a file
+              fromRank = rank_from_char(c);
+          }
+          else
+              return MOVE_NONE;
+          break;
+      case 'x': case 'X':
+          if (state == TO_RANK)
+          {
+              // Previous file was for disambiguation, or it's a pawn capture
+              fromFile = toFile;
+              state = TO_FILE;
+          }
+          else if (state != TO_FILE)
+              return MOVE_NONE;
+          break;
+      case '=':
+          if (state == PROMOTION_OR_CHECK)
+              state = PROMOTION;
+          else
+              return MOVE_NONE;
+          break;
+      case '+': case '#':
+          if (state == PROMOTION_OR_CHECK || state == CHECK)
+              state = END;
+          else
+              return MOVE_NONE;
+          break;
+      default:
+          return MOVE_NONE;
+          break;
+      }
+  }
+
+  if (state != END)
+      return MOVE_NONE;
+
+  // Look for a matching move
   Move m, move = MOVE_NONE;
+  to = make_square(toFile, toRank);
   int matches = 0;
 
-  while((m = mp.get_next_move()) != MOVE_NONE) {
-    bool match = true;
-    if(pos.type_of_piece_on(move_from(m)) != pt)
-      match = false;
-    else if(move_to(m) != to)
-      match = false;
-    else if(move_promotion(m) != promotion)
-      match = false;
-    else if(fromFile != FILE_NONE && fromFile != square_file(move_from(m)))
-      match = false;
-    else if(fromRank != RANK_NONE && fromRank != square_rank(move_from(m)))
-      match = false;
-    if(match) {
-      move = m;
-      matches++;
-    }
-  }
-
-  if(matches == 1)
-    return move;
-  else
-    return MOVE_NONE;
+  while ((m = mp.get_next_move()) != MOVE_NONE)
+      if (   pos.type_of_piece_on(move_from(m)) == pt
+          && move_to(m) == to
+          && move_promotion_piece(m) == promotion
+          && (fromFile == FILE_NONE || fromFile == square_file(move_from(m)))
+          && (fromRank == RANK_NONE || fromRank == square_rank(move_from(m))))
+      {
+          move = m;
+          matches++;
+      }
+  return (matches == 1 ? move : MOVE_NONE);
 }
 
 
@@ -271,34 +291,31 @@ Move move_from_san(Position &pos, const std::string &movestr) {
 /// length of 80 characters.  After a line break, 'startColumn' spaces are
 /// inserted at the beginning of the new line.
 
-const std::string line_to_san(const Position &pos, Move line[], int startColumn,
-                              bool breakLines) {
-  Position p = Position(pos);
-  UndoInfo u;
+const string line_to_san(const Position& pos, Move line[], int startColumn, bool breakLines) {
+
+  StateInfo st;
   std::stringstream s;
-  std::string moveStr;
-  size_t length, maxLength;
+  string moveStr;
+  size_t length = 0;
+  size_t maxLength = 80 - startColumn;
+  Position p(pos);
 
-  length = 0;
-  maxLength = 80 - startColumn;
+  for (int i = 0; line[i] != MOVE_NONE; i++)
+  {
+      moveStr = move_to_san(p, line[i]);
+      length += moveStr.length() + 1;
+      if (breakLines && length > maxLength)
+      {
+          s << '\n' << std::setw(startColumn) << ' ';
+          length = moveStr.length() + 1;
+      }
+      s << moveStr << ' ';
 
-  for(int i = 0; line[i] != MOVE_NONE; i++) {
-    moveStr = move_to_san(p, line[i]);
-    length += moveStr.length() + 1;
-    if(breakLines && length > maxLength) {
-      s << "\n";
-      for(int j = 0; j < startColumn; j++)
-        s << " ";
-      length = moveStr.length() + 1;
-    }
-    s << moveStr << " ";
-
-    if(line[i] == MOVE_NULL)
-      p.do_null_move(u);
-    else
-      p.do_move(line[i], u);
+      if (line[i] == MOVE_NULL)
+          p.do_null_move(st);
+      else
+          p.do_move(line[i], st);
   }
-
   return s.str();
 }
 
@@ -307,26 +324,27 @@ const std::string line_to_san(const Position &pos, Move line[], int startColumn,
 /// It is used to write search information to the log file (which is created
 /// when the UCI parameter "Use Search Log" is "true").
 
-const std::string pretty_pv(const Position &pos, int time, int depth,
-                            uint64_t nodes, Value score, Move pv[]) {
+const string pretty_pv(const Position& pos, int time, int depth,
+                       uint64_t nodes, Value score, ValueType type, Move pv[]) {
   std::stringstream s;
 
   // Depth
-  s << std::setw(2) << std::setfill(' ') << depth << "  ";
+  s << std::setw(2) << depth << "  ";
 
   // Score
-  s << std::setw(8) << score_string(score);
+  s << ((type == VALUE_TYPE_LOWER)? ">" : ((type == VALUE_TYPE_UPPER)? "<" : " "));
+  s << std::setw(7) << score_string(score);
 
   // Time
-  s << std::setw(8) << std::setfill(' ') << time_string(time) << " ";
+  s << std::setw(8) << time_string(time) << " ";
 
   // Nodes
-  if(nodes < 1000000ULL)
-    s << std::setw(8) << std::setfill(' ') << nodes << " ";
-  else if(nodes < 1000000000ULL)
-    s << std::setw(7) << std::setfill(' ') << nodes/1000ULL << 'k' << " ";
+  if (nodes < 1000000ULL)
+    s << std::setw(8) << nodes << " ";
+  else if (nodes < 1000000000ULL)
+    s << std::setw(7) << nodes/1000ULL << 'k' << " ";
   else
-    s << std::setw(7) << std::setfill(' ') << nodes/1000000ULL << 'M' << " ";
+    s << std::setw(7) << nodes/1000000ULL << 'M' << " ";
 
   // PV
   s << line_to_san(pos, pv, 30, true);
@@ -337,82 +355,80 @@ const std::string pretty_pv(const Position &pos, int time, int depth,
 
 namespace {
 
-  Ambiguity move_ambiguity(Position &pos, Move m) {
-    Square from, to;
-    Piece pc;
+  Ambiguity move_ambiguity(const Position& pos, Move m) {
 
-    from = move_from(m);
-    to = move_to(m);
-    pc = pos.piece_on(from);
+    Square from = move_from(m);
+    Square to = move_to(m);
+    Piece pc = pos.piece_on(from);
 
     // King moves are never ambiguous, because there is never two kings of
     // the same color.
-    if(type_of_piece(pc) == KING)
-      return AMBIGUITY_NONE;
+    if (type_of_piece(pc) == KING)
+        return AMBIGUITY_NONE;
 
-    MovePicker mp = MovePicker(pos, false, MOVE_NONE, MOVE_NONE, MOVE_NONE,
-                               MOVE_NONE, OnePly);
+    MovePicker mp = MovePicker(pos, MOVE_NONE, OnePly, H);
     Move mv, moveList[8];
-    int i, j, n;
 
-    n = 0;
-    while((mv = mp.get_next_move()) != MOVE_NONE)
-      if(move_to(mv) == to && pos.piece_on(move_from(mv)) == pc
-         && pos.pl_move_is_legal(mv))
-        moveList[n++] = mv;
-    if(n == 1)
-      return AMBIGUITY_NONE;
+    int n = 0;
+    while ((mv = mp.get_next_move()) != MOVE_NONE)
+        if (move_to(mv) == to && pos.piece_on(move_from(mv)) == pc && pos.pl_move_is_legal(mv))
+            moveList[n++] = mv;
 
-    j = 0;
-    for(i = 0; i < n; i++)
-      if(square_file(move_from(moveList[i])) == square_file(from))
-        j++;
-    if(j == 1)
-      return AMBIGUITY_FILE;
+    if (n == 1)
+        return AMBIGUITY_NONE;
 
-    j = 0;
-    for(i = 0; i < n; i++)
-      if(square_rank(move_from(moveList[i])) == square_rank(from))
-        j++;
-    if(j == 1)
-      return AMBIGUITY_RANK;
+    int f = 0, r = 0;
+    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
+    {
+        if (square_file(move_from(moveList[i])) == square_file(from))
+            f++;
+
+        if (square_rank(move_from(moveList[i])) == square_rank(from))
+            r++;
+    }
+    if (f == 1)
+        return AMBIGUITY_FILE;
+
+    if (r == 1)
+        return AMBIGUITY_RANK;
 
     return AMBIGUITY_BOTH;
   }
 
 
-  const std::string time_string(int milliseconds) {
+  const string time_string(int milliseconds) {
+
     std::stringstream s;
+    s << std::setfill('0');
 
-    int hours = milliseconds / (1000 * 60 * 60);
-    int minutes = (milliseconds - hours*1000*60*60) / (60*1000);
-    int seconds = (milliseconds - hours*1000*60*60 - minutes*60*1000) / 1000;
+    int hours = milliseconds / (1000*60*60);
+    int minutes = (milliseconds - hours*1000*60*60) / (1000*60);
+    int seconds = (milliseconds - hours*1000*60*60 - minutes*1000*60) / 1000;
 
-    if(hours)
-      s << hours << ':';
-    s << std::setw(2) << std::setfill('0') << minutes << ':';
-    s << std::setw(2) << std::setfill('0') << seconds;
+    if (hours)
+        s << hours << ':';
 
+    s << std::setw(2) << minutes << ':' << std::setw(2) << seconds;
     return s.str();
   }
 
 
-  const std::string score_string(Value v) {
+  const string score_string(Value v) {
+
     std::stringstream s;
 
-    if(abs(v) >= VALUE_MATE - 200) {
-      if(v < 0)
-        s << "-#" << (VALUE_MATE + v) / 2;
-      else
+    if (v >= VALUE_MATE - 200)
         s << "#" << (VALUE_MATE - v + 1) / 2;
-    }
-    else {
-      float floatScore = float(v) / float(PawnValueMidgame);
-      if(v >= 0)
-        s << '+';
-      s << std::setprecision(2) << std::fixed << floatScore;
+    else if(v <= -VALUE_MATE + 200)
+        s << "-#" << (VALUE_MATE + v) / 2;
+    else
+    {
+        float floatScore = float(v) / float(PawnValueMidgame);
+        if (v >= 0)
+            s << '+';
+
+        s << std::setprecision(2) << std::fixed << floatScore;
     }
     return s.str();
   }
-
 }

src/san.h

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
@@ -36,12 +36,9 @@
 //// Prototypes
 ////
 
-extern const std::string move_to_san(Position &pos, Move m);
-extern Move move_from_san(Position &pos, const std::string &str);
-extern const std::string line_to_san(const Position &pos, Move line[],
-                                     int startColumn, bool breakLines);
-extern const std::string pretty_pv(const Position &pos, int time, int depth,
-                                   uint64_t nodes, Value score, Move pv[]);
-
+extern const std::string move_to_san(const Position& pos, Move m);
+extern Move move_from_san(const Position& pos, const std::string& str);
+extern const std::string line_to_san(const Position& pos, Move line[], int startColumn, bool breakLines);
+extern const std::string pretty_pv(const Position& pos, int time, int depth, uint64_t nodes, Value score, ValueType type, Move pv[]);
 
 #endif // !defined(SAN_H_INCLUDED)

src/scale.h

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */

src/search.h

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
@@ -25,14 +25,8 @@
 //// Includes
 ////
 
-#include "types.h"
 #include "depth.h"
-#include "history.h"
-#include "lock.h"
-#include "movegen.h"
-#include "position.h"
-#include "tt.h"
-#include "value.h"
+#include "move.h"
 
 
 ////
@@ -41,6 +35,7 @@
 
 const int PLY_MAX = 100;
 const int PLY_MAX_PLUS_2 = 102;
+const int KILLER_MAX = 2;
 
 
 ////
@@ -55,35 +50,24 @@ const int PLY_MAX_PLUS_2 = 102;
 struct SearchStack {
   Move pv[PLY_MAX];
   Move currentMove;
-  Value currentMoveCaptureValue;
-  Move mateKiller, killer1, killer2;
+  Move mateKiller;
   Move threatMove;
+  Move killers[KILLER_MAX];
   Depth reduction;
+
+  void init(int ply);
+  void initKillers();
 };
 
 
-////
-//// Global variables
-////
-
-extern TranspositionTable TT;
-
-extern int ActiveThreads;
-
-extern Lock SMPLock;
-
-// Perhaps better to make H local, and pass as parameter to MovePicker?
-extern History H;  
-
-
 ////
 //// Prototypes
 ////
 
 extern void init_threads();
 extern void stop_threads();
-extern void think(const Position &pos, bool infinite, bool ponder, int side_to_move,
-                  int time[], int increment[], int movesToGo, int maxDepth, 
+extern bool think(const Position &pos, bool infinite, bool ponder, int side_to_move,
+                  int time[], int increment[], int movesToGo, int maxDepth,
                   int maxNodes, int maxTime, Move searchMoves[]);
 extern int64_t nodes_searched();
 

src/square.cpp

@@ -1,85 +0,0 @@
-/*
-  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
-  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
-
-  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-  (at your option) any later version.
-  
-  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-  GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
-  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-*/
-
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
-#include <cassert>
-#include <string>
-
-#include "square.h"
-
-
-////
-//// Functions
-////
-
-
-/// Translating files, ranks and squares to/from characters and strings:
-
-File file_from_char(char c) {
-  return File(c - 'a') + FILE_A;
-}
-
-
-char file_to_char(File f) {
-  return char(f - FILE_A) + 'a';
-}
-
-
-Rank rank_from_char(char c) {
-  return Rank(c - '1') + RANK_1;
-}
-
-
-char rank_to_char(Rank r) {
-  return char(r - RANK_1) + '1';
-}
-
-
-Square square_from_string(const std::string &str) {
-  return make_square(file_from_char(str[0]), rank_from_char(str[1]));
-}
-
-
-const std::string square_to_string(Square s) {
-  std::string str;
-  str += file_to_char(square_file(s));
-  str += rank_to_char(square_rank(s));
-  return str;
-}
-
-
-/// file_is_ok(), rank_is_ok() and square_is_ok(), for debugging:
-
-bool file_is_ok(File f) {
-  return f >= FILE_A && f <= FILE_H;
-}
-
-
-bool rank_is_ok(Rank r) {
-  return r >= RANK_1 && r <= RANK_8;
-}
-
-
-bool square_is_ok(Square s) {
-  return file_is_ok(square_file(s)) && rank_is_ok(square_rank(s));
-}

src/square.h

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 //// Includes
 ////
 
+#include <cstdlib> // for abs()
 #include <string>
 
 #include "color.h"
@@ -45,7 +46,7 @@ enum Square {
   SQ_A7, SQ_B7, SQ_C7, SQ_D7, SQ_E7, SQ_F7, SQ_G7, SQ_H7,
   SQ_A8, SQ_B8, SQ_C8, SQ_D8, SQ_E8, SQ_F8, SQ_G8, SQ_H8,
   SQ_NONE
-}; 
+};
 
 enum File {
   FILE_A, FILE_B, FILE_C, FILE_D, FILE_E, FILE_F, FILE_G, FILE_H, FILE_NONE
@@ -72,7 +73,7 @@ const int FlipMask = 070;
 const int FlopMask = 07;
 
 
-//// 
+////
 //// Inline functions
 ////
 
@@ -158,21 +159,43 @@ inline int square_distance(Square s1, Square s2) {
   return Max(file_distance(s1, s2), rank_distance(s1, s2));
 }
 
+inline File file_from_char(char c) {
+  return File(c - 'a') + FILE_A;
+}
 
-//// 
-//// Prototypes
-////
+inline char file_to_char(File f) {
+  return char(f - FILE_A + int('a'));
+}
 
-extern File file_from_char(char c);
-extern char file_to_char(File f);
-extern Rank rank_from_char(char c);
-extern char rank_to_char(Rank r);
-extern Square square_from_string(const std::string &str);
-extern const std::string square_to_string(Square s);
+inline Rank rank_from_char(char c) {
+  return Rank(c - '1') + RANK_1;
+}
 
-extern bool file_is_ok(File f);
-extern bool rank_is_ok(Rank r);
-extern bool square_is_ok(Square s);
+inline char rank_to_char(Rank r) {
+  return char(r - RANK_1 + int('1'));
+}
 
+inline Square square_from_string(const std::string& str) {
+  return make_square(file_from_char(str[0]), rank_from_char(str[1]));
+}
+
+inline const std::string square_to_string(Square s) {
+  std::string str;
+  str += file_to_char(square_file(s));
+  str += rank_to_char(square_rank(s));
+  return str;
+}
+
+inline bool file_is_ok(File f) {
+  return f >= FILE_A && f <= FILE_H;
+}
+
+inline bool rank_is_ok(Rank r) {
+  return r >= RANK_1 && r <= RANK_8;
+}
+
+inline bool square_is_ok(Square s) {
+  return file_is_ok(square_file(s)) && rank_is_ok(square_rank(s));
+}
 
 #endif // !defined(SQUARE_H_INCLUDED)

src/thread.h

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
@@ -66,13 +66,14 @@ struct Thread {
   SplitPoint *splitPoint;
   int activeSplitPoints;
   uint64_t nodes;
+  uint64_t betaCutOffs[2];
   bool failHighPly1;
   volatile bool stop;
   volatile bool running;
   volatile bool idle;
   volatile bool workIsWaiting;
   volatile bool printCurrentLine;
-  unsigned char pad[64];
+  unsigned char pad[64]; // set some distance among local data for each thread
 };
 
 

src/timeoday.cpp

@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-/*
-   (c) Copyright 1992 Eric Backus
-
-   This software may be used freely so long as this copyright notice is
-   left intact.  There is no warrantee on this software.
- */
-#include <windows.h>
-#include <time.h>
-#include "dos.h"
-
-
-int             gettimeofday(struct timeval * tp, struct timezone * tzp)
-{
-    SYSTEMTIME      systime;
-
-    if (tp) {
-        struct tm       tmrec;
-        time_t          theTime = time(NULL);
-
-
-        tmrec = *localtime(&theTime);
-        tp->tv_sec = mktime(&tmrec);
-        GetLocalTime(&systime); /* system time */
-
-        tp->tv_usec = systime.wMilliseconds * 1000;
-    }
-    return 0;
-}

src/tt.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -24,28 +24,26 @@
 
 #include <cassert>
 #include <cmath>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <xmmintrin.h>
 
+#include "movegen.h"
 #include "tt.h"
 
+// The main transposition table
+TranspositionTable TT;
 
 ////
 //// Functions
 ////
 
-/// Constructor
+TranspositionTable::TranspositionTable() {
 
-TranspositionTable::TranspositionTable(unsigned mbSize) {
-
-  size = 0;
-  generation = 0;
-  writes = 0;
+  size = writes = 0;
   entries = 0;
-  set_size(mbSize);
+  generation = 0;
 }
 
-
-/// Destructor
-
 TranspositionTable::~TranspositionTable() {
 
   delete [] entries;
@@ -57,81 +55,93 @@ TranspositionTable::~TranspositionTable() {
 
 void TranspositionTable::set_size(unsigned mbSize) {
 
-  assert(mbSize >= 4 && mbSize <= 1024);
+  assert(mbSize >= 4 && mbSize <= 4096);
 
   unsigned newSize = 1024;
 
-  // We store a cluster of 4 TTEntry for each position and newSize is
-  // the maximum number of storable positions
-  for ( ; newSize * 4 * (sizeof(TTEntry)) <= (mbSize << 20); newSize *= 2);
-  newSize /= 2;
+  // We store a cluster of ClusterSize number of TTEntry for each position
+  // and newSize is the maximum number of storable positions.
+  while ((2 * newSize) * sizeof(TTCluster) <= (mbSize << 20))
+      newSize *= 2;
+
   if (newSize != size)
   {
-    size = newSize;
-    delete [] entries;
-    entries = new TTEntry[size * 4];
-    if (!entries)
-    {
-      std::cerr << "Failed to allocate " << mbSize
-                << " MB for transposition table."
-                << std::endl;
-      exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-    }
-    clear();
+      size = newSize;
+      delete [] entries;
+      entries = new TTCluster[size];
+      if (!entries)
+      {
+          std::cerr << "Failed to allocate " << mbSize
+                    << " MB for transposition table." << std::endl;
+          Application::exit_with_failure();
+      }
+      clear();
   }
 }
 
 
 /// TranspositionTable::clear overwrites the entire transposition table
-/// with zeroes.  It is called whenever the table is resized, or when the
+/// with zeroes. It is called whenever the table is resized, or when the
 /// user asks the program to clear the table (from the UCI interface).
 /// Perhaps we should also clear it when the "ucinewgame" command is recieved?
 
 void TranspositionTable::clear() {
 
-  memset(entries, 0, size * 4 * sizeof(TTEntry));
+  memset(entries, 0, size * sizeof(TTCluster));
+}
+
+
+/// TranspositionTable::first_entry returns a pointer to the first
+/// entry of a cluster given a position. The low 32 bits of the key
+/// are used to get the index in the table.
+
+inline TTEntry* TranspositionTable::first_entry(const Key posKey) const {
+
+  return entries[uint32_t(posKey) & (size - 1)].data;
 }
 
 
 /// TranspositionTable::store writes a new entry containing a position,
 /// a value, a value type, a search depth, and a best move to the
-/// transposition table.  The transposition table is organized in clusters
-/// of four TTEntry objects, and when a new entry is written, it replaces
-/// the least valuable of the four entries in a cluster.  A TTEntry t1 is
+/// transposition table. Transposition table is organized in clusters of
+/// four TTEntry objects, and when a new entry is written, it replaces
+/// the least valuable of the four entries in a cluster. A TTEntry t1 is
 /// considered to be more valuable than a TTEntry t2 if t1 is from the
 /// current search and t2 is from a previous search, or if the depth of t1
-/// is bigger than the depth of t2.
+/// is bigger than the depth of t2. A TTEntry of type VALUE_TYPE_EVAL
+/// never replaces another entry for the same position.
+
+void TranspositionTable::store(const Key posKey, Value v, ValueType t, Depth d, Move m) {
 
-void TranspositionTable::store(const Position &pos, Value v, Depth d,
-                               Move m, ValueType type) {
   TTEntry *tte, *replace;
+  uint32_t posKey32 = posKey >> 32; // Use the high 32 bits as key
 
-  tte = replace = first_entry(pos);
-  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
+  tte = replace = first_entry(posKey);
+  for (int i = 0; i < ClusterSize; i++, tte++)
   {
-    if (!(tte+i)->key()) // still empty
-    {
-        *(tte+i) = TTEntry(pos.get_key(), v, type, d, m, generation);
-        writes++;
-        return;
-    }
-    if ((tte+i)->key() == pos.get_key()) // overwrite old
-    {
-        if (m == MOVE_NONE)
-            m = (tte+i)->move();
+      if (!tte->key() || tte->key() == posKey32) // empty or overwrite old
+      {
+          // Do not overwrite when new type is VALUE_TYPE_EV_LO
+          if (tte->key() && t == VALUE_TYPE_EV_LO)
+              return;
 
-        *(tte+i) = TTEntry(pos.get_key(), v, type, d, m, generation);
-        return;
-    }
-    if (   i == 0  // already is (replace == tte+i), common case
-        || replace->generation() < (tte+i)->generation())
-        continue;
+          if (m == MOVE_NONE)
+              m = tte->move();
 
-    if (    replace->generation() > (tte+i)->generation()
-        || (tte+i)->depth() < replace->depth())
-        replace = tte+i;
+          *tte = TTEntry(posKey32, v, t, d, m, generation);
+          return;
+      }
+      else if (i == 0)  // replace would be a no-op in this common case
+          continue;
+
+      int c1 = (replace->generation() == generation ?  2 : 0);
+      int c2 = (tte->generation() == generation ? -2 : 0);
+      int c3 = (tte->depth() < replace->depth() ?  1 : 0);
+
+      if (c1 + c2 + c3 > 0)
+          replace = tte;
   }
-  *replace = TTEntry(pos.get_key(), v, type, d, m, generation);
+  *replace = TTEntry(posKey32, v, t, d, m, generation);
   writes++;
 }
 
@@ -140,30 +150,42 @@ void TranspositionTable::store(const Position &pos, Value v, Depth d,
 /// transposition table. Returns a pointer to the TTEntry or NULL
 /// if position is not found.
 
-const TTEntry* TranspositionTable::retrieve(const Position &pos) const {
+TTEntry* TranspositionTable::retrieve(const Key posKey) const {
 
-  TTEntry *tte = first_entry(pos);
+  uint32_t posKey32 = posKey >> 32;
+  TTEntry* tte = first_entry(posKey);
 
-  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
-  {
-      tte += i;
-      if (tte->key() == pos.get_key())
+  for (int i = 0; i < ClusterSize; i++, tte++)
+      if (tte->key() == posKey32)
           return tte;
-  }
+
   return NULL;
 }
 
 
-/// TranspositionTable::first_entry returns a pointer to the first
-/// entry of a cluster given a position.
+/// TranspositionTable::prefetch looks up the current position in the
+/// transposition table and load it in L1/L2 cache. This is a non
+/// blocking function and do not stalls the CPU waiting for data
+/// to be loaded from RAM, that can be very slow. When we will
+/// subsequently call retrieve() the TT data will be already
+/// quickly accessible in L1/L2 CPU cache.
 
-inline TTEntry* TranspositionTable::first_entry(const Position &pos) const {
+void TranspositionTable::prefetch(const Key posKey) const {
 
-  return entries + (int(pos.get_key() & (size - 1)) << 2);
+#if defined(__INTEL_COMPILER) || defined(__ICL)
+   // This hack prevents prefetches to be optimized away by the
+   // Intel compiler. Both MSVC and gcc seems not affected.
+   __asm__ ("");
+#endif
+
+   char const* addr = (char*)first_entry(posKey);
+  _mm_prefetch(addr, _MM_HINT_T2);
+  _mm_prefetch(addr+64, _MM_HINT_T2); // 64 bytes ahead
 }
 
+
 /// TranspositionTable::new_search() is called at the beginning of every new
-/// search.  It increments the "generation" variable, which is used to
+/// search. It increments the "generation" variable, which is used to
 /// distinguish transposition table entries from previous searches from
 /// entries from the current search.
 
@@ -175,43 +197,60 @@ void TranspositionTable::new_search() {
 
 
 /// TranspositionTable::insert_pv() is called at the end of a search
-/// iteration, and inserts the PV back into the PV.  This makes sure the
-/// old PV moves are searched first, even if the old TT entries have been
-/// overwritten.
+/// iteration, and inserts the PV back into the PV. This makes sure
+/// the old PV moves are searched first, even if the old TT entries
+/// have been overwritten.
 
-void TranspositionTable::insert_pv(const Position &pos, Move pv[]) {
+void TranspositionTable::insert_pv(const Position& pos, Move pv[]) {
 
-  UndoInfo u;
+  StateInfo st;
   Position p(pos);
 
   for (int i = 0; pv[i] != MOVE_NONE; i++)
   {
-    store(p, VALUE_NONE, Depth(0), pv[i], VALUE_TYPE_NONE);
-    p.do_move(pv[i], u);
+      store(p.get_key(), VALUE_NONE, VALUE_TYPE_NONE, Depth(-127*OnePly), pv[i]);
+      p.do_move(pv[i], st);
   }
 }
 
 
+/// TranspositionTable::extract_pv() extends a PV by adding moves from the
+/// transposition table at the end. This should ensure that the PV is almost
+/// always at least two plies long, which is important, because otherwise we
+/// will often get single-move PVs when the search stops while failing high,
+/// and a single-move PV means that we don't have a ponder move.
+
+void TranspositionTable::extract_pv(const Position& pos, Move pv[], int pvSize) {
+
+  const TTEntry* tte;
+  StateInfo st;
+  Position p(pos);
+  int ply = 0;
+
+  // Update position to the end of current PV
+  while (pv[ply] != MOVE_NONE)
+      p.do_move(pv[ply++], st);
+
+  // Try to add moves from TT while possible
+  while (   (tte = retrieve(p.get_key())) != NULL
+         && tte->move() != MOVE_NONE
+         && move_is_legal(p, tte->move())
+         && (!p.is_draw() || ply < 2)
+         && ply < pvSize)
+  {
+      pv[ply] = tte->move();
+      p.do_move(pv[ply++], st);
+  }
+  pv[ply] = MOVE_NONE;
+}
+
+
 /// TranspositionTable::full() returns the permill of all transposition table
 /// entries which have received at least one write during the current search.
 /// It is used to display the "info hashfull ..." information in UCI.
 
-int TranspositionTable::full() {
+int TranspositionTable::full() const {
 
-  double N = double(size) * 4.0;
+  double N = double(size) * ClusterSize;
   return int(1000 * (1 - exp(writes * log(1.0 - 1.0/N))));
 }
-
-
-/// Constructors
-
-TTEntry::TTEntry() {
-}
-
-TTEntry::TTEntry(Key k, Value v, ValueType t, Depth d, Move m,
-                 int generation) :
-  key_ (k), data((m & 0x7FFFF) | (t << 20) | (generation << 23)),
-  value_(v), depth_(int16_t(d)) {}
-
-
-

src/tt.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -34,60 +34,91 @@
 //// Types
 ////
 
-/// The TTEntry class is the class of transposition table entries.
+/// The TTEntry class is the class of transposition table entries
+///
+/// A TTEntry needs 96 bits to be stored
+///
+/// bit  0-31: key
+/// bit 32-63: data
+/// bit 64-79: value
+/// bit 80-95: depth
+///
+/// the 32 bits of the data field are so defined
+///
+/// bit  0-16: move
+/// bit 17-19: not used
+/// bit 20-22: value type
+/// bit 23-31: generation
 
 class TTEntry {
 
 public:
-  TTEntry();
-  TTEntry(Key k, Value v, ValueType t, Depth d, Move m, int generation);
-  Key key() const { return key_; }
+  TTEntry() {}
+  TTEntry(uint32_t k, Value v, ValueType t, Depth d, Move m, int generation)
+        : key_ (k), data((m & 0x1FFFF) | (t << 20) | (generation << 23)),
+          value_(int16_t(v)), depth_(int16_t(d)) {}
+
+  uint32_t key() const { return key_; }
   Depth depth() const { return Depth(depth_); }
-  Move move() const { return Move(data & 0x7FFFF); }
+  Move move() const { return Move(data & 0x1FFFF); }
   Value value() const { return Value(value_); }
-  ValueType type() const { return ValueType((data >> 20) & 3); }
+  ValueType type() const { return ValueType((data >> 20) & 7); }
   int generation() const { return (data >> 23); }
 
 private:
-  Key key_;
+  uint32_t key_;
   uint32_t data;
   int16_t value_;
   int16_t depth_;
 };
 
-/// The transposition table class.  This is basically just a huge array
+
+/// This is the number of TTEntry slots for each position
+const int ClusterSize = 5;
+
+/// Each group of ClusterSize number of TTEntry form a TTCluster
+/// that is indexed by a single position key. Cluster is padded
+/// to a cache line size so to guarantee always aligned accesses.
+
+struct TTCluster {
+  TTEntry data[ClusterSize];
+  char cache_line_padding[64 - sizeof(TTEntry[ClusterSize])];
+};
+
+
+/// The transposition table class. This is basically just a huge array
 /// containing TTEntry objects, and a few methods for writing new entries
 /// and reading new ones.
 
 class TranspositionTable {
 
 public:
-  TranspositionTable(unsigned mbSize);
+  TranspositionTable();
   ~TranspositionTable();
   void set_size(unsigned mbSize);
   void clear();
-  void store(const Position &pos, Value v, Depth d, Move m, ValueType type);
-  const TTEntry* retrieve(const Position &pos) const;
+  void store(const Key posKey, Value v, ValueType type, Depth d, Move m);
+  TTEntry* retrieve(const Key posKey) const;
+  void prefetch(const Key posKey) const;
   void new_search();
-  void insert_pv(const Position &pos, Move pv[]);
-  int full();
+  void insert_pv(const Position& pos, Move pv[]);
+  void extract_pv(const Position& pos, Move pv[], int pvSize);
+  int full() const;
 
 private:
-  inline TTEntry* first_entry(const Position &pos) const;
+  inline TTEntry* first_entry(const Key posKey) const;
+
+  // Be sure 'writes' is at least one cache line away
+  // from read only variables.
+  unsigned char pad_before[64 - sizeof(unsigned)];
+  unsigned writes; // heavy SMP read/write access here
+  unsigned char pad_after[64];
 
   unsigned size;
-  int writes;
-  TTEntry* entries;
+  TTCluster* entries;
   uint8_t generation;
 };
 
-
-////
-//// Constants and variables
-////
-
-// Default transposition table size, in megabytes:
-const int TTDefaultSize = 32;
-
+extern TranspositionTable TT;
 
 #endif // !defined(TT_H_INCLUDED)

src/types.h

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ typedef __int8 int8_t;
 typedef unsigned __int8 uint8_t;
 typedef __int16 int16;
 typedef unsigned __int16 uint16_t;
-typedef __int32 int32;
+typedef __int32 int32_t;
 typedef unsigned __int32 uint32_t;
 typedef __int64 int64;
 typedef unsigned __int64 uint64_t;
@@ -41,7 +41,36 @@ typedef __int64 int64_t;
 
 #endif // !defined(_MSC_VER)
 
-// Hash keys:
+// Hash keys
 typedef uint64_t Key;
 
+// Bitboard type
+typedef uint64_t Bitboard;
+
+
+////
+//// Compiler specific defines
+////
+
+// Quiet a warning on Intel compiler
+#if !defined(__SIZEOF_INT__ )
+#define __SIZEOF_INT__ 0
+#endif
+
+// Check for 64 bits for different compilers: Intel, MSVC and gcc
+#if defined(__x86_64) || defined(_M_X64) || defined(_WIN64) || (__SIZEOF_INT__ > 4)
+#define IS_64BIT
+#endif
+
+#if defined(IS_64BIT) && (defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__INTEL_COMPILER))
+#define USE_BSFQ
+#endif
+
+// Cache line alignment specification
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
+#define CACHE_LINE_ALIGNMENT __declspec(align(64))
+#else
+#define CACHE_LINE_ALIGNMENT  __attribute__ ((aligned(64)))
+#endif
+
 #endif // !defined(TYPES_H_INCLUDED)

src/uci.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 //// Includes
 ////
 
+#include <cassert>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <sstream>
 #include <string>
@@ -37,6 +38,7 @@
 #include "uci.h"
 #include "ucioption.h"
 
+using namespace std;
 
 ////
 //// Local definitions:
@@ -44,22 +46,21 @@
 
 namespace {
 
-  // UCIInputParser is a class for parsing UCI input.  The class
+  // UCIInputParser is a class for parsing UCI input. The class
   // is actually a string stream built on a given input string.
 
-  typedef std::istringstream UCIInputParser;
+  typedef istringstream UCIInputParser;
 
-  // The root position.  This is set up when the user (or in practice, the GUI)
-  // sends the "position" UCI command.  The root position is sent to the think()
+  // The root position. This is set up when the user (or in practice, the GUI)
+  // sends the "position" UCI command. The root position is sent to the think()
   // function when the program receives the "go" command.
   Position RootPosition;
 
   // Local functions
-  void get_command();
-  void handle_command(const std::string &command);
-  void set_option(UCIInputParser &uip);
-  void set_position(UCIInputParser &uip);
-  void go(UCIInputParser &uip);
+  bool handle_command(const string& command);
+  void set_option(UCIInputParser& uip);
+  void set_position(UCIInputParser& uip);
+  bool go(UCIInputParser& uip);
 }
 
 
@@ -67,17 +68,25 @@ namespace {
 //// Functions
 ////
 
-/// uci_main_loop() is the only global function in this file.  It is
+/// uci_main_loop() is the only global function in this file. It is
 /// called immediately after the program has finished initializing.
 /// The program remains in this loop until it receives the "quit" UCI
-/// command.
+/// command. It waits for a command from the user, and passes this
+/// command to handle_command and also intercepts EOF from stdin,
+/// by translating EOF to the "quit" command. This ensures that Stockfish
+/// exits gracefully if the GUI dies unexpectedly.
 
 void uci_main_loop() {
 
   RootPosition.from_fen(StartPosition);
+  string command;
 
-  while (1)
-      get_command();
+  do {
+      // Wait for a command from stdin
+      if (!getline(cin, command))
+          command = "quit";
+
+  } while (handle_command(command));
 }
 
 
@@ -87,64 +96,43 @@ void uci_main_loop() {
 
 namespace {
 
-  // get_command() waits for a command from the user, and passes
-  // this command to handle_command.  get_command also intercepts
-  // EOF from stdin, by translating EOF to the "quit" command.  This
-  // ensures that Stockfish exits gracefully if the GUI dies
-  // unexpectedly.
-
-  void get_command() {
-
-    std::string command;
-
-    if (!std::getline(std::cin, command))
-        command = "quit";
-
-    handle_command(command);
-  }
-
-
   // handle_command() takes a text string as input, uses a
   // UCIInputParser object to parse this text string as a UCI command,
-  // and calls the appropriate functions.  In addition to the UCI
+  // and calls the appropriate functions. In addition to the UCI
   // commands, the function also supports a few debug commands.
 
-  void handle_command(const std::string &command) {
+  bool handle_command(const string& command) {
 
     UCIInputParser uip(command);
-    std::string token;
+    string token;
 
-    uip >> token; // operator >> skips any whitespace
+    uip >> token; // operator>>() skips any whitespace
 
     if (token == "quit")
+        return false;
+
+    if (token == "go")
+        return go(uip);
+
+    if (token == "uci")
     {
-        OpeningBook.close();
-        stop_threads();
-        quit_eval();
-        exit(0);
-    }
-    else if (token == "uci")
-    {
-        std::cout << "id name " << engine_name() << std::endl
-                  << "id author Tord Romstad, Marco Costalba"
-                  << std::endl;
+        cout << "id name " << engine_name()
+             << "\nid author Tord Romstad, Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski\n";
         print_uci_options();
-        std::cout << "uciok" << std::endl;
+        cout << "uciok" << endl;
     }
     else if (token == "ucinewgame")
     {
-        TT.clear();
+        push_button("Clear Hash");
         Position::init_piece_square_tables();
         RootPosition.from_fen(StartPosition);
     }
     else if (token == "isready")
-        std::cout << "readyok" << std::endl;
+        cout << "readyok" << endl;
     else if (token == "position")
         set_position(uip);
     else if (token == "setoption")
         set_option(uip);
-    else if (token == "go")
-        go(uip);
 
     // The remaining commands are for debugging purposes only.
     // Perhaps they should be removed later in order to reduce the
@@ -159,55 +147,49 @@ namespace {
     else if (token == "eval")
     {
         EvalInfo ei;
-        std::cout << "Incremental mg: " << RootPosition.mg_value()
-                  << std::endl;
-        std::cout << "Incremental eg: " << RootPosition.eg_value()
-                  << std::endl;
-        std::cout << "Full eval: "
-                  << evaluate(RootPosition, ei, 0)
-                  << std::endl;
+        cout << "Incremental mg: " << RootPosition.mg_value()
+             << "\nIncremental eg: " << RootPosition.eg_value()
+             << "\nFull eval: " << evaluate(RootPosition, ei, 0) << endl;
     }
     else if (token == "key")
-    {
-        std::cout << "key: " << RootPosition.get_key()
-                  << " material key: " << RootPosition.get_material_key()
-                  << " pawn key: " << RootPosition.get_pawn_key()
-                  << std::endl;
-    }
+        cout << "key: " << hex << RootPosition.get_key()
+             << "\nmaterial key: " << RootPosition.get_material_key()
+             << "\npawn key: " << RootPosition.get_pawn_key() << endl;
     else
     {
-        std::cout << "Unknown command: " << command << std::endl;
+        cout << "Unknown command: " << command << endl;
         while (!uip.eof())
         {
             uip >> token;
-            std::cout << token << std::endl;
+            cout << token << endl;
         }
     }
+    return true;
   }
 
 
   // set_position() is called when Stockfish receives the "position" UCI
-  // command.  The input parameter is a UCIInputParser.  It is assumed
+  // command. The input parameter is a UCIInputParser. It is assumed
   // that this parser has consumed the first token of the UCI command
   // ("position"), and is ready to read the second token ("startpos"
   // or "fen", if the input is well-formed).
 
-  void set_position(UCIInputParser &uip) {
+  void set_position(UCIInputParser& uip) {
 
-    std::string token;
+    string token;
 
-    uip >> token; // operator >> skips any whitespace
+    uip >> token; // operator>>() skips any whitespace
 
     if (token == "startpos")
         RootPosition.from_fen(StartPosition);
     else if (token == "fen")
     {
-        std::string fen;
+        string fen;
         while (token != "moves" && !uip.eof())
         {
-          uip >> token;
-          fen += token;
-          fen += ' ';
+            uip >> token;
+            fen += token;
+            fen += ' ';
         }
         RootPosition.from_fen(fen);
     }
@@ -219,43 +201,51 @@ namespace {
         if (token == "moves")
         {
             Move move;
-            UndoInfo u;
+            StateInfo st;
             while (!uip.eof())
             {
                 uip >> token;
                 move = move_from_string(RootPosition, token);
-                RootPosition.do_move(move, u);
+                RootPosition.do_move(move, st);
                 if (RootPosition.rule_50_counter() == 0)
                     RootPosition.reset_game_ply();
             }
+            // Our StateInfo st is about going out of scope so copy
+            // its content inside RootPosition before they disappear.
+            RootPosition.saveState();
         }
     }
   }
 
 
   // set_option() is called when Stockfish receives the "setoption" UCI
-  // command.  The input parameter is a UCIInputParser.  It is assumed
+  // command. The input parameter is a UCIInputParser. It is assumed
   // that this parser has consumed the first token of the UCI command
   // ("setoption"), and is ready to read the second token ("name", if
   // the input is well-formed).
 
-  void set_option(UCIInputParser &uip) {
+  void set_option(UCIInputParser& uip) {
 
-    std::string token, name;
+    string token, name;
 
     uip >> token;
     if (token == "name")
     {
         uip >> name;
-        uip >> token;
-        while (!uip.eof() && token != "value")
+        while (!uip.eof())
         {
-          name += (" " + token);
-          uip >> token;
+            uip >> token;
+            if (token == "value")
+                break;
+
+            name += (" " + token);
         }
         if (token == "value")
         {
-            std::getline(uip, token); // reads until end of line
+            // Reads until end of line and left trim white space
+            getline(uip, token);
+            token.erase(0, token.find_first_not_of(" \n\r\t"));
+
             set_option_value(name, token);
         } else
             push_button(name);
@@ -263,17 +253,18 @@ namespace {
   }
 
 
-  // go() is called when Stockfish receives the "go" UCI command.  The
-  // input parameter is a UCIInputParser.  It is assumed that this
+  // go() is called when Stockfish receives the "go" UCI command. The
+  // input parameter is a UCIInputParser. It is assumed that this
   // parser has consumed the first token of the UCI command ("go"),
-  // and is ready to read the second token.  The function sets the
+  // and is ready to read the second token. The function sets the
   // thinking time and other parameters from the input string, and
   // calls think() (defined in search.cpp) with the appropriate
-  // parameters.
+  // parameters. Returns false if a quit command is received while
+  // thinking, returns true otherwise.
 
-  void go(UCIInputParser &uip) {
+  bool go(UCIInputParser& uip) {
 
-    std::string token;
+    string token;
 
     int time[2] = {0, 0}, inc[2] = {0, 0};
     int movesToGo = 0, depth = 0, nodes = 0, moveTime = 0;
@@ -321,7 +312,10 @@ namespace {
     if (moveTime)
         infinite = true;  // HACK
 
-    think(RootPosition, infinite, ponder, RootPosition.side_to_move(), time,
-          inc, movesToGo, depth, nodes, moveTime, searchMoves);
+    assert(RootPosition.is_ok());
+
+    return think(RootPosition, infinite, ponder, RootPosition.side_to_move(),
+                 time, inc, movesToGo, depth, nodes, moveTime, searchMoves);
   }
+
 }

src/uci.h

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */

src/ucioption.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -22,7 +22,9 @@
 //// Includes
 ////
 
+#include <algorithm>
 #include <cassert>
+#include <map>
 #include <string>
 #include <sstream>
 #include <vector>
@@ -31,13 +33,7 @@
 #include "thread.h"
 #include "ucioption.h"
 
-
-////
-//// Variables
-////
-
-bool Chess960 = false;
-
+using std::string;
 
 ////
 //// Local definitions
@@ -51,96 +47,94 @@ namespace {
 
   enum OptionType { SPIN, COMBO, CHECK, STRING, BUTTON };
 
-  typedef std::vector<std::string> ComboValues;
+  typedef std::vector<string> ComboValues;
 
   struct Option {
 
-    std::string name, defaultValue, currentValue;
+    string name, defaultValue, currentValue;
     OptionType type;
+    size_t idx;
     int minValue, maxValue;
     ComboValues comboValues;
 
-    Option(const char* name, const char* defaultValue, OptionType = STRING);
-    Option(const char* name, bool defaultValue, OptionType = CHECK);
-    Option(const char* name, int defaultValue, int minValue, int maxValue);
+    Option();
+    Option(const char* defaultValue, OptionType = STRING);
+    Option(bool defaultValue, OptionType = CHECK);
+    Option(int defaultValue, int minValue, int maxValue);
+
+    bool operator<(const Option& o) const { return this->idx < o.idx; }
   };
 
-  typedef std::vector<Option> Options;
+  typedef std::map<string, Option> Options;
 
   ///
   /// Constants
   ///
 
-  // load_defaults populates the options vector with the hard
+  // load_defaults populates the options map with the hard
   // coded names and default values.
 
   void load_defaults(Options& o) {
 
-    o.push_back(Option("Use Search Log", false));
-    o.push_back(Option("Search Log Filename", "SearchLog.txt"));
-    o.push_back(Option("Book File", "book.bin"));
-    o.push_back(Option("Mobility (Middle Game)", 100, 0, 200));
-    o.push_back(Option("Mobility (Endgame)", 100, 0, 200));
-    o.push_back(Option("Pawn Structure (Middle Game)", 100, 0, 200));
-    o.push_back(Option("Pawn Structure (Endgame)", 100, 0, 200));
-    o.push_back(Option("Passed Pawns (Middle Game)", 100, 0, 200));
-    o.push_back(Option("Passed Pawns (Endgame)", 100, 0, 200));
-    o.push_back(Option("Aggressiveness", 100, 0, 200));
-    o.push_back(Option("Cowardice", 100, 0, 200));
-    o.push_back(Option("King Safety Curve", "Quadratic", COMBO));
+    o["Use Search Log"] = Option(false);
+    o["Search Log Filename"] = Option("SearchLog.txt");
+    o["Book File"] = Option("book.bin");
+    o["Mobility (Middle Game)"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
+    o["Mobility (Endgame)"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
+    o["Pawn Structure (Middle Game)"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
+    o["Pawn Structure (Endgame)"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
+    o["Passed Pawns (Middle Game)"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
+    o["Passed Pawns (Endgame)"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
+    o["Space"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
+    o["Aggressiveness"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
+    o["Cowardice"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
+    o["King Safety Curve"] = Option("Quadratic", COMBO);
 
-       o.back().comboValues.push_back("Quadratic");
-       o.back().comboValues.push_back("Linear");  /*, "From File"*/
+       o["King Safety Curve"].comboValues.push_back("Quadratic");
+       o["King Safety Curve"].comboValues.push_back("Linear");  /*, "From File"*/
 
-    o.push_back(Option("King Safety Coefficient", 40, 1, 100));
-    o.push_back(Option("King Safety X Intercept", 0, 0, 20));
-    o.push_back(Option("King Safety Max Slope", 30, 10, 100));
-    o.push_back(Option("King Safety Max Value", 500, 100, 1000));
-    o.push_back(Option("Queen Contact Check Bonus", 4, 0, 8));
-    o.push_back(Option("Rook Contact Check Bonus", 2, 0, 4));
-    o.push_back(Option("Queen Check Bonus", 2, 0, 4));
-    o.push_back(Option("Rook Check Bonus", 1, 0, 4));
-    o.push_back(Option("Bishop Check Bonus", 1, 0, 4));
-    o.push_back(Option("Knight Check Bonus", 1, 0, 4));
-    o.push_back(Option("Discovered Check Bonus", 3, 0, 8));
-    o.push_back(Option("Mate Threat Bonus", 3, 0, 8));
-    o.push_back(Option("Check Extension (PV nodes)", 2, 0, 2));
-    o.push_back(Option("Check Extension (non-PV nodes)", 1, 0, 2));
-    o.push_back(Option("Single Reply Extension (PV nodes)", 2, 0, 2));
-    o.push_back(Option("Single Reply Extension (non-PV nodes)", 2, 0, 2));
-    o.push_back(Option("Mate Threat Extension (PV nodes)", 0, 0, 2));
-    o.push_back(Option("Mate Threat Extension (non-PV nodes)", 0, 0, 2));
-    o.push_back(Option("Pawn Push to 7th Extension (PV nodes)", 1, 0, 2));
-    o.push_back(Option("Pawn Push to 7th Extension (non-PV nodes)", 1, 0, 2));
-    o.push_back(Option("Passed Pawn Extension (PV nodes)", 1, 0, 2));
-    o.push_back(Option("Passed Pawn Extension (non-PV nodes)", 0, 0, 2));
-    o.push_back(Option("Pawn Endgame Extension (PV nodes)", 2, 0, 2));
-    o.push_back(Option("Pawn Endgame Extension (non-PV nodes)", 2, 0, 2));
-    o.push_back(Option("Full Depth Moves (PV nodes)", 14, 1, 100));
-    o.push_back(Option("Full Depth Moves (non-PV nodes)", 3, 1, 100));
-    o.push_back(Option("Threat Depth", 5, 0, 100));
-    o.push_back(Option("Selective Plies", 7, 0, 10));
-    o.push_back(Option("Futility Pruning (Main Search)", true));
-    o.push_back(Option("Futility Pruning (Quiescence Search)", true));
-    o.push_back(Option("Futility Margin 0", 50, 0, 1000));
-    o.push_back(Option("Futility Margin 1", 100, 0, 1000));
-    o.push_back(Option("Futility Margin 2", 300, 0, 1000));
-    o.push_back(Option("Maximum Razoring Depth", 3, 0, 4));
-    o.push_back(Option("Razoring Margin", 300, 150, 600));
-    o.push_back(Option("LSN filtering", false));
-    o.push_back(Option("LSN Time Margin (sec)", 4, 1, 10));
-    o.push_back(Option("LSN Value Margin", 200, 100, 600));
-    o.push_back(Option("Randomness", 0, 0, 10));
-    o.push_back(Option("Minimum Split Depth", 4, 4, 7));
-    o.push_back(Option("Maximum Number of Threads per Split Point", 5, 4, 8));
-    o.push_back(Option("Threads", 1, 1, 8));
-    o.push_back(Option("Hash", 32, 4, 4096));
-    o.push_back(Option("Clear Hash", false, BUTTON));
-    o.push_back(Option("Ponder", true));
-    o.push_back(Option("OwnBook", true));
-    o.push_back(Option("MultiPV", 1, 1, 500));
-    o.push_back(Option("UCI_ShowCurrLine", false));
-    o.push_back(Option("UCI_Chess960", false));
+    o["King Safety Coefficient"] = Option(40, 1, 100);
+    o["King Safety X Intercept"] = Option(0, 0, 20);
+    o["King Safety Max Slope"] = Option(30, 10, 100);
+    o["King Safety Max Value"] = Option(500, 100, 1000);
+    o["Queen Contact Check Bonus"] = Option(3, 0, 8);
+    o["Queen Check Bonus"] = Option(2, 0, 4);
+    o["Rook Check Bonus"] = Option(1, 0, 4);
+    o["Bishop Check Bonus"] = Option(1, 0, 4);
+    o["Knight Check Bonus"] = Option(1, 0, 4);
+    o["Discovered Check Bonus"] = Option(3, 0, 8);
+    o["Mate Threat Bonus"] = Option(3, 0, 8);
+    o["Check Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
+    o["Check Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(1, 0, 2);
+    o["Single Reply Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
+    o["Single Reply Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
+    o["Mate Threat Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(0, 0, 2);
+    o["Mate Threat Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(0, 0, 2);
+    o["Pawn Push to 7th Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(1, 0, 2);
+    o["Pawn Push to 7th Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(1, 0, 2);
+    o["Passed Pawn Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(1, 0, 2);
+    o["Passed Pawn Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(0, 0, 2);
+    o["Pawn Endgame Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
+    o["Pawn Endgame Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
+    o["Full Depth Moves (PV nodes)"] = Option(10, 1, 100);
+    o["Full Depth Moves (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(3, 1, 100);
+    o["Threat Depth"] = Option(5, 0, 100);
+    o["Randomness"] = Option(0, 0, 10);
+    o["Minimum Split Depth"] = Option(4, 4, 7);
+    o["Maximum Number of Threads per Split Point"] = Option(5, 4, 8);
+    o["Threads"] = Option(1, 1, 8);
+    o["Hash"] = Option(32, 4, 4096);
+    o["Clear Hash"] = Option(false, BUTTON);
+    o["Ponder"] = Option(true);
+    o["OwnBook"] = Option(true);
+    o["MultiPV"] = Option(1, 1, 500);
+    o["UCI_ShowCurrLine"] = Option(false);
+    o["UCI_Chess960"] = Option(false);
+    o["UCI_AnalyseMode"] = Option(false);
+
+    // Any option should know its name so to be easily printed
+    for (Options::iterator it = o.begin(); it != o.end(); ++it)
+        it->second.name = it->first;
   }
 
   ///
@@ -149,56 +143,32 @@ namespace {
 
   Options options;
 
-  // Local functions
-  Options::iterator option_with_name(const std::string& optionName);
-
   // stringify converts a value of type T to a std::string
   template<typename T>
-  std::string stringify(const T& v) {
+  string stringify(const T& v) {
 
      std::ostringstream ss;
      ss << v;
      return ss.str();
   }
 
-  // We want conversion from a bool value to be "true" or "false",
-  // not "1" or "0", so add a specialization for bool type.
-  template<>
-  std::string stringify<bool>(const bool& v) {
-
-    return v ? "true" : "false";
-  }
 
   // get_option_value implements the various get_option_value_<type>
   // functions defined later, because only the option value
   // type changes a template seems a proper solution.
 
   template<typename T>
-  T get_option_value(const std::string& optionName) {
+  T get_option_value(const string& optionName) {
 
-      T ret;
-      Options::iterator it = option_with_name(optionName);
+      T ret = T();
+      if (options.find(optionName) == options.end())
+          return ret;
 
-      if (it != options.end())
-      {
-          std::istringstream ss(it->currentValue);
-          ss >> ret;
-      }
+      std::istringstream ss(options[optionName].currentValue);
+      ss >> ret;
       return ret;
   }
 
-  // Unfortunatly we need a specialization to convert "false" and "true"
-  // to proper bool values. The culprit is that we use a non standard way
-  // to store a bool value in a string, in particular we use "false" and
-  // "true" instead of "0" and "1" due to how UCI protocol works.
-
-  template<>
-  bool get_option_value<bool>(const std::string& optionName) {
-
-      Options::iterator it = option_with_name(optionName);
-
-      return it != options.end() && it->currentValue == "true";
-  }
 }
 
 ////
@@ -217,25 +187,11 @@ void init_uci_options() {
   // According to Ken Dail's tests, Glaurung plays much better with 7 than
   // with 8 threads.  This is weird, but it is probably difficult to find out
   // why before I have a 8-core computer to experiment with myself.
-  Options::iterator it = option_with_name("Threads");
+  assert(options.find("Threads") != options.end());
+  assert(options.find("Minimum Split Depth") != options.end());
 
-  assert(it != options.end());
-
-  it->defaultValue = stringify(Min(cpu_count(), 7));
-  it->currentValue = stringify(Min(cpu_count(), 7));
-
-  // Increase the minimum split depth when the number of CPUs is big.
-  // It would probably be better to let this depend on the number of threads
-  // instead.
-  if(cpu_count() > 4)
-  {
-      it = option_with_name("Minimum Split Depth");
-
-      assert(it != options.end());
-
-      it->defaultValue = "6";
-      it->currentValue = "6";
-  }
+  options["Threads"].defaultValue = stringify(Min(cpu_count(), 7));
+  options["Threads"].currentValue = stringify(Min(cpu_count(), 7));
 }
 
 
@@ -248,32 +204,42 @@ void print_uci_options() {
     "spin", "combo", "check", "string", "button"
   };
 
-  for (Options::iterator it = options.begin(); it != options.end(); ++it)
-  {
-      std::cout << "option name " << it->name
-                << " type "       << optionTypeName[it->type];
+  // Build up a vector out of the options map and sort it according to idx
+  // field, that is the chronological insertion order in options map.
+  std::vector<Option> vec;
+  for (Options::const_iterator it = options.begin(); it != options.end(); ++it)
+      vec.push_back(it->second);
 
-      if (it->type != BUTTON)
-      {
+  std::sort(vec.begin(), vec.end());
+
+  for (std::vector<Option>::const_iterator it = vec.begin(); it != vec.end(); ++it)
+  {
+      std::cout << "\noption name " << it->name
+                << " type "         << optionTypeName[it->type];
+
+      if (it->type == BUTTON)
+          continue;
+
+      if (it->type == CHECK)
+          std::cout << " default " << (it->defaultValue == "1" ? "true" : "false");
+      else
           std::cout << " default " << it->defaultValue;
 
-          if (it->type == SPIN)
-              std::cout << " min " << it->minValue
-                        << " max " << it->maxValue;
-
-          else if (it->type == COMBO)
-              for(ComboValues::iterator itc = it->comboValues.begin();
-                  itc != it->comboValues.end(); ++itc)
-                      std::cout << " var " << *itc;
-      }
-      std::cout << std::endl;
+      if (it->type == SPIN)
+          std::cout << " min " << it->minValue << " max " << it->maxValue;
+      else if (it->type == COMBO)
+          for (ComboValues::const_iterator itc = it->comboValues.begin();
+              itc != it->comboValues.end(); ++itc)
+              std::cout << " var " << *itc;
   }
+  std::cout << std::endl;
 }
 
+
 /// get_option_value_bool() returns the current value of a UCI parameter of
 /// type "check".
 
-bool get_option_value_bool(const std::string& optionName) {
+bool get_option_value_bool(const string& optionName) {
 
   return get_option_value<bool>(optionName);
 }
@@ -284,84 +250,78 @@ bool get_option_value_bool(const std::string& optionName) {
 /// it could also be used with a "combo" parameter, where all the available
 /// values are integers.
 
-int get_option_value_int(const std::string& optionName) {
+int get_option_value_int(const string& optionName) {
 
   return get_option_value<int>(optionName);
 }
 
 
 /// get_option_value_string() returns the current value of a UCI parameter as
-/// a string.  It is used with parameters of type "combo" and "string".
+/// a string. It is used with parameters of type "combo" and "string".
 
-const std::string get_option_value_string(const std::string& optionName) {
+string get_option_value_string(const string& optionName) {
 
-   return get_option_value<std::string>(optionName);
+   return get_option_value<string>(optionName);
 }
 
 
-/// button_was_pressed() tests whether a UCI parameter of type "button" has
-/// been selected since the last time the function was called.
-
-bool button_was_pressed(const std::string& buttonName) {
-
-  if (get_option_value<bool>(buttonName))
-  {
-    set_option_value(buttonName, "false");
-    return true;
-  }
-
-  return false;
-}
-
-
-/// set_option_value() inserts a new value for a UCI parameter.  Note that
+/// set_option_value() inserts a new value for a UCI parameter. Note that
 /// the function does not check that the new value is legal for the given
-/// parameter:  This is assumed to be the responsibility of the GUI.
+/// parameter: This is assumed to be the responsibility of the GUI.
 
-void set_option_value(const std::string& optionName,
-                      const std::string& newValue) {
+void set_option_value(const string& name, const string& value) {
 
-  Options::iterator it = option_with_name(optionName);
+  // UCI protocol uses "true" and "false" instead of "1" and "0", so convert
+  // value according to standard C++ convention before to store it.
+  string v(value);
+  if (v == "true")
+      v = "1";
+  else if (v == "false")
+      v = "0";
 
-  if (it != options.end())
-      it->currentValue = newValue;
+  if (options.find(name) != options.end())
+      options[name].currentValue = v;
   else
-      std::cout << "No such option: " << optionName << std::endl;
+      std::cout << "No such option: " << name << std::endl;
 }
 
 
 /// push_button() is used to tell the engine that a UCI parameter of type
 /// "button" has been selected:
 
-void push_button(const std::string& buttonName) {
+void push_button(const string& buttonName) {
 
   set_option_value(buttonName, "true");
 }
 
 
+/// button_was_pressed() tests whether a UCI parameter of type "button" has
+/// been selected since the last time the function was called, in this case
+/// it also resets the button.
+
+bool button_was_pressed(const string& buttonName) {
+
+  if (!get_option_value<bool>(buttonName))
+	  return false;
+
+  set_option_value(buttonName, "false");
+  return true;
+}
+
+
 namespace {
 
-    // Define constructors of Option class.
+  // Define constructors of Option class.
 
-    Option::Option(const char* nm, const char* def, OptionType t)
-    : name(nm), defaultValue(def), currentValue(def), type(t), minValue(0), maxValue(0) {}
+  Option::Option() {} // To allow insertion in a std::map
 
-    Option::Option(const char* nm, bool def, OptionType t)
-    : name(nm), defaultValue(stringify(def)), currentValue(stringify(def)), type(t), minValue(0), maxValue(0) {}
+  Option::Option(const char* def, OptionType t)
+  : defaultValue(def), currentValue(def), type(t), idx(options.size()), minValue(0), maxValue(0) {}
 
-    Option::Option(const char* nm, int def, int minv, int maxv)
-    : name(nm), defaultValue(stringify(def)), currentValue(stringify(def)), type(SPIN), minValue(minv), maxValue(maxv) {}
+  Option::Option(bool def, OptionType t)
+  : defaultValue(stringify(def)), currentValue(stringify(def)), type(t), idx(options.size()), minValue(0), maxValue(0) {}
 
-    // option_with_name() tries to find a UCI option with a given
-    // name.  It returns an iterator to the UCI option or to options.end(),
-    // depending on whether an option with the given name exists.
+  Option::Option(int def, int minv, int maxv)
+  : defaultValue(stringify(def)), currentValue(stringify(def)), type(SPIN), idx(options.size()), minValue(minv), maxValue(maxv) {}
 
-    Options::iterator option_with_name(const std::string& optionName) {
-
-        for (Options::iterator it = options.begin(); it != options.end(); ++it)
-            if (it->name == optionName)
-                return it;
-
-        return options.end();
-    }
 }

src/ucioption.h

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
@@ -27,27 +27,18 @@
 
 #include <string>
 
-
-////
-//// Variables
-////
-
-extern bool Chess960;
-
-
 ////
 //// Prototypes
 ////
 
 extern void init_uci_options();
 extern void print_uci_options();
-extern bool get_option_value_bool(const std::string &optionName);
-extern int get_option_value_int(const std::string &optionName);
-extern const std::string get_option_value_string(const std::string &optionName);
-extern bool button_was_pressed(const std::string &buttonName);
-extern void set_option_value(const std::string &optionName, 
-                             const std::string &newValue);
-extern void push_button(const std::string &buttonName);
+extern bool get_option_value_bool(const std::string& optionName);
+extern int get_option_value_int(const std::string& optionName);
+extern std::string get_option_value_string(const std::string& optionName);
+extern bool button_was_pressed(const std::string& buttonName);
+extern void set_option_value(const std::string& optionName,const std::string& newValue);
+extern void push_button(const std::string& buttonName);
 
 
 #endif // !defined(UCIOPTION_H_INCLUDED)

src/value.cpp

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */

src/value.h

@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.
-  
+
   Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.
-  
+
   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
@@ -36,7 +36,10 @@ enum ValueType {
   VALUE_TYPE_NONE = 0,
   VALUE_TYPE_UPPER = 1,  // Upper bound
   VALUE_TYPE_LOWER = 2,  // Lower bound
-  VALUE_TYPE_EXACT = 3   // Exact score
+  VALUE_TYPE_EXACT = 3,  // Exact score
+  VALUE_TYPE_EVAL  = 4,  // Evaluation cache
+  VALUE_TYPE_EV_UP = 5,  // Evaluation cache for upper bound
+  VALUE_TYPE_EV_LO = 6   // Evaluation cache for lower bound
 };
 
 
@@ -58,17 +61,19 @@ enum Value {
 /// Important: If the material values are changed, one must also
 /// adjust the piece square tables, and the method game_phase() in the
 /// Position class!
+///
+/// Values modified by Joona Kiiski
 
-const Value PawnValueMidgame = Value(0xCC);
-const Value PawnValueEndgame = Value(0x100);
-const Value KnightValueMidgame = Value(0x340);
-const Value KnightValueEndgame = Value(0x340);
-const Value BishopValueMidgame = Value(0x340);
-const Value BishopValueEndgame = Value(0x340);
-const Value RookValueMidgame = Value(0x505);
-const Value RookValueEndgame = Value(0x505);
-const Value QueenValueMidgame = Value(0xA00);
-const Value QueenValueEndgame = Value(0xA00);
+const Value PawnValueMidgame   = Value(0x0C6);
+const Value PawnValueEndgame   = Value(0x102);
+const Value KnightValueMidgame = Value(0x331);
+const Value KnightValueEndgame = Value(0x34E);
+const Value BishopValueMidgame = Value(0x344);
+const Value BishopValueEndgame = Value(0x359);
+const Value RookValueMidgame   = Value(0x4F6);
+const Value RookValueEndgame   = Value(0x4FE);
+const Value QueenValueMidgame  = Value(0x9D9);
+const Value QueenValueEndgame  = Value(0x9FE);
 
 const Value PieceValueMidgame[17] = {
   Value(0),
@@ -90,10 +95,10 @@ const Value PieceValueEndgame[17] = {
   Value(0), Value(0), Value(0)
 };
 
-/// Bonus for having the side to move
+/// Bonus for having the side to move (modified by Joona Kiiski)
 
-const Value TempoValueMidgame = Value(50);
-const Value TempoValueEndgame = Value(20);
+const Value TempoValueMidgame = Value(48);
+const Value TempoValueEndgame = Value(22);
 
 
 ////
@@ -121,7 +126,7 @@ inline void operator/= (Value &v, int i) { v = Value(int(v) / i); }
 inline Value value_mate_in(int ply) {
   return Value(VALUE_MATE - Value(ply));
 }
-               
+
 inline Value value_mated_in(int ply) {
   return Value(-VALUE_MATE + Value(ply));
 }