Stockfish 2.0.1

Always same siganture: 7224363

No functional change.

Signed-off-by: Marco Costalba <mcostalba@gmail.com>

Readme.txt

@@ -1,91 +1,88 @@
-1. Introduction
+1. Introduction
----------------
+---------------
-
+
-Stockfish is a free UCI chess engine derived from Glaurung 2.1. It is
+Stockfish is a free UCI chess engine derived from Glaurung 2.1. It is
-not a complete chess program, but requires some UCI compatible GUI
+not a complete chess program, but requires some UCI compatible GUI
-(like XBoard with PolyGlot, eboard, Jos�, Arena, Sigma Chess, Shredder,
+(like XBoard with PolyGlot, eboard, Josè, Arena, Sigma Chess, Shredder,
-Chess Partner, or Fritz) in order to be used comfortably.  Read the
+Chess Partner, or Fritz) in order to be used comfortably.  Read the
-documentation for your GUI of choice for information about how to use
+documentation for your GUI of choice for information about how to use
-Stockfish with your GUI.
+Stockfish with your GUI.
-
+
-This version of Stockfish supports up to 8 CPUs, but has not been
+This version of Stockfish supports up to 16 CPUs, but has not been
-tested thoroughly with more than 2.  The program tries to detect the
+tested thoroughly with more than 4.  The program tries to detect the
-number of CPUs on your computer and set the number of search threads
+number of CPUs on your computer and set the number of search threads
-accordingly, but please be aware that the detection is not always
+accordingly, but please be aware that the detection is not always
-correct.  It is therefore recommended to inspect the value of the
+correct.  It is therefore recommended to inspect the value of the
-"Threads" UCI parameter, and to make sure it equals the number of CPU
+"Threads" UCI parameter, and to make sure it equals the number of CPU
 cores on your computer. If you are using more than four threads, it
 is recommended to raise the value of "Minimum Split Depth" UCI parameter
 to 6.
-
+
-
+
-2. Files
+2. Files
---------
+--------
-
+
-This distribution of Stockfish consists of the following files:
+This distribution of Stockfish consists of the following files:
-
+
-  * Readme.txt, the file you are currently reading.
+  * Readme.txt, the file you are currently reading.
-
+
-  * Copying.txt, a text file containing the GNU General Public
+  * Copying.txt, a text file containing the GNU General Public
-    License.
+    License.
-
+
-  * src/, a subdirectory containing the full source code, including a
+  * src/, a subdirectory containing the full source code, including a
-    Makefile that can be used to compile Stockfish on Unix-like
+    Makefile that can be used to compile Stockfish on Unix-like
-    systems.  For further information about how to compile Stockfish
+    systems.  For further information about how to compile Stockfish
-    yourself, read section 4 below.
+    yourself, read section 4 below.
-
+
-  * polyglot.ini, for using Stockfish with Fabien Letouzey's PolyGlot
+  * polyglot.ini, for using Stockfish with Fabien Letouzey's PolyGlot
-    adapter.
+    adapter.
-
+
-
+
-3. Opening books
+3. Opening books
-----------------
+----------------
-
+
-This version of Stockfish has experimental support for PolyGlot opening
+This version of Stockfish has support for PolyGlot opening books.
-books. For information about how to create such books, consult the
+For information about how to create such books, consult the PolyGlot
-PolyGlot documentation.  The book file can be selected by setting the
+documentation.  The book file can be selected by setting the UCI
-UCI parameter "Book File".
+parameter "Book File".
-
+
-
+
-4. Compiling it yourself
+4. Compiling it yourself
-------------------------
+------------------------
-
+
-On Unix-like systems, it should usually be possible to compile
+On Unix-like systems, it should usually be possible to compile
-Stockfish directly from the source code with the included Makefile.
+Stockfish directly from the source code with the included Makefile.
-The exception is computer with big-endian CPUs, like PowerPC
+
-Macintoshes. Some of the bitboard routines in the current version of
+For big-endian machines like Power PC you need to enable the proper
-Stockfish are endianness-sensitive, and won't work on a big-endian CPU.
+flag changing from -DNBIGENDIAN to -DBIGENDIAN in the Makefile.
-
+
-Stockfish has POPCNT instruction runtime detection and support. This can
+Stockfish has POPCNT instruction runtime detection and support. This can
-give an extra speed on Core i7 or similar systems. To enable this feature
+give an extra speed on Core i7 or similar systems. To enable this feature
-(disabled by default) simply uncomment #define USE_POPCNT in bitcount.h
+compile with 'make icc-profile-popcnt'
-before to compile.
+
-
+On 64 bit Unix-like systems the 'bsfq' assembly instruction will be used
-On 64 bit Unix-like systems the 'bsfq' assembly instruction will be used
+for bit counting. Detection is automatic at compile time, but in case you
-for bit counting. Detection is automatic at compile time, but in case you
+experience compile problems you can comment out #define USE_BSFQ line in types.h
-experience compile problems you can comment out #define USE_BSFQ line in types.h
+
-
+In general is recommended to run 'make help' to see a list of make targets
-
+with corresponding descriptions.
-5. Terms of use
+
----------------
+
-
+5. Terms of use
-Stockfish is free, and distributed under the GNU General Public License
+---------------
-(GPL).  Essentially, this means that you are free to do almost exactly
+
-what you want with the program, including distributing it among your
+Stockfish is free, and distributed under the GNU General Public License
-friends, making it available for download from your web site, selling
+(GPL).  Essentially, this means that you are free to do almost exactly
-it (either by itself or as part of some bigger software package), or
+what you want with the program, including distributing it among your
-using it as the starting point for a software project of your own.
+friends, making it available for download from your web site, selling
-
+it (either by itself or as part of some bigger software package), or
-The only real limitation is that whenever you distribute Stockfish in
+using it as the starting point for a software project of your own.
-some way, you must always include the full source code, or a pointer
+
-to where the source code can be found.  If you make any changes to the
+The only real limitation is that whenever you distribute Stockfish in
-source code, these changes must also be made available under the GPL.
+some way, you must always include the full source code, or a pointer
-
+to where the source code can be found.  If you make any changes to the
-For full details, read the copy of the GPL found in the file named
+source code, these changes must also be made available under the GPL.
-Copying.txt.
+
-
+For full details, read the copy of the GPL found in the file named
-
+Copying.txt.
-6. Feedback
+
------------
-
-The author's e-mail address is mcostalba@gmail.com

polyglot.ini

@@ -1,63 +1,52 @@
-
+
-[PolyGlot]
+[PolyGlot]
-
+
-EngineDir = .
+EngineDir = .
-EngineCommand = ./stockfish
+EngineCommand = ./stockfish
-
+
-Book = false
+Book = false
-BookFile = book.bin
+BookFile = book.bin
-
+
-Log = true
+Log = false
-LogFile = stockfish.log
+LogFile = stockfish.log
-
+
-Resign = true
+Resign = true
-ResignScore = 600
+ResignScore = 600
-
+
-[Engine]
+[Engine]
-
+
-Hash = 128
+Hash = 128
-Threads = 1
+Threads = 1
-OwnBook = false
+OwnBook = false
-Book File = book.bin
+Book File = book.bin
-Use Search Log = false
+Best Book Move = false
-Mobility (Middle Game) = 100
+Use Search Log = false
-Mobility (Endgame) = 100
+Search Log Filename = SearchLog.txt
-Pawn Structure (Middle Game) = 100
+Mobility (Middle Game) = 100
-Pawn Structure (Endgame) = 100
+Mobility (Endgame) = 100
-Passed Pawns (Middle Game) = 100
+Pawn Structure (Middle Game) = 100
-Passed Pawns (Endgame) = 100
+Pawn Structure (Endgame) = 100
-Aggressiveness = 100
+Passed Pawns (Middle Game) = 100
-Cowardice = 100
+Passed Pawns (Endgame) = 100
-King Safety Curve = Quadratic
+Space = 100
-Quadratic = Linear
+Aggressiveness = 100
-King Safety Coefficient = 40
+Cowardice = 100
-King Safety X Intercept = 0
+Check Extension (PV nodes) = 2
-King Safety Max Slope = 30
+Check Extension (non-PV nodes) = 1
-King Safety Max Value = 500
+Single Reply Extension (PV nodes) = 2
-Queen Contact Check Bonus = 3
+Single Reply Extension (non-PV nodes) = 2
-Queen Check Bonus = 2
+Mate Threat Extension (PV nodes) = 0
-Rook Check Bonus = 1
+Mate Threat Extension (non-PV nodes) = 0
-Bishop Check Bonus = 1
+Pawn Push to 7th Extension (PV nodes) = 1
-Knight Check Bonus = 1
+Pawn Push to 7th Extension (non-PV nodes) = 1
-Discovered Check Bonus = 3
+Passed Pawn Extension (PV nodes) = 1
-Mate Threat Bonus = 3
+Passed Pawn Extension (non-PV nodes) = 0
-Check Extension (PV nodes) = 2
+Pawn Endgame Extension (PV nodes) = 2
-Check Extension (non-PV nodes) = 1
+Pawn Endgame Extension (non-PV nodes) = 2
-Single Reply Extension (PV nodes) = 2
+Minimum Split Depth = 4
-Single Reply Extension (non-PV nodes) = 2
+Maximum Number of Threads per Split Point = 5
-Mate Threat Extension (PV nodes) = 0
+Use Sleeping Threads = false
-Mate Threat Extension (non-PV nodes) = 0
+Emergency Move Horizon = 40
-Pawn Push to 7th Extension (PV nodes) = 1
+Emergency Base Time = 200
-Pawn Push to 7th Extension (non-PV nodes) = 1
+Emergency Move Time = 70
-Passed Pawn Extension (PV nodes) = 1
+Minimum Thinking Time = 20
-Passed Pawn Extension (non-PV nodes) = 0
-Pawn Endgame Extension (PV nodes) = 2
-Pawn Endgame Extension (non-PV nodes) = 2
-Full Depth Moves (PV nodes) = 14
-Full Depth Moves (non-PV nodes) = 3
-Threat Depth = 5
-Futility Pruning (Main Search) = true
-Futility Pruning (Quiescence Search) = true
-Randomness = 0
-Minimum Split Depth = 4
-Maximum Number of Threads per Split Point = 5

src/Makefile

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
-# Copyright (C) 2004-2007 Tord Romstad
+# Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-# Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+# Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
-
+#
 # This file is part of Stockfish.
 #
 # Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
@@ -18,246 +18,511 @@
 # along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
 
-### Executable name. Do not change
+### ==========================================================================
+### Section 1. General Configuration
+### ==========================================================================
+
+### Executable name
 EXE = stockfish
 
+### Installation dir definitions
+PREFIX = /usr/local
+BINDIR = $(PREFIX)/bin
 
-### ==========================================================================
+### Built-in benchmark for pgo-builds
-### Compiler speed switches for both GCC and ICC. These settings are generally
-### fast on a broad range of systems, but may be changed experimentally
-### ==========================================================================
-GCCFLAGS = -O3 -msse
-ICCFLAGS = -fast -msse
-ICCFLAGS-OSX = -fast -mdynamic-no-pic
-
-
-### ==========================================================================
-### Enable/disable debugging, disabled by default
-### ==========================================================================
-GCCFLAGS += -DNDEBUG
-ICCFLAGS += -DNDEBUG
-ICCFLAGS-OSX += -DNDEBUG
-
-
-### ==========================================================================
-### Run built-in benchmark for pgo-builds with:  32MB hash  1 thread  10 depth
-### These settings are generally fast, but may be changed experimentally
-### ==========================================================================
 PGOBENCH = ./$(EXE) bench 32 1 10 default depth
 
-
+### Object files
-### General compiler settings. Do not change
+OBJS = bitboard.o pawns.o material.o endgame.o evaluate.o main.o \
-GCCFLAGS += -g -Wall -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti -fno-strict-aliasing
+	misc.o move.o movegen.o history.o movepick.o search.o position.o \
-ICCFLAGS += -g -Wall -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti -fno-strict-aliasing -wd383,869,981,10187,10188,11505,11503
+	tt.o uci.o ucioption.o book.o bitbase.o san.o benchmark.o timeman.o
-ICCFLAGS-OSX += -g -Wall -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti -fno-strict-aliasing -wd383,869,981,10187,10188,11505,11503
 
 
-### General linker settings. Do not change
+### ==========================================================================
-LDFLAGS  = -lpthread
+### Section 2. High-level Configuration
+### ==========================================================================
+#
+# flag                --- Comp switch --- Description
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#
+# debug = no/yes      --- -DNDEBUG    --- Enable/Disable debug mode
+# optimize = yes/no   --- (-O3/-fast etc.) --- Enable/Disable optimizations
+# arch = (name)       --- (-arch)     --- Target architecture
+# os = (name)         ---             --- Target operating system
+# bits = 64/32        --- -DIS_64BIT  --- 64-/32-bit operating system
+# bigendian = no/yes  --- -DBIGENDIAN --- big/little-endian byte order
+# prefetch = no/yes   --- -DUSE_PREFETCH  --- Use prefetch x86 asm-instruction
+# bsfq = no/yes       --- -DUSE_BSFQ  --- Use bsfq x86_64 asm-instruction
+#                                     --- (Works only with GCC and ICC 64-bit)
+# popcnt = no/yes     --- -DUSE_POPCNT --- Use popcnt x86_64 asm-instruction
+#
+# Note that Makefile is space sensitive, so when adding new architectures
+# or modifying existing flags, you have to make sure there are no extra spaces
+# at the end of the line for flag values.
+
+### 2.1. General
+debug = no
+optimize = yes
+
+### 2.2 Architecture specific
+
+# General-section
+ifeq ($(ARCH),general-64)
+	arch = any
+	os = any
+	bits = 64
+	bigendian = no
+	prefetch = no
+	bsfq = no
+	popcnt = no
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(ARCH),general-32)
+	arch = any
+	os = any
+	bits = 32
+	bigendian = no
+	prefetch = no
+	bsfq = no
+	popcnt = no
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(ARCH),bigendian-64)
+	arch = any
+	os = any
+	bits = 64
+	bigendian = yes
+	prefetch = no
+	bsfq = no
+	popcnt = no
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(ARCH),bigendian-32)
+	arch = any
+	os = any
+	bits = 32
+	bigendian = yes
+	prefetch = no
+	bsfq = no
+	popcnt = no
+endif
+
+# x86-section
+ifeq ($(ARCH),x86-64)
+	arch = x86_64
+	os = any
+	bits = 64
+	bigendian = no
+	prefetch = yes
+	bsfq = yes
+	popcnt = no
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(ARCH),x86-64-modern)
+	arch = x86_64
+	os = any
+	bits = 64
+	bigendian = no
+	prefetch = yes
+	bsfq = yes
+	popcnt = yes
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(ARCH),x86-32)
+	arch = i386
+	os = any
+	bits = 32
+	bigendian = no
+	prefetch = yes
+	bsfq = no
+	popcnt = no
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(ARCH),x86-32-old)
+	arch = i386
+	os = any
+	bits = 32
+	bigendian = no
+	prefetch = no
+	bsfq = no
+	popcnt = no
+endif
+
+# osx-section
+ifeq ($(ARCH),osx-ppc-64)
+	arch = ppc64
+	os = osx
+	bits = 64
+	bigendian = yes
+	prefetch = no
+	bsfq = no
+	popcnt = no
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(ARCH),osx-ppc-32)
+	arch = ppc
+	os = osx
+	bits = 32
+	bigendian = yes
+	prefetch = no
+	bsfq = no
+	popcnt = no
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(ARCH),osx-x86-64)
+	arch = x86_64
+	os = osx
+	bits = 64
+	bigendian = no
+	prefetch = yes
+	bsfq = yes
+	popcnt = no
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(ARCH),osx-x86-32)
+	arch = i386
+	os = osx
+	bits = 32
+	bigendian = no
+	prefetch = yes
+	bsfq = no
+	popcnt = no
+endif
 
 
-### Object files. Do not change
+### ==========================================================================
-OBJS = application.o bitboard.o pawns.o material.o endgame.o evaluate.o main.o \
+### Section 3. Low-level configuration
-	misc.o move.o movegen.o history.o movepick.o search.o piece.o \
+### ==========================================================================
-	position.o direction.o tt.o value.o uci.o ucioption.o \
-	mersenne.o book.o bitbase.o san.o benchmark.o
 
+### 3.1 Selecting compiler (default = gcc)
+ifeq ($(COMP),)
+	COMP=gcc
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(COMP),mingw)
+	comp=mingw
+	CXX=g++
+	profile_prepare = gcc-profile-prepare
+	profile_make = gcc-profile-make
+	profile_use = gcc-profile-use
+	profile_clean = gcc-profile-clean
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(COMP),gcc)
+	comp=gcc
+	CXX=g++
+	profile_prepare = gcc-profile-prepare
+	profile_make = gcc-profile-make
+	profile_use = gcc-profile-use
+	profile_clean = gcc-profile-clean
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(COMP),icc)
+	comp=icc
+	CXX=icpc
+	profile_prepare = icc-profile-prepare
+	profile_make = icc-profile-make
+	profile_use = icc-profile-use
+	profile_clean = icc-profile-clean
+endif
+
+### 3.2 General compiler settings
+CXXFLAGS = -g -Wall -Wcast-qual -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti $(EXTRACXXFLAGS)
+
+ifeq ($(comp),gcc)
+	CXXFLAGS += -ansi -pedantic -Wno-long-long -Wextra
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(comp),mingw)
+	CXXFLAGS += -Wno-long-long -Wextra
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(comp),icc)
+	CXXFLAGS += -wd383,981,1418,1419,10187,10188,11505,11503 -Wcheck -Wabi -Wdeprecated -strict-ansi
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(os),osx)
+	CXXFLAGS += -arch $(arch)
+endif
+
+### 3.3 General linker settings
+LDFLAGS = -lpthread $(EXTRALDFLAGS)
+
+ifeq ($(os),osx)
+	LDFLAGS += -arch $(arch)
+endif
+
+### 3.4 Debugging
+ifeq ($(debug),no)
+	CXXFLAGS += -DNDEBUG
+endif
+
+### 3.5 Optimization
+ifeq ($(optimize),yes)
+
+	ifeq ($(comp),gcc)
+		CXXFLAGS += -O3
+
+		ifeq ($(os),osx)
+			ifeq ($(arch),i386)
+				CXXFLAGS += -mdynamic-no-pic
+			endif
+			ifeq ($(arch),x86_64)
+				CXXFLAGS += -mdynamic-no-pic
+			endif
+		endif
+	endif
+
+	ifeq ($(comp),mingw)
+		CXXFLAGS += -O3
+	endif
+
+	ifeq ($(comp),icc)
+		CXXFLAGS += -fast
+
+		ifeq ($(os),osx)
+			CXXFLAGS += -mdynamic-no-pic
+		endif
+	endif
+endif
+
+### 3.6. Bits
+ifeq ($(bits),64)
+	CXXFLAGS += -DIS_64BIT
+endif
+
+### 3.7 Endianess
+ifeq ($(bigendian),yes)
+	CXXFLAGS += -DBIGENDIAN
+endif
+
+### 3.8 prefetch
+ifeq ($(prefetch),yes)
+	CXXFLAGS += -msse
+	DEPENDFLAGS += -msse
+else
+	CXXFLAGS += -DNO_PREFETCH
+endif
+
+### 3.9 bsfq
+ifeq ($(bsfq),yes)
+	CXXFLAGS += -DUSE_BSFQ
+endif
+
+### 3.10 popcnt
+ifeq ($(popcnt),yes)
+	CXXFLAGS += -DUSE_POPCNT
+endif
+
+### ==========================================================================
+### Section 4. Public targets
+### ==========================================================================
 
-### General rules. Do not change
 default:
-	$(MAKE) gcc
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) build
 
 help:
 	@echo ""
-	@echo "Makefile options:"
+	@echo "To compile stockfish, type: "
 	@echo ""
-	@echo "make                >  Default: Compiler = g++"
+	@echo "make target ARCH=arch [COMP=comp]"
-	@echo "make icc            >  Compiler = icpc"
+	@echo ""
-	@echo "make icc-profile    >  Compiler = icpc + automatic pgo-build"
+	@echo "Supported targets:"
-	@echo "make osx-ppc32      >  PPC-Mac OS X 32 bit. Compiler = g++"
+	@echo ""
-	@echo "make osx-ppc64      >  PPC-Mac OS X 64 bit. Compiler = g++"
+	@echo "build                > Build unoptimized version"
-	@echo "make osx-x86        >  x86-Mac OS X 32 bit. Compiler = g++"
+	@echo "profile-build        > Build PGO-optimized version"
-	@echo "make osx-x86_64     >  x86-Mac OS X 64 bit. Compiler = g++"
+	@echo "popcnt-profile-build > Build PGO-optimized version with optional popcnt-support"
-	@echo "make osx-icc32      >  x86-Mac OS X 32 bit. Compiler = icpc"
+	@echo "strip                > Strip executable"
-	@echo "make osx-icc64      >  x86-Mac OS X 64 bit. Compiler = icpc"
+	@echo "install              > Install executable"
-	@echo "make osx-icc32-profile > OSX 32 bit. Compiler = icpc + automatic pgo-build"
+	@echo "clean                > Clean up"
-	@echo "make osx-icc64-profile > OSX 64 bit. Compiler = icpc + automatic pgo-build"
+	@echo "testrun              > Make sample run"
-	@echo "make strip          >  Strip executable"
+	@echo ""
-	@echo "make clean          >  Clean up"
+	@echo "Supported archs:"
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "x86-64               > x86 64-bit"
+	@echo "x86-64-modern        > x86 64-bit with runtime support for popcnt-instruction"
+	@echo "x86-32               > x86 32-bit excluding very old hardware without SSE-support"
+	@echo "x86-32-old           > x86 32-bit including also very old hardware"
+	@echo "osx-ppc-64           > PPC-Mac OS X 64 bit"
+	@echo "osx-ppc-32           > PPC-Mac OS X 32 bit"
+	@echo "osx-x86-64           > x86-Mac OS X 64 bit"
+	@echo "osx-x86-32           > x86-Mac OS X 32 bit"
+	@echo "general-64           > unspecified 64-bit"
+	@echo "general-32           > unspecified 32-bit"
+	@echo "bigendian-64         > unspecified 64-bit with bigendian byte order"
+	@echo "bigendian-32         > unspecified 32-bit with bigendian byte order"
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Supported comps:"
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "gcc                  > Gnu compiler (default)"
+	@echo "icc                  > Intel compiler"
+	@echo "mingw                > Gnu compiler with MinGW under Windows"
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Non-standard targets:"
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "make hpux           >  Compile for HP-UX. Compiler = aCC"
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Examples. If you don't know what to do, you likely want to run: "
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "make profile-build ARCH=x86-64    (This is for 64-bit systems)"
+	@echo "make profile-build ARCH=x86-32    (This is for 32-bit systems)"
 	@echo ""
 
-all: $(EXE) .depend
+build:
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) config-sanity
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) all
 
-clean:
+profile-build:
-	$(RM) *.o .depend *~ $(EXE)
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) config-sanity
-
+	@echo ""
-
+	@echo "Step 0/4. Preparing for profile build."
-### Possible targets. You may add your own ones here
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) $(profile_prepare)
-gcc:
+	@echo ""
-	$(MAKE) \
+	@echo "Step 1/4. Building executable for benchmark ..."
-	CXX='g++' \
-	CXXFLAGS="$(GCCFLAGS)" \
-	all
-
-icc:
-	$(MAKE) \
-	CXX='icpc' \
-	CXXFLAGS="$(ICCFLAGS)" \
-	all
-
-icc-profile-make:
-	$(MAKE) \
-	CXX='icpc' \
-	CXXFLAGS="$(ICCFLAGS)" \
-	CXXFLAGS+='-prof-gen=srcpos -prof_dir ./profdir' \
-	all
-
-icc-profile-use:
-	$(MAKE) \
-	CXX='icpc' \
-	CXXFLAGS="$(ICCFLAGS)" \
-	CXXFLAGS+='-prof_use -prof_dir ./profdir' \
-	all
-
-icc-profile:
-	@rm -rf profdir
-	@mkdir profdir
 	@touch *.cpp *.h
-	$(MAKE) icc-profile-make
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) $(profile_make)
 	@echo ""
-	@echo "Running benchmark for pgo-build ..."
+	@echo "Step 2/4. Running benchmark for pgo-build ..."
 	@$(PGOBENCH) > /dev/null
-	@echo "Benchmark finished. Build final executable now ..."
 	@echo ""
-	@touch *.cpp *.h
+	@echo "Step 3/4. Building final executable ..."
-	$(MAKE) icc-profile-use
+	@touch *.cpp
-	@rm -rf profdir bench.txt
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) $(profile_use)
-
-osx-ppc32:
-	$(MAKE) \
-	CXX='g++' \
-	CXXFLAGS="$(GCCFLAGS)" \
-	CXXFLAGS+='-arch ppc' \
-	LDFLAGS+='-arch ppc' \
-	all
-
-osx-ppc64:
-	$(MAKE) \
-	CXX='g++' \
-	CXXFLAGS="$(GCCFLAGS)" \
-	CXXFLAGS+='-arch ppc64' \
-	LDFLAGS+='-arch ppc64' \
-	all
-
-osx-x86:
-	$(MAKE) \
-	CXX='g++' \
-	CXXFLAGS="$(GCCFLAGS)" \
-	CXXFLAGS+='-arch i386' \
-	LDFLAGS+='-arch i386' \
-	all
-
-osx-x86_64:
-	$(MAKE) \
-	CXX='g++' \
-	CXXFLAGS="$(GCCFLAGS)" \
-	CXXFLAGS+='-arch x86_64' \
-	LDFLAGS+='-arch x86_64' \
-	all
-	
-osx-icc32:
-	$(MAKE) \
-	CXX='icpc' \
-	CXXFLAGS="$(ICCFLAGS-OSX)" \
-	CXXFLAGS+='-arch i386' \
-	LDFLAGS+='-arch i386' \
-	all
-
-osx-icc64:
-	$(MAKE) \
-	CXX='icpc' \
-	CXXFLAGS="$(ICCFLAGS-OSX)" \
-	CXXFLAGS+='-arch x86_64' \
-	LDFLAGS+='-arch x86_64' \
-	all
-
-osx-icc32-profile-make:
-	$(MAKE) \
-	CXX='icpc' \
-	CXXFLAGS="$(ICCFLAGS-OSX)" \
-	CXXFLAGS+='-arch i386' \
-	CXXFLAGS+='-prof_gen -prof_dir ./profdir' \
-	LDFLAGS+='-arch i386' \
-	all
-
-osx-icc32-profile-use:
-	$(MAKE) \
-	CXX='icpc' \
-	CXXFLAGS="$(ICCFLAGS-OSX)" \
-	CXXFLAGS+='-arch i386' \
-	CXXFLAGS+='-prof_use -prof_dir ./profdir' \
-	LDFLAGS+='-arch i386' \
-	all
-
-osx-icc32-profile:
-	@rm -rf profdir
-	@mkdir profdir
-	@touch *.cpp *.h
-	$(MAKE) osx-icc32-profile-make
 	@echo ""
-	@echo "Running benchmark for pgo-build ..."
+	@echo "Step 4/4. Deleting profile data ..."
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) $(profile_clean)
+
+popcnt-profile-build:
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) config-sanity
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Step 0/6. Preparing for profile build."
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) $(profile_prepare)
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Step 1/6. Building executable for benchmark (popcnt disabled)..."
+	@touch *.cpp *.h
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=x86-64 COMP=$(COMP) $(profile_make)
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Step 2/6. Running benchmark for pgo-build (popcnt disabled)..."
 	@$(PGOBENCH) > /dev/null
-	@echo "Benchmark finished. Build final executable now ..."
 	@echo ""
+	@echo "Step 3/6. Building executable for benchmark (popcnt enabled)..."
 	@touch *.cpp *.h
-	$(MAKE) osx-icc32-profile-use
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=x86-64-modern COMP=$(COMP) $(profile_make)
-	@rm -rf profdir bench.txt
-
-osx-icc64-profile-make:
-	$(MAKE) \
-	CXX='icpc' \
-	CXXFLAGS="$(ICCFLAGS-OSX)" \
-	CXXFLAGS+='-arch x86_64' \
-	CXXFLAGS+='-prof_gen -prof_dir ./profdir' \
-	LDFLAGS+='-arch x86_64' \
-	all
-
-osx-icc64-profile-use:
-	$(MAKE) \
-	CXX='icpc' \
-	CXXFLAGS="$(ICCFLAGS-OSX)" \
-	CXXFLAGS+='-arch x86_64' \
-	CXXFLAGS+='-prof_use -prof_dir ./profdir' \
-	LDFLAGS+='-arch x86_64' \
-	all
-
-osx-icc64-profile:
-	@rm -rf profdir
-	@mkdir profdir
-	@touch *.cpp *.h
-	$(MAKE) osx-icc64-profile-make
 	@echo ""
-	@echo "Running benchmark for pgo-build ..."
+	@echo "Step 4/6. Running benchmark for pgo-build (popcnt enabled)..."
 	@$(PGOBENCH) > /dev/null
-	@echo "Benchmark finished. Build final executable now ..."
 	@echo ""
+	@echo "Step 5/6. Building final executable ..."
 	@touch *.cpp *.h
-	$(MAKE) osx-icc64-profile-use
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) $(profile_use)
-	@rm -rf profdir bench.txt
+	@echo ""
-
+	@echo "Step 6/6. Deleting profile data ..."
-
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) $(profile_clean)
+	@echo ""
 
 strip:
 	strip $(EXE)
 
+install:
+	-mkdir -p -m 755 $(BINDIR)
+	-cp $(EXE) $(BINDIR)
+	-strip $(BINDIR)/$(EXE)
+
+clean:
+	$(RM) $(EXE) $(EXE).exe *.o .depend *~ core bench.txt *.gcda
+
+testrun:
+	@$(PGOBENCH)
+
+### ==========================================================================
+### Section 5. Private targets
+### ==========================================================================
+
+all: $(EXE) .depend
+
+config-sanity:
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Config:"
+	@echo "debug: '$(debug)'"
+	@echo "optimize: '$(optimize)'"
+	@echo "arch: '$(arch)'"
+	@echo "os: '$(os)'"
+	@echo "bits: '$(bits)'"
+	@echo "bigendian: '$(bigendian)'"
+	@echo "prefetch: '$(prefetch)'"
+	@echo "bsfq: '$(bsfq)'"
+	@echo "popcnt: '$(popcnt)'"
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Flags:"
+	@echo "CXX: $(CXX)"
+	@echo "CXXFLAGS: $(CXXFLAGS)"
+	@echo "LDFLAGS: $(LDFLAGS)"
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Testing config sanity. If this fails, try 'make help' ..."
+	@echo ""
+	@test "$(debug)" = "yes" || test "$(debug)" = "no"
+	@test "$(optimize)" = "yes" || test "$(optimize)" = "no"
+	@test "$(arch)" = "any" || test "$(arch)" = "x86_64" || test "$(arch)" = "i386" || \
+	 test "$(arch)" = "ppc64" || test "$(arch)" = "ppc"
+	@test "$(os)" = "any" || test "$(os)" = "osx"
+	@test "$(bits)" = "32" || test "$(bits)" = "64"
+	@test "$(bigendian)" = "yes" || test "$(bigendian)" = "no"
+	@test "$(prefetch)" = "yes" || test "$(prefetch)" = "no"
+	@test "$(bsfq)" = "yes" || test "$(bsfq)" = "no"
+	@test "$(popcnt)" = "yes" || test "$(popcnt)" = "no"
+	@test "$(comp)" = "gcc" || test "$(comp)" = "icc" || test "$(comp)" = "mingw"
 
-### Compilation. Do not change
 $(EXE): $(OBJS)
-	$(CXX) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $(OBJS)
+	$(CXX) -o $@ $(OBJS) $(LDFLAGS)
 
+gcc-profile-prepare:
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) gcc-profile-clean
+
+gcc-profile-make:
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) \
+	EXTRACXXFLAGS='-fprofile-generate' \
+	EXTRALDFLAGS='-lgcov' \
+	all
+
+gcc-profile-use:
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) \
+	EXTRACXXFLAGS='-fprofile-use' \
+	all
+
+gcc-profile-clean:
+	@rm -rf *.gcda *.gcno bench.txt
+
+icc-profile-prepare:
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) icc-profile-clean
+	@mkdir profdir
+
+icc-profile-make:
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) \
+	EXTRACXXFLAGS='-prof-gen=srcpos -prof_dir ./profdir' \
+	all
+
+icc-profile-use:
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) \
+	EXTRACXXFLAGS='-prof_use -prof_dir ./profdir' \
+	all
+
+icc-profile-clean:
+	@rm -rf profdir bench.txt
 
-### Dependencies. Do not change
 .depend:
-	$(CXX) -msse -MM $(OBJS:.o=.cpp) > $@
+	-@$(CXX) $(DEPENDFLAGS) -MM $(OBJS:.o=.cpp) > $@ 2> /dev/null
+
+-include .depend
+
+
+### ==========================================================================
+### Section 6. Non-standard targets
+### ==========================================================================
+
+hpux:
+	$(MAKE) \
+	CXX='/opt/aCC/bin/aCC -AA +hpxstd98 -DBIGENDIAN -mt +O3 -DNDEBUG -DNO_PREFETCH' \
+	CXXFLAGS="" \
+	LDFLAGS="" \
+	all
 
-include .depend

src/application.cpp

@@ -1,75 +0,0 @@
-/*
-  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
-  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
-
-  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-  (at your option) any later version.
-
-  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-  GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-*/
-
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
-#include "bitboard.h"
-#include "direction.h"
-#include "endgame.h"
-#include "evaluate.h"
-#include "material.h"
-#include "mersenne.h"
-#include "misc.h"
-#include "movepick.h"
-#include "position.h"
-#include "search.h"
-#include "thread.h"
-#include "ucioption.h"
-
-
-/// Application class is in charge of initializing global resources
-/// at startup and cleanly releases them when program terminates.
-
-Application::Application() {
-
-    init_mersenne();
-    init_direction_table();
-    init_bitboards();
-    init_uci_options();
-    Position::init_zobrist();
-    Position::init_piece_square_tables();
-    init_eval(1);
-    init_bitbases();
-    init_threads();
-
-    // Make random number generation less deterministic, for book moves
-    for (int i = abs(get_system_time() % 10000); i > 0; i--)
-        genrand_int32();
-}
-
-Application::~Application() {
-
-  stop_threads();
-  quit_eval();
-}
-
-void Application::initialize() {
-
-  // A static Application object is allocated
-  // once only when this function is called.
-  static Application singleton;
-}
-
-void Application::exit_with_failure() {
-
-  exit(EXIT_FAILURE); // d'tor will be called automatically
-}

src/application.h

@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-/*
-  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
-  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
-
-  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-  (at your option) any later version.
-
-  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-  GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-*/
-
-
-#if !defined(APPLICATION_H_INCLUDED)
-#define APPLICATION_H_INCLUDED
-
-
-/// Singleton class used to housekeep memory and global resources
-/// so to be sure we always leave in a clean state.
-
-class Application {
-
-  Application();
-  Application(const Application&);
- ~Application();
-
-public:
-  static void initialize();
-  static void exit_with_failure();
-};
-
-#endif // !defined(APPLICATION_H_INCLUDED)

src/benchmark.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -22,10 +22,8 @@
 //// Includes
 ////
 #include <fstream>
-#include <sstream>
 #include <vector>
 
-#include "benchmark.h"
 #include "search.h"
 #include "thread.h"
 #include "ucioption.h"
@@ -36,10 +34,10 @@ using namespace std;
 //// Variables
 ////
 
-const string BenchmarkPositions[] = {
+static const string BenchmarkPositions[] = {
   "rnbqkbnr/pppppppp/8/8/8/8/PPPPPPPP/RNBQKBNR w KQkq - 0 1",
-  "r4rk1/1b2qppp/p1n1p3/1p6/1b1PN3/3BRN2/PP3PPP/R2Q2K1 b - - 7 16",
+  "r3k2r/p1ppqpb1/bn2pnp1/3PN3/1p2P3/2N2Q1p/PPPBBPPP/R3K2R w KQkq -",
-  "4r1k1/ppq3pp/3b4/2pP4/2Q1p3/4B1P1/PP5P/R5K1 b - - 0 20",
+  "8/2p5/3p4/KP5r/1R3p1k/8/4P1P1/8 w - -",
   "4rrk1/pp1n3p/3q2pQ/2p1pb2/2PP4/2P3N1/P2B2PP/4RRK1 b - - 7 19",
   "rq3rk1/ppp2ppp/1bnpb3/3N2B1/3NP3/7P/PPPQ1PP1/2KR3R w - - 7 14",
   "r1bq1r1k/1pp1n1pp/1p1p4/4p2Q/4Pp2/1BNP4/PPP2PPP/3R1RK1 w - - 2 14",
@@ -51,8 +49,9 @@ const string BenchmarkPositions[] = {
   "r1bq1r1k/b1p1npp1/p2p3p/1p6/3PP3/1B2NN2/PP3PPP/R2Q1RK1 w - - 1 16",
   "3r1rk1/p5pp/bpp1pp2/8/q1PP1P2/b3P3/P2NQRPP/1R2B1K1 b - - 6 22",
   "r1q2rk1/2p1bppp/2Pp4/p6b/Q1PNp3/4B3/PP1R1PPP/2K4R w - - 2 18",
-  "4k2r/1pb2ppp/1p2p3/1R1p4/3P4/2r1PN2/P4PPP/1R4K1 b  - 3 22",
+  "4k2r/1pb2ppp/1p2p3/1R1p4/3P4/2r1PN2/P4PPP/1R4K1 b - - 3 22",
-  "3q2k1/pb3p1p/4pbp1/2r5/PpN2N2/1P2P2P/5PP1/Q2R2K1 b - - 4 26"
+  "3q2k1/pb3p1p/4pbp1/2r5/PpN2N2/1P2P2P/5PP1/Q2R2K1 b - - 4 26",
+  ""
 };
 
 
@@ -61,63 +60,49 @@ const string BenchmarkPositions[] = {
 ////
 
 /// benchmark() runs a simple benchmark by letting Stockfish analyze a set
-/// of positions for a given time each.  There are four parameters; the
+/// of positions for a given limit each.  There are five parameters; the
 /// transposition table size, the number of search threads that should
-/// be used, the time in seconds spent for each position (optional, default
+/// be used, the limit value spent for each position (optional, default
-/// is 60) and an optional file name where to look for positions in fen
+/// is ply 12), an optional file name where to look for positions in fen
-/// format (default are the BenchmarkPositions defined above).
+/// format (default are the BenchmarkPositions defined above) and the type
+/// of the limit value: depth (default), time in secs or number of nodes.
 /// The analysis is written to a file named bench.txt.
 
-void benchmark(const string& commandLine) {
+void benchmark(int argc, char* argv[]) {
 
-  istringstream csVal(commandLine);
+  vector<string> positions;
-  istringstream csStr(commandLine);
+  string ttSize, threads, valStr, posFile, valType;
-  string ttSize, threads, fileName, limitType, timFile;
   int val, secsPerPos, maxDepth, maxNodes;
 
-  csStr >> ttSize;
+  ttSize  = argc > 2 ? argv[2] : "128";
-  csVal >> val;
+  threads = argc > 3 ? argv[3] : "1";
-  if (val < 4 || val > 1024)
+  valStr  = argc > 4 ? argv[4] : "12";
-  {
+  posFile = argc > 5 ? argv[5] : "default";
-      cerr << "The hash table size must be between 4 and 1024" << endl;
+  valType = argc > 6 ? argv[6] : "depth";
-      Application::exit_with_failure();
-  }
-  csStr >> threads;
-  csVal >> val;
-  if (val < 1 || val > THREAD_MAX)
-  {
-      cerr << "The number of threads must be between 1 and " << THREAD_MAX << endl;
-      Application::exit_with_failure();
-  }
-  set_option_value("Hash", ttSize);
-  set_option_value("Threads", threads);
-  set_option_value("OwnBook", "false");
-  set_option_value("Use Search Log", "true");
-  set_option_value("Search Log Filename", "bench.txt");
 
-  csVal >> val;
+  Options["Hash"].set_value(ttSize);
-  csVal >> fileName;
+  Options["Threads"].set_value(threads);
-  csVal >> limitType;
+  Options["OwnBook"].set_value("false");
-  csVal >> timFile;
+  Options["Use Search Log"].set_value("true");
+  Options["Search Log Filename"].set_value("bench.txt");
 
   secsPerPos = maxDepth = maxNodes = 0;
+  val = atoi(valStr.c_str());
 
-  if (limitType == "time")
+  if (valType == "depth" || valType == "perft")
-      secsPerPos = val * 1000;
-  else if (limitType == "depth")
       maxDepth = val;
+  else if (valType == "time")
+      secsPerPos = val * 1000;
   else
       maxNodes = val;
 
-  vector<string> positions;
+  if (posFile != "default")
-
-  if (fileName != "default")
   {
-      ifstream fenFile(fileName.c_str());
+      ifstream fenFile(posFile.c_str());
       if (!fenFile.is_open())
       {
-          cerr << "Unable to open positions file " << fileName << endl;
+          cerr << "Unable to open positions file " << posFile << endl;
-          Application::exit_with_failure();
+          exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
       }
       string pos;
       while (fenFile.good())
@@ -128,19 +113,8 @@ void benchmark(const string& commandLine) {
       }
       fenFile.close();
   } else
-      for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++)
+      for (int i = 0; !BenchmarkPositions[i].empty(); i++)
-          positions.push_back(string(BenchmarkPositions[i]));
+          positions.push_back(BenchmarkPositions[i]);
-
-  ofstream timingFile;
-  if (!timFile.empty())
-  {
-      timingFile.open(timFile.c_str(), ios::out | ios::app);
-      if (!timingFile.is_open())
-      {
-          cerr << "Unable to open timing file " << timFile << endl;
-          Application::exit_with_failure();
-      }
-  }
 
   vector<string>::iterator it;
   int cnt = 1;
@@ -149,13 +123,20 @@ void benchmark(const string& commandLine) {
 
   for (it = positions.begin(); it != positions.end(); ++it, ++cnt)
   {
-      Move moves[1] = {MOVE_NONE};
+      Move moves[1] = { MOVE_NONE };
-      int dummy[2] = {0, 0};
+      int dummy[2] = { 0, 0 };
-      Position pos(*it);
+      Position pos(*it, false, 0);
       cerr << "\nBench position: " << cnt << '/' << positions.size() << endl << endl;
-      if (!think(pos, true, false, 0, dummy, dummy, 0, maxDepth, maxNodes, secsPerPos, moves))
+      if (valType == "perft")
-          break;
+      {
-      totalNodes += nodes_searched();
+          int64_t perftCnt = perft(pos, maxDepth * ONE_PLY);
+          cerr << "\nPerft " << maxDepth << " result (nodes searched): " << perftCnt << endl << endl;
+          totalNodes += perftCnt;
+      } else {
+          if (!think(pos, false, false, dummy, dummy, 0, maxDepth, maxNodes, secsPerPos, moves))
+              break;
+          totalNodes += pos.nodes_searched();
+      }
   }
 
   cnt = get_system_time() - startTime;
@@ -164,16 +145,10 @@ void benchmark(const string& commandLine) {
        << "\nNodes searched  : " << totalNodes
        << "\nNodes/second    : " << (int)(totalNodes/(cnt/1000.0)) << endl << endl;
 
-  if (!timFile.empty())
-  {
-      timingFile << cnt << endl << endl;
-      timingFile.close();
-  }
-
   // Under MS Visual C++ debug window always unconditionally closes
   // when program exits, this is bad because we want to read results before.
   #if (defined(WINDOWS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(WIN64))
   cerr << "Press any key to exit" << endl;
-  cin >> fileName;
+  cin >> ttSize;
   #endif
 }

src/benchmark.h

@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-/*
-  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
-  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
-
-  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-  (at your option) any later version.
-
-  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-  GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-*/
-
-
-#if !defined(BENCHMARK_H_INCLUDED)
-#define BENCHMARK_H_INCLUDED
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
-#include <string>
-
-
-////
-//// Prototypes
-////
-
-extern void benchmark(const std::string& commandLine);
-
-#endif // !defined(BENCHMARK_H_INCLUDED)

src/bitbase.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -24,9 +24,7 @@
 
 #include <cassert>
 
-#include "bitbase.h"
 #include "bitboard.h"
-#include "move.h"
 #include "square.h"
 
 
@@ -46,30 +44,22 @@ namespace {
 
   struct KPKPosition {
     void from_index(int index);
-    int to_index() const;
     bool is_legal() const;
     bool is_immediate_draw() const;
     bool is_immediate_win() const;
-    Bitboard wk_attacks() const;
+    Bitboard wk_attacks()   const { return StepAttackBB[WK][whiteKingSquare]; }
-    Bitboard bk_attacks() const;
+    Bitboard bk_attacks()   const { return StepAttackBB[BK][blackKingSquare]; }
-    Bitboard pawn_attacks() const;
+    Bitboard pawn_attacks() const { return StepAttackBB[WP][pawnSquare]; }
 
     Square whiteKingSquare, blackKingSquare, pawnSquare;
     Color sideToMove;
   };
 
+  const int IndexMax = 2 * 24 * 64 * 64;
 
-  Result *Bitbase;
+  Result classify_wtm(const KPKPosition& pos, const Result bb[]);
-  const int IndexMax = 2*24*64*64;
+  Result classify_btm(const KPKPosition& pos, const Result bb[]);
-  int UnknownCount = 0;
-
-  void initialize();
-  bool next_iteration();
-  Result classify_wtm(const KPKPosition &p);
-  Result classify_btm(const KPKPosition &p);
   int compute_index(Square wksq, Square bksq, Square psq, Color stm);
-  int compress_result(Result r);
-
 }
 
 
@@ -78,273 +68,252 @@ namespace {
 ////
 
 void generate_kpk_bitbase(uint8_t bitbase[]) {
-  // Allocate array and initialize:
-  Bitbase = new Result[IndexMax];
-  initialize();
 
-  // Iterate until all positions are classified:
+  bool repeat;
-  while(next_iteration());
-
-  // Compress bitbase into the supplied parameter:
   int i, j, b;
-  for(i = 0; i < 24576; i++) {
+  KPKPosition pos;
-    for(b = 0, j = 0; j < 8; b |= (compress_result(Bitbase[8*i+j]) << j), j++);
+  Result bb[IndexMax];
-    assert(b == int(uint8_t(b)));
+
-    bitbase[i] = (uint8_t)b;
+  // Initialize table
+  for (i = 0; i < IndexMax; i++)
+  {
+      pos.from_index(i);
+      bb[i] = !pos.is_legal()          ? RESULT_INVALID
+             : pos.is_immediate_draw() ? RESULT_DRAW
+             : pos.is_immediate_win()  ? RESULT_WIN : RESULT_UNKNOWN;
   }
 
-  // Release allocated memory:
+  // Iterate until all positions are classified (30 cycles needed)
-  delete [] Bitbase;
+  do {
+      repeat = false;
+
+      for (i = 0; i < IndexMax; i++)
+          if (bb[i] == RESULT_UNKNOWN)
+          {
+              pos.from_index(i);
+
+              bb[i] = (pos.sideToMove == WHITE) ? classify_wtm(pos, bb)
+                                                : classify_btm(pos, bb);
+              if (bb[i] != RESULT_UNKNOWN)
+                  repeat = true;
+          }
+
+  } while (repeat);
+
+  // Compress result and map into supplied bitbase parameter
+  for (i = 0; i < 24576; i++)
+  {
+      b = 0;
+      for (j = 0; j < 8; j++)
+          if (bb[8*i+j] == RESULT_WIN || bb[8*i+j] == RESULT_LOSS)
+              b |= (1 << j);
+
+      bitbase[i] = (uint8_t)b;
+  }
 }
 
 
 namespace {
 
+  int compute_index(Square wksq, Square bksq, Square psq, Color stm) {
+
+      int p = int(square_file(psq)) + (int(square_rank(psq)) - 1) * 4;
+      int r = int(stm) + 2 * int(bksq) + 128 * int(wksq) + 8192 * p;
+
+      assert(r >= 0 && r < IndexMax);
+
+      return r;
+  }
+
   void KPKPosition::from_index(int index) {
-    int s;
+
+    int s = (index / 8192) % 24;
+
     sideToMove = Color(index % 2);
     blackKingSquare = Square((index / 2) % 64);
     whiteKingSquare = Square((index / 128) % 64);
-    s = (index / 8192) % 24;
     pawnSquare = make_square(File(s % 4), Rank(s / 4 + 1));
   }
 
-
-  int KPKPosition::to_index() const {
-    return compute_index(whiteKingSquare, blackKingSquare, pawnSquare,
-                         sideToMove);
-  }
-
-
   bool KPKPosition::is_legal() const {
-    if(whiteKingSquare == pawnSquare || whiteKingSquare == blackKingSquare ||
+
-       pawnSquare == blackKingSquare)
+    if (   whiteKingSquare == pawnSquare
-      return false;
+        || whiteKingSquare == blackKingSquare
-    if(sideToMove == WHITE) {
+        || pawnSquare == blackKingSquare)
-      if(bit_is_set(this->wk_attacks(), blackKingSquare))
-        return false;
-      if(bit_is_set(this->pawn_attacks(), blackKingSquare))
         return false;
+
+    if (sideToMove == WHITE)
+    {
+        if (   bit_is_set(wk_attacks(), blackKingSquare)
+            || bit_is_set(pawn_attacks(), blackKingSquare))
+            return false;
     }
-    else {
+    else if (bit_is_set(bk_attacks(), whiteKingSquare))
-      if(bit_is_set(this->bk_attacks(), whiteKingSquare))
         return false;
-    }
+
     return true;
   }
 
-
   bool KPKPosition::is_immediate_draw() const {
-    if(sideToMove == BLACK) {
-      Bitboard wka = this->wk_attacks();
-      Bitboard bka = this->bk_attacks();
 
-      // Case 1: Stalemate
+    if (sideToMove == BLACK)
-      if((bka & ~(wka | this->pawn_attacks())) == EmptyBoardBB)
+    {
-        return true;
+        Bitboard wka = wk_attacks();
+        Bitboard bka = bk_attacks();
 
-      // Case 2: King can capture pawn
+        // Case 1: Stalemate
-      if(bit_is_set(bka, pawnSquare) && !bit_is_set(wka, pawnSquare))
+        if ((bka & ~(wka | pawn_attacks())) == EmptyBoardBB)
-        return true;
+            return true;
+
+        // Case 2: King can capture pawn
+        if (bit_is_set(bka, pawnSquare) && !bit_is_set(wka, pawnSquare))
+            return true;
     }
-    else {
+    else
-      // Case 1: Stalemate
+    {
-      if(whiteKingSquare == SQ_A8 && pawnSquare == SQ_A7 &&
+        // Case 1: Stalemate
-         (blackKingSquare == SQ_C7 || blackKingSquare == SQ_C8))
+        if (   whiteKingSquare == SQ_A8
-        return true;
+            && pawnSquare == SQ_A7
+            && (blackKingSquare == SQ_C7 || blackKingSquare == SQ_C8))
+            return true;
     }
-
     return false;
   }
 
-
   bool KPKPosition::is_immediate_win() const {
-    // The position is an immediate win if it is white to move and the white
+
-    // pawn can be promoted without getting captured:
+    // The position is an immediate win if it is white to move and the
-    return
+    // white pawn can be promoted without getting captured.
-      sideToMove == WHITE &&
+    return   sideToMove == WHITE
-      square_rank(pawnSquare) == RANK_7 &&
+          && square_rank(pawnSquare) == RANK_7
-      (square_distance(blackKingSquare, pawnSquare+DELTA_N) > 1 ||
+          && (   square_distance(blackKingSquare, pawnSquare + DELTA_N) > 1
-       bit_is_set(this->wk_attacks(), pawnSquare+DELTA_N));
+              || bit_is_set(wk_attacks(), pawnSquare + DELTA_N));
   }
 
-
+  Result classify_wtm(const KPKPosition& pos, const Result bb[]) {
-  Bitboard KPKPosition::wk_attacks() const {
-    return StepAttackBB[WK][whiteKingSquare];
-  }
-
-
-  Bitboard KPKPosition::bk_attacks() const {
-    return StepAttackBB[BK][blackKingSquare];
-  }
-
-
-  Bitboard KPKPosition::pawn_attacks() const {
-    return StepAttackBB[WP][pawnSquare];
-  }
-
-
-  void initialize() {
-    KPKPosition p;
-    for(int i = 0; i < IndexMax; i++) {
-      p.from_index(i);
-      if(!p.is_legal())
-        Bitbase[i] = RESULT_INVALID;
-      else if(p.is_immediate_draw())
-        Bitbase[i] = RESULT_DRAW;
-      else if(p.is_immediate_win())
-        Bitbase[i] = RESULT_WIN;
-      else {
-        Bitbase[i] = RESULT_UNKNOWN;
-        UnknownCount++;
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-
-  bool next_iteration() {
-    KPKPosition p;
-    int previousUnknownCount = UnknownCount;
-
-    for(int i = 0; i < IndexMax; i++)
-      if(Bitbase[i] == RESULT_UNKNOWN) {
-        p.from_index(i);
-
-        Bitbase[i] = (p.sideToMove == WHITE)? classify_wtm(p) : classify_btm(p);
-
-        if(Bitbase[i] == RESULT_WIN || Bitbase[i] == RESULT_LOSS ||
-           Bitbase[i] == RESULT_DRAW)
-          UnknownCount--;
-      }
-
-    return UnknownCount != previousUnknownCount;
-  }
-
-
-  Result classify_wtm(const KPKPosition &p) {
 
     // If one move leads to a position classified as RESULT_LOSS, the result
-    // of the current position is RESULT_WIN.  If all moves lead to positions
+    // of the current position is RESULT_WIN. If all moves lead to positions
-    // classified as RESULT_DRAW, the current position is classified as
+    // classified as RESULT_DRAW, the current position is classified RESULT_DRAW
-    // RESULT_DRAW.  Otherwise, the current position is classified as
+    // otherwise the current position is classified as RESULT_UNKNOWN.
-    // RESULT_UNKNOWN.
 
     bool unknownFound = false;
     Bitboard b;
     Square s;
+    int idx;
 
     // King moves
-    b = p.wk_attacks();
+    b = pos.wk_attacks();
-    while(b) {
+    while (b)
-      s = pop_1st_bit(&b);
+    {
-      switch(Bitbase[compute_index(s, p.blackKingSquare, p.pawnSquare,
+        s = pop_1st_bit(&b);
-                                   BLACK)]) {
+        idx = compute_index(s, pos.blackKingSquare, pos.pawnSquare, BLACK);
-      case RESULT_LOSS:
-        return RESULT_WIN;
 
-      case RESULT_UNKNOWN:
+        switch (bb[idx]) {
-        unknownFound = true;
-        break;
 
-      case RESULT_DRAW: case RESULT_INVALID:
+        case RESULT_LOSS:
-        break;
+            return RESULT_WIN;
 
-      default:
+        case RESULT_UNKNOWN:
-        assert(false);
+            unknownFound = true;
-      }
+
+        case RESULT_DRAW:
+        case RESULT_INVALID:
+             break;
+
+         default:
+             assert(false);
+        }
     }
 
     // Pawn moves
-    if(square_rank(p.pawnSquare) < RANK_7) {
+    if (square_rank(pos.pawnSquare) < RANK_7)
-      s = p.pawnSquare + DELTA_N;
+    {
-      switch(Bitbase[compute_index(p.whiteKingSquare, p.blackKingSquare, s,
+        s = pos.pawnSquare + DELTA_N;
-                                   BLACK)]) {
+        idx = compute_index(pos.whiteKingSquare, pos.blackKingSquare, s, BLACK);
-      case RESULT_LOSS:
-        return RESULT_WIN;
 
-      case RESULT_UNKNOWN:
+        switch (bb[idx]) {
-        unknownFound = true;
-        break;
 
-      case RESULT_DRAW: case RESULT_INVALID:
-        break;
-
-      default:
-        assert(false);
-      }
-
-      if(square_rank(s) == RANK_3 &&
-         s != p.whiteKingSquare && s != p.blackKingSquare) {
-        s += DELTA_N;
-        switch(Bitbase[compute_index(p.whiteKingSquare, p.blackKingSquare, s,
-                                     BLACK)]) {
         case RESULT_LOSS:
-          return RESULT_WIN;
+            return RESULT_WIN;
 
         case RESULT_UNKNOWN:
-          unknownFound = true;
+            unknownFound = true;
-          break;
 
-        case RESULT_DRAW: case RESULT_INVALID:
+        case RESULT_DRAW:
-          break;
+        case RESULT_INVALID:
+            break;
 
         default:
-          assert(false);
+            assert(false);
         }
-      }
-    }
 
-    return unknownFound? RESULT_UNKNOWN : RESULT_DRAW;
+        // Double pawn push
+        if (   square_rank(s) == RANK_3
+            && s != pos.whiteKingSquare
+            && s != pos.blackKingSquare)
+        {
+            s += DELTA_N;
+            idx = compute_index(pos.whiteKingSquare, pos.blackKingSquare, s, BLACK);
+
+            switch (bb[idx]) {
+
+            case RESULT_LOSS:
+                return RESULT_WIN;
+
+            case RESULT_UNKNOWN:
+                unknownFound = true;
+
+            case RESULT_DRAW:
+            case RESULT_INVALID:
+                break;
+
+            default:
+                assert(false);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return unknownFound ? RESULT_UNKNOWN : RESULT_DRAW;
   }
 
 
-  Result classify_btm(const KPKPosition &p) {
+  Result classify_btm(const KPKPosition& pos, const Result bb[]) {
 
     // If one move leads to a position classified as RESULT_DRAW, the result
-    // of the current position is RESULT_DRAW.  If all moves lead to positions
+    // of the current position is RESULT_DRAW. If all moves lead to positions
     // classified as RESULT_WIN, the current position is classified as
-    // RESULT_LOSS.  Otherwise, the current position is classified as
+    // RESULT_LOSS. Otherwise, the current position is classified as
     // RESULT_UNKNOWN.
 
     bool unknownFound = false;
     Bitboard b;
     Square s;
+    int idx;
 
     // King moves
-    b = p.bk_attacks();
+    b = pos.bk_attacks();
-    while(b) {
+    while (b)
-      s = pop_1st_bit(&b);
+    {
-      switch(Bitbase[compute_index(p.whiteKingSquare, s, p.pawnSquare,
+        s = pop_1st_bit(&b);
-                                   WHITE)]) {
+        idx = compute_index(pos.whiteKingSquare, s, pos.pawnSquare, WHITE);
-      case RESULT_DRAW:
-        return RESULT_DRAW;
 
-      case RESULT_UNKNOWN:
+        switch (bb[idx]) {
-        unknownFound = true;
-        break;
 
-      case RESULT_WIN: case RESULT_INVALID:
+        case RESULT_DRAW:
-        break;
+            return RESULT_DRAW;
 
-      default:
+        case RESULT_UNKNOWN:
-        assert(false);
+            unknownFound = true;
-      }
+
+        case RESULT_WIN:
+        case RESULT_INVALID:
+            break;
+
+        default:
+            assert(false);
+        }
     }
-
+    return unknownFound ? RESULT_UNKNOWN : RESULT_LOSS;
-    return unknownFound? RESULT_UNKNOWN : RESULT_LOSS;
-  }
-
-
-  int compute_index(Square wksq, Square bksq, Square psq, Color stm) {
-    int p = int(square_file(psq)) + (int(square_rank(psq)) - 1) * 4;
-    int result = int(stm) + 2*int(bksq) + 128*int(wksq) + 8192*p;
-    assert(result >= 0 && result < IndexMax);
-    return result;
-  }
-
-
-  int compress_result(Result r) {
-    return (r == RESULT_WIN || r == RESULT_LOSS)? 1 : 0;
   }
 
 }

src/bitbase.h

@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-/*
-  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
-  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
-
-  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-  (at your option) any later version.
-
-  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-  GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-*/
-
-
-#if !defined(BITBASE_H_INCLUDED)
-#define BITBASE_H_INCLUDED
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
-#include "types.h"
-
-
-////
-//// Prototypes
-////
-
-extern void generate_kpk_bitbase(uint8_t bitbase[]);
-
-
-#endif // !defined(BITBASE_H_INCLUDED)

src/bitboard.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@
 
 #include "bitboard.h"
 #include "bitcount.h"
-#include "direction.h"
 
 
 #if defined(IS_64BIT)
@@ -163,7 +162,10 @@ const int RShift[64] = {
 
 #endif // defined(IS_64BIT)
 
-const Bitboard SquaresByColorBB[2] = { BlackSquaresBB, WhiteSquaresBB };
+const Bitboard LightSquaresBB = 0x55AA55AA55AA55AAULL;
+const Bitboard DarkSquaresBB  = 0xAA55AA55AA55AA55ULL;
+
+const Bitboard SquaresByColorBB[2] = { DarkSquaresBB, LightSquaresBB };
 
 const Bitboard FileBB[8] = {
   FileABB, FileBBB, FileCBB, FileDBB, FileEBB, FileFBB, FileGBB, FileHBB
@@ -223,11 +225,11 @@ Bitboard SetMaskBB[65];
 Bitboard ClearMaskBB[65];
 
 Bitboard StepAttackBB[16][64];
-Bitboard RayBB[64][8];
 Bitboard BetweenBB[64][64];
 
+Bitboard SquaresInFrontMask[2][64];
 Bitboard PassedPawnMask[2][64];
-Bitboard OutpostMask[2][64];
+Bitboard AttackSpanMask[2][64];
 
 Bitboard BishopPseudoAttacks[64];
 Bitboard RookPseudoAttacks[64];
@@ -243,17 +245,14 @@ uint8_t BitCount8Bit[256];
 namespace {
 
   void init_masks();
-  void init_ray_bitboards();
   void init_attacks();
   void init_between_bitboards();
+  void init_pseudo_attacks();
+  Bitboard index_to_bitboard(int index, Bitboard mask);
   Bitboard sliding_attacks(int sq, Bitboard block, int dirs, int deltas[][2],
                            int fmin, int fmax, int rmin, int rmax);
-  Bitboard index_to_bitboard(int index, Bitboard mask);
+  void init_sliding_attacks(Bitboard attacks[], int attackIndex[], Bitboard mask[],
-  void init_sliding_attacks(Bitboard attacks[],
+                            const int shift[], const Bitboard mult[], int deltas[][2]);
-                            int attackIndex[], Bitboard mask[],
-                            const int shift[2], const Bitboard mult[],
-                            int deltas[][2]);
-  void init_pseudo_attacks();
 }
 
 
@@ -265,11 +264,14 @@ namespace {
 /// standard output.  This is sometimes useful for debugging.
 
 void print_bitboard(Bitboard b) {
-  for(Rank r = RANK_8; r >= RANK_1; r--) {
+
-    std::cout << "+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+" << std::endl;
+  for (Rank r = RANK_8; r >= RANK_1; r--)
-    for(File f = FILE_A; f <= FILE_H; f++)
+  {
-      std::cout << "| " << (bit_is_set(b, make_square(f, r))? 'X' : ' ') << ' ';
+      std::cout << "+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+" << std::endl;
-    std::cout << "|" << std::endl;
+      for (File f = FILE_A; f <= FILE_H; f++)
+          std::cout << "| " << (bit_is_set(b, make_square(f, r))? 'X' : ' ') << ' ';
+
+      std::cout << "|" << std::endl;
   }
   std::cout << "+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+" << std::endl;
 }
@@ -279,15 +281,16 @@ void print_bitboard(Bitboard b) {
 /// program initialization.
 
 void init_bitboards() {
+
   int rookDeltas[4][2] = {{0,1},{0,-1},{1,0},{-1,0}};
   int bishopDeltas[4][2] = {{1,1},{-1,1},{1,-1},{-1,-1}};
+
   init_masks();
-  init_ray_bitboards();
   init_attacks();
-  init_between_bitboards();
   init_sliding_attacks(RAttacks, RAttackIndex, RMask, RShift, RMult, rookDeltas);
   init_sliding_attacks(BAttacks, BAttackIndex, BMask, BShift, BMult, bishopDeltas);
   init_pseudo_attacks();
+  init_between_bitboards();
 }
 
 
@@ -297,8 +300,8 @@ void init_bitboards() {
 
 #if defined(IS_64BIT) && !defined(USE_BSFQ)
 
-CACHE_LINE_ALIGNMENT
+static CACHE_LINE_ALIGNMENT
-static const int BitTable[64] = {
+const int BitTable[64] = {
   0, 1, 2, 7, 3, 13, 8, 19, 4, 25, 14, 28, 9, 34, 20, 40, 5, 17, 26, 38, 15,
   46, 29, 48, 10, 31, 35, 54, 21, 50, 41, 57, 63, 6, 12, 18, 24, 27, 33, 39,
   16, 37, 45, 47, 30, 53, 49, 56, 62, 11, 23, 32, 36, 44, 52, 55, 61, 22, 43,
@@ -317,8 +320,8 @@ Square pop_1st_bit(Bitboard* b) {
 
 #elif !defined(USE_BSFQ)
 
-CACHE_LINE_ALIGNMENT
+static CACHE_LINE_ALIGNMENT
-static const int BitTable[64] = {
+const int BitTable[64] = {
   63, 30, 3, 32, 25, 41, 22, 33, 15, 50, 42, 13, 11, 53, 19, 34, 61, 29, 2,
   51, 21, 43, 45, 10, 18, 47, 1, 54, 9, 57, 0, 35, 62, 31, 40, 4, 49, 5, 52,
   26, 60, 6, 23, 44, 46, 27, 56, 16, 7, 39, 48, 24, 59, 14, 12, 55, 38, 28,
@@ -326,6 +329,7 @@ static const int BitTable[64] = {
 };
 
 Square first_1(Bitboard b) {
+
   b ^= (b - 1);
   uint32_t fold = int(b) ^ int(b >> 32);
   return Square(BitTable[(fold * 0x783a9b23) >> 26]);
@@ -336,30 +340,39 @@ union b_union {
 
     Bitboard b;
     struct {
+#if defined (BIGENDIAN)
+        uint32_t h;
+        uint32_t l;
+#else
         uint32_t l;
         uint32_t h;
+#endif
     } dw;
 };
 
-// WARNING: Needs -fno-strict-aliasing compiler option
 Square pop_1st_bit(Bitboard* bb) {
 
-  b_union u;
+   b_union u;
+   Square ret;
 
-  u.b = *bb;
+   u.b = *bb;
 
-  if (u.dw.l)
+   if (u.dw.l)
-  {
+   {
-      *((uint32_t*)bb) = u.dw.l & (u.dw.l - 1);
+       ret = Square(BitTable[((u.dw.l ^ (u.dw.l - 1)) * 0x783a9b23) >> 26]);
-      return Square(BitTable[((u.dw.l ^ (u.dw.l - 1)) * 0x783a9b23) >> 26]);
+       u.dw.l &= (u.dw.l - 1);
-  }
+       *bb = u.b;
-
+       return ret;
-  *((uint32_t*)bb+1) = u.dw.h & (u.dw.h - 1); // Little endian only?
+   }
-  return Square(BitTable[((~(u.dw.h ^ (u.dw.h - 1))) * 0x783a9b23) >> 26]);
+   ret = Square(BitTable[((~(u.dw.h ^ (u.dw.h - 1))) * 0x783a9b23) >> 26]);
+   u.dw.h &= (u.dw.h - 1);
+   *bb = u.b;
+   return ret;
 }
 
 #endif
 
+
 namespace {
 
   // All functions below are used to precompute various bitboards during
@@ -368,39 +381,31 @@ namespace {
   // be necessary to touch any of them.
 
   void init_masks() {
+
     SetMaskBB[SQ_NONE] = 0ULL;
     ClearMaskBB[SQ_NONE] = ~SetMaskBB[SQ_NONE];
-    for(Square s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; s++) {
+
-      SetMaskBB[s] = (1ULL << s);
+    for (Square s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; s++)
-      ClearMaskBB[s] = ~SetMaskBB[s];
+    {
+        SetMaskBB[s] = (1ULL << s);
+        ClearMaskBB[s] = ~SetMaskBB[s];
     }
-    for(Color c = WHITE; c <= BLACK; c++)
-      for(Square s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; s++) {
-        PassedPawnMask[c][s] =
-          in_front_bb(c, s) & this_and_neighboring_files_bb(s);
-        OutpostMask[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & neighboring_files_bb(s);
-      }
 
-    for (Bitboard b = 0ULL; b < 256ULL; b++)
+    for (Color c = WHITE; c <= BLACK; c++)
-        BitCount8Bit[b] = (uint8_t)count_1s(b);
+        for (Square s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; s++)
+        {
+            SquaresInFrontMask[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & file_bb(s);
+            PassedPawnMask[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & this_and_neighboring_files_bb(s);
+            AttackSpanMask[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & neighboring_files_bb(s);
+        }
+
+    for (Bitboard b = 0; b < 256; b++)
+        BitCount8Bit[b] = (uint8_t)count_1s<CNT32>(b);
   }
 
-
-  void init_ray_bitboards() {
-    int d[8] = {1, -1, 16, -16, 17, -17, 15, -15};
-    for(int i = 0; i < 128; i = (i + 9) & ~8) {
-      for(int j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
-        RayBB[(i&7)|((i>>4)<<3)][j] = EmptyBoardBB;
-        for(int k = i + d[j]; (k & 0x88) == 0; k += d[j])
-          set_bit(&(RayBB[(i&7)|((i>>4)<<3)][j]), Square((k&7)|((k>>4)<<3)));
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-
   void init_attacks() {
-    int i, j, k, l;
+
-    int step[16][8] =  {
+    const int step[16][8] =  {
       {0},
       {7,9,0}, {17,15,10,6,-6,-10,-15,-17}, {9,7,-7,-9,0}, {8,1,-1,-8,0},
       {9,7,-7,-9,8,1,-1,-8}, {9,7,-7,-9,8,1,-1,-8}, {0}, {0},
@@ -408,105 +413,120 @@ namespace {
       {9,7,-7,-9,8,1,-1,-8}, {9,7,-7,-9,8,1,-1,-8}
     };
 
-    for(i = 0; i < 64; i++) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < 64; i++)
-      for(j = 0; j <= int(BK); j++) {
+        for (int j = 0; j <= int(BK); j++)
-        StepAttackBB[j][i] = EmptyBoardBB;
+        {
-        for(k = 0; k < 8 && step[j][k] != 0; k++) {
+            StepAttackBB[j][i] = EmptyBoardBB;
-          l = i + step[j][k];
+            for (int k = 0; k < 8 && step[j][k] != 0; k++)
-          if(l >= 0 && l < 64 && abs((i&7) - (l&7)) < 3)
+            {
-            StepAttackBB[j][i] |= (1ULL << l);
+                int l = i + step[j][k];
+                if (l >= 0 && l < 64 && abs((i & 7) - (l & 7)) < 3)
+                    StepAttackBB[j][i] |= (1ULL << l);
+           }
         }
-      }
-    }
   }
 
-
   Bitboard sliding_attacks(int sq, Bitboard block, int dirs, int deltas[][2],
                            int fmin=0, int fmax=7, int rmin=0, int rmax=7) {
     Bitboard result = 0ULL;
-    int rk = sq / 8, fl = sq % 8, r, f, i;
+    int rk = sq / 8;
-    for(i = 0; i < dirs; i++) {
+    int fl = sq % 8;
-      int dx = deltas[i][0], dy = deltas[i][1];
+
-      for(f = fl+dx, r = rk+dy;
+    for (int i = 0; i < dirs; i++)
-          (dx==0 || (f>=fmin && f<=fmax)) && (dy==0 || (r>=rmin && r<=rmax));
+    {
-          f += dx, r += dy) {
+        int dx = deltas[i][0];
-        result |= (1ULL << (f + r*8));
+        int dy = deltas[i][1];
-        if(block & (1ULL << (f + r*8))) break;
+        int f = fl + dx;
-      }
+        int r = rk + dy;
+
+        while (   (dx == 0 || (f >= fmin && f <= fmax))
+               && (dy == 0 || (r >= rmin && r <= rmax)))
+        {
+            result |= (1ULL << (f + r*8));
+            if (block & (1ULL << (f + r*8)))
+                break;
+
+            f += dx;
+            r += dy;
+        }
     }
     return result;
   }
 
-
   void init_between_bitboards() {
-    SquareDelta step[8] = {
+
-      DELTA_E, DELTA_W, DELTA_N, DELTA_S, DELTA_NE, DELTA_SW, DELTA_NW, DELTA_SE
+    Square s1, s2, s3;
-    };
+    SquareDelta d;
-    SignedDirection d;
+    int f, r;
-    for(Square s1 = SQ_A1; s1 <= SQ_H8; s1++)
+
-      for(Square s2 = SQ_A1; s2 <= SQ_H8; s2++) {
+    for (s1 = SQ_A1; s1 <= SQ_H8; s1++)
-        BetweenBB[s1][s2] = EmptyBoardBB;
+        for (s2 = SQ_A1; s2 <= SQ_H8; s2++)
-        d = signed_direction_between_squares(s1, s2);
+        {
-        if(d != SIGNED_DIR_NONE)
+            BetweenBB[s1][s2] = EmptyBoardBB;
-          for(Square s3 = s1 + step[d]; s3 != s2; s3 += step[d])
+
-            set_bit(&(BetweenBB[s1][s2]), s3);
+            if (bit_is_set(QueenPseudoAttacks[s1], s2))
+            {
+                f = file_distance(s1, s2);
+                r = rank_distance(s1, s2);
+
+                d = SquareDelta(s2 - s1) / Max(f, r);
+
+                for (s3 = s1 + d; s3 != s2; s3 += d)
+                    set_bit(&(BetweenBB[s1][s2]), s3);
+            }
       }
   }
 
-
   Bitboard index_to_bitboard(int index, Bitboard mask) {
-    int i, j, bits = count_1s(mask);
+
     Bitboard result = 0ULL;
-    for(i = 0; i < bits; i++) {
+    int bits = count_1s<CNT32>(mask);
-      j = pop_1st_bit(&mask);
+
-      if(index & (1 << i)) result |= (1ULL << j);
+    for (int i = 0; i < bits; i++)
+    {
+        int j = pop_1st_bit(&mask);
+        if (index & (1 << i))
+            result |= (1ULL << j);
     }
     return result;
   }
 
+  void init_sliding_attacks(Bitboard attacks[], int attackIndex[], Bitboard mask[],
+                            const int shift[], const Bitboard mult[], int deltas[][2]) {
 
-  void init_sliding_attacks(Bitboard attacks[],
+    for (int i = 0, index = 0; i < 64; i++)
-                            int attackIndex[], Bitboard mask[],
+    {
-                            const int shift[2], const Bitboard mult[],
+        attackIndex[i] = index;
-                            int deltas[][2]) {
+        mask[i] = sliding_attacks(i, 0, 4, deltas, 1, 6, 1, 6);
-    int i, j, k, index = 0;
-    Bitboard b;
-    for(i = 0; i < 64; i++) {
-      attackIndex[i] = index;
-      mask[i] = sliding_attacks(i, 0ULL, 4, deltas, 1, 6, 1, 6);
 
 #if defined(IS_64BIT)
-      j = (1 << (64 - shift[i]));
+        int j = (1 << (64 - shift[i]));
 #else
-      j = (1 << (32 - shift[i]));
+        int j = (1 << (32 - shift[i]));
 #endif
 
-      for(k = 0; k < j; k++) {
+        for (int k = 0; k < j; k++)
-
+        {
 #if defined(IS_64BIT)
-        b = index_to_bitboard(k, mask[i]);
+            Bitboard b = index_to_bitboard(k, mask[i]);
-        attacks[index + ((b * mult[i]) >> shift[i])] =
+            attacks[index + ((b * mult[i]) >> shift[i])] = sliding_attacks(i, b, 4, deltas);
-          sliding_attacks(i, b, 4, deltas);
 #else
-        b = index_to_bitboard(k, mask[i]);
+            Bitboard b = index_to_bitboard(k, mask[i]);
-        attacks[index +
+            unsigned v = int(b) * int(mult[i]) ^ int(b >> 32) * int(mult[i] >> 32);
-                 (unsigned(int(b) * int(mult[i]) ^
+            attacks[index + (v >> shift[i])] = sliding_attacks(i, b, 4, deltas);
-                           int(b >> 32) * int(mult[i] >> 32))
-                  >> shift[i])] =
-          sliding_attacks(i, b, 4, deltas);
 #endif
-      }
+        }
-      index += j;
+        index += j;
     }
   }
 
-
   void init_pseudo_attacks() {
-    Square s;
+
-    for(s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; s++) {
+    for (Square s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; s++)
-      BishopPseudoAttacks[s] = bishop_attacks_bb(s, EmptyBoardBB);
+    {
-      RookPseudoAttacks[s] = rook_attacks_bb(s, EmptyBoardBB);
+        BishopPseudoAttacks[s] = bishop_attacks_bb(s, EmptyBoardBB);
-      QueenPseudoAttacks[s] = queen_attacks_bb(s, EmptyBoardBB);
+        RookPseudoAttacks[s]   = rook_attacks_bb(s, EmptyBoardBB);
+        QueenPseudoAttacks[s]  = queen_attacks_bb(s, EmptyBoardBB);
     }
   }
 

src/bitboard.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@
 //// Includes
 ////
 
-#include "direction.h"
 #include "piece.h"
 #include "square.h"
 #include "types.h"
@@ -36,28 +35,25 @@
 //// Constants and variables
 ////
 
-const Bitboard EmptyBoardBB = 0ULL;
+const Bitboard EmptyBoardBB = 0;
-
-const Bitboard WhiteSquaresBB = 0x55AA55AA55AA55AAULL;
-const Bitboard BlackSquaresBB = 0xAA55AA55AA55AA55ULL;
 
 const Bitboard FileABB = 0x0101010101010101ULL;
-const Bitboard FileBBB = 0x0202020202020202ULL;
+const Bitboard FileBBB = FileABB << 1;
-const Bitboard FileCBB = 0x0404040404040404ULL;
+const Bitboard FileCBB = FileABB << 2;
-const Bitboard FileDBB = 0x0808080808080808ULL;
+const Bitboard FileDBB = FileABB << 3;
-const Bitboard FileEBB = 0x1010101010101010ULL;
+const Bitboard FileEBB = FileABB << 4;
-const Bitboard FileFBB = 0x2020202020202020ULL;
+const Bitboard FileFBB = FileABB << 5;
-const Bitboard FileGBB = 0x4040404040404040ULL;
+const Bitboard FileGBB = FileABB << 6;
-const Bitboard FileHBB = 0x8080808080808080ULL;
+const Bitboard FileHBB = FileABB << 7;
 
-const Bitboard Rank1BB = 0xFFULL;
+const Bitboard Rank1BB = 0xFF;
-const Bitboard Rank2BB = 0xFF00ULL;
+const Bitboard Rank2BB = Rank1BB << (8 * 1);
-const Bitboard Rank3BB = 0xFF0000ULL;
+const Bitboard Rank3BB = Rank1BB << (8 * 2);
-const Bitboard Rank4BB = 0xFF000000ULL;
+const Bitboard Rank4BB = Rank1BB << (8 * 3);
-const Bitboard Rank5BB = 0xFF00000000ULL;
+const Bitboard Rank5BB = Rank1BB << (8 * 4);
-const Bitboard Rank6BB = 0xFF0000000000ULL;
+const Bitboard Rank6BB = Rank1BB << (8 * 5);
-const Bitboard Rank7BB = 0xFF000000000000ULL;
+const Bitboard Rank7BB = Rank1BB << (8 * 6);
-const Bitboard Rank8BB = 0xFF00000000000000ULL;
+const Bitboard Rank8BB = Rank1BB << (8 * 7);
 
 extern const Bitboard SquaresByColorBB[2];
 extern const Bitboard FileBB[8];
@@ -71,11 +67,11 @@ extern Bitboard SetMaskBB[65];
 extern Bitboard ClearMaskBB[65];
 
 extern Bitboard StepAttackBB[16][64];
-extern Bitboard RayBB[64][8];
 extern Bitboard BetweenBB[64][64];
 
+extern Bitboard SquaresInFrontMask[2][64];
 extern Bitboard PassedPawnMask[2][64];
-extern Bitboard OutpostMask[2][64];
+extern Bitboard AttackSpanMask[2][64];
 
 extern const uint64_t RMult[64];
 extern const int RShift[64];
@@ -127,9 +123,8 @@ inline void do_move_bb(Bitboard *b, Bitboard move_bb) {
   *b ^= move_bb;
 }
 
-/// rank_bb() and file_bb() gives a bitboard containing all squares on a given
+/// rank_bb() and file_bb() take a file or a square as input, and return
-/// file or rank.  It is also possible to pass a square as input to these
+/// a bitboard representing all squares on the given file or rank.
-/// functions.
 
 inline Bitboard rank_bb(Rank r) {
   return RankBB[r];
@@ -156,7 +151,7 @@ inline Bitboard neighboring_files_bb(File f) {
 }
 
 inline Bitboard neighboring_files_bb(Square s) {
-  return neighboring_files_bb(square_file(s));
+  return NeighboringFilesBB[square_file(s)];
 }
 
 
@@ -169,7 +164,7 @@ inline Bitboard this_and_neighboring_files_bb(File f) {
 }
 
 inline Bitboard this_and_neighboring_files_bb(Square s) {
-  return this_and_neighboring_files_bb(square_file(s));
+  return ThisAndNeighboringFilesBB[square_file(s)];
 }
 
 
@@ -195,7 +190,7 @@ inline Bitboard in_front_bb(Color c, Rank r) {
 }
 
 inline Bitboard in_front_bb(Color c, Square s) {
-  return in_front_bb(c, square_rank(s));
+  return InFrontBB[c][square_rank(s)];
 }
 
 
@@ -208,15 +203,7 @@ inline Bitboard behind_bb(Color c, Rank r) {
 }
 
 inline Bitboard behind_bb(Color c, Square s) {
-  return in_front_bb(opposite_color(c), square_rank(s));
+  return InFrontBB[opposite_color(c)][square_rank(s)];
-}
-
-
-/// ray_bb() gives a bitboard representing all squares along the ray in a
-/// given direction from a given square.
-
-inline Bitboard ray_bb(Square s, SignedDirection d) {
-  return RayBB[s][d];
 }
 
 
@@ -274,12 +261,11 @@ inline Bitboard squares_between(Square s1, Square s2) {
 
 /// squares_in_front_of takes a color and a square as input, and returns a
 /// bitboard representing all squares along the line in front of the square,
-/// from the point of view of the given color.  For instance,
+/// from the point of view of the given color. Definition of the table is:
-/// squares_in_front_of(BLACK, SQ_E4) returns a bitboard with the squares
+/// SquaresInFrontOf[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & file_bb(s)
-/// e3, e2 and e1 set.
 
 inline Bitboard squares_in_front_of(Color c, Square s) {
-  return in_front_bb(c, s) & file_bb(s);
+  return SquaresInFrontMask[c][s];
 }
 
 
@@ -287,33 +273,36 @@ inline Bitboard squares_in_front_of(Color c, Square s) {
 /// behind the square instead of in front of the square.
 
 inline Bitboard squares_behind(Color c, Square s) {
-  return in_front_bb(opposite_color(c), s) & file_bb(s);
+  return SquaresInFrontMask[opposite_color(c)][s];
 }
 
 
 /// passed_pawn_mask takes a color and a square as input, and returns a
 /// bitboard mask which can be used to test if a pawn of the given color on
-/// the given square is a passed pawn.
+/// the given square is a passed pawn. Definition of the table is:
+/// PassedPawnMask[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & this_and_neighboring_files_bb(s)
 
 inline Bitboard passed_pawn_mask(Color c, Square s) {
   return PassedPawnMask[c][s];
 }
 
 
-/// outpost_mask takes a color and a square as input, and returns a bitboard
+/// attack_span_mask takes a color and a square as input, and returns a bitboard
-/// mask which can be used to test whether a piece on the square can possibly
+/// representing all squares that can be attacked by a pawn of the given color
-/// be driven away by an enemy pawn.
+/// when it moves along its file starting from the given square. Definition is:
+/// AttackSpanMask[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & neighboring_files_bb(s);
 
-inline Bitboard outpost_mask(Color c, Square s) {
+inline Bitboard attack_span_mask(Color c, Square s) {
-  return OutpostMask[c][s];
+  return AttackSpanMask[c][s];
 }
 
 
-/// isolated_pawn_mask takes a square as input, and returns a bitboard mask
+/// squares_aligned returns true if the squares s1, s2 and s3 are aligned
-/// which can be used to test whether a pawn on the given square is isolated.
+/// either on a straight or on a diagonal line.
 
-inline Bitboard isolated_pawn_mask(Square s) {
+inline bool squares_aligned(Square s1, Square s2, Square s3) {
-  return neighboring_files_bb(s);
+  return  (BetweenBB[s1][s2] | BetweenBB[s1][s3] | BetweenBB[s2][s3])
+        & ((1ULL << s1) | (1ULL << s2) | (1ULL << s3));
 }
 
 

src/bitcount.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -22,69 +22,25 @@
 #if !defined(BITCOUNT_H_INCLUDED)
 #define BITCOUNT_H_INCLUDED
 
-// To enable POPCNT support uncomment USE_POPCNT define. For PGO compile on a Core i7
-// you may want to collect profile data first with USE_POPCNT disabled and then, in a
-// second profiling session, with USE_POPCNT enabled so to exercise both paths. Don't
-// forget to leave USE_POPCNT enabled for the final optimized compile though ;-)
-
-//#define USE_POPCNT
-
-
 #include "types.h"
 
-// Select type of intrinsic bit count instruction to use
+enum BitCountType {
+    CNT64,
+    CNT64_MAX15,
+    CNT32,
+    CNT32_MAX15,
+    CNT_POPCNT
+};
 
-#if defined(__INTEL_COMPILER) && defined(IS_64BIT) && defined(USE_POPCNT) // Intel compiler
+/// count_1s() counts the number of nonzero bits in a bitboard.
+/// We have different optimized versions according if platform
+/// is 32 or 64 bits, and to the maximum number of nonzero bits.
+/// We also support hardware popcnt instruction. See Readme.txt
+/// on how to pgo compile with popcnt support.
+template<BitCountType> inline int count_1s(Bitboard);
 
-#include <nmmintrin.h>
+template<>
-
+inline int count_1s<CNT64>(Bitboard b) {
-inline bool cpu_has_popcnt() {
-
-  int CPUInfo[4] = {-1};
-  __cpuid(CPUInfo, 0x00000001);
-  return (CPUInfo[2] >> 23) & 1;
-}
-
-// Define a dummy template to workaround a compile error if _mm_popcnt_u64() is not defined.
-//
-// If _mm_popcnt_u64() is defined in <nmmintrin.h> it will be choosen first due to
-// C++ overload rules that always prefer a function to a template with the same name.
-// If not, we avoid a compile error and because cpu_has_popcnt() should return false,
-// our templetized _mm_popcnt_u64() is never called anyway.
-template<typename T> inline unsigned _mm_popcnt_u64(T) { return 0; } // Is never called
-
-#define POPCNT_INTRINSIC(x) _mm_popcnt_u64(x)
-
-#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && defined(IS_64BIT) && defined(USE_POPCNT) // Microsoft compiler
-
-#include <intrin.h>
-
-inline bool cpu_has_popcnt() {
-
-  int CPUInfo[4] = {-1};
-  __cpuid(CPUInfo, 0x00000001);
-  return (CPUInfo[2] >> 23) & 1;
-}
-
-// See comment of _mm_popcnt_u64<>() few lines above for an explanation.
-template<typename T> inline unsigned __popcnt64(T) { return 0; } // Is never called
-
-#define POPCNT_INTRINSIC(x) __popcnt64(x)
-
-#else // Safe fallback for unsupported compilers or when USE_POPCNT is disabled
-
-inline bool cpu_has_popcnt() { return false; }
-
-#define POPCNT_INTRINSIC(x) 0
-
-#endif // cpu_has_popcnt() and POPCNT_INTRINSIC() definitions
-
-
-/// Software implementation of bit count functions
-
-#if defined(IS_64BIT)
-
-inline int count_1s(Bitboard b) {
   b -= ((b>>1) & 0x5555555555555555ULL);
   b = ((b>>2) & 0x3333333333333333ULL) + (b & 0x3333333333333333ULL);
   b = ((b>>4) + b) & 0x0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0FULL;
@@ -92,16 +48,16 @@ inline int count_1s(Bitboard b) {
   return int(b >> 56);
 }
 
-inline int count_1s_max_15(Bitboard b) {
+template<>
+inline int count_1s<CNT64_MAX15>(Bitboard b) {
   b -= (b>>1) & 0x5555555555555555ULL;
   b = ((b>>2) & 0x3333333333333333ULL) + (b & 0x3333333333333333ULL);
   b *= 0x1111111111111111ULL;
   return int(b >> 60);
 }
 
-#else // if !defined(IS_64BIT)
+template<>
-
+inline int count_1s<CNT32>(Bitboard b) {
-inline int count_1s(Bitboard b) {
   unsigned w = unsigned(b >> 32), v = unsigned(b);
   v -= (v >> 1) & 0x55555555; // 0-2 in 2 bits
   w -= (w >> 1) & 0x55555555;
@@ -113,7 +69,8 @@ inline int count_1s(Bitboard b) {
   return int(v >> 24);
 }
 
-inline int count_1s_max_15(Bitboard b) {
+template<>
+inline int count_1s<CNT32_MAX15>(Bitboard b) {
   unsigned w = unsigned(b >> 32), v = unsigned(b);
   v -= (v >> 1) & 0x55555555; // 0-2 in 2 bits
   w -= (w >> 1) & 0x55555555;
@@ -124,38 +81,45 @@ inline int count_1s_max_15(Bitboard b) {
   return int(v >> 28);
 }
 
-#endif // BITCOUNT
+template<>
-
+inline int count_1s<CNT_POPCNT>(Bitboard b) {
-
+#if !defined(USE_POPCNT)
-/// count_1s() counts the number of nonzero bits in a bitboard.
+  return int(b != 0); // Avoid 'b not used' warning
-/// If template parameter is true an intrinsic is called, otherwise
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
-/// we fallback on a software implementation.
+  return __popcnt64(b);
-
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
-template<bool UseIntrinsic>
+  unsigned long ret;
-inline int count_1s(Bitboard b) {
+  __asm__("popcnt %1, %0" : "=r" (ret) : "r" (b));
-
+  return ret;
-  return UseIntrinsic ? POPCNT_INTRINSIC(b) : count_1s(b);
+#endif
-}
-
-template<bool UseIntrinsic>
-inline int count_1s_max_15(Bitboard b) {
-
-  return UseIntrinsic ? POPCNT_INTRINSIC(b) : count_1s_max_15(b);
 }
 
 
-// Global constant initialized at startup that is set to true if
+/// cpu_has_popcnt() detects support for popcnt instruction at runtime
-// CPU on which application runs supports POPCNT intrinsic. Unless
+inline bool cpu_has_popcnt() {
-// USE_POPCNT is not defined.
+
+  int CPUInfo[4] = {-1};
+  __cpuid(CPUInfo, 0x00000001);
+  return (CPUInfo[2] >> 23) & 1;
+}
+
+
+/// CpuHasPOPCNT is a global constant initialized at startup that
+/// is set to true if CPU on which application runs supports popcnt
+/// hardware instruction. Unless USE_POPCNT is not defined.
+#if defined(USE_POPCNT)
 const bool CpuHasPOPCNT = cpu_has_popcnt();
-
-
-// Global constant used to print info about the use of 64 optimized
-// functions to verify that a 64 bit compile has been correctly built.
-#if defined(IS_64BIT)
-const bool CpuHas64BitPath = true;
 #else
-const bool CpuHas64BitPath = false;
+const bool CpuHasPOPCNT = false;
+#endif
+
+
+/// CpuIs64Bit is a global constant initialized at compile time that
+/// is set to true if CPU on which application runs is a 64 bits.
+#if defined(IS_64BIT)
+const bool CpuIs64Bit = true;
+#else
+const bool CpuIs64Bit = false;
 #endif
 
 #endif // !defined(BITCOUNT_H_INCLUDED)

src/book.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -32,30 +32,20 @@
 #include <cassert>
 
 #include "book.h"
-#include "mersenne.h"
 #include "movegen.h"
 
 using namespace std;
 
-////
-//// Global variables
-////
-
-Book OpeningBook;
-
-
 ////
 //// Local definitions
 ////
 
 namespace {
 
-  /// Book entry size in bytes
+  // Book entry size in bytes
   const int EntrySize = 16;
 
-
+  // Random numbers from PolyGlot, used to compute book hash keys
-  /// Random numbers from PolyGlot, used to compute book hash keys
-
   const uint64_t Random64[781] = {
     0x9D39247E33776D41ULL, 0x2AF7398005AAA5C7ULL, 0x44DB015024623547ULL,
     0x9C15F73E62A76AE2ULL, 0x75834465489C0C89ULL, 0x3290AC3A203001BFULL,
@@ -320,17 +310,13 @@ namespace {
     0xF8D626AAAF278509ULL
   };
 
+  // Indices to the Random64[] array
+  const int PieceIdx     = 0;
+  const int CastleIdx    = 768;
+  const int EnPassantIdx = 772;
+  const int TurnIdx      = 780;
 
-  /// Indices to the Random64[] array
+  // Local functions
-
-  const int RandomPiece     = 0;
-  const int RandomCastle    = 768;
-  const int RandomEnPassant = 772;
-  const int RandomTurn      = 780;
-
-
-  /// Prototypes
-
   uint64_t book_key(const Position& pos);
   uint64_t book_piece_key(Piece p, Square s);
   uint64_t book_castle_key(const Position& pos);
@@ -343,6 +329,13 @@ namespace {
 //// Functions
 ////
 
+// C'tor. Make random number generation less deterministic, for book moves
+Book::Book() {
+
+  for (int i = abs(get_system_time() % 10000); i > 0; i--)
+      RKiss.rand<unsigned>();
+}
+
 
 /// Destructor. Be sure file is closed before we leave.
 
@@ -352,31 +345,6 @@ Book::~Book() {
 }
 
 
-/// Book::open() opens a book file with a given file name
-
-void Book::open(const string& fName) {
-
-  // Close old file before opening the new
-  close();
-
-  fileName = fName;
-  ifstream::open(fileName.c_str(), ifstream::in | ifstream::binary);
-  if (!is_open())
-      return;
-
-  // Get the book size in number of entries
-  seekg(0, ios::end);
-  bookSize = tellg() / EntrySize;
-  seekg(0, ios::beg);
-
-  if (!good())
-  {
-      cerr << "Failed to open book file " << fileName << endl;
-      Application::exit_with_failure();
-  }
-}
-
-
 /// Book::close() closes the file only if it is open, otherwise
 /// we can end up in a little mess due to how std::ifstream works.
 
@@ -387,10 +355,37 @@ void Book::close() {
 }
 
 
+/// Book::open() opens a book file with a given file name
+
+void Book::open(const string& fName) {
+
+  // Close old file before opening the new
+  close();
+
+  fileName = fName;
+  ifstream::open(fileName.c_str(), ifstream::in | ifstream::binary);
+
+  // Silently return when asked to open a non-exsistent file
+  if (!is_open())
+      return;
+
+  // Get the book size in number of entries
+  seekg(0, ios::end);
+  bookSize = long(tellg()) / EntrySize;
+  seekg(0, ios::beg);
+
+  if (!good())
+  {
+      cerr << "Failed to open book file " << fileName << endl;
+      exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+  }
+}
+
+
 /// Book::file_name() returns the file name of the currently active book,
 /// or the empty string if no book is open.
 
-const string Book::file_name() const {
+const string Book::file_name() { // Not const to compile on HP-UX 11.X
 
   return is_open() ? fileName : "";
 }
@@ -399,14 +394,15 @@ const string Book::file_name() const {
 /// Book::get_move() gets a book move for a given position. Returns
 /// MOVE_NONE if no book move is found.
 
-Move Book::get_move(const Position& pos) {
+Move Book::get_move(const Position& pos, bool findBestMove) {
 
   if (!is_open() || bookSize == 0)
       return MOVE_NONE;
 
-  int bookMove = 0, scoresSum = 0;
-  uint64_t key = book_key(pos);
   BookEntry entry;
+  int bookMove = MOVE_NONE;
+  unsigned scoresSum = 0, bestScore = 0;
+  uint64_t key = book_key(pos);
 
   // Choose a book move among the possible moves for the given position
   for (int idx = find_key(key); idx < bookSize; idx++)
@@ -415,21 +411,31 @@ Move Book::get_move(const Position& pos) {
       if (entry.key != key)
           break;
 
-      int score = entry.count;
+      unsigned score = entry.count;
 
-      assert(score > 0);
+      // If findBestMove is true choose highest rated book move
+      if (findBestMove)
+      {
+          if (score > bestScore)
+          {
+              bestScore = score;
+              bookMove = entry.move;
+          }
+          continue;
+      }
 
       // Choose book move according to its score. If a move has a very
       // high score it has more probability to be choosen then a one with
       // lower score. Note that first entry is always chosen.
       scoresSum += score;
-      if (int(genrand_int32() % scoresSum) < score)
+      if (RKiss.rand<unsigned>() % scoresSum < score)
           bookMove = entry.move;
   }
   if (!bookMove)
       return MOVE_NONE;
 
-  MoveStack mlist[256];
+  // Verify the book move is legal
+  MoveStack mlist[MOVES_MAX];
   MoveStack* last = generate_moves(pos, mlist);
   for (MoveStack* cur = mlist; cur != last; cur++)
       if ((int(cur->move) & 07777) == bookMove)
@@ -462,6 +468,7 @@ int Book::find_key(uint64_t key) {
       assert(mid >= left && mid < right);
 
       read_entry(entry, mid);
+
       if (key <= entry.key)
           right = mid;
       else
@@ -471,7 +478,7 @@ int Book::find_key(uint64_t key) {
   assert(left == right);
 
   read_entry(entry, left);
-  return (entry.key == key)? left : bookSize;
+  return entry.key == key ? left : bookSize;
 }
 
 
@@ -485,11 +492,13 @@ void Book::read_entry(BookEntry& entry, int idx) {
   assert(is_open());
 
   seekg(idx * EntrySize, ios_base::beg);
+
   *this >> entry;
+
   if (!good())
   {
       cerr << "Failed to read book entry at index " << idx << endl;
-      Application::exit_with_failure();
+      exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
   }
 }
 
@@ -500,10 +509,11 @@ void Book::read_entry(BookEntry& entry, int idx) {
 uint64_t Book::read_integer(int size) {
 
   char buf[8];
+  uint64_t n = 0;
+
   read(buf, size);
 
   // Numbers are stored on disk as a binary byte stream
-  uint64_t n = 0ULL;
   for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
       n = (n << 8) + (unsigned char)buf[i];
 
@@ -519,23 +529,15 @@ namespace {
 
   uint64_t book_key(const Position& pos) {
 
-    uint64_t result = 0ULL;
+    uint64_t result = 0;
+    Bitboard b = pos.occupied_squares();
 
-    for (Color c = WHITE; c <= BLACK; c++)
+    while (b)
     {
-        Bitboard b = pos.pieces_of_color(c);
+        Square s = pop_1st_bit(&b);
-
+        result ^= book_piece_key(pos.piece_on(s), s);
-        while (b)
-        {
-            Square s = pop_1st_bit(&b);
-            Piece p = pos.piece_on(s);
-
-            assert(piece_is_ok(p));
-            assert(color_of_piece(p) == c);
-
-            result ^= book_piece_key(p, s);
-        }
     }
+
     result ^= book_castle_key(pos);
     result ^= book_ep_key(pos);
     result ^= book_color_key(pos);
@@ -545,39 +547,41 @@ namespace {
 
   uint64_t book_piece_key(Piece p, Square s) {
 
-    /// Convert pieces to the range 0..11
+    // Convert pieces to the range 0..11
     static const int PieceTo12[] = { 0, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 0, 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 };
 
-    return Random64[RandomPiece + (PieceTo12[int(p)]^1) * 64 + int(s)];
+    return Random64[PieceIdx + (PieceTo12[int(p)]^1) * 64 + int(s)];
   }
 
 
   uint64_t book_castle_key(const Position& pos) {
 
-    uint64_t result = 0ULL;
+    uint64_t result = 0;
 
     if (pos.can_castle_kingside(WHITE))
-        result ^= Random64[RandomCastle+0];
+        result ^= Random64[CastleIdx + 0];
 
     if (pos.can_castle_queenside(WHITE))
-        result ^= Random64[RandomCastle+1];
+        result ^= Random64[CastleIdx + 1];
 
     if (pos.can_castle_kingside(BLACK))
-        result ^= Random64[RandomCastle+2];
+        result ^= Random64[CastleIdx + 2];
 
     if (pos.can_castle_queenside(BLACK))
-        result ^= Random64[RandomCastle+3];
+        result ^= Random64[CastleIdx + 3];
 
     return result;
   }
 
 
   uint64_t book_ep_key(const Position& pos) {
-    return (pos.ep_square() == SQ_NONE ? 0ULL : Random64[RandomEnPassant + square_file(pos.ep_square())]);
+
+    return pos.ep_square() == SQ_NONE ? 0 : Random64[EnPassantIdx + square_file(pos.ep_square())];
   }
 
 
   uint64_t book_color_key(const Position& pos) {
-    return (pos.side_to_move() == WHITE ? Random64[RandomTurn] : 0ULL);
+
+    return pos.side_to_move() == WHITE ? Random64[TurnIdx] : 0;
   }
 }

src/book.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 
 #include "move.h"
 #include "position.h"
+#include "rkiss.h"
 
 
 ////
@@ -53,12 +54,15 @@ struct BookEntry {
 };
 
 class Book : private std::ifstream {
+  Book(const Book&); // just decleared..
+  Book& operator=(const Book&); // ..to avoid a warning
 public:
+  Book();
   ~Book();
   void open(const std::string& fName);
   void close();
-  const std::string file_name() const;
+  const std::string file_name();
-  Move get_move(const Position& pos);
+  Move get_move(const Position& pos, bool findBestMove);
 
 private:
   Book& operator>>(uint64_t& n) { n = read_integer(8); return *this; }
@@ -71,14 +75,7 @@ private:
 
   std::string fileName;
   int bookSize;
+  RKISS RKiss;
 };
 
-
-////
-//// Global variables
-////
-
-extern Book OpeningBook;
-
-
 #endif // !defined(BOOK_H_INCLUDED)

src/color.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 #if !defined(COLOR_H_INCLUDED)
 #define COLOR_H_INCLUDED
 
+#include "types.h"
 
 ////
 //// Types
@@ -32,13 +33,18 @@ enum Color {
   COLOR_NONE
 };
 
+enum SquareColor {
+  DARK,
+  LIGHT
+};
+
+ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(Color)
+
 
 ////
 //// Inline functions
 ////
 
-inline void operator++ (Color &c, int) { c = Color(int(c) + 1); }
-
 inline Color opposite_color(Color c) {
   return Color(int(c) ^ 1);
 }

src/depth.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -21,39 +21,23 @@
 #if !defined(DEPTH_H_INCLUDED)
 #define DEPTH_H_INCLUDED
 
+#include "types.h"
+
 ////
 //// Types
 ////
 
 enum Depth {
-  DEPTH_ZERO = 0,
+
-  DEPTH_MAX = 200  // 100 * OnePly;
+  ONE_PLY = 2,
+
+  DEPTH_ZERO         =  0 * ONE_PLY,
+  DEPTH_QS_CHECKS    = -1 * ONE_PLY,
+  DEPTH_QS_NO_CHECKS = -2 * ONE_PLY,
+
+  DEPTH_NONE = -127 * ONE_PLY
 };
 
-
+ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(Depth)
-////
-//// Constants
-////
-
-const Depth OnePly = Depth(2);
-
-
-////
-//// Inline functions
-////
-
-inline Depth operator+ (Depth d, int i) { return Depth(int(d) + i); }
-inline Depth operator+ (Depth d1, Depth d2) { return Depth(int(d1) + int(d2)); }
-inline void operator+= (Depth &d, int i) { d = Depth(int(d) + i); }
-inline void operator+= (Depth &d1, Depth d2) { d1 += int(d2); }
-inline Depth operator- (Depth d, int i) { return Depth(int(d) - i); }
-inline Depth operator- (Depth d1, Depth d2) { return Depth(int(d1) - int(d2)); }
-inline void operator-= (Depth & d, int i) { d = Depth(int(d) - i); }
-inline Depth operator* (Depth d, int i) { return Depth(int(d) * i); }
-inline Depth operator* (int i, Depth d) { return Depth(int(d) * i); }
-inline void operator*= (Depth &d, int i) { d = Depth(int(d) * i); }
-inline Depth operator/ (Depth d, int i) { return Depth(int(d) / i); }
-inline void operator/= (Depth &d, int i) { d = Depth(int(d) / i); }
-
 
 #endif // !defined(DEPTH_H_INCLUDED)

src/direction.cpp

@@ -1,87 +0,0 @@
-/*
-  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
-  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
-
-  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-  (at your option) any later version.
-
-  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-  GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-*/
-
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
-#include "direction.h"
-#include "square.h"
-
-
-////
-//// Local definitions
-////
-
-namespace {
-
-  const SquareDelta directionToDelta[] = {
-      DELTA_E, DELTA_W, DELTA_N, DELTA_S, DELTA_NE, DELTA_SW, DELTA_NW, DELTA_SE
-  };
-
-  bool reachable(Square orig, Square dest, SignedDirection dir) {
-
-    SquareDelta delta = directionToDelta[dir];
-    Square from = orig;
-    Square to = from + delta;
-    while (to != dest && square_distance(to, from) == 1 && square_is_ok(to))
-    {
-        from = to;
-        to += delta;
-    }
-    return (to == dest && square_distance(from, to) == 1);
-  }
-
-}
-
-
-////
-//// Variables
-////
-
-uint8_t DirectionTable[64][64];
-uint8_t SignedDirectionTable[64][64];
-
-
-////
-//// Functions
-////
-
-void init_direction_table() {
-
-  for (Square s1 = SQ_A1; s1 <= SQ_H8; s1++)
-      for (Square s2 = SQ_A1; s2 <= SQ_H8; s2++)
-      {
-          DirectionTable[s1][s2] = uint8_t(DIR_NONE);
-          SignedDirectionTable[s1][s2] = uint8_t(SIGNED_DIR_NONE);
-          if (s1 == s2)
-              continue;
-
-          for (SignedDirection d = SIGNED_DIR_E; d != SIGNED_DIR_NONE; d++)
-          {
-              if (reachable(s1, s2, d))
-              {
-                  SignedDirectionTable[s1][s2] = uint8_t(d);
-                  DirectionTable[s1][s2] = uint8_t(d / 2);
-                  break;
-              }
-          }
-      }
-}

src/direction.h

@@ -1,92 +0,0 @@
-/*
-  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
-  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
-
-  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-  (at your option) any later version.
-
-  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-  GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-*/
-
-
-#if !defined(DIRECTION_H_INCLUDED)
-#define DIRECTION_H_INCLUDED
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
-#include "square.h"
-#include "types.h"
-
-
-////
-//// Types
-////
-
-enum Direction {
-  DIR_E = 0, DIR_N = 1, DIR_NE = 2, DIR_NW = 3, DIR_NONE = 4
-};
-
-enum SignedDirection {
-  SIGNED_DIR_E  = 0, SIGNED_DIR_W  = 1,
-  SIGNED_DIR_N  = 2, SIGNED_DIR_S  = 3,
-  SIGNED_DIR_NE = 4, SIGNED_DIR_SW = 5,
-  SIGNED_DIR_NW = 6, SIGNED_DIR_SE = 7,
-  SIGNED_DIR_NONE = 8
-};
-
-
-////
-//// Variables
-////
-
-extern uint8_t DirectionTable[64][64];
-extern uint8_t SignedDirectionTable[64][64];
-
-
-////
-//// Inline functions
-////
-
-inline void operator++ (Direction& d, int) {
-  d = Direction(int(d) + 1);
-}
-
-inline void operator++ (SignedDirection& d, int) {
-  d = SignedDirection(int(d) + 1);
-}
-
-inline Direction direction_between_squares(Square s1, Square s2) {
-  return Direction(DirectionTable[s1][s2]);
-}
-
-inline SignedDirection signed_direction_between_squares(Square s1, Square s2) {
-  return SignedDirection(SignedDirectionTable[s1][s2]);
-}
-
-inline int direction_is_diagonal(Square s1, Square s2) {
-  return DirectionTable[s1][s2] & 2;
-}
-
-inline bool direction_is_straight(Square s1, Square s2) {
-  return DirectionTable[s1][s2] < 2;
-}
-
-////
-//// Prototypes
-////
-
-extern void init_direction_table();
-
-
-#endif // !defined(DIRECTION_H_INCLUDED)

src/endgame.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@
 
 #include <cassert>
 
-#include "bitbase.h"
 #include "bitcount.h"
 #include "endgame.h"
 
@@ -65,13 +64,13 @@ namespace {
   // the two kings in basic endgames.
   const int DistanceBonus[8] = { 0, 0, 100, 80, 60, 40, 20, 10 };
 
-  // Bitbase for KP vs K
-  uint8_t KPKBitbase[24576];
-
   // Penalty for big distance between king and knight for the defending king
   // and knight in KR vs KN endgames.
   const int KRKNKingKnightDistancePenalty[8] = { 0, 0, 4, 10, 20, 32, 48, 70 };
 
+  // Bitbase for KP vs K
+  uint8_t KPKBitbase[24576];
+
   // Various inline functions for accessing the above arrays
   inline Value mate_table(Square s) {
     return Value(MateTable[s]);
@@ -99,15 +98,25 @@ namespace {
 //// Functions
 ////
 
+/// init_bitbases() is called during program initialization, and simply loads
+/// bitbases from disk into memory.  At the moment, there is only the bitbase
+/// for KP vs K, but we may decide to add other bitbases later.
+extern void generate_kpk_bitbase(uint8_t bitbase[]);
+
+void init_bitbases() {
+  generate_kpk_bitbase(KPKBitbase);
+}
+
+
 /// Mate with KX vs K. This function is used to evaluate positions with
 /// King and plenty of material vs a lone king. It simply gives the
 /// attacking side a bonus for driving the defending king towards the edge
 /// of the board, and for keeping the distance between the two kings small.
 template<>
-Value EvaluationFunction<KXK>::apply(const Position& pos) {
+Value EvaluationFunction<KXK>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
-  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(weakerSide) == Value(0));
+  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(weakerSide) == VALUE_ZERO);
-  assert(pos.piece_count(weakerSide, PAWN) == Value(0));
+  assert(pos.piece_count(weakerSide, PAWN) == VALUE_ZERO);
 
   Square winnerKSq = pos.king_square(strongerSide);
   Square loserKSq = pos.king_square(weakerSide);
@@ -117,23 +126,23 @@ Value EvaluationFunction<KXK>::apply(const Position& pos) {
                  + mate_table(loserKSq)
                  + distance_bonus(square_distance(winnerKSq, loserKSq));
 
-  if (   pos.piece_count(strongerSide, QUEEN) > 0
+  if (   pos.piece_count(strongerSide, QUEEN)
-      || pos.piece_count(strongerSide, ROOK) > 0
+      || pos.piece_count(strongerSide, ROOK)
       || pos.piece_count(strongerSide, BISHOP) > 1)
       // TODO: check for two equal-colored bishops!
       result += VALUE_KNOWN_WIN;
 
-  return (strongerSide == pos.side_to_move() ? result : -result);
+  return strongerSide == pos.side_to_move() ? result : -result;
 }
 
 
 /// Mate with KBN vs K. This is similar to KX vs K, but we have to drive the
 /// defending king towards a corner square of the right color.
 template<>
-Value EvaluationFunction<KBNK>::apply(const Position& pos) {
+Value EvaluationFunction<KBNK>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
-  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(weakerSide) == Value(0));
+  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(weakerSide) == VALUE_ZERO);
-  assert(pos.piece_count(weakerSide, PAWN) == Value(0));
+  assert(pos.piece_count(weakerSide, PAWN) == VALUE_ZERO);
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == KnightValueMidgame + BishopValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, BISHOP) == 1);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, KNIGHT) == 1);
@@ -143,7 +152,10 @@ Value EvaluationFunction<KBNK>::apply(const Position& pos) {
   Square loserKSq = pos.king_square(weakerSide);
   Square bishopSquare = pos.piece_list(strongerSide, BISHOP, 0);
 
-  if (square_color(bishopSquare) == BLACK)
+  // kbnk_mate_table() tries to drive toward corners A1 or H8,
+  // if we have a bishop that cannot reach the above squares we
+  // mirror the kings so to drive enemy toward corners A8 or H1.
+  if (!same_color_squares(bishopSquare, SQ_A1))
   {
       winnerKSq = flop_square(winnerKSq);
       loserKSq = flop_square(loserKSq);
@@ -153,16 +165,16 @@ Value EvaluationFunction<KBNK>::apply(const Position& pos) {
                 + distance_bonus(square_distance(winnerKSq, loserKSq))
                 + kbnk_mate_table(loserKSq);
 
-  return (strongerSide == pos.side_to_move() ? result : -result);
+  return strongerSide == pos.side_to_move() ? result : -result;
 }
 
 
 /// KP vs K. This endgame is evaluated with the help of a bitbase.
 template<>
-Value EvaluationFunction<KPK>::apply(const Position& pos) {
+Value EvaluationFunction<KPK>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
-  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == Value(0));
+  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == VALUE_ZERO);
-  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(weakerSide) == Value(0));
+  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(weakerSide) == VALUE_ZERO);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, PAWN) == 1);
   assert(pos.piece_count(weakerSide, PAWN) == 0);
 
@@ -186,9 +198,9 @@ Value EvaluationFunction<KPK>::apply(const Position& pos) {
 
   if (square_file(wpsq) >= FILE_E)
   {
-    wksq = flop_square(wksq);
+      wksq = flop_square(wksq);
-    bksq = flop_square(bksq);
+      bksq = flop_square(bksq);
-    wpsq = flop_square(wpsq);
+      wpsq = flop_square(wpsq);
   }
 
   if (!probe_kpk(wksq, wpsq, bksq, stm))
@@ -198,7 +210,7 @@ Value EvaluationFunction<KPK>::apply(const Position& pos) {
                 + PawnValueEndgame
                 + Value(square_rank(wpsq));
 
-  return (strongerSide == pos.side_to_move() ? result : -result);
+  return strongerSide == pos.side_to_move() ? result : -result;
 }
 
 
@@ -207,7 +219,7 @@ Value EvaluationFunction<KPK>::apply(const Position& pos) {
 /// far advanced with support of the king, while the attacking king is far
 /// away.
 template<>
-Value EvaluationFunction<KRKP>::apply(const Position& pos) {
+Value EvaluationFunction<KRKP>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == RookValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, PAWN) == 0);
@@ -239,7 +251,7 @@ Value EvaluationFunction<KRKP>::apply(const Position& pos) {
 
   // If the weaker side's king is too far from the pawn and the rook,
   // it's a win
-  else if (   square_distance(bksq, bpsq) - (tempo^1) >= 3
+  else if (   square_distance(bksq, bpsq) - (tempo ^ 1) >= 3
            && square_distance(bksq, wrsq) >= 3)
       result = RookValueEndgame - Value(square_distance(wksq, bpsq));
 
@@ -257,14 +269,14 @@ Value EvaluationFunction<KRKP>::apply(const Position& pos) {
               + Value(square_distance(bksq, bpsq + DELTA_S) * 8)
               + Value(square_distance(bpsq, queeningSq) * 8);
 
-  return (strongerSide == pos.side_to_move() ? result : -result);
+  return strongerSide == pos.side_to_move() ? result : -result;
 }
 
 
 /// KR vs KB. This is very simple, and always returns drawish scores.  The
 /// score is slightly bigger when the defending king is close to the edge.
 template<>
-Value EvaluationFunction<KRKB>::apply(const Position& pos) {
+Value EvaluationFunction<KRKB>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == RookValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, PAWN) == 0);
@@ -273,14 +285,14 @@ Value EvaluationFunction<KRKB>::apply(const Position& pos) {
   assert(pos.piece_count(weakerSide, BISHOP) == 1);
 
   Value result = mate_table(pos.king_square(weakerSide));
-  return (pos.side_to_move() == strongerSide ? result : -result);
+  return strongerSide == pos.side_to_move() ? result : -result;
 }
 
 
 /// KR vs KN.  The attacking side has slightly better winning chances than
 /// in KR vs KB, particularly if the king and the knight are far apart.
 template<>
-Value EvaluationFunction<KRKN>::apply(const Position& pos) {
+Value EvaluationFunction<KRKN>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == RookValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, PAWN) == 0);
@@ -291,10 +303,12 @@ Value EvaluationFunction<KRKN>::apply(const Position& pos) {
   Square defendingKSq = pos.king_square(weakerSide);
   Square nSq = pos.piece_list(weakerSide, KNIGHT, 0);
 
-  Value result = Value(10) + mate_table(defendingKSq) +
+  int d = square_distance(defendingKSq, nSq);
-    krkn_king_knight_distance_penalty(square_distance(defendingKSq, nSq));
+  Value result =   Value(10)
+                 + mate_table(defendingKSq)
+                 + krkn_king_knight_distance_penalty(d);
 
-  return (strongerSide == pos.side_to_move())? result : -result;
+  return strongerSide == pos.side_to_move() ? result : -result;
 }
 
 
@@ -304,7 +318,7 @@ Value EvaluationFunction<KRKN>::apply(const Position& pos) {
 /// for the defending side in the search, this is usually sufficient to be
 /// able to win KQ vs KR.
 template<>
-Value EvaluationFunction<KQKR>::apply(const Position& pos) {
+Value EvaluationFunction<KQKR>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == QueenValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, PAWN) == 0);
@@ -319,11 +333,11 @@ Value EvaluationFunction<KQKR>::apply(const Position& pos) {
                 + mate_table(loserKSq)
                 + distance_bonus(square_distance(winnerKSq, loserKSq));
 
-  return (strongerSide == pos.side_to_move())? result : -result;
+  return strongerSide == pos.side_to_move() ? result : -result;
 }
 
 template<>
-Value EvaluationFunction<KBBKN>::apply(const Position& pos) {
+Value EvaluationFunction<KBBKN>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, BISHOP) == 2);
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == 2*BishopValueMidgame);
@@ -343,31 +357,31 @@ Value EvaluationFunction<KBBKN>::apply(const Position& pos) {
   result += Value(square_distance(bksq, nsq) * 32);
 
   // Bonus for restricting the knight's mobility
-  result += Value((8 - count_1s_max_15(pos.attacks_from<KNIGHT>(nsq))) * 8);
+  result += Value((8 - count_1s<CNT32_MAX15>(pos.attacks_from<KNIGHT>(nsq))) * 8);
 
-  return (strongerSide == pos.side_to_move() ? result : -result);
+  return strongerSide == pos.side_to_move() ? result : -result;
 }
 
 
 /// K and two minors vs K and one or two minors or K and two knights against
 /// king alone are always draw.
 template<>
-Value EvaluationFunction<KmmKm>::apply(const Position&) {
+Value EvaluationFunction<KmmKm>::apply(const Position&) const {
-  return Value(0);
+  return VALUE_DRAW;
 }
 
 template<>
-Value EvaluationFunction<KNNK>::apply(const Position&) {
+Value EvaluationFunction<KNNK>::apply(const Position&) const {
-  return Value(0);
+  return VALUE_DRAW;
 }
 
 /// KBPKScalingFunction scales endgames where the stronger side has king,
 /// bishop and one or more pawns. It checks for draws with rook pawns and a
-/// bishop of the wrong color. If such a draw is detected, ScaleFactor(0) is
+/// bishop of the wrong color. If such a draw is detected, SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO is
 /// returned. If not, the return value is SCALE_FACTOR_NONE, i.e. no scaling
 /// will be used.
 template<>
-ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPsK>::apply(const Position& pos) {
+ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPsK>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == BishopValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, BISHOP) == 1);
@@ -387,7 +401,7 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPsK>::apply(const Position& pos) {
       Square queeningSq = relative_square(strongerSide, make_square(pawnFile, RANK_8));
       Square kingSq = pos.king_square(weakerSide);
 
-      if (   square_color(queeningSq) != square_color(bishopSq)
+      if (  !same_color_squares(queeningSq, bishopSq)
           && file_distance(square_file(kingSq), pawnFile) <= 1)
       {
           // The bishop has the wrong color, and the defending king is on the
@@ -401,15 +415,15 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPsK>::apply(const Position& pos) {
           }
           else
           {
-              for(rank = RANK_2; (rank_bb(rank) & pawns) == EmptyBoardBB; rank++) {}
+              for (rank = RANK_2; (rank_bb(rank) & pawns) == EmptyBoardBB; rank++) {}
-              rank = Rank(rank^7);  // HACK to get the relative rank
+              rank = Rank(rank ^ 7);  // HACK to get the relative rank
               assert(rank >= RANK_2 && rank <= RANK_7);
           }
           // If the defending king has distance 1 to the promotion square or
           // is placed somewhere in front of the pawn, it's a draw.
           if (   square_distance(kingSq, queeningSq) <= 1
               || relative_rank(strongerSide, kingSq) >= rank)
-              return ScaleFactor(0);
+              return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
       }
   }
   return SCALE_FACTOR_NONE;
@@ -421,7 +435,7 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPsK>::apply(const Position& pos) {
 /// It tests for fortress draws with a rook on the third rank defended by
 /// a pawn.
 template<>
-ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KQKRPs>::apply(const Position& pos) {
+ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KQKRPs>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == QueenValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, QUEEN) == 1);
@@ -438,7 +452,7 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KQKRPs>::apply(const Position& pos) {
   {
       Square rsq = pos.piece_list(weakerSide, ROOK, 0);
       if (pos.attacks_from<PAWN>(rsq, strongerSide) & pos.pieces(PAWN, weakerSide))
-          return ScaleFactor(0);
+          return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
   }
   return SCALE_FACTOR_NONE;
 }
@@ -452,7 +466,7 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KQKRPs>::apply(const Position& pos) {
 /// It would also be nice to rewrite the actual code for this function,
 /// which is mostly copied from Glaurung 1.x, and not very pretty.
 template<>
-ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KRPKR>::apply(const Position &pos) {
+ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KRPKR>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == RookValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, PAWN) == 1);
@@ -495,7 +509,7 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KRPKR>::apply(const Position &pos) {
       && square_distance(bksq, queeningSq) <= 1
       && wksq <= SQ_H5
       && (square_rank(brsq) == RANK_6 || (r <= RANK_3 && square_rank(wrsq) != RANK_6)))
-      return ScaleFactor(0);
+      return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
 
   // The defending side saves a draw by checking from behind in case the pawn
   // has advanced to the 6th rank with the king behind.
@@ -503,13 +517,13 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KRPKR>::apply(const Position &pos) {
       && square_distance(bksq, queeningSq) <= 1
       && square_rank(wksq) + tempo <= RANK_6
       && (square_rank(brsq) == RANK_1 || (!tempo && abs(square_file(brsq) - f) >= 3)))
-      return ScaleFactor(0);
+      return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
 
   if (   r >= RANK_6
       && bksq == queeningSq
       && square_rank(brsq) == RANK_1
       && (!tempo || square_distance(wksq, wpsq) >= 2))
-      return ScaleFactor(0);
+      return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
 
   // White pawn on a7 and rook on a8 is a draw if black's king is on g7 or h7
   // and the black rook is behind the pawn.
@@ -518,7 +532,7 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KRPKR>::apply(const Position &pos) {
       && (bksq == SQ_H7 || bksq == SQ_G7)
       && square_file(brsq) == FILE_A
       && (square_rank(brsq) <= RANK_3 || square_file(wksq) >= FILE_D || square_rank(wksq) <= RANK_5))
-      return ScaleFactor(0);
+      return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
 
   // If the defending king blocks the pawn and the attacking king is too far
   // away, it's a draw.
@@ -526,7 +540,7 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KRPKR>::apply(const Position &pos) {
       && bksq == wpsq + DELTA_N
       && square_distance(wksq, wpsq) - tempo >= 2
       && square_distance(wksq, brsq) - tempo >= 2)
-      return ScaleFactor(0);
+      return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
 
   // Pawn on the 7th rank supported by the rook from behind usually wins if the
   // attacking king is closer to the queening square than the defending king,
@@ -549,8 +563,8 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KRPKR>::apply(const Position &pos) {
           || (    square_distance(wksq, queeningSq) < square_distance(bksq, wrsq) + tempo
               && (square_distance(wksq, wpsq + DELTA_N) < square_distance(bksq, wrsq) + tempo))))
       return ScaleFactor(  SCALE_FACTOR_MAX
-                         - (8 * square_distance(wpsq, queeningSq)
+                         - 8 * square_distance(wpsq, queeningSq)
-                         + 2 * square_distance(wksq, queeningSq)));
+                         - 2 * square_distance(wksq, queeningSq));
 
   // If the pawn is not far advanced, and the defending king is somewhere in
   // the pawn's path, it's probably a draw.
@@ -570,7 +584,7 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KRPKR>::apply(const Position &pos) {
 /// single pattern: If the stronger side has no pawns and the defending king
 /// is actively placed, the position is drawish.
 template<>
-ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KRPPKRP>::apply(const Position &pos) {
+ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KRPPKRP>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == RookValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, PAWN) == 2);
@@ -609,43 +623,35 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KRPPKRP>::apply(const Position &pos) {
 /// against king. There is just a single rule here: If all pawns are on
 /// the same rook file and are blocked by the defending king, it's a draw.
 template<>
-ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KPsK>::apply(const Position &pos) {
+ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KPsK>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
-  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == Value(0));
+  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == VALUE_ZERO);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, PAWN) >= 2);
-  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(weakerSide) == Value(0));
+  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(weakerSide) == VALUE_ZERO);
   assert(pos.piece_count(weakerSide, PAWN) == 0);
 
+  Square ksq = pos.king_square(weakerSide);
   Bitboard pawns = pos.pieces(PAWN, strongerSide);
 
   // Are all pawns on the 'a' file?
   if ((pawns & ~FileABB) == EmptyBoardBB)
   {
       // Does the defending king block the pawns?
-      Square ksq = pos.king_square(weakerSide);
+      if (   square_distance(ksq, relative_square(strongerSide, SQ_A8)) <= 1
-      if (square_distance(ksq, relative_square(strongerSide, SQ_A8)) <= 1)
+          || (   square_file(ksq) == FILE_A
-          return ScaleFactor(0);
+              && (in_front_bb(strongerSide, ksq) & pawns) == EmptyBoardBB))
-      else if(   square_file(ksq) == FILE_A
+          return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
-              && (in_front_bb(strongerSide, ksq) & pawns) == EmptyBoardBB)
-          return ScaleFactor(0);
-      else
-          return SCALE_FACTOR_NONE;
   }
   // Are all pawns on the 'h' file?
   else if ((pawns & ~FileHBB) == EmptyBoardBB)
   {
     // Does the defending king block the pawns?
-    Square ksq = pos.king_square(weakerSide);
+    if (   square_distance(ksq, relative_square(strongerSide, SQ_H8)) <= 1
-    if (square_distance(ksq, relative_square(strongerSide, SQ_H8)) <= 1)
+        || (   square_file(ksq) == FILE_H
-        return ScaleFactor(0);
+            && (in_front_bb(strongerSide, ksq) & pawns) == EmptyBoardBB))
-    else if (   square_file(ksq) == FILE_H
+        return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
-             && (in_front_bb(strongerSide, ksq) & pawns) == EmptyBoardBB)
-        return ScaleFactor(0);
-    else
-        return SCALE_FACTOR_NONE;
   }
-  else
+  return SCALE_FACTOR_NONE;
-      return SCALE_FACTOR_NONE;
 }
 
 
@@ -655,7 +661,7 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KPsK>::apply(const Position &pos) {
 /// it's a draw. If the two bishops have opposite color, it's almost always
 /// a draw.
 template<>
-ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPKB>::apply(const Position &pos) {
+ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPKB>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == BishopValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, BISHOP) == 1);
@@ -672,12 +678,12 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPKB>::apply(const Position &pos) {
   // Case 1: Defending king blocks the pawn, and cannot be driven away
   if (   square_file(weakerKingSq) == square_file(pawnSq)
       && relative_rank(strongerSide, pawnSq) < relative_rank(strongerSide, weakerKingSq)
-      && (   square_color(weakerKingSq) != square_color(strongerBishopSq)
+      && (  !same_color_squares(weakerKingSq, strongerBishopSq)
           || relative_rank(strongerSide, weakerKingSq) <= RANK_6))
-      return ScaleFactor(0);
+      return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
 
   // Case 2: Opposite colored bishops
-  if (square_color(strongerBishopSq) != square_color(weakerBishopSq))
+  if (!same_color_squares(strongerBishopSq, weakerBishopSq))
   {
       // We assume that the position is drawn in the following three situations:
       //
@@ -690,15 +696,17 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPKB>::apply(const Position &pos) {
       // reasonably well.
 
       if (relative_rank(strongerSide, pawnSq) <= RANK_5)
-          return ScaleFactor(0);
+          return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
       else
       {
-          Bitboard ray = ray_bb(pawnSq, (strongerSide == WHITE)? SIGNED_DIR_N : SIGNED_DIR_S);
+          Bitboard path = squares_in_front_of(strongerSide, pawnSq);
-          if (ray & pos.pieces(KING, weakerSide))
+
-              return ScaleFactor(0);
+          if (path & pos.pieces(KING, weakerSide))
-          if(  (pos.attacks_from<BISHOP>(weakerBishopSq) & ray)
+              return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
-             && square_distance(weakerBishopSq, pawnSq) >= 3)
+
-              return ScaleFactor(0);
+          if (  (pos.attacks_from<BISHOP>(weakerBishopSq) & path)
+              && square_distance(weakerBishopSq, pawnSq) >= 3)
+              return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
       }
   }
   return SCALE_FACTOR_NONE;
@@ -708,7 +716,7 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPKB>::apply(const Position &pos) {
 /// KBPPKBScalingFunction scales KBPP vs KB endgames. It detects a few basic
 /// draws with opposite-colored bishops.
 template<>
-ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPPKB>::apply(const Position& pos) {
+ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPPKB>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == BishopValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, BISHOP) == 1);
@@ -720,7 +728,7 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPPKB>::apply(const Position& pos) {
   Square wbsq = pos.piece_list(strongerSide, BISHOP, 0);
   Square bbsq = pos.piece_list(weakerSide, BISHOP, 0);
 
-  if (square_color(wbsq) == square_color(bbsq))
+  if (same_color_squares(wbsq, bbsq))
       // Not opposite-colored bishops, no scaling
       return SCALE_FACTOR_NONE;
 
@@ -749,8 +757,8 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPPKB>::apply(const Position& pos) {
     // some square in the frontmost pawn's path.
     if (   square_file(ksq) == square_file(blockSq1)
         && relative_rank(strongerSide, ksq) >= relative_rank(strongerSide, blockSq1)
-        && square_color(ksq) != square_color(wbsq))
+        && !same_color_squares(ksq, wbsq))
-        return ScaleFactor(0);
+        return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
     else
         return SCALE_FACTOR_NONE;
 
@@ -759,16 +767,17 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPPKB>::apply(const Position& pos) {
     // in front of the frontmost pawn's path, and the square diagonally behind
     // this square on the file of the other pawn.
     if (   ksq == blockSq1
-        && square_color(ksq) != square_color(wbsq)
+        && !same_color_squares(ksq, wbsq)
         && (   bbsq == blockSq2
             || (pos.attacks_from<BISHOP>(blockSq2) & pos.pieces(BISHOP, weakerSide))
             || rank_distance(r1, r2) >= 2))
-        return ScaleFactor(0);
+        return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
+
     else if (   ksq == blockSq2
-             && square_color(ksq) != square_color(wbsq)
+             && !same_color_squares(ksq, wbsq)
              && (   bbsq == blockSq1
                  || (pos.attacks_from<BISHOP>(blockSq1) & pos.pieces(BISHOP, weakerSide))))
-        return ScaleFactor(0);
+        return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
     else
         return SCALE_FACTOR_NONE;
 
@@ -784,7 +793,7 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPPKB>::apply(const Position& pos) {
 /// square of the king is not of the same color as the stronger side's bishop,
 /// it's a draw.
 template<>
-ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPKN>::apply(const Position &pos) {
+ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPKN>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == BishopValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, BISHOP) == 1);
@@ -799,9 +808,9 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPKN>::apply(const Position &pos) {
 
   if (   square_file(weakerKingSq) == square_file(pawnSq)
       && relative_rank(strongerSide, pawnSq) < relative_rank(strongerSide, weakerKingSq)
-      && (   square_color(weakerKingSq) != square_color(strongerBishopSq)
+      && (  !same_color_squares(weakerKingSq, strongerBishopSq)
           || relative_rank(strongerSide, weakerKingSq) <= RANK_6))
-      return ScaleFactor(0);
+      return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
 
   return SCALE_FACTOR_NONE;
 }
@@ -811,12 +820,12 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPKN>::apply(const Position &pos) {
 /// If the pawn is a rook pawn on the 7th rank and the defending king prevents
 /// the pawn from advancing, the position is drawn.
 template<>
-ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KNPK>::apply(const Position &pos) {
+ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KNPK>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == KnightValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, KNIGHT) == 1);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, PAWN) == 1);
-  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(weakerSide) == Value(0));
+  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(weakerSide) == VALUE_ZERO);
   assert(pos.piece_count(weakerSide, PAWN) == 0);
 
   Square pawnSq = pos.piece_list(strongerSide, PAWN, 0);
@@ -824,11 +833,11 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KNPK>::apply(const Position &pos) {
 
   if (   pawnSq == relative_square(strongerSide, SQ_A7)
       && square_distance(weakerKingSq, relative_square(strongerSide, SQ_A8)) <= 1)
-      return ScaleFactor(0);
+      return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
 
   if (   pawnSq == relative_square(strongerSide, SQ_H7)
       && square_distance(weakerKingSq, relative_square(strongerSide, SQ_H8)) <= 1)
-      return ScaleFactor(0);
+      return SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
 
   return SCALE_FACTOR_NONE;
 }
@@ -841,10 +850,10 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KNPK>::apply(const Position &pos) {
 /// advanced and not on a rook file; in this case it is often possible to win
 /// (e.g. 8/4k3/3p4/3P4/6K1/8/8/8 w - - 0 1).
 template<>
-ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KPKP>::apply(const Position &pos) {
+ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KPKP>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
-  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == Value(0));
+  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == VALUE_ZERO);
-  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(weakerSide) == Value(0));
+  assert(pos.non_pawn_material(weakerSide) == VALUE_ZERO);
   assert(pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) == 1);
   assert(pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) == 1);
 
@@ -881,32 +890,21 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KPKP>::apply(const Position &pos) {
 
   // Probe the KPK bitbase with the weakest side's pawn removed. If it's a
   // draw, it's probably at least a draw even with the pawn.
-  if (probe_kpk(wksq, wpsq, bksq, stm))
+  return probe_kpk(wksq, wpsq, bksq, stm) ? SCALE_FACTOR_NONE : SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO;
-      return SCALE_FACTOR_NONE;
-  else
-      return ScaleFactor(0);
-}
-
-
-/// init_bitbases() is called during program initialization, and simply loads
-/// bitbases from disk into memory.  At the moment, there is only the bitbase
-/// for KP vs K, but we may decide to add other bitbases later.
-
-void init_bitbases() {
-  generate_kpk_bitbase(KPKBitbase);
 }
 
 
 namespace {
 
-  // Probe the KP vs K bitbase:
+  // Probe the KP vs K bitbase
 
   int probe_kpk(Square wksq, Square wpsq, Square bksq, Color stm) {
 
-    int wp = int(square_file(wpsq)) + (int(square_rank(wpsq)) - 1) * 4;
+    int wp = square_file(wpsq) + 4 * (square_rank(wpsq) - 1);
-    int index = int(stm) + 2*int(bksq) + 128*int(wksq) + 8192*wp;
+    int index = int(stm) + 2 * bksq + 128 * wksq + 8192 * wp;
 
-    assert(index >= 0 && index < 24576*8);
+    assert(index >= 0 && index < 24576 * 8);
-    return KPKBitbase[index/8] & (1 << (index&7));
+
+    return KPKBitbase[index / 8] & (1 << (index & 7));
   }
 }

src/endgame.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@
 ////
 
 #include "position.h"
-#include "scale.h"
 #include "value.h"
 
 
@@ -68,7 +67,7 @@ class EndgameFunctionBase {
 public:
   EndgameFunctionBase(Color c) : strongerSide(c), weakerSide(opposite_color(c)) {}
   virtual ~EndgameFunctionBase() {}
-  virtual T apply(const Position&) = 0;
+  virtual T apply(const Position&) const = 0;
   Color color() const { return strongerSide; }
 
 protected:
@@ -85,14 +84,14 @@ template<EndgameType>
 struct EvaluationFunction : public EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase {
   typedef EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase Base;
   explicit EvaluationFunction(Color c): EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase(c) {}
-  Value apply(const Position&);
+  Value apply(const Position&) const;
 };
 
 template<EndgameType>
 struct ScalingFunction : public EndgameScalingFunctionBase {
   typedef EndgameScalingFunctionBase Base;
   explicit ScalingFunction(Color c) : EndgameScalingFunctionBase(c) {}
-  ScaleFactor apply(const Position&);
+  ScaleFactor apply(const Position&) const;
 };
 
 
@@ -102,5 +101,4 @@ struct ScalingFunction : public EndgameScalingFunctionBase {
 
 extern void init_bitbases();
 
-
 #endif // !defined(ENDGAME_H_INCLUDED)

src/evaluate.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -21,91 +21,14 @@
 #if !defined(EVALUATE_H_INCLUDED)
 #define EVALUATE_H_INCLUDED
 
-////
+#include "color.h"
-//// Includes
+#include "value.h"
-////
 
-#include "material.h"
-#include "pawns.h"
-
-
-////
-//// Types
-////
-
-
-/// The EvalInfo struct contains various information computed and collected
-/// by the evaluation function. An EvalInfo object is passed as one of the
-/// arguments to the evaluation function, and the search can make use of its
-/// contents to make intelligent search decisions.
-///
-/// At the moment, this is not utilized very much: The only part of the
-/// EvalInfo object which is used by the search is futilityMargin.
 class Position;
 
-struct EvalInfo {
+extern Value evaluate(const Position& pos, Value& margin);
-
-  // Middle game and endgame evaluations
-  Value mgValue, egValue;
-
-  // Pointers to material and pawn hash table entries
-  MaterialInfo* mi;
-  PawnInfo* pi;
-
-  // attackedBy[color][piece type] is a bitboard representing all squares
-  // attacked by a given color and piece type, attackedBy[color][0] contains
-  // all squares attacked by the given color.
-  Bitboard attackedBy[2][8];
-  Bitboard attacked_by(Color c) const { return attackedBy[c][0]; }
-  Bitboard attacked_by(Color c, PieceType pt) const { return attackedBy[c][pt]; }
-
-  // kingZone[color] is the zone around the enemy king which is considered
-  // by the king safety evaluation. This consists of the squares directly
-  // adjacent to the king, and the three (or two, for a king on an edge file)
-  // squares two ranks in front of the king. For instance, if black's king
-  // is on g8, kingZone[WHITE] is a bitboard containing the squares f8, h8,
-  // f7, g7, h7, f6, g6 and h6.
-  Bitboard kingZone[2];
-
-  // kingAttackersCount[color] is the number of pieces of the given color
-  // which attack a square in the kingZone of the enemy king.
-  int kingAttackersCount[2];
-
-  // kingAttackersWeight[color] is the sum of the "weight" of the pieces of the
-  // given color which attack a square in the kingZone of the enemy king. The
-  // weights of the individual piece types are given by the variables
-  // QueenAttackWeight, RookAttackWeight, BishopAttackWeight and
-  // KnightAttackWeight in evaluate.cpp
-  int kingAttackersWeight[2];
-
-  // kingAdjacentZoneAttacksCount[color] is the number of attacks to squares
-  // directly adjacent to the king of the given color. Pieces which attack
-  // more than one square are counted multiple times. For instance, if black's
-  // king is on g8 and there's a white knight on g5, this knight adds
-  // 2 to kingAdjacentZoneAttacksCount[BLACK].
-  int kingAdjacentZoneAttacksCount[2];
-
-  // mateThreat[color] is a move for the given side which gives a direct mate.
-  Move mateThreat[2];
-
-  // Middle game and endgame mobility scores.
-  Value mgMobility, egMobility;
-
-  // Extra futility margin. This is added to the standard futility margin
-  // in the quiescence search.
-  Value futilityMargin;
-};
-
-
-////
-//// Prototypes
-////
-
-extern Value evaluate(const Position& pos, EvalInfo& ei, int threadID);
-extern Value quick_evaluate(const Position& pos);
 extern void init_eval(int threads);
 extern void quit_eval();
-extern void read_weights(Color sideToMove);
+extern void read_evaluation_uci_options(Color sideToMove);
-
 
 #endif // !defined(EVALUATE_H_INCLUDED)

src/history.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -41,9 +41,8 @@ History::History() { clear(); }
 /// History::clear() clears the history tables
 
 void History::clear() {
-  memset(history, 0, 2 * 8 * 64 * sizeof(int));
+  memset(history, 0, 16 * 64 * sizeof(int));
-  memset(successCount, 0, 2 * 8 * 64 * sizeof(int));
+  memset(maxStaticValueDelta, 0, 16 * 64 * sizeof(int));
-  memset(failureCount, 0, 2 * 8 * 64 * sizeof(int));
 }
 
 
@@ -58,13 +57,12 @@ void History::success(Piece p, Square to, Depth d) {
   assert(square_is_ok(to));
 
   history[p][to] += int(d) * int(d);
-  successCount[p][to]++;
 
   // Prevent history overflow
   if (history[p][to] >= HistoryMax)
       for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++)
           for (int j = 0; j < 64; j++)
-              history[i][j] /= 4;
+              history[i][j] /= 2;
 }
 
 
@@ -72,34 +70,29 @@ void History::success(Piece p, Square to, Depth d) {
 /// called for each non-capturing move which failed to produce a beta cutoff
 /// at a node where a beta cutoff was finally found.
 
-void History::failure(Piece p, Square to) {
+void History::failure(Piece p, Square to, Depth d) {
 
   assert(piece_is_ok(p));
   assert(square_is_ok(to));
 
-  failureCount[p][to]++;
+  history[p][to] -= int(d) * int(d);
+
+  // Prevent history underflow
+  if (history[p][to] <= -HistoryMax)
+      for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++)
+          for (int j = 0; j < 64; j++)
+              history[i][j] /= 2;
 }
 
 
-/// History::move_ordering_score() returns an integer value used to order the
+/// History::set_gain() and History::gain() store and retrieve the
-/// non-capturing moves in the MovePicker class.
+/// gain of a move given the delta of the static position evaluations
+/// before and after the move.
 
-int History::move_ordering_score(Piece p, Square to) const {
+void History::set_gain(Piece p, Square to, Value delta) {
 
-  assert(piece_is_ok(p));
+  if (delta >= maxStaticValueDelta[p][to])
-  assert(square_is_ok(to));
+      maxStaticValueDelta[p][to] = delta;
-
+  else
-  return history[p][to];
+      maxStaticValueDelta[p][to]--;
-}
-
-
-/// History::ok_to_prune() decides whether a move has been sufficiently
-/// unsuccessful that it makes sense to prune it entirely.
-
-bool History::ok_to_prune(Piece p, Square to, Depth d) const {
-
-  assert(piece_is_ok(p));
-  assert(square_is_ok(to));
-
-  return (int(d) * successCount[p][to] < failureCount[p][to]);
 }

src/history.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include "depth.h"
 #include "move.h"
 #include "piece.h"
+#include "value.h"
 
 
 ////
@@ -47,14 +48,14 @@ public:
   History();
   void clear();
   void success(Piece p, Square to, Depth d);
-  void failure(Piece p, Square to);
+  void failure(Piece p, Square to, Depth d);
-  int move_ordering_score(Piece p, Square to) const;
+  int value(Piece p, Square to) const;
-  bool ok_to_prune(Piece p, Square to, Depth d) const;
+  void set_gain(Piece p, Square to, Value delta);
+  Value gain(Piece p, Square to) const;
 
 private:
   int history[16][64];  // [piece][square]
-  int successCount[16][64];
+  int maxStaticValueDelta[16][64];  // [piece][from_square][to_square]
-  int failureCount[16][64];
 };
 
 
@@ -70,7 +71,19 @@ private:
 /// recently have a bigger importance for move ordering than the moves which
 /// have been searched a long time ago.
 
-const int HistoryMax = 25000 * OnePly;
+const int HistoryMax = 50000 * ONE_PLY;
 
 
+////
+//// Inline functions
+////
+
+inline int History::value(Piece p, Square to) const {
+  return history[p][to];
+}
+
+inline Value History::gain(Piece p, Square to) const {
+  return Value(maxStaticValueDelta[p][to]);
+}
+
 #endif // !defined(HISTORY_H_INCLUDED)

src/lock.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -22,67 +22,21 @@
 #define LOCK_H_INCLUDED
 
 
-// x86 assembly language locks or OS spin locks may perform faster than
+#if !defined(_MSC_VER)
-// mutex locks on some platforms. On my machine, mutexes seem to be the
-// best.
-
-//#define ASM_LOCK
-//#define OS_SPIN_LOCK
-
-
-#if defined(ASM_LOCK)
-
-
-typedef volatile int Lock;
-
-static inline void LockX86(Lock *lock) {
-  int dummy;
-  asm __volatile__("1:          movl    $1, %0" "\n\t"
-      "            xchgl   (%1), %0" "\n\t" "            testl   %0, %0" "\n\t"
-      "            jz      3f" "\n\t" "2:          pause" "\n\t"
-      "            movl    (%1), %0" "\n\t" "            testl   %0, %0" "\n\t"
-      "            jnz     2b" "\n\t" "            jmp     1b" "\n\t" "3:"
-      "\n\t":"=&q"(dummy)
-      :"q"(lock)
-      :"cc");
-}
-
-static inline void UnlockX86(Lock *lock) {
-  int dummy;
-  asm __volatile__("movl    $0, (%1)":"=&q"(dummy)
-      :"q"(lock));
-}
-
-#  define lock_init(x, y) (*(x) = 0)
-#  define lock_grab(x) LockX86(x)
-#  define lock_release(x) UnlockX86(x)
-#  define lock_destroy(x)
-
-
-#elif defined(OS_SPIN_LOCK)
-
-
-#  include <libkern/OSAtomic.h>
-
-typedef OSSpinLock Lock;
-
-#  define lock_init(x, y) (*(x) = 0)
-#  define lock_grab(x) OSSpinLockLock(x)
-#  define lock_release(x) OSSpinLockUnlock(x)
-#  define lock_destroy(x)
-
-
-#elif !defined(_MSC_VER)
 
 #  include <pthread.h>
 
 typedef pthread_mutex_t Lock;
+typedef pthread_cond_t WaitCondition;
 
-#  define lock_init(x, y) pthread_mutex_init(x, y)
+#  define lock_init(x) pthread_mutex_init(x, NULL)
 #  define lock_grab(x) pthread_mutex_lock(x)
 #  define lock_release(x) pthread_mutex_unlock(x)
 #  define lock_destroy(x) pthread_mutex_destroy(x)
-
+#  define cond_destroy(x) pthread_cond_destroy(x)
+#  define cond_init(x) pthread_cond_init(x, NULL)
+#  define cond_signal(x) pthread_cond_signal(x)
+#  define cond_wait(x,y) pthread_cond_wait(x,y)
 
 #else
 
@@ -90,14 +44,38 @@ typedef pthread_mutex_t Lock;
 #include <windows.h>
 #undef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
 
+// Default fast and race free locks and condition variables
+#if !defined(OLD_LOCKS)
+
+typedef SRWLOCK Lock;
+typedef CONDITION_VARIABLE WaitCondition;
+
+#  define lock_init(x) InitializeSRWLock(x)
+#  define lock_grab(x) AcquireSRWLockExclusive(x)
+#  define lock_release(x) ReleaseSRWLockExclusive(x)
+#  define lock_destroy(x) (x)
+#  define cond_destroy(x) (x)
+#  define cond_init(x) InitializeConditionVariable(x)
+#  define cond_signal(x) WakeConditionVariable(x)
+#  define cond_wait(x,y) SleepConditionVariableSRW(x, y, INFINITE,0)
+
+// Fallback solution to build for Windows XP and older versions, note that
+// cond_wait() is racy between lock_release() and WaitForSingleObject().
+#else
+
 typedef CRITICAL_SECTION Lock;
-#  define lock_init(x, y) InitializeCriticalSection(x)
+typedef HANDLE WaitCondition;
+
+#  define lock_init(x) InitializeCriticalSection(x)
 #  define lock_grab(x) EnterCriticalSection(x)
 #  define lock_release(x) LeaveCriticalSection(x)
 #  define lock_destroy(x) DeleteCriticalSection(x)
-
+#  define cond_init(x) { *x = CreateEvent(0, FALSE, FALSE, 0); }
+#  define cond_destroy(x) CloseHandle(*x)
+#  define cond_signal(x) SetEvent(*x)
+#  define cond_wait(x,y) { lock_release(y); WaitForSingleObject(*x, INFINITE); lock_grab(y); }
+#endif
 
 #endif
 
-
 #endif // !defined(LOCK_H_INCLUDED)

src/main.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -28,10 +28,16 @@
 #include <iostream>
 #include <string>
 
-#include "benchmark.h"
+#include "bitboard.h"
 #include "bitcount.h"
+#include "endgame.h"
+#include "evaluate.h"
+#include "material.h"
 #include "misc.h"
-#include "uci.h"
+#include "position.h"
+#include "search.h"
+#include "thread.h"
+#include "ucioption.h"
 
 #ifdef USE_CALLGRIND
 #include <valgrind/callgrind.h>
@@ -39,51 +45,66 @@
 
 using namespace std;
 
+extern bool execute_uci_command(const string& cmd);
+extern void benchmark(int argc, char* argv[]);
 
 ////
 //// Functions
 ////
 
-int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
 
   // Disable IO buffering
   cout.rdbuf()->pubsetbuf(NULL, 0);
   cin.rdbuf()->pubsetbuf(NULL, 0);
 
-  // Initialization through global resources manager
+  // Startup initializations
-  Application::initialize();
+  init_bitboards();
+  init_uci_options();
+  Position::init_zobrist();
+  Position::init_piece_square_tables();
+  init_eval(1);
+  init_bitbases();
+  init_search();
+  init_threads();
 
 #ifdef USE_CALLGRIND
   CALLGRIND_START_INSTRUMENTATION;
 #endif
 
-  // Process command line arguments if any
+  if (argc <= 1)
-  if (argc > 1)
   {
-      if (string(argv[1]) != "bench" || argc < 4 || argc > 8)
+      // Print copyright notice
-          cout << "Usage: stockfish bench <hash size> <threads> "
+      cout << engine_name()
-               << "[time = 60s] [fen positions file = default] "
+           << " by Tord Romstad, Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski" << endl;
-               << "[time, depth or node limited = time] "
+
-               << "[timing file name = none]" << endl;
+      if (CpuHasPOPCNT)
+          cout << "Good! CPU has hardware POPCNT." << endl;
+
+      // Wait for a command from the user, and passes this command to
+      // execute_uci_command() and also intercepts EOF from stdin, by
+      // translating EOF to the "quit" command. This ensures that we
+      // exit gracefully if the GUI dies unexpectedly.
+      string cmd;
+
+      do {
+          // Wait for a command from stdin
+          if (!getline(cin, cmd))
+              cmd = "quit";
+
+      } while (execute_uci_command(cmd));
+  }
+  else // Process command line arguments
+  {
+      if (string(argv[1]) != "bench" || argc > 7)
+          cout << "Usage: stockfish bench [hash size = 128] [threads = 1] "
+               << "[limit = 12] [fen positions file = default] "
+               << "[depth, time, perft or node limited = depth]" << endl;
       else
-      {
+          benchmark(argc, argv);
-          string time = argc > 4 ? argv[4] : "60";
-          string fen = argc > 5 ? argv[5] : "default";
-          string lim = argc > 6 ? argv[6] : "time";
-          string tim = argc > 7 ? argv[7] : "";
-          benchmark(string(argv[2]) + " " + string(argv[3]) + " " + time + " " + fen + " " + lim + " " + tim);
-      }
-      return 0;
   }
 
-  // Print copyright notice
+  exit_threads();
-  cout << engine_name()
+  quit_eval();
-       << ". By Tord Romstad, Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski." << endl;
-
-  if (CpuHasPOPCNT)
-      cout << "Good! CPU has hardware POPCNT. We will use it." << endl;
-
-  // Enter UCI mode
-  uci_main_loop();
   return 0;
 }

src/material.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 ////
 
 #include <cassert>
-#include <sstream>
+#include <cstring>
 #include <map>
 
 #include "material.h"
@@ -37,30 +37,60 @@ using namespace std;
 
 namespace {
 
+  // Values modified by Joona Kiiski
+  const Value MidgameLimit = Value(15581);
+  const Value EndgameLimit = Value(3998);
+
   // Polynomial material balance parameters
   const Value RedundantQueenPenalty = Value(320);
   const Value RedundantRookPenalty  = Value(554);
-  const int LinearCoefficients[6]   = { 1617, -162, -1172, -190, 105, 26 };
 
-  const int QuadraticCoefficientsSameColor[][6] = {
+  const int LinearCoefficients[6] = { 1617, -162, -1172, -190, 105, 26 };
+
+  const int QuadraticCoefficientsSameColor[][8] = {
   { 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7 }, { 39, 2, 7, 7, 7, 7 }, { 35, 271, -4, 7, 7, 7 },
   { 7, 25, 4, 7, 7, 7 }, { -27, -2, 46, 100, 56, 7 }, { 58, 29, 83, 148, -3, -25 } };
 
-  const int QuadraticCoefficientsOppositeColor[][6] = {
+  const int QuadraticCoefficientsOppositeColor[][8] = {
   { 41, 41, 41, 41, 41, 41 }, { 37, 41, 41, 41, 41, 41 }, { 10, 62, 41, 41, 41, 41 },
   { 57, 64, 39, 41, 41, 41 }, { 50, 40, 23, -22, 41, 41 }, { 106, 101, 3, 151, 171, 41 } };
 
-  // Named endgame evaluation and scaling functions, these
-  // are accessed direcly and not through the function maps.
-  EvaluationFunction<KmmKm> EvaluateKmmKm(WHITE);
-  EvaluationFunction<KXK>   EvaluateKXK(WHITE), EvaluateKKX(BLACK);
-  ScalingFunction<KBPsK>    ScaleKBPsK(WHITE),  ScaleKKBPs(BLACK);
-  ScalingFunction<KQKRPs>   ScaleKQKRPs(WHITE), ScaleKRPsKQ(BLACK);
-  ScalingFunction<KPsK>     ScaleKPsK(WHITE),   ScaleKKPs(BLACK);
-  ScalingFunction<KPKP>     ScaleKPKPw(WHITE),  ScaleKPKPb(BLACK);
-
   typedef EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase EF;
   typedef EndgameScalingFunctionBase SF;
+  typedef map<Key, EF*> EFMap;
+  typedef map<Key, SF*> SFMap;
+
+  // Endgame evaluation and scaling functions accessed direcly and not through
+  // the function maps because correspond to more then one material hash key.
+  EvaluationFunction<KmmKm> EvaluateKmmKm[] = { EvaluationFunction<KmmKm>(WHITE), EvaluationFunction<KmmKm>(BLACK) };
+  EvaluationFunction<KXK>   EvaluateKXK[]   = { EvaluationFunction<KXK>(WHITE),   EvaluationFunction<KXK>(BLACK) };
+  ScalingFunction<KBPsK>    ScaleKBPsK[]    = { ScalingFunction<KBPsK>(WHITE),    ScalingFunction<KBPsK>(BLACK) };
+  ScalingFunction<KQKRPs>   ScaleKQKRPs[]   = { ScalingFunction<KQKRPs>(WHITE),   ScalingFunction<KQKRPs>(BLACK) };
+  ScalingFunction<KPsK>     ScaleKPsK[]     = { ScalingFunction<KPsK>(WHITE),     ScalingFunction<KPsK>(BLACK) };
+  ScalingFunction<KPKP>     ScaleKPKP[]     = { ScalingFunction<KPKP>(WHITE),     ScalingFunction<KPKP>(BLACK) };
+
+  // Helper templates used to detect a given material distribution
+  template<Color Us> bool is_KXK(const Position& pos) {
+    const Color Them = (Us == WHITE ? BLACK : WHITE);
+    return   pos.non_pawn_material(Them) == VALUE_ZERO
+          && pos.piece_count(Them, PAWN) == 0
+          && pos.non_pawn_material(Us)   >= RookValueMidgame;
+  }
+
+  template<Color Us> bool is_KBPsK(const Position& pos) {
+    return   pos.non_pawn_material(Us)   == BishopValueMidgame
+          && pos.piece_count(Us, BISHOP) == 1
+          && pos.piece_count(Us, PAWN)   >= 1;
+  }
+
+  template<Color Us> bool is_KQKRPs(const Position& pos) {
+    const Color Them = (Us == WHITE ? BLACK : WHITE);
+    return   pos.piece_count(Us, PAWN)    == 0
+          && pos.non_pawn_material(Us)    == QueenValueMidgame
+          && pos.piece_count(Us, QUEEN)   == 1
+          && pos.piece_count(Them, ROOK)  == 1
+          && pos.piece_count(Them, PAWN)  >= 1;
+  }
 }
 
 
@@ -85,21 +115,17 @@ private:
   static Key buildKey(const string& keyCode);
   static const string swapColors(const string& keyCode);
 
-  // Here we store two maps, for evaluate and scaling functions
+  // Here we store two maps, for evaluate and scaling functions...
-  pair<map<Key, EF*>, map<Key, SF*> > maps;
+  pair<EFMap, SFMap> maps;
 
-  // Maps accessing functions returning const and non-const references
+  // ...and here is the accessing template function
-  template<typename T> const map<Key, T*>& get() const { return maps.first; }
+  template<typename T> const map<Key, T*>& get() const;
-  template<typename T> map<Key, T*>& get() { return maps.first; }
 };
 
 // Explicit specializations of a member function shall be declared in
 // the namespace of which the class template is a member.
-template<> const map<Key, SF*>&
+template<> const EFMap& EndgameFunctions::get<EF>() const { return maps.first; }
-EndgameFunctions::get<SF>() const { return maps.second; }
+template<> const SFMap& EndgameFunctions::get<SF>() const { return maps.second; }
-
-template<> map<Key, SF*>&
-EndgameFunctions::get<SF>() { return maps.second; }
 
 
 ////
@@ -108,18 +134,18 @@ EndgameFunctions::get<SF>() { return maps.second; }
 
 /// MaterialInfoTable c'tor and d'tor, called once by each thread
 
-MaterialInfoTable::MaterialInfoTable(unsigned int numOfEntries) {
+MaterialInfoTable::MaterialInfoTable() {
 
-  size = numOfEntries;
+  entries = new MaterialInfo[MaterialTableSize];
-  entries = new MaterialInfo[size];
   funcs = new EndgameFunctions();
 
   if (!entries || !funcs)
   {
-      cerr << "Failed to allocate " << numOfEntries * sizeof(MaterialInfo)
+      cerr << "Failed to allocate " << MaterialTableSize * sizeof(MaterialInfo)
            << " bytes for material hash table." << endl;
-      Application::exit_with_failure();
+      exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
   }
+  memset(entries, 0, MaterialTableSize * sizeof(MaterialInfo));
 }
 
 MaterialInfoTable::~MaterialInfoTable() {
@@ -129,6 +155,23 @@ MaterialInfoTable::~MaterialInfoTable() {
 }
 
 
+/// MaterialInfoTable::game_phase() calculates the phase given the current
+/// position. Because the phase is strictly a function of the material, it
+/// is stored in MaterialInfo.
+
+Phase MaterialInfoTable::game_phase(const Position& pos) {
+
+  Value npm = pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) + pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK);
+
+  if (npm >= MidgameLimit)
+      return PHASE_MIDGAME;
+
+  if (npm <= EndgameLimit)
+      return PHASE_ENDGAME;
+
+  return Phase(((npm - EndgameLimit) * 128) / (MidgameLimit - EndgameLimit));
+}
+
 /// MaterialInfoTable::get_material_info() takes a position object as input,
 /// computes or looks up a MaterialInfo object, and returns a pointer to it.
 /// If the material configuration is not already present in the table, it
@@ -138,7 +181,7 @@ MaterialInfoTable::~MaterialInfoTable() {
 MaterialInfo* MaterialInfoTable::get_material_info(const Position& pos) {
 
   Key key = pos.get_material_key();
-  int index = key & (size - 1);
+  unsigned index = unsigned(key & (MaterialTableSize - 1));
   MaterialInfo* mi = entries + index;
 
   // If mi->key matches the position's material hash key, it means that we
@@ -148,32 +191,28 @@ MaterialInfo* MaterialInfoTable::get_material_info(const Position& pos) {
       return mi;
 
   // Clear the MaterialInfo object, and set its key
-  mi->clear();
+  memset(mi, 0, sizeof(MaterialInfo));
+  mi->factor[WHITE] = mi->factor[BLACK] = (uint8_t)SCALE_FACTOR_NORMAL;
   mi->key = key;
 
+  // Store game phase
+  mi->gamePhase = MaterialInfoTable::game_phase(pos);
+
   // Let's look if we have a specialized evaluation function for this
   // particular material configuration. First we look for a fixed
   // configuration one, then a generic one if previous search failed.
   if ((mi->evaluationFunction = funcs->get<EF>(key)) != NULL)
       return mi;
 
-  else if (   pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK) == Value(0)
+  if (is_KXK<WHITE>(pos) || is_KXK<BLACK>(pos))
-           && pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) == 0
-           && pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) >= RookValueMidgame)
   {
-      mi->evaluationFunction = &EvaluateKXK;
+      mi->evaluationFunction = is_KXK<WHITE>(pos) ? &EvaluateKXK[WHITE] : &EvaluateKXK[BLACK];
       return mi;
   }
-  else if (   pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) == Value(0)
+
-           && pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) == 0
+  if (   pos.pieces(PAWN)  == EmptyBoardBB
-           && pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK) >= RookValueMidgame)
+      && pos.pieces(ROOK)  == EmptyBoardBB
-  {
+      && pos.pieces(QUEEN) == EmptyBoardBB)
-      mi->evaluationFunction = &EvaluateKKX;
-      return mi;
-  }
-  else if (   pos.pieces(PAWN) == EmptyBoardBB
-           && pos.pieces(ROOK) == EmptyBoardBB
-           && pos.pieces(QUEEN) == EmptyBoardBB)
   {
       // Minor piece endgame with at least one minor piece per side and
       // no pawns. Note that the case KmmK is already handled by KXK.
@@ -183,7 +222,7 @@ MaterialInfo* MaterialInfoTable::get_material_info(const Position& pos) {
       if (   pos.piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP) + pos.piece_count(WHITE, KNIGHT) <= 2
           && pos.piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP) + pos.piece_count(BLACK, KNIGHT) <= 2)
       {
-          mi->evaluationFunction = &EvaluateKmmKm;
+          mi->evaluationFunction = &EvaluateKmmKm[WHITE];
           return mi;
       }
   }
@@ -191,10 +230,8 @@ MaterialInfo* MaterialInfoTable::get_material_info(const Position& pos) {
   // OK, we didn't find any special evaluation function for the current
   // material configuration. Is there a suitable scaling function?
   //
-  // The code below is rather messy, and it could easily get worse later,
+  // We face problems when there are several conflicting applicable
-  // if we decide to add more special cases. We face problems when there
+  // scaling functions and we need to decide which one to use.
-  // are several conflicting applicable scaling functions and we need to
-  // decide which one to use.
   SF* sf;
 
   if ((sf = funcs->get<SF>(key)) != NULL)
@@ -206,48 +243,36 @@ MaterialInfo* MaterialInfoTable::get_material_info(const Position& pos) {
   // Generic scaling functions that refer to more then one material
   // distribution. Should be probed after the specialized ones.
   // Note that these ones don't return after setting the function.
-  if (   pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) == BishopValueMidgame
+  if (is_KBPsK<WHITE>(pos))
-      && pos.piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP) == 1
+      mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKBPsK[WHITE];
-      && pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) >= 1)
-      mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKBPsK;
 
-  if (   pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK) == BishopValueMidgame
+  if (is_KBPsK<BLACK>(pos))
-      && pos.piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP) == 1
+      mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKBPsK[BLACK];
-      && pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) >= 1)
-      mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKKBPs;
 
-  if (   pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) == 0
+  if (is_KQKRPs<WHITE>(pos))
-      && pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) == QueenValueMidgame
+      mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKQKRPs[WHITE];
-      && pos.piece_count(WHITE, QUEEN) == 1
-      && pos.piece_count(BLACK, ROOK) == 1
-      && pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) >= 1)
-      mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKQKRPs;
 
-  else if (   pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) == 0
+  else if (is_KQKRPs<BLACK>(pos))
-           && pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK) == QueenValueMidgame
+      mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKQKRPs[BLACK];
-           && pos.piece_count(BLACK, QUEEN) == 1
-           && pos.piece_count(WHITE, ROOK) == 1
-           && pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) >= 1)
-      mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKRPsKQ;
 
-  if (pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) + pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK) == Value(0))
+  if (pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) + pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK) == VALUE_ZERO)
   {
       if (pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) == 0)
       {
           assert(pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) >= 2);
-          mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKPsK;
+          mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKPsK[WHITE];
       }
       else if (pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) == 0)
       {
           assert(pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) >= 2);
-          mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKKPs;
+          mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKPsK[BLACK];
       }
       else if (pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) == 1 && pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) == 1)
       {
           // This is a special case because we set scaling functions
           // for both colors instead of only one.
-          mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKPKPw;
+          mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKPKP[WHITE];
-          mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKPKPb;
+          mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKPKP[BLACK];
       }
   }
 
@@ -264,13 +289,15 @@ MaterialInfo* MaterialInfoTable::get_material_info(const Position& pos) {
   }
 
   // Evaluate the material balance
-  const int pieceCount[2][6] = { { pos.piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP) > 1, pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN), pos.piece_count(WHITE, KNIGHT),
+  const int pieceCount[2][8] = {
-                                   pos.piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP), pos.piece_count(WHITE, ROOK), pos.piece_count(WHITE, QUEEN) },
+  { pos.piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP) > 1, pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN), pos.piece_count(WHITE, KNIGHT),
-                                 { pos.piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP) > 1, pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN), pos.piece_count(BLACK, KNIGHT),
+    pos.piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP), pos.piece_count(WHITE, ROOK), pos.piece_count(WHITE, QUEEN) },
-                                   pos.piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP), pos.piece_count(BLACK, ROOK), pos.piece_count(BLACK, QUEEN) } };
+  { pos.piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP) > 1, pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN), pos.piece_count(BLACK, KNIGHT),
+    pos.piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP), pos.piece_count(BLACK, ROOK), pos.piece_count(BLACK, QUEEN) } };
+
   Color c, them;
-  int sign;
+  int sign, pt1, pt2, pc;
-  int matValue = 0;
+  int v, vv, matValue = 0;
 
   for (c = WHITE, sign = 1; c <= BLACK; c++, sign = -sign)
   {
@@ -304,32 +331,34 @@ MaterialInfo* MaterialInfoTable::get_material_info(const Position& pos) {
         matValue -= sign * ((pieceCount[c][ROOK] - 1) * RedundantRookPenalty + pieceCount[c][QUEEN] * RedundantQueenPenalty);
 
     them = opposite_color(c);
+    v = 0;
 
     // Second-degree polynomial material imbalance by Tord Romstad
     //
-    // We use NO_PIECE_TYPE as a place holder for the bishop pair "extended piece",
+    // We use PIECE_TYPE_NONE as a place holder for the bishop pair "extended piece",
     // this allow us to be more flexible in defining bishop pair bonuses.
-    for (int pt1 = NO_PIECE_TYPE; pt1 <= QUEEN; pt1++)
+    for (pt1 = PIECE_TYPE_NONE; pt1 <= QUEEN; pt1++)
     {
-        int c1 = sign * pieceCount[c][pt1];
+        pc = pieceCount[c][pt1];
-        if (!c1)
+        if (!pc)
             continue;
 
-        matValue += c1 * LinearCoefficients[pt1];
+        vv = LinearCoefficients[pt1];
 
-        for (int pt2 = NO_PIECE_TYPE; pt2 <= pt1; pt2++)
+        for (pt2 = PIECE_TYPE_NONE; pt2 <= pt1; pt2++)
-        {
+            vv +=  pieceCount[c][pt2] * QuadraticCoefficientsSameColor[pt1][pt2]
-            matValue += c1 * pieceCount[c][pt2] * QuadraticCoefficientsSameColor[pt1][pt2];
+                 + pieceCount[them][pt2] * QuadraticCoefficientsOppositeColor[pt1][pt2];
-            matValue += c1 * pieceCount[them][pt2] * QuadraticCoefficientsOppositeColor[pt1][pt2];
+
-        }
+        v += pc * vv;
     }
+    matValue += sign * v;
   }
-  mi->value = int16_t(matValue / 16);
+  mi->value = (int16_t)(matValue / 16);
   return mi;
 }
 
 
-/// EndgameFunctions member definitions.
+/// EndgameFunctions member definitions
 
 EndgameFunctions::EndgameFunctions() {
 
@@ -348,24 +377,23 @@ EndgameFunctions::EndgameFunctions() {
   add<ScalingFunction<KBPPKB>  >("KBPPKB");
   add<ScalingFunction<KBPKN>   >("KBPKN");
   add<ScalingFunction<KRPPKRP> >("KRPPKRP");
-  add<ScalingFunction<KRPPKRP> >("KRPPKRP");
 }
 
 EndgameFunctions::~EndgameFunctions() {
 
-    for (map<Key, EF*>::iterator it = maps.first.begin(); it != maps.first.end(); ++it)
+    for (EFMap::const_iterator it = maps.first.begin(); it != maps.first.end(); ++it)
-        delete (*it).second;
+        delete it->second;
 
-    for (map<Key, SF*>::iterator it = maps.second.begin(); it != maps.second.end(); ++it)
+    for (SFMap::const_iterator it = maps.second.begin(); it != maps.second.end(); ++it)
-        delete (*it).second;
+        delete it->second;
 }
 
 Key EndgameFunctions::buildKey(const string& keyCode) {
 
-    assert(keyCode.length() > 0 && keyCode[0] == 'K');
+    assert(keyCode.length() > 0 && keyCode.length() < 8);
-    assert(keyCode.length() < 8);
+    assert(keyCode[0] == 'K');
 
-    stringstream s;
+    string fen;
     bool upcase = false;
 
     // Build up a fen string with the given pieces, note that
@@ -375,16 +403,17 @@ Key EndgameFunctions::buildKey(const string& keyCode) {
         if (keyCode[i] == 'K')
             upcase = !upcase;
 
-        s << char(upcase? toupper(keyCode[i]) : tolower(keyCode[i]));
+        fen += char(upcase ? toupper(keyCode[i]) : tolower(keyCode[i]));
     }
-    s << 8 - keyCode.length() << "/8/8/8/8/8/8/8 w -";
+    fen += char(8 - keyCode.length() + '0');
-    return Position(s.str()).get_material_key();
+    fen += "/8/8/8/8/8/8/8 w - -";
+    return Position(fen, false, 0).get_material_key();
 }
 
 const string EndgameFunctions::swapColors(const string& keyCode) {
 
     // Build corresponding key for the opposite color: "KBPKN" -> "KNKBP"
-    size_t idx = keyCode.find("K", 1);
+    size_t idx = keyCode.find('K', 1);
     return keyCode.substr(idx) + keyCode.substr(0, idx);
 }
 
@@ -392,14 +421,15 @@ template<class T>
 void EndgameFunctions::add(const string& keyCode) {
 
   typedef typename T::Base F;
+  typedef map<Key, F*> M;
 
-  get<F>().insert(pair<Key, F*>(buildKey(keyCode), new T(WHITE)));
+  const_cast<M&>(get<F>()).insert(pair<Key, F*>(buildKey(keyCode), new T(WHITE)));
-  get<F>().insert(pair<Key, F*>(buildKey(swapColors(keyCode)), new T(BLACK)));
+  const_cast<M&>(get<F>()).insert(pair<Key, F*>(buildKey(swapColors(keyCode)), new T(BLACK)));
 }
 
 template<class T>
 T* EndgameFunctions::get(Key key) const {
 
-  typename map<Key, T*>::const_iterator it(get<T>().find(key));
+  typename map<Key, T*>::const_iterator it = get<T>().find(key);
-  return (it != get<T>().end() ? it->second : NULL);
+  return it != get<T>().end() ? it->second : NULL;
 }

src/material.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -27,13 +27,14 @@
 
 #include "endgame.h"
 #include "position.h"
-#include "scale.h"
 
 
 ////
 //// Types
 ////
 
+const int MaterialTableSize = 1024;
+
 /// MaterialInfo is a class which contains various information about a
 /// material configuration. It contains a material balance evaluation,
 /// a function pointer to a special endgame evaluation function (which in
@@ -49,23 +50,21 @@ class MaterialInfo {
   friend class MaterialInfoTable;
 
 public:
-  MaterialInfo() : key(0) { clear(); }
+  Score material_value() const;
-
-  Value material_value() const;
   ScaleFactor scale_factor(const Position& pos, Color c) const;
   int space_weight() const;
+  Phase game_phase() const;
   bool specialized_eval_exists() const;
   Value evaluate(const Position& pos) const;
 
 private:
-  inline void clear();
-
   Key key;
   int16_t value;
   uint8_t factor[2];
   EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase* evaluationFunction;
   EndgameScalingFunctionBase* scalingFunction[2];
   int spaceWeight;
+  Phase gamePhase;
 };
 
 /// The MaterialInfoTable class represents a pawn hash table. It is basically
@@ -76,13 +75,17 @@ class EndgameFunctions;
 
 class MaterialInfoTable {
 
+  MaterialInfoTable(const MaterialInfoTable&);
+  MaterialInfoTable& operator=(const MaterialInfoTable&);
+
 public:
-  MaterialInfoTable(unsigned numOfEntries);
+  MaterialInfoTable();
   ~MaterialInfoTable();
   MaterialInfo* get_material_info(const Position& pos);
 
+  static Phase game_phase(const Position& pos);
+
 private:
-  unsigned size;
   MaterialInfo* entries;
   EndgameFunctions* funcs;
 };
@@ -92,28 +95,15 @@ private:
 //// Inline functions
 ////
 
+
 /// MaterialInfo::material_value simply returns the material balance
 /// evaluation that is independent from game phase.
 
-inline Value MaterialInfo::material_value() const {
+inline Score MaterialInfo::material_value() const {
 
-  return Value(value);
+  return make_score(value, value);
 }
 
-
-/// MaterialInfo::clear() resets a MaterialInfo object to an empty state,
-/// with all slots at their default values but the key.
-
-inline void MaterialInfo::clear() {
-
-  value = 0;
-  factor[WHITE] = factor[BLACK] = uint8_t(SCALE_FACTOR_NORMAL);
-  evaluationFunction = NULL;
-  scalingFunction[WHITE] = scalingFunction[BLACK] = NULL;
-  spaceWeight = 0;
-}
-
-
 /// MaterialInfo::scale_factor takes a position and a color as input, and
 /// returns a scale factor for the given color. We have to provide the
 /// position in addition to the color, because the scale factor need not
@@ -141,6 +131,14 @@ inline int MaterialInfo::space_weight() const {
   return spaceWeight;
 }
 
+/// MaterialInfo::game_phase() returns the game phase according
+/// to this material configuration.
+
+inline Phase MaterialInfo::game_phase() const {
+
+  return gamePhase;
+}
+
 
 /// MaterialInfo::specialized_eval_exists decides whether there is a
 /// specialized evaluation function for the current material configuration,

src/mersenne.cpp

@@ -1,149 +0,0 @@
-/*
-   A C-program for MT19937, with initialization improved 2002/1/26.
-   Coded by Takuji Nishimura and Makoto Matsumoto.
-
-   Before using, initialize the state by using init_genrand(seed)
-   or init_by_array(init_key, key_length).
-
-   Copyright (C) 1997 - 2002, Makoto Matsumoto and Takuji Nishimura,
-   All rights reserved.
-
-   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-   modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
-   are met:
-
-     1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-        notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-
-     2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
-        notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
-        documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
-
-     3. The names of its contributors may not be used to endorse or promote
-        products derived from this software without specific prior written
-        permission.
-
-   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
-   "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-   LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
-   A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
-   CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
-   EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
-   PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
-   PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
-   LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
-   NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
-   SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-
-
-   Any feedback is very welcome.
-   http://www.math.sci.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/~m-mat/MT/emt.html
-   email: m-mat @ math.sci.hiroshima-u.ac.jp (remove space)
-*/
-
-#include "types.h"
-#include "mersenne.h"
-
-/* Period parameters */
-#define N 624
-#define M 397
-#define MATRIX_A 0x9908b0dfUL   /* constant vector a */
-#define UPPER_MASK 0x80000000UL /* most significant w-r bits */
-#define LOWER_MASK 0x7fffffffUL /* least significant r bits */
-
-static unsigned long mt[N]; /* the array for the state vector  */
-static int mti=N+1; /* mti==N+1 means mt[N] is not initialized */
-
-/* initializes mt[N] with a seed */
-static void init_genrand(unsigned long s)
-{
-    mt[0]= s & 0xffffffffUL;
-    for (mti=1; mti<N; mti++) {
-        mt[mti] =
-            (1812433253UL * (mt[mti-1] ^ (mt[mti-1] >> 30)) + mti);
-        /* See Knuth TAOCP Vol2. 3rd Ed. P.106 for multiplier. */
-        /* In the previous versions, MSBs of the seed affect   */
-        /* only MSBs of the array mt[].                        */
-        /* 2002/01/09 modified by Makoto Matsumoto             */
-        mt[mti] &= 0xffffffffUL;
-        /* for >32 bit machines */
-    }
-}
-
-/* initialize by an array with array-length */
-/* init_key is the array for initializing keys */
-/* key_length is its length */
-/* slight change for C++, 2004/2/26 */
-static void init_by_array(unsigned long init_key[], int key_length)
-{
-    int i, j, k;
-    init_genrand(19650218UL);
-    i=1; j=0;
-    k = (N>key_length ? N : key_length);
-    for (; k; k--) {
-        mt[i] = (mt[i] ^ ((mt[i-1] ^ (mt[i-1] >> 30)) * 1664525UL))
-          + init_key[j] + j; /* non linear */
-        mt[i] &= 0xffffffffUL; /* for WORDSIZE > 32 machines */
-        i++; j++;
-        if (i>=N) { mt[0] = mt[N-1]; i=1; }
-        if (j>=key_length) j=0;
-    }
-    for (k=N-1; k; k--) {
-        mt[i] = (mt[i] ^ ((mt[i-1] ^ (mt[i-1] >> 30)) * 1566083941UL))
-          - i; /* non linear */
-        mt[i] &= 0xffffffffUL; /* for WORDSIZE > 32 machines */
-        i++;
-        if (i>=N) { mt[0] = mt[N-1]; i=1; }
-    }
-
-    mt[0] = 0x80000000UL; /* MSB is 1; assuring non-zero initial array */
-}
-
-/* generates a random number on [0,0xffffffff]-interval */
-uint32_t genrand_int32(void) {
-  unsigned long y;
-  static unsigned long mag01[2]={0x0UL, MATRIX_A};
-  /* mag01[x] = x * MATRIX_A  for x=0,1 */
-
-  if (mti >= N) { /* generate N words at one time */
-    int kk;
-
-    if (mti == N+1)   /* if init_genrand() has not been called, */
-      init_genrand(5489UL); /* a default initial seed is used */
-
-    for (kk=0;kk<N-M;kk++) {
-      y = (mt[kk]&UPPER_MASK)|(mt[kk+1]&LOWER_MASK);
-      mt[kk] = mt[kk+M] ^ (y >> 1) ^ mag01[y & 0x1UL];
-    }
-    for (;kk<N-1;kk++) {
-      y = (mt[kk]&UPPER_MASK)|(mt[kk+1]&LOWER_MASK);
-      mt[kk] = mt[kk+(M-N)] ^ (y >> 1) ^ mag01[y & 0x1UL];
-    }
-    y = (mt[N-1]&UPPER_MASK)|(mt[0]&LOWER_MASK);
-    mt[N-1] = mt[M-1] ^ (y >> 1) ^ mag01[y & 0x1UL];
-
-    mti = 0;
-  }
-
-  y = mt[mti++];
-
-  /* Tempering */
-  y ^= (y >> 11);
-  y ^= (y << 7) & 0x9d2c5680UL;
-  y ^= (y << 15) & 0xefc60000UL;
-  y ^= (y >> 18);
-
-  return y;
-}
-
-uint64_t genrand_int64(void) {
-  uint64_t x, y;
-
-  x = genrand_int32(); y = genrand_int32();
-  return (x<<32)|y;
-}
-
-void init_mersenne(void) {
-  unsigned long init[4]={0x123, 0x234, 0x345, 0x456}, length=4;
-  init_by_array(init, length);
-}

src/misc.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -27,6 +27,9 @@
 #  include <sys/time.h>
 #  include <sys/types.h>
 #  include <unistd.h>
+#  if defined(__hpux)
+#     include <sys/pstat.h>
+#  endif
 
 #else
 
@@ -36,6 +39,10 @@
 
 #endif
 
+#if !defined(NO_PREFETCH)
+#  include <xmmintrin.h>
+#endif
+
 #include <cassert>
 #include <cstdio>
 #include <iomanip>
@@ -44,13 +51,14 @@
 
 #include "bitcount.h"
 #include "misc.h"
+#include "thread.h"
 
 using namespace std;
 
 /// Version number. If this is left empty, the current date (in the format
 /// YYMMDD) is used as a version number.
 
-static const string EngineVersion = "1.5.1";
+static const string EngineVersion = "2.0.1";
 static const string AppName = "Stockfish";
 static const string AppTag  = "";
 
@@ -59,10 +67,8 @@ static const string AppTag  = "";
 //// Variables
 ////
 
-bool Chess960;
+static uint64_t dbg_cnt0 = 0;
-
+static uint64_t dbg_cnt1 = 0;
-uint64_t dbg_cnt0 = 0;
-uint64_t dbg_cnt1 = 0;
 
 bool dbg_show_mean = false;
 bool dbg_show_hit_rate = false;
@@ -121,42 +127,29 @@ void dbg_print_mean() {
        << (float)dbg_cnt1 / (dbg_cnt0 ? dbg_cnt0 : 1) << endl;
 }
 
-void dbg_print_hit_rate(ofstream& logFile) {
-
-  logFile << "Total " << dbg_cnt0 << " Hit " << dbg_cnt1
-          << " hit rate (%) " << (dbg_cnt1*100)/(dbg_cnt0 ? dbg_cnt0 : 1) << endl;
-}
-
-void dbg_print_mean(ofstream& logFile) {
-
-  logFile << "Total " << dbg_cnt0 << " Mean "
-          << (float)dbg_cnt1 / (dbg_cnt0 ? dbg_cnt0 : 1) << endl;
-}
 
 /// engine_name() returns the full name of the current Stockfish version.
-/// This will be either "Stockfish YYMMDD" (where YYMMDD is the date when the
+/// This will be either "Stockfish YYMMDD" (where YYMMDD is the date when
-/// program was compiled) or "Stockfish <version number>", depending on whether
+/// the program was compiled) or "Stockfish <version number>", depending
-/// the constant EngineVersion (defined in misc.h) is empty.
+/// on whether the constant EngineVersion (defined in misc.h) is empty.
 
 const string engine_name() {
 
-  const string cpu64(CpuHas64BitPath ? " 64bit" : "");
+  const string months("Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec");
+  const string cpu64(CpuIs64Bit ? " 64bit" : "");
 
   if (!EngineVersion.empty())
-      return AppName+ " " + EngineVersion + cpu64;
+      return AppName + " " + EngineVersion + cpu64;
 
-  string date(__DATE__); // From compiler, format is "Sep 21 2008"
+  stringstream s, date(__DATE__); // From compiler, format is "Sep 21 2008"
-  string months("Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec");
+  string month, day, year;
 
-  size_t mon = 1 + months.find(date.substr(0, 3)) / 4;
+  date >> month >> day >> year;
 
-  stringstream s;
+  s << setfill('0') << AppName + " " + AppTag + " "
-  string day = (date[4] == ' ' ? date.substr(5, 1) : date.substr(4, 2));
+    << year.substr(2, 2) << setw(2)
-
+    << (1 + months.find(month) / 4) << setw(2)
-  string name = AppName + " " + AppTag + " ";
+    << day << cpu64;
-
-  s << name << date.substr(date.length() - 2) << setfill('0')
-    << setw(2) << mon << setw(2) << day << cpu64;
 
   return s.str();
 }
@@ -185,7 +178,15 @@ int get_system_time() {
 
 #  if defined(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN)
 int cpu_count() {
-  return Min(sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN), 8);
+  return Min(sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN), MAX_THREADS);
+}
+#  elif defined(__hpux)
+int cpu_count() {
+  struct pst_dynamic psd;
+  if (pstat_getdynamic(&psd, sizeof(psd), (size_t)1, 0) == -1)
+      return 1;
+
+  return Min(psd.psd_proc_cnt, MAX_THREADS);
 }
 #  else
 int cpu_count() {
@@ -198,26 +199,24 @@ int cpu_count() {
 int cpu_count() {
   SYSTEM_INFO s;
   GetSystemInfo(&s);
-  return Min(s.dwNumberOfProcessors, 8);
+  return Min(s.dwNumberOfProcessors, MAX_THREADS);
 }
 
 #endif
 
 
-/*
+/// Check for console input. Original code from Beowulf and Olithink
-  From Beowulf, from Olithink
+
-*/
 #ifndef _WIN32
-/* Non-windows version */
+
-int Bioskey()
+int data_available()
 {
-  fd_set          readfds;
+  fd_set readfds;
   struct timeval  timeout;
 
   FD_ZERO(&readfds);
   FD_SET(fileno(stdin), &readfds);
-  /* Set to timeout immediately */
+  timeout.tv_sec = 0; // Set to timeout immediately
-  timeout.tv_sec = 0;
   timeout.tv_usec = 0;
   select(16, &readfds, 0, 0, &timeout);
 
@@ -225,54 +224,67 @@ int Bioskey()
 }
 
 #else
-/* Windows-version */
-#include <windows.h>
-#include <conio.h>
-int Bioskey()
-{
-    static int      init = 0,
-                    pipe;
-    static HANDLE   inh;
-    DWORD           dw;
-    /* If we're running under XBoard then we can't use _kbhit() as the input
-     * commands are sent to us directly over the internal pipe */
 
-#if defined(FILE_CNT)
+int data_available()
-    if (stdin->_cnt > 0)
+{
-        return stdin->_cnt;
+    static HANDLE inh = NULL;
-#endif
+    static bool usePipe;
-    if (!init) {
+    INPUT_RECORD rec[256];
-        init = 1;
+    DWORD dw, recCnt;
+
+    if (!inh)
+    {
         inh = GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);
-        pipe = !GetConsoleMode(inh, &dw);
+        usePipe = !GetConsoleMode(inh, &dw);
-        if (!pipe) {
+        if (!usePipe)
+        {
             SetConsoleMode(inh, dw & ~(ENABLE_MOUSE_INPUT | ENABLE_WINDOW_INPUT));
             FlushConsoleInputBuffer(inh);
         }
     }
-    if (pipe) {
-        if (!PeekNamedPipe(inh, NULL, 0, NULL, &dw, NULL))
-            return 1;
-        return dw;
-    } else {
-        // Count the number of unread input records, including keyboard,
-        // mouse, and window-resizing input records.
-        GetNumberOfConsoleInputEvents(inh, &dw);
-        if (dw <= 0)
-            return 0;
 
-        // Read data from console without removing it from the buffer
+    // If we're running under XBoard then we can't use PeekConsoleInput() as
-        INPUT_RECORD rec[256];
+    // the input commands are sent to us directly over the internal pipe.
-        DWORD recCnt;
+    if (usePipe)
-        if (!PeekConsoleInput(inh, rec, Min(dw, 256), &recCnt))
+        return PeekNamedPipe(inh, NULL, 0, NULL, &dw, NULL) ? dw : 1;
-            return 0;
 
-        // Search for at least one keyboard event
+    // Count the number of unread input records, including keyboard,
-        for (DWORD i = 0; i < recCnt; i++)
+    // mouse, and window-resizing input records.
-            if (rec[i].EventType == KEY_EVENT)
+    GetNumberOfConsoleInputEvents(inh, &dw);
-                return 1;
 
+    // Read data from console without removing it from the buffer
+    if (dw <= 0 || !PeekConsoleInput(inh, rec, Min(dw, 256), &recCnt))
         return 0;
-    }
+
+    // Search for at least one keyboard event
+    for (DWORD i = 0; i < recCnt; i++)
+        if (rec[i].EventType == KEY_EVENT)
+            return 1;
+
+    return 0;
 }
+
 #endif
+
+
+/// prefetch() preloads the given address in L1/L2 cache. This is a non
+/// blocking function and do not stalls the CPU waiting for data to be
+/// loaded from RAM, that can be very slow.
+#if defined(NO_PREFETCH)
+void prefetch(char*) {}
+#else
+
+void prefetch(char* addr) {
+
+#if defined(__INTEL_COMPILER) || defined(__ICL)
+   // This hack prevents prefetches to be optimized away by
+   // Intel compiler. Both MSVC and gcc seems not affected.
+   __asm__ ("");
+#endif
+
+  _mm_prefetch(addr, _MM_HINT_T2);
+  _mm_prefetch(addr+64, _MM_HINT_T2); // 64 bytes ahead
+}
+
+#endif
+

src/misc.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@
 #include <fstream>
 #include <string>
 
-#include "application.h"
 #include "types.h"
 
 ////
@@ -40,13 +39,6 @@
 #define Max(x, y) (((x) < (y))? (y) : (x))
 
 
-////
-//// Variables
-////
-
-extern bool Chess960;
-
-
 ////
 //// Prototypes
 ////
@@ -54,7 +46,9 @@ extern bool Chess960;
 extern const std::string engine_name();
 extern int get_system_time();
 extern int cpu_count();
-extern int Bioskey();
+extern int data_available();
+extern void prefetch(char* addr);
+extern void prefetchPawn(Key, int);
 
 
 ////
@@ -64,9 +58,6 @@ extern int Bioskey();
 extern bool dbg_show_mean;
 extern bool dbg_show_hit_rate;
 
-extern uint64_t dbg_cnt0;
-extern uint64_t dbg_cnt1;
-
 extern void dbg_hit_on(bool b);
 extern void dbg_hit_on_c(bool c, bool b);
 extern void dbg_before();
@@ -74,7 +65,5 @@ extern void dbg_after();
 extern void dbg_mean_of(int v);
 extern void dbg_print_hit_rate();
 extern void dbg_print_mean();
-extern void dbg_print_hit_rate(std::ofstream& logFile);
-extern void dbg_print_mean(std::ofstream& logFile);
 
 #endif // !defined(MISC_H_INCLUDED)

src/move.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 ////
 
 #include <cassert>
+#include <cctype>
 
 #include "move.h"
 #include "piece.h"
@@ -33,13 +34,13 @@
 //// Functions
 ////
 
-/// move_from_string() takes a position and a string as input, and attempts to
+/// move_from_uci() takes a position and a string as input, and attempts to
 /// convert the string to a move, using simple coordinate notation (g1f3,
 /// a7a8q, etc.). In order to correctly parse en passant captures and castling
 /// moves, we need the position. This function is not robust, and expects that
 /// the input move is legal and correctly formatted.
 
-Move move_from_string(const Position& pos, const std::string& str) {
+Move move_from_uci(const Position& pos, const std::string& str) {
 
   Square from, to;
   Piece piece;
@@ -49,15 +50,15 @@ Move move_from_string(const Position& pos, const std::string& str) {
       return MOVE_NONE;
 
   // Read the from and to squares
-  from = square_from_string(str.substr(0, 2));
+  from = make_square(file_from_char(str[0]), rank_from_char(str[1]));
-  to = square_from_string(str.substr(2, 4));
+  to   = make_square(file_from_char(str[2]), rank_from_char(str[3]));
 
   // Find the moving piece
   piece = pos.piece_on(from);
 
   // If the string has more than 4 characters, try to interpret the 5th
-  // character as a promotion
+  // character as a promotion.
-  if (type_of_piece(piece) == PAWN && str.length() > 4)
+  if (str.length() > 4 && piece == piece_of_color_and_type(us, PAWN))
   {
       switch (tolower(str[4])) {
       case 'n':
@@ -68,47 +69,47 @@ Move move_from_string(const Position& pos, const std::string& str) {
           return make_promotion_move(from, to, ROOK);
       case 'q':
           return make_promotion_move(from, to, QUEEN);
-    }
+      }
   }
 
+  // En passant move? We assume that a pawn move is an en passant move
+  // if the destination square is epSquare.
+  if (to == pos.ep_square() && piece == piece_of_color_and_type(us, PAWN))
+      return make_ep_move(from, to);
+
+  // Is this a castling move? A king move is assumed to be a castling move
+  // if the destination square is occupied by a friendly rook, or if the
+  // distance between the source and destination squares is more than 1.
   if (piece == piece_of_color_and_type(us, KING))
   {
-      // Is this a castling move? A king move is assumed to be a castling
-      // move if the destination square is occupied by a friendly rook, or
-      // if the distance between the source and destination squares is more
-      // than 1.
       if (pos.piece_on(to) == piece_of_color_and_type(us, ROOK))
           return make_castle_move(from, to);
 
-      else if (square_distance(from, to) > 1)
+      if (square_distance(from, to) > 1)
       {
           // This is a castling move, but we have to translate it to the
           // internal "king captures rook" representation.
           SquareDelta delta = (to > from ? DELTA_E : DELTA_W);
-          Square s = from + delta;
+          Square s = from;
-          while (relative_rank(us, s) == RANK_1 && pos.piece_on(s) != piece_of_color_and_type(us, ROOK))
-              s += delta;
 
-          return (relative_rank(us, s) == RANK_1 ? make_castle_move(from, s) : MOVE_NONE);
+          do s += delta;
+          while (   pos.piece_on(s) != piece_of_color_and_type(us, ROOK)
+                 && relative_rank(us, s) == RANK_1);
+
+          return relative_rank(us, s) == RANK_1 ? make_castle_move(from, s) : MOVE_NONE;
       }
   }
-  else if (piece == piece_of_color_and_type(us, PAWN))
+
-  {
-      // En passant move? We assume that a pawn move is an en passant move
-      // without further testing if the destination square is epSquare.
-      if (to == pos.ep_square())
-          return make_ep_move(from, to);
-  }
   return make_move(from, to);
 }
 
 
-/// move_to_string() converts a move to a string in coordinate notation
+/// move_to_uci() converts a move to a string in coordinate notation
-/// (g1f3, a7a8q, etc.).  The only special case is castling moves, where we
+/// (g1f3, a7a8q, etc.). The only special case is castling moves, where we
 /// print in the e1g1 notation in normal chess mode, and in e1h1 notation in
 /// Chess960 mode.
 
-const std::string move_to_string(Move move) {
+const std::string move_to_uci(Move move, bool chess960) {
 
   std::string str;
   Square from = move_from(move);
@@ -120,17 +121,15 @@ const std::string move_to_string(Move move) {
       str = "0000";
   else
   {
-      if (!Chess960)
+      if (move_is_short_castle(move) && !chess960)
-      {
+          return (from == SQ_E1 ? "e1g1" : "e8g8");
-          if (move_is_short_castle(move))
+
-              return (from == SQ_E1 ? "e1g1" : "e8g8");
+      if (move_is_long_castle(move) && !chess960)
+          return (from == SQ_E1 ? "e1c1" : "e8c8");
 
-          if (move_is_long_castle(move))
-              return (from == SQ_E1 ? "e1c1" : "e8c8");
-      }
       str = square_to_string(from) + square_to_string(to);
       if (move_is_promotion(move))
-          str += piece_type_to_char(move_promotion_piece(move), false);
+          str += char(tolower(piece_type_to_char(move_promotion_piece(move))));
   }
   return str;
 }
@@ -138,9 +137,10 @@ const std::string move_to_string(Move move) {
 
 /// Overload the << operator, to make it easier to print moves.
 
-std::ostream &operator << (std::ostream& os, Move m) {
+std::ostream& operator << (std::ostream& os, Move m) {
 
-  return os << move_to_string(m);
+  bool chess960 = (os.iword(0) != 0); // See set960()
+  return os << move_to_uci(m, chess960);
 }
 
 

src/move.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -31,6 +31,8 @@
 #include "piece.h"
 #include "square.h"
 
+// Maximum number of allowed moves per position
+const int MOVES_MAX = 256;
 
 ////
 //// Types
@@ -62,9 +64,82 @@ struct MoveStack {
   int score;
 };
 
-// Note that operator< is set up such that std::sort() will sort in descending order
+inline bool operator<(const MoveStack& f, const MoveStack& s) { return f.score < s.score; }
-inline bool operator<(const MoveStack& f, const MoveStack& s) { return s.score < f.score; }
 
+// An helper insertion sort implementation, works with pointers and iterators
+template<typename T, typename K>
+inline void insertion_sort(K firstMove, K lastMove)
+{
+    T value;
+    K cur, p, d;
+
+    if (firstMove != lastMove)
+        for (cur = firstMove + 1; cur != lastMove; cur++)
+        {
+            p = d = cur;
+            value = *p--;
+            if (*p < value)
+            {
+                do *d = *p;
+                while (--d != firstMove && *--p < value);
+                *d = value;
+            }
+        }
+}
+
+// Our dedicated sort in range [firstMove, lastMove), first splits
+// positive scores from ramining then order seaprately the two sets.
+template<typename T>
+inline void sort_moves(T* firstMove, T* lastMove, T** lastPositive)
+{
+    T tmp;
+    T *p, *d;
+
+    d = lastMove;
+    p = firstMove - 1;
+
+    d->score = -1; // right guard
+
+    // Split positives vs non-positives
+    do {
+        while ((++p)->score > 0) {}
+
+        if (p != d)
+        {
+            while (--d != p && d->score <= 0) {}
+
+            tmp = *p;
+            *p = *d;
+            *d = tmp;
+        }
+
+    } while (p != d);
+
+    // Sort just positive scored moves, remaining only when we get there
+    insertion_sort<T, T*>(firstMove, p);
+    *lastPositive = p;
+}
+
+// Picks up the best move in range [curMove, lastMove), one per cycle.
+// It is faster then sorting all the moves in advance when moves are few,
+// as normally are the possible captures. Note that is not a stable alghoritm.
+template<typename T>
+inline T pick_best(T* curMove, T* lastMove)
+{
+    T bestMove, tmp;
+
+    bestMove = *curMove;
+    while (++curMove != lastMove)
+    {
+        if (bestMove < *curMove)
+        {
+            tmp = *curMove;
+            *curMove = bestMove;
+            bestMove = tmp;
+        }
+    }
+    return bestMove;
+}
 
 ////
 //// Inline functions
@@ -82,6 +157,10 @@ inline PieceType move_promotion_piece(Move m) {
   return PieceType((int(m) >> 12) & 7);
 }
 
+inline int move_is_special(Move m) {
+  return m & (0x1F << 12);
+}
+
 inline int move_is_promotion(Move m) {
   return m & (7 << 12);
 }
@@ -123,9 +202,9 @@ inline Move make_ep_move(Square from, Square to) {
 //// Prototypes
 ////
 
-extern std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream &os, Move m);
+extern std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, Move m);
-extern Move move_from_string(const Position &pos, const std::string &str);
+extern Move move_from_uci(const Position& pos, const std::string &str);
-extern const std::string move_to_string(Move m);
+extern const std::string move_to_uci(Move m, bool chess960);
 extern bool move_is_ok(Move m);
 
 

src/movegen.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -52,16 +52,12 @@ namespace {
     EVASION
   };
 
-  // Functions
-  bool castling_is_check(const Position&, CastlingSide);
-
   // Helper templates
   template<CastlingSide Side>
   MoveStack* generate_castle_moves(const Position&, MoveStack*);
 
   template<Color Us, MoveType Type>
-  MoveStack* generate_pawn_moves(const Position&, MoveStack*, Bitboard = EmptyBoardBB,
+  MoveStack* generate_pawn_moves(const Position&, MoveStack*, Bitboard, Square);
-                                 Square = SQ_NONE, Bitboard = EmptyBoardBB);
 
   // Template generate_piece_moves (captures and non-captures) with specializations and overloads
   template<PieceType>
@@ -71,37 +67,29 @@ namespace {
   MoveStack* generate_piece_moves<KING>(const Position&, MoveStack*, Color, Bitboard);
 
   template<PieceType Piece, MoveType Type>
-  inline MoveStack* generate_piece_moves(const Position& p, MoveStack* m, Color us) {
+  inline MoveStack* generate_piece_moves(const Position& p, MoveStack* m, Color us, Bitboard t) {
 
     assert(Piece == PAWN);
-    assert(Type == CAPTURE || Type == NON_CAPTURE);
+    assert(Type == CAPTURE || Type == NON_CAPTURE || Type == EVASION);
 
-    return (us == WHITE ? generate_pawn_moves<WHITE, Type>(p, m)
+    return (us == WHITE ? generate_pawn_moves<WHITE, Type>(p, m, t, SQ_NONE)
-                        : generate_pawn_moves<BLACK, Type>(p, m));
+                        : generate_pawn_moves<BLACK, Type>(p, m, t, SQ_NONE));
   }
 
-  // Template generate_piece_checks with specializations
+  // Templates for non-capture checks generation
+
+  template<PieceType Piece>
+  MoveStack* generate_discovered_checks(const Position&, MoveStack*, Square);
+
   template<PieceType>
-  MoveStack* generate_piece_checks(const Position&, MoveStack*, Color, Bitboard, Square);
+  MoveStack* generate_direct_checks(const Position&, MoveStack*, Color, Bitboard, Square);
 
   template<>
-  inline MoveStack* generate_piece_checks<PAWN>(const Position& p, MoveStack* m, Color us, Bitboard dc, Square ksq) {
+  inline MoveStack* generate_direct_checks<PAWN>(const Position& p, MoveStack* m, Color us, Bitboard dc, Square ksq) {
 
     return (us == WHITE ? generate_pawn_moves<WHITE, CHECK>(p, m, dc, ksq)
                         : generate_pawn_moves<BLACK, CHECK>(p, m, dc, ksq));
   }
-
-  // Template generate_piece_evasions with specializations
-  template<PieceType>
-  MoveStack* generate_piece_evasions(const Position&, MoveStack*, Color, Bitboard, Bitboard);
-
-  template<>
-  inline MoveStack* generate_piece_evasions<PAWN>(const Position& p, MoveStack* m,
-                                                  Color us, Bitboard t, Bitboard pnd) {
-
-    return (us == WHITE ? generate_pawn_moves<WHITE, EVASION>(p, m, pnd, SQ_NONE, t)
-                        : generate_pawn_moves<BLACK, EVASION>(p, m, pnd, SQ_NONE, t));
-  }
 }
 
 
@@ -125,7 +113,7 @@ MoveStack* generate_captures(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist) {
   mlist = generate_piece_moves<ROOK>(pos, mlist, us, target);
   mlist = generate_piece_moves<BISHOP>(pos, mlist, us, target);
   mlist = generate_piece_moves<KNIGHT>(pos, mlist, us, target);
-  mlist = generate_piece_moves<PAWN, CAPTURE>(pos, mlist, us);
+  mlist = generate_piece_moves<PAWN, CAPTURE>(pos, mlist, us, target);
   return  generate_piece_moves<KING>(pos, mlist, us, target);
 }
 
@@ -141,7 +129,7 @@ MoveStack* generate_noncaptures(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist) {
   Color us = pos.side_to_move();
   Bitboard target = pos.empty_squares();
 
-  mlist = generate_piece_moves<PAWN, NON_CAPTURE>(pos, mlist, us);
+  mlist = generate_piece_moves<PAWN, NON_CAPTURE>(pos, mlist, us, target);
   mlist = generate_piece_moves<KNIGHT>(pos, mlist, us, target);
   mlist = generate_piece_moves<BISHOP>(pos, mlist, us, target);
   mlist = generate_piece_moves<ROOK>(pos, mlist, us, target);
@@ -152,175 +140,137 @@ MoveStack* generate_noncaptures(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist) {
 }
 
 
-/// generate_non_capture_checks() generates all pseudo-legal non-captures and
+/// generate_non_evasions() generates all pseudo-legal captures and
-/// underpromotions that give check. Returns a pointer to the end of the move list.
+/// non-captures. Returns a pointer to the end of the move list.
 
-MoveStack* generate_non_capture_checks(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, Bitboard dc) {
+MoveStack* generate_non_evasions(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist) {
 
   assert(pos.is_ok());
   assert(!pos.is_check());
 
+  Color us = pos.side_to_move();
+  Bitboard target = pos.pieces_of_color(opposite_color(us));
+
+  mlist = generate_piece_moves<PAWN, CAPTURE>(pos, mlist, us, target);
+  mlist = generate_piece_moves<PAWN, NON_CAPTURE>(pos, mlist, us, pos.empty_squares());
+
+  target |= pos.empty_squares();
+
+  mlist = generate_piece_moves<KNIGHT>(pos, mlist, us, target);
+  mlist = generate_piece_moves<BISHOP>(pos, mlist, us, target);
+  mlist = generate_piece_moves<ROOK>(pos, mlist, us, target);
+  mlist = generate_piece_moves<QUEEN>(pos, mlist, us, target);
+  mlist = generate_piece_moves<KING>(pos, mlist, us, target);
+  mlist = generate_castle_moves<KING_SIDE>(pos, mlist);
+  return  generate_castle_moves<QUEEN_SIDE>(pos, mlist);
+}
+
+
+/// generate_non_capture_checks() generates all pseudo-legal non-captures and knight
+/// underpromotions that give check. Returns a pointer to the end of the move list.
+
+MoveStack* generate_non_capture_checks(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist) {
+
+  assert(pos.is_ok());
+  assert(!pos.is_check());
+
+  Bitboard b, dc;
+  Square from;
   Color us = pos.side_to_move();
   Square ksq = pos.king_square(opposite_color(us));
 
   assert(pos.piece_on(ksq) == piece_of_color_and_type(opposite_color(us), KING));
 
-  // Pieces moves
+  // Discovered non-capture checks
-  mlist = generate_piece_checks<PAWN>(pos, mlist, us, dc, ksq);
+  b = dc = pos.discovered_check_candidates(us);
-  mlist = generate_piece_checks<KNIGHT>(pos, mlist, us, dc, ksq);
-  mlist = generate_piece_checks<BISHOP>(pos, mlist, us, dc, ksq);
-  mlist = generate_piece_checks<ROOK>(pos, mlist, us, dc, ksq);
-  mlist = generate_piece_checks<QUEEN>(pos, mlist, us, dc, ksq);
-  mlist = generate_piece_checks<KING>(pos, mlist, us, dc, ksq);
 
-  // Castling moves that give check. Very rare but nice to have!
+  while (b)
-  if (   pos.can_castle_queenside(us)
+  {
-      && (square_rank(ksq) == square_rank(pos.king_square(us)) || square_file(ksq) == FILE_D)
+     from = pop_1st_bit(&b);
-      && castling_is_check(pos, QUEEN_SIDE))
+     switch (pos.type_of_piece_on(from))
-      mlist = generate_castle_moves<QUEEN_SIDE>(pos, mlist);
+     {
+      case PAWN:   /* Will be generated togheter with pawns direct checks */     break;
+      case KNIGHT: mlist = generate_discovered_checks<KNIGHT>(pos, mlist, from); break;
+      case BISHOP: mlist = generate_discovered_checks<BISHOP>(pos, mlist, from); break;
+      case ROOK:   mlist = generate_discovered_checks<ROOK>(pos, mlist, from);   break;
+      case KING:   mlist = generate_discovered_checks<KING>(pos, mlist, from);   break;
+      default: assert(false); break;
+     }
+  }
 
-  if (   pos.can_castle_kingside(us)
+  // Direct non-capture checks
-      && (square_rank(ksq) == square_rank(pos.king_square(us)) || square_file(ksq) == FILE_F)
+  mlist = generate_direct_checks<PAWN>(pos, mlist, us, dc, ksq);
-      && castling_is_check(pos, KING_SIDE))
+  mlist = generate_direct_checks<KNIGHT>(pos, mlist, us, dc, ksq);
-      mlist = generate_castle_moves<KING_SIDE>(pos, mlist);
+  mlist = generate_direct_checks<BISHOP>(pos, mlist, us, dc, ksq);
-
+  mlist = generate_direct_checks<ROOK>(pos, mlist, us, dc, ksq);
-  return mlist;
+  return  generate_direct_checks<QUEEN>(pos, mlist, us, dc, ksq);
 }
 
 
-/// generate_evasions() generates all check evasions when the side to move is
+/// generate_evasions() generates all pseudo-legal check evasions when
-/// in check. Unlike the other move generation functions, this one generates
+/// the side to move is in check. Returns a pointer to the end of the move list.
-/// only legal moves. Returns a pointer to the end of the move list.
 
-MoveStack* generate_evasions(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, Bitboard pinned) {
+MoveStack* generate_evasions(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist) {
 
   assert(pos.is_ok());
   assert(pos.is_check());
 
-  Square from, to;
+  Bitboard b, target;
+  Square from, checksq;
+  int checkersCnt = 0;
   Color us = pos.side_to_move();
-  Color them = opposite_color(us);
   Square ksq = pos.king_square(us);
-  Bitboard sliderAttacks = EmptyBoardBB;
   Bitboard checkers = pos.checkers();
+  Bitboard sliderAttacks = EmptyBoardBB;
 
   assert(pos.piece_on(ksq) == piece_of_color_and_type(us, KING));
-
+  assert(checkers);
-  // The bitboard of occupied pieces without our king
-  Bitboard b_noKing = pos.occupied_squares();
-  clear_bit(&b_noKing, ksq);
 
   // Find squares attacked by slider checkers, we will remove
-  // them from the king evasions set so to avoid a couple
+  // them from the king evasions set so to early skip known
-  // of cycles in the slow king evasions legality check loop
+  // illegal moves and avoid an useless legality check later.
-  // and to be able to use attackers_to().
+  b = checkers;
-  Bitboard b = checkers & pos.pieces(BISHOP, QUEEN);
+  do
-  while (b)
   {
-      from = pop_1st_bit(&b);
+      checkersCnt++;
-      sliderAttacks |= bishop_attacks_bb(from, b_noKing);
+      checksq = pop_1st_bit(&b);
-  }
 
-  b = checkers & pos.pieces(ROOK, QUEEN);
+      assert(pos.color_of_piece_on(checksq) == opposite_color(us));
-  while (b)
+
-  {
+      switch (pos.type_of_piece_on(checksq))
-      from = pop_1st_bit(&b);
+      {
-      sliderAttacks |= rook_attacks_bb(from, b_noKing);
+      case BISHOP: sliderAttacks |= BishopPseudoAttacks[checksq]; break;
-  }
+      case ROOK:   sliderAttacks |= RookPseudoAttacks[checksq];   break;
+      case QUEEN:
+          // In case of a queen remove also squares attacked in the other direction to
+          // avoid possible illegal moves when queen and king are on adjacent squares.
+          if (RookPseudoAttacks[checksq] & (1ULL << ksq))
+              sliderAttacks |= RookPseudoAttacks[checksq] | pos.attacks_from<BISHOP>(checksq);
+          else
+              sliderAttacks |= BishopPseudoAttacks[checksq] | pos.attacks_from<ROOK>(checksq);
+      default:
+          break;
+      }
+  } while (b);
 
   // Generate evasions for king, capture and non capture moves
-  Bitboard enemy = pos.pieces_of_color(them);
+  b = pos.attacks_from<KING>(ksq) & ~pos.pieces_of_color(us) & ~sliderAttacks;
-  Bitboard b1 = pos.attacks_from<KING>(ksq) & ~pos.pieces_of_color(us) & ~sliderAttacks;
+  from = ksq;
-  while (b1)
+  SERIALIZE_MOVES(b);
-  {
-      // Note that we can use attackers_to() only because we have already
-      // removed from b1 the squares attacked by slider checkers.
-      to = pop_1st_bit(&b1);
-      if (!(pos.attackers_to(to) & enemy))
-          (*mlist++).move = make_move(ksq, to);
-  }
 
-  // Generate evasions for other pieces only if not double check. We use a
+  // Generate evasions for other pieces only if not double check
-  // simple bit twiddling hack here rather than calling count_1s in order to
+  if (checkersCnt > 1)
-  // save some time (we know that pos.checkers() has at most two nonzero bits).
+      return mlist;
-  if (!(checkers & (checkers - 1))) // Only one bit set?
-  {
-      Square checksq = first_1(checkers);
 
-      assert(pos.color_of_piece_on(checksq) == them);
+  // Find squares where a blocking evasion or a capture of the
+  // checker piece is possible.
+  target = squares_between(checksq, ksq) | checkers;
 
-      // Generate captures of the checking piece
+  mlist = generate_piece_moves<PAWN, EVASION>(pos, mlist, us, target);
-
+  mlist = generate_piece_moves<KNIGHT>(pos, mlist, us, target);
-      // Pawn captures
+  mlist = generate_piece_moves<BISHOP>(pos, mlist, us, target);
-      b1 = pos.attacks_from<PAWN>(checksq, them) & pos.pieces(PAWN, us) & ~pinned;
+  mlist = generate_piece_moves<ROOK>(pos, mlist, us, target);
-      while (b1)
+  return  generate_piece_moves<QUEEN>(pos, mlist, us, target);
-      {
-          from = pop_1st_bit(&b1);
-          if (relative_rank(us, checksq) == RANK_8)
-          {
-              (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(from, checksq, QUEEN);
-              (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(from, checksq, ROOK);
-              (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(from, checksq, BISHOP);
-              (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(from, checksq, KNIGHT);
-          } else
-              (*mlist++).move = make_move(from, checksq);
-      }
-
-      // Pieces captures
-      b1 = (  (pos.attacks_from<KNIGHT>(checksq) & pos.pieces(KNIGHT, us))
-            | (pos.attacks_from<BISHOP>(checksq) & pos.pieces(BISHOP, QUEEN, us))
-            | (pos.attacks_from<ROOK>(checksq)   & pos.pieces(ROOK, QUEEN, us)) ) & ~pinned;
-
-      while (b1)
-      {
-          from = pop_1st_bit(&b1);
-          (*mlist++).move = make_move(from, checksq);
-      }
-
-      // Blocking check evasions are possible only if the checking piece is a slider
-      if (sliderAttacks)
-      {
-          Bitboard blockSquares = squares_between(checksq, ksq);
-
-          assert((pos.occupied_squares() & blockSquares) == EmptyBoardBB);
-
-          if (blockSquares)
-          {
-              mlist = generate_piece_evasions<PAWN>(pos, mlist, us, blockSquares, pinned);
-              mlist = generate_piece_evasions<KNIGHT>(pos, mlist, us, blockSquares, pinned);
-              mlist = generate_piece_evasions<BISHOP>(pos, mlist, us, blockSquares, pinned);
-              mlist = generate_piece_evasions<ROOK>(pos, mlist, us, blockSquares, pinned);
-              mlist = generate_piece_evasions<QUEEN>(pos, mlist, us, blockSquares, pinned);
-          }
-      }
-
-      // Finally, the special case of en passant captures. An en passant
-      // capture can only be a check evasion if the check is not a discovered
-      // check. If pos.ep_square() is set, the last move made must have been
-      // a double pawn push. If, furthermore, the checking piece is a pawn,
-      // an en passant check evasion may be possible.
-      if (pos.ep_square() != SQ_NONE && (checkers & pos.pieces(PAWN, them)))
-      {
-          to = pos.ep_square();
-          b1 = pos.attacks_from<PAWN>(to, them) & pos.pieces(PAWN, us);
-
-          // The checking pawn cannot be a discovered (bishop) check candidate
-          // otherwise we were in check also before last double push move.
-          assert(!bit_is_set(pos.discovered_check_candidates(them), checksq));
-          assert(count_1s(b1) == 1 || count_1s(b1) == 2);
-
-          b1 &= ~pinned;
-          while (b1)
-          {
-              from = pop_1st_bit(&b1);
-              // Move is always legal because checking pawn is not a discovered
-              // check candidate and our capturing pawn has been already tested
-              // against pinned pieces.
-              (*mlist++).move = make_ep_move(from, to);
-          }
-      }
-  }
-  return mlist;
 }
 
 
@@ -332,24 +282,22 @@ MoveStack* generate_moves(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, bool pseudoLega
 
   assert(pos.is_ok());
 
+  MoveStack *last, *cur = mlist;
   Bitboard pinned = pos.pinned_pieces(pos.side_to_move());
 
-  if (pos.is_check())
-      return generate_evasions(pos, mlist, pinned);
-
   // Generate pseudo-legal moves
-  MoveStack* last = generate_captures(pos, mlist);
+  last = pos.is_check() ? generate_evasions(pos, mlist)
-  last = generate_noncaptures(pos, last);
+                        : generate_non_evasions(pos, mlist);
   if (pseudoLegal)
       return last;
 
   // Remove illegal moves from the list
-  for (MoveStack* cur = mlist; cur != last; cur++)
+  while (cur != last)
-      if (!pos.pl_move_is_legal(cur->move, pinned))
+      if (pos.pl_move_is_legal(cur->move, pinned))
-      {
+          cur++;
+      else
           cur->move = (--last)->move;
-          cur--;
+
-      }
   return last;
 }
 
@@ -360,11 +308,12 @@ MoveStack* generate_moves(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, bool pseudoLega
 
 bool move_is_legal(const Position& pos, const Move m) {
 
-  MoveStack mlist[256];
+  MoveStack mlist[MOVES_MAX];
-  MoveStack* last = generate_moves(pos, mlist, true);
+  MoveStack *cur, *last = generate_moves(pos, mlist, true);
-  for (MoveStack* cur = mlist; cur != last; cur++)
+
+   for (cur = mlist; cur != last; cur++)
       if (cur->move == m)
-          return pos.pl_move_is_legal(m);
+          return pos.pl_move_is_legal(m, pos.pinned_pieces(pos.side_to_move()));
 
   return false;
 }
@@ -372,25 +321,23 @@ bool move_is_legal(const Position& pos, const Move m) {
 
 /// Fast version of move_is_legal() that takes a position a move and a
 /// bitboard of pinned pieces as input, and tests whether the move is legal.
-/// This version must only be used when the side to move is not in check.
 
 bool move_is_legal(const Position& pos, const Move m, Bitboard pinned) {
 
   assert(pos.is_ok());
-  assert(!pos.is_check());
   assert(move_is_ok(m));
   assert(pinned == pos.pinned_pieces(pos.side_to_move()));
 
-  // Use a slower but simpler function for uncommon cases
-  if (move_is_ep(m) || move_is_castle(m))
-      return move_is_legal(pos, m);
-
   Color us = pos.side_to_move();
   Color them = opposite_color(us);
   Square from = move_from(m);
   Square to = move_to(m);
   Piece pc = pos.piece_on(from);
 
+  // Use a slower but simpler function for uncommon cases
+  if (move_is_special(m))
+      return move_is_legal(pos, m);
+
   // If the from square is not occupied by a piece belonging to the side to
   // move, the move is obviously not legal.
   if (color_of_piece(pc) != us)
@@ -408,10 +355,9 @@ bool move_is_legal(const Position& pos, const Move m, Bitboard pinned) {
       if ((us == WHITE) != (direction > 0))
           return false;
 
-      // A pawn move is a promotion iff the destination square is
+      // We have already handled promotion moves, so destination
-      // on the 8/1th rank.
+      // cannot be on the 8/1th rank.
-      if ((  (square_rank(to) == RANK_8 && us == WHITE)
+      if (square_rank(to) == RANK_8 || square_rank(to) == RANK_1)
-           ||(square_rank(to) == RANK_1 && us != WHITE)) != bool(move_is_promotion(m)))
           return false;
 
       // Proceed according to the square delta between the origin and
@@ -458,14 +404,12 @@ bool move_is_legal(const Position& pos, const Move m, Bitboard pinned) {
       default:
           return false;
       }
-      // The move is pseudo-legal, check if it is also legal
-      return pos.pl_move_is_legal(m, pinned);
   }
+  else if (!bit_is_set(pos.attacks_from(pc, from), to))
+      return false;
 
-  // Luckly we can handle all the other pieces in one go
+  // The move is pseudo-legal, check if it is also legal
-  return (   bit_is_set(pos.attacks_from(pc, from), to)
+  return pos.is_check() ? pos.pl_move_is_evasion(m, pinned) : pos.pl_move_is_legal(m, pinned);
-          && pos.pl_move_is_legal(m, pinned)
-          && !move_is_promotion(m));
 }
 
 
@@ -474,14 +418,17 @@ namespace {
   template<PieceType Piece>
   MoveStack* generate_piece_moves(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, Color us, Bitboard target) {
 
-    Square from;
     Bitboard b;
+    Square from;
     const Square* ptr = pos.piece_list_begin(us, Piece);
 
-    while ((from = *ptr++) != SQ_NONE)
+    if (*ptr != SQ_NONE)
     {
-        b = pos.attacks_from<Piece>(from) & target;
+        do {
-        SERIALIZE_MOVES(b);
+            from = *ptr;
+            b = pos.attacks_from<Piece>(from) & target;
+            SERIALIZE_MOVES(b);
+        } while (*++ptr != SQ_NONE);
     }
     return mlist;
   }
@@ -497,177 +444,158 @@ namespace {
     return mlist;
   }
 
-  template<PieceType Piece>
+  template<SquareDelta Delta>
-  MoveStack* generate_piece_evasions(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist,
-                                     Color us, Bitboard target, Bitboard pinned) {
-    Square from;
-    Bitboard b;
-    const Square* ptr = pos.piece_list_begin(us, Piece);
-
-    while ((from = *ptr++) != SQ_NONE)
-    {
-        if (pinned && bit_is_set(pinned, from))
-            continue;
-
-        b = pos.attacks_from<Piece>(from) & target;
-        SERIALIZE_MOVES(b);
-    }
-    return mlist;
-  }
-
-  template<Color Us, SquareDelta Direction>
   inline Bitboard move_pawns(Bitboard p) {
 
-    if (Direction == DELTA_N)
+    return Delta == DELTA_N  ? p << 8 : Delta == DELTA_S  ? p >> 8 :
-        return Us == WHITE ? p << 8 : p >> 8;
+           Delta == DELTA_NE ? p << 9 : Delta == DELTA_SE ? p >> 7 :
-    else if (Direction == DELTA_NE)
+           Delta == DELTA_NW ? p << 7 : Delta == DELTA_SW ? p >> 9 : p;
-        return Us == WHITE ? p << 9 : p >> 7;
-    else if (Direction == DELTA_NW)
-        return Us == WHITE ? p << 7 : p >> 9;
-    else
-        return p;
   }
 
-  template<Color Us, SquareDelta Diagonal>
+  template<MoveType Type, SquareDelta Delta>
-  MoveStack* generate_pawn_diagonal_captures(MoveStack* mlist, Bitboard pawns, Bitboard enemyPieces, bool promotion) {
+  inline MoveStack* generate_pawn_captures(MoveStack* mlist, Bitboard pawns, Bitboard target) {
 
-    // Calculate our parametrized parameters at compile time
+    const Bitboard TFileABB = (Delta == DELTA_NE || Delta == DELTA_SE ? FileABB : FileHBB);
-    const Bitboard TRank8BB = (Us == WHITE ? Rank8BB : Rank1BB);
-    const Bitboard TFileABB = (Diagonal == DELTA_NE ? FileABB : FileHBB);
-    const SquareDelta TDELTA_NE = (Us == WHITE ? DELTA_NE : DELTA_SE);
-    const SquareDelta TDELTA_NW = (Us == WHITE ? DELTA_NW : DELTA_SW);
-    const SquareDelta TTDELTA_NE = (Diagonal == DELTA_NE ? TDELTA_NE : TDELTA_NW);
 
+    Bitboard b;
     Square to;
 
     // Captures in the a1-h8 (a8-h1 for black) diagonal or in the h1-a8 (h8-a1 for black)
-    Bitboard b1 = move_pawns<Us, Diagonal>(pawns) & ~TFileABB & enemyPieces;
+    b = move_pawns<Delta>(pawns) & target & ~TFileABB;
+    SERIALIZE_MOVES_D(b, -Delta);
+    return mlist;
+  }
 
-    // Capturing promotions
+  template<Color Us, MoveType Type, SquareDelta Delta>
-    if (promotion)
+  inline MoveStack* generate_promotions(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, Bitboard pawnsOn7, Bitboard target) {
+
+    const Bitboard TFileABB = (Delta == DELTA_NE || Delta == DELTA_SE ? FileABB : FileHBB);
+
+    Bitboard b;
+    Square to;
+
+    // Promotions and under-promotions, both captures and non-captures
+    b = move_pawns<Delta>(pawnsOn7) & target;
+
+    if (Delta != DELTA_N && Delta != DELTA_S)
+        b &= ~TFileABB;
+
+    while (b)
     {
-        Bitboard b2 = b1 & TRank8BB;
+        to = pop_1st_bit(&b);
-        b1 &= ~TRank8BB;
-        while (b2)
-        {
-            to = pop_1st_bit(&b2);
-            (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(to - TTDELTA_NE, to, QUEEN);
-        }
-    }
 
-    // Capturing non-promotions
+        if (Type == CAPTURE || Type == EVASION)
-    SERIALIZE_MOVES_D(b1, -TTDELTA_NE);
+            (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(to - Delta, to, QUEEN);
+
+        if (Type == NON_CAPTURE || Type == EVASION)
+        {
+            (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(to - Delta, to, ROOK);
+            (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(to - Delta, to, BISHOP);
+            (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(to - Delta, to, KNIGHT);
+        }
+
+        // This is the only possible under promotion that can give a check
+        // not already included in the queen-promotion.
+        if (   Type == CHECK
+            && bit_is_set(pos.attacks_from<KNIGHT>(to), pos.king_square(opposite_color(Us))))
+            (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(to - Delta, to, KNIGHT);
+        else (void)pos; // Silence a warning under MSVC
+    }
     return mlist;
   }
 
   template<Color Us, MoveType Type>
-  MoveStack* generate_pawn_moves(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, Bitboard dcp,
+  MoveStack* generate_pawn_moves(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, Bitboard target, Square ksq) {
-                                 Square ksq, Bitboard blockSquares) {
 
-    // Calculate our parametrized parameters at compile time
+    // Calculate our parametrized parameters at compile time, named
-    const Color Them = (Us == WHITE ? BLACK : WHITE);
+    // according to the point of view of white side.
-    const Bitboard TRank8BB = (Us == WHITE ? Rank8BB : Rank1BB);
+    const Color       Them      = (Us == WHITE ? BLACK    : WHITE);
-    const Bitboard TRank7BB = (Us == WHITE ? Rank7BB : Rank2BB);
+    const Bitboard    TRank7BB  = (Us == WHITE ? Rank7BB  : Rank2BB);
-    const Bitboard TRank3BB = (Us == WHITE ? Rank3BB : Rank6BB);
+    const Bitboard    TRank3BB  = (Us == WHITE ? Rank3BB  : Rank6BB);
+    const SquareDelta TDELTA_N  = (Us == WHITE ? DELTA_N  : DELTA_S);
     const SquareDelta TDELTA_NE = (Us == WHITE ? DELTA_NE : DELTA_SE);
     const SquareDelta TDELTA_NW = (Us == WHITE ? DELTA_NW : DELTA_SW);
-    const SquareDelta TDELTA_N = (Us == WHITE ? DELTA_N : DELTA_S);
 
-    Bitboard b1, b2, dcPawns1, dcPawns2;
     Square to;
-    Bitboard pawns = (Type == EVASION ? pos.pieces(PAWN, Us) & ~dcp : pos.pieces(PAWN, Us));
+    Bitboard b1, b2, dc1, dc2, pawnPushes, emptySquares;
-    bool possiblePromotion = pawns & TRank7BB;
+    Bitboard pawns = pos.pieces(PAWN, Us);
-
+    Bitboard pawnsOn7 = pawns & TRank7BB;
-    if (Type == CAPTURE)
+    Bitboard enemyPieces = (Type == CAPTURE ? target : pos.pieces_of_color(Them));
-    {
-        // Standard captures and capturing promotions in both directions
-        Bitboard enemyPieces = pos.pieces_of_color(opposite_color(Us));
-        mlist = generate_pawn_diagonal_captures<Us, DELTA_NE>(mlist, pawns, enemyPieces, possiblePromotion);
-        mlist = generate_pawn_diagonal_captures<Us, DELTA_NW>(mlist, pawns, enemyPieces, possiblePromotion);
-    }
-
-    if (possiblePromotion)
-    {
-        // When generating checks consider under-promotion moves (both captures
-        // and non captures) only if can give a discovery check. Note that dcp
-        // is dc bitboard or pinned bitboard when Type == EVASION.
-        Bitboard pp = (Type == CHECK ? pawns & dcp : pawns);
-
-        if (Type != EVASION && Type != CAPTURE)
-        {
-            Bitboard enemyPieces = pos.pieces_of_color(opposite_color(Us));
-
-            // Underpromotion captures in the a1-h8 (a8-h1 for black) direction
-            b1 = move_pawns<Us, DELTA_NE>(pp) & ~FileABB & enemyPieces & TRank8BB;
-            while (b1)
-            {
-                to = pop_1st_bit(&b1);
-                (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(to - TDELTA_NE, to, ROOK);
-                (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(to - TDELTA_NE, to, BISHOP);
-                (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(to - TDELTA_NE, to, KNIGHT);
-            }
-
-            // Underpromotion captures in the h1-a8 (h8-a1 for black) direction
-            b1 = move_pawns<Us, DELTA_NW>(pp) & ~FileHBB & enemyPieces & TRank8BB;
-            while (b1)
-            {
-                to = pop_1st_bit(&b1);
-                (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(to - TDELTA_NW, to, ROOK);
-                (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(to - TDELTA_NW, to, BISHOP);
-                (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(to - TDELTA_NW, to, KNIGHT);
-            }
-        }
-
-        // Underpromotion pawn pushes. Also queen promotions for evasions and captures.
-        b1 = move_pawns<Us, DELTA_N>(pp) & TRank8BB;
-        b1 &= (Type == EVASION ? blockSquares : pos.empty_squares());
-
-        while (b1)
-        {
-            to = pop_1st_bit(&b1);
-            if (Type == EVASION || Type == CAPTURE)
-                (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(to - TDELTA_N, to, QUEEN);
-
-            if (Type != CAPTURE)
-            {
-                (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(to - TDELTA_N, to, ROOK);
-                (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(to - TDELTA_N, to, BISHOP);
-                (*mlist++).move = make_promotion_move(to - TDELTA_N, to, KNIGHT);
-            }
-        }
-    }
 
+    // Pre-calculate pawn pushes before changing emptySquares definition
     if (Type != CAPTURE)
     {
-        Bitboard emptySquares = pos.empty_squares();
+        emptySquares = (Type == NON_CAPTURE ? target : pos.empty_squares());
-        dcPawns1 = dcPawns2 = EmptyBoardBB;
+        pawnPushes = move_pawns<TDELTA_N>(pawns & ~TRank7BB) & emptySquares;
-        if (Type == CHECK && (pawns & dcp))
+    }
+
+    if (Type == EVASION)
+    {
+        emptySquares &= target; // Only blocking squares
+        enemyPieces  &= target; // Capture only the checker piece
+    }
+
+    // Promotions and underpromotions
+    if (pawnsOn7)
+    {
+        if (Type == CAPTURE)
+            emptySquares = pos.empty_squares();
+
+        pawns &= ~TRank7BB;
+        mlist = generate_promotions<Us, Type, TDELTA_NE>(pos, mlist, pawnsOn7, enemyPieces);
+        mlist = generate_promotions<Us, Type, TDELTA_NW>(pos, mlist, pawnsOn7, enemyPieces);
+        mlist = generate_promotions<Us, Type, TDELTA_N >(pos, mlist, pawnsOn7, emptySquares);
+    }
+
+    // Standard captures
+    if (Type == CAPTURE || Type == EVASION)
+    {
+        mlist = generate_pawn_captures<Type, TDELTA_NE>(mlist, pawns, enemyPieces);
+        mlist = generate_pawn_captures<Type, TDELTA_NW>(mlist, pawns, enemyPieces);
+    }
+
+    // Single and double pawn pushes
+    if (Type != CAPTURE)
+    {
+        b1 = pawnPushes & emptySquares;
+        b2 = move_pawns<TDELTA_N>(pawnPushes & TRank3BB) & emptySquares;
+
+        if (Type == CHECK)
         {
-            // Pawn moves which gives discovered check. This is possible only if the
+            // Consider only pawn moves which give direct checks
-            // pawn is not on the same file as the enemy king, because we don't
+            b1 &= pos.attacks_from<PAWN>(ksq, Them);
-            // generate captures.
+            b2 &= pos.attacks_from<PAWN>(ksq, Them);
-            dcPawns1 = move_pawns<Us, DELTA_N>(pawns & dcp & ~file_bb(ksq)) & emptySquares & ~TRank8BB;
+
-            dcPawns2 = move_pawns<Us, DELTA_N>(dcPawns1 & TRank3BB) & emptySquares;
+            // Add pawn moves which gives discovered check. This is possible only
+            // if the pawn is not on the same file as the enemy king, because we
+            // don't generate captures.
+            if (pawns & target) // For CHECK type target is dc bitboard
+            {
+                dc1 = move_pawns<TDELTA_N>(pawns & target & ~file_bb(ksq)) & emptySquares;
+                dc2 = move_pawns<TDELTA_N>(dc1 & TRank3BB) & emptySquares;
+
+                b1 |= dc1;
+                b2 |= dc2;
+            }
         }
-
+        SERIALIZE_MOVES_D(b1, -TDELTA_N);
-        // Single pawn pushes
-        b1 = move_pawns<Us, DELTA_N>(pawns) & emptySquares & ~TRank8BB;
-        b2 = (Type == CHECK ? (b1 & pos.attacks_from<PAWN>(ksq, Them)) | dcPawns1 :
-              (Type == EVASION ? b1 & blockSquares : b1));
-        SERIALIZE_MOVES_D(b2, -TDELTA_N);
-
-        // Double pawn pushes
-        b1 = move_pawns<Us, DELTA_N>(b1 & TRank3BB) & emptySquares;
-        b2 = (Type == CHECK ? (b1 & pos.attacks_from<PAWN>(ksq, Them)) | dcPawns2 :
-              (Type == EVASION ? b1 & blockSquares : b1));
         SERIALIZE_MOVES_D(b2, -TDELTA_N -TDELTA_N);
     }
-    else if (pos.ep_square() != SQ_NONE) // En passant captures
+
+    // En passant captures
+    if ((Type == CAPTURE || Type == EVASION) && pos.ep_square() != SQ_NONE)
     {
         assert(Us != WHITE || square_rank(pos.ep_square()) == RANK_6);
         assert(Us != BLACK || square_rank(pos.ep_square()) == RANK_3);
 
+        // An en passant capture can be an evasion only if the checking piece
+        // is the double pushed pawn and so is in the target. Otherwise this
+        // is a discovery check and we are forced to do otherwise.
+        if (Type == EVASION && !bit_is_set(target, pos.ep_square() - TDELTA_N))
+            return mlist;
+
         b1 = pawns & pos.attacks_from<PAWN>(pos.ep_square(), Them);
+
         assert(b1 != EmptyBoardBB);
 
         while (b1)
@@ -680,43 +608,49 @@ namespace {
   }
 
   template<PieceType Piece>
-  MoveStack* generate_piece_checks(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, Color us,
+  MoveStack* generate_discovered_checks(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, Square from) {
+
+    assert(Piece != QUEEN);
+
+    Bitboard b = pos.attacks_from<Piece>(from) & pos.empty_squares();
+    if (Piece == KING)
+    {
+        Square ksq = pos.king_square(opposite_color(pos.side_to_move()));
+        b &= ~QueenPseudoAttacks[ksq];
+    }
+    SERIALIZE_MOVES(b);
+    return mlist;
+  }
+
+  template<PieceType Piece>
+  MoveStack* generate_direct_checks(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, Color us,
                                    Bitboard dc, Square ksq) {
+    assert(Piece != KING);
 
-    Bitboard target = pos.pieces(Piece, us);
+    Bitboard checkSqs, b;
+    Square from;
+    const Square* ptr = pos.piece_list_begin(us, Piece);
 
-    // Discovered non-capture checks
+    if ((from = *ptr++) == SQ_NONE)
-    Bitboard b = target & dc;
+        return mlist;
 
-    assert(Piece != QUEEN || !b);
+    checkSqs = pos.attacks_from<Piece>(ksq) & pos.empty_squares();
 
-    while (b)
+    do
     {
-        Square from = pop_1st_bit(&b);
+        if (   (Piece == QUEEN  && !(QueenPseudoAttacks[from]  & checkSqs))
-        Bitboard bb = pos.attacks_from<Piece>(from) & pos.empty_squares();
+            || (Piece == ROOK   && !(RookPseudoAttacks[from]   & checkSqs))
-        if (Piece == KING)
+            || (Piece == BISHOP && !(BishopPseudoAttacks[from] & checkSqs)))
-            bb &= ~QueenPseudoAttacks[ksq];
+            continue;
 
-        SERIALIZE_MOVES(bb);
+        if (dc && bit_is_set(dc, from))
-    }
+            continue;
 
-    // Direct non-capture checks
+        b = pos.attacks_from<Piece>(from) & checkSqs;
-    b = target & ~dc;
+        SERIALIZE_MOVES(b);
-    Bitboard checkSqs = pos.attacks_from<Piece>(ksq) & pos.empty_squares();
+
-    if (Piece != KING && checkSqs)
+    } while ((from = *ptr++) != SQ_NONE);
-    {
-        while (b)
-        {
-            Square from = pop_1st_bit(&b);
-            if (   (Piece == QUEEN  && !(QueenPseudoAttacks[from]  & checkSqs))
-                || (Piece == ROOK   && !(RookPseudoAttacks[from]   & checkSqs))
-                || (Piece == BISHOP && !(BishopPseudoAttacks[from] & checkSqs)))
-                continue;
 
-            Bitboard bb = pos.attacks_from<Piece>(from) & checkSqs;
-            SERIALIZE_MOVES(bb);
-        }
-    }
     return mlist;
   }
 
@@ -725,7 +659,7 @@ namespace {
 
     Color us = pos.side_to_move();
 
-    if (  (Side == KING_SIDE && pos.can_castle_kingside(us))
+    if (  (Side == KING_SIDE  && pos.can_castle_kingside(us))
         ||(Side == QUEEN_SIDE && pos.can_castle_queenside(us)))
     {
         Color them = opposite_color(us);
@@ -762,17 +696,4 @@ namespace {
     }
     return mlist;
   }
-
-  bool castling_is_check(const Position& pos, CastlingSide side) {
-
-    // After castling opponent king is attacked by the castled rook?
-    File rookFile = (side == QUEEN_SIDE ? FILE_D : FILE_F);
-    Color us = pos.side_to_move();
-    Square ksq = pos.king_square(us);
-    Bitboard occ = pos.occupied_squares();
-
-    clear_bit(&occ, ksq); // Remove our king from the board
-    Square rsq = make_square(rookFile, square_rank(ksq));
-    return bit_is_set(rook_attacks_bb(rsq, occ), pos.king_square(opposite_color(us)));
-  }
 }

src/movegen.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -34,8 +34,9 @@
 
 extern MoveStack* generate_captures(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist);
 extern MoveStack* generate_noncaptures(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist);
-extern MoveStack* generate_non_capture_checks(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, Bitboard dc);
+extern MoveStack* generate_non_capture_checks(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist);
-extern MoveStack* generate_evasions(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, Bitboard pinned);
+extern MoveStack* generate_evasions(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist);
+extern MoveStack* generate_non_evasions(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist);
 extern MoveStack* generate_moves(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, bool pseudoLegal = false);
 extern bool move_is_legal(const Position& pos, const Move m, Bitboard pinned);
 extern bool move_is_legal(const Position& pos, const Move m);

src/movepick.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@
 //// Includes
 ////
 
-#include <algorithm>
 #include <cassert>
 
 #include "history.h"
@@ -53,7 +52,7 @@ namespace {
 
   CACHE_LINE_ALIGNMENT
   const uint8_t MainSearchPhaseTable[] = { PH_TT_MOVES, PH_GOOD_CAPTURES, PH_KILLERS, PH_NONCAPTURES, PH_BAD_CAPTURES, PH_STOP};
-  const uint8_t EvasionsPhaseTable[] = { PH_EVASIONS, PH_STOP};
+  const uint8_t EvasionsPhaseTable[] = { PH_TT_MOVES, PH_EVASIONS, PH_STOP};
   const uint8_t QsearchWithChecksPhaseTable[] = { PH_TT_MOVES, PH_QCAPTURES, PH_QCHECKS, PH_STOP};
   const uint8_t QsearchWithoutChecksPhaseTable[] = { PH_TT_MOVES, PH_QCAPTURES, PH_STOP};
 }
@@ -71,37 +70,49 @@ namespace {
 /// search captures, promotions and some checks) and about how important good
 /// move ordering is at the current node.
 
-MovePicker::MovePicker(const Position& p, Move ttm, Depth d,
+MovePicker::MovePicker(const Position& p, Move ttm, Depth d, const History& h,
-                       const History& h, SearchStack* ss) : pos(p), H(h) {
+                       SearchStack* ss, Value beta) : pos(p), H(h) {
   int searchTT = ttm;
   ttMoves[0].move = ttm;
-  finished = false;
+  badCaptureThreshold = 0;
-  lastBadCapture = badCaptures;
+  badCaptures = moves + MOVES_MAX;
 
-  if (ss)
+  pinned = p.pinned_pieces(pos.side_to_move());
+
+  if (ss && !p.is_check())
   {
-      ttMoves[1].move = (ss->mateKiller == ttm)? MOVE_NONE : ss->mateKiller;
+      ttMoves[1].move = (ss->mateKiller == ttm) ? MOVE_NONE : ss->mateKiller;
       searchTT |= ttMoves[1].move;
       killers[0].move = ss->killers[0];
       killers[1].move = ss->killers[1];
   } else
       ttMoves[1].move = killers[0].move = killers[1].move = MOVE_NONE;
 
-  Color us = pos.side_to_move();
-
-  dc = p.discovered_check_candidates(us);
-  pinned = p.pinned_pieces(us);
-
   if (p.is_check())
       phasePtr = EvasionsPhaseTable;
-  else if (d > Depth(0))
+  else if (d > DEPTH_ZERO)
-      phasePtr = MainSearchPhaseTable + !searchTT;
+  {
-  else if (d == Depth(0))
+      // Consider sligtly negative captures as good if at low
-      phasePtr = QsearchWithChecksPhaseTable + !searchTT;
+      // depth and far from beta.
-  else
+      if (ss && ss->eval < beta - PawnValueMidgame && d < 3 * ONE_PLY)
-      phasePtr = QsearchWithoutChecksPhaseTable + !searchTT;
+          badCaptureThreshold = -PawnValueMidgame;
 
-  phasePtr--;
+      phasePtr = MainSearchPhaseTable;
+  }
+  else if (d >= DEPTH_QS_CHECKS)
+      phasePtr = QsearchWithChecksPhaseTable;
+  else
+  {
+      phasePtr = QsearchWithoutChecksPhaseTable;
+
+      // Skip TT move if is not a capture or a promotion, this avoids
+      // qsearch tree explosion due to a possible perpetual check or
+      // similar rare cases when TT table is full.
+      if (ttm != MOVE_NONE && !pos.move_is_capture_or_promotion(ttm))
+          searchTT = ttMoves[0].move = MOVE_NONE;
+  }
+
+  phasePtr += int(!searchTT) - 1;
   go_next_phase();
 }
 
@@ -123,7 +134,6 @@ void MovePicker::go_next_phase() {
   case PH_GOOD_CAPTURES:
       lastMove = generate_captures(pos, moves);
       score_captures();
-      std::sort(moves, lastMove);
       return;
 
   case PH_KILLERS:
@@ -134,37 +144,33 @@ void MovePicker::go_next_phase() {
   case PH_NONCAPTURES:
       lastMove = generate_noncaptures(pos, moves);
       score_noncaptures();
-      std::sort(moves, lastMove);
+      sort_moves(moves, lastMove, &lastGoodNonCapture);
       return;
 
   case PH_BAD_CAPTURES:
-      // Bad captures SEE value is already calculated so just sort them
+      // Bad captures SEE value is already calculated so just pick
-      // to get SEE move ordering.
+      // them in order to get SEE move ordering.
       curMove = badCaptures;
-      lastMove = lastBadCapture;
+      lastMove = moves + MOVES_MAX;
-      std::sort(badCaptures, lastMove);
       return;
 
   case PH_EVASIONS:
       assert(pos.is_check());
-      lastMove = generate_evasions(pos, moves, pinned);
+      lastMove = generate_evasions(pos, moves);
       score_evasions();
-      std::sort(moves, lastMove);
       return;
 
   case PH_QCAPTURES:
       lastMove = generate_captures(pos, moves);
       score_captures();
-      std::sort(moves, lastMove);
       return;
 
   case PH_QCHECKS:
-      // Perhaps we should order moves move here?  FIXME
+      lastMove = generate_non_capture_checks(pos, moves);
-      lastMove = generate_non_capture_checks(pos, moves, dc);
       return;
 
   case PH_STOP:
-      lastMove = curMove + 1; // hack to be friendly for get_next_move()
+      lastMove = curMove + 1; // Avoids another go_next_phase() call
       return;
 
   default:
@@ -202,8 +208,8 @@ void MovePicker::score_captures() {
       if (move_is_promotion(m))
           cur->score = QueenValueMidgame;
       else
-          cur->score = int(pos.midgame_value_of_piece_on(move_to(m)))
+          cur->score =  pos.midgame_value_of_piece_on(move_to(m))
-                      -int(pos.type_of_piece_on(move_from(m)));
+                      - pos.type_of_piece_on(move_from(m));
   }
 }
 
@@ -214,7 +220,6 @@ void MovePicker::score_noncaptures() {
   Move m;
   Piece piece;
   Square from, to;
-  int hs;
 
   for (MoveStack* cur = moves; cur != lastMove; cur++)
   {
@@ -222,32 +227,32 @@ void MovePicker::score_noncaptures() {
       from = move_from(m);
       to = move_to(m);
       piece = pos.piece_on(from);
-      hs = H.move_ordering_score(piece, to);
+      cur->score = H.value(piece, to) + H.gain(piece, to);
-
-      // Ensure history is always preferred to pst
-      if (hs > 0)
-          hs += 1000;
-
-      // pst based scoring
-      cur->score = hs + pos.pst_delta<Position::MidGame>(piece, from, to);
   }
 }
 
 void MovePicker::score_evasions() {
-
+  // Try good captures ordered by MVV/LVA, then non-captures if
+  // destination square is not under attack, ordered by history
+  // value, and at the end bad-captures and non-captures with a
+  // negative SEE. This last group is ordered by the SEE score.
   Move m;
+  int seeScore;
+
+  // Skip if we don't have at least two moves to order
+  if (lastMove < moves + 2)
+      return;
 
   for (MoveStack* cur = moves; cur != lastMove; cur++)
   {
       m = cur->move;
-      if (m == ttMoves[0].move)
+      if ((seeScore = pos.see_sign(m)) < 0)
-          cur->score = 2 * HistoryMax;
+          cur->score = seeScore - HistoryMax; // Be sure are at the bottom
-      else if (!pos.square_is_empty(move_to(m)))
+      else if (pos.move_is_capture(m))
-      {
+          cur->score =  pos.midgame_value_of_piece_on(move_to(m))
-          int seeScore = pos.see(m);
+                      - pos.type_of_piece_on(move_from(m)) + HistoryMax;
-          cur->score = seeScore + (seeScore >= 0 ? HistoryMax : 0);
+      else
-      } else
+          cur->score = H.value(pos.piece_on(move_from(m)), move_to(m));
-          cur->score = H.move_ordering_score(pos.piece_on(move_from(m)), move_to(m));
   }
 }
 
@@ -256,57 +261,61 @@ void MovePicker::score_evasions() {
 /// are no more moves left.
 /// It picks the move with the biggest score from a list of generated moves taking
 /// care not to return the tt move if has already been searched previously.
+/// Note that this function is not thread safe so should be lock protected by
+/// caller when accessed through a shared MovePicker object.
 
 Move MovePicker::get_next_move() {
 
-  assert(!pos.is_check() || *phasePtr == PH_EVASIONS || *phasePtr == PH_STOP);
-  assert( pos.is_check() || *phasePtr != PH_EVASIONS);
-
   Move move;
 
   while (true)
   {
       while (curMove != lastMove)
       {
-          move = (curMove++)->move;
-
           switch (phase) {
 
           case PH_TT_MOVES:
+              move = (curMove++)->move;
               if (   move != MOVE_NONE
                   && move_is_legal(pos, move, pinned))
                   return move;
               break;
 
           case PH_GOOD_CAPTURES:
+              move = pick_best(curMove++, lastMove).move;
               if (   move != ttMoves[0].move
                   && move != ttMoves[1].move
                   && pos.pl_move_is_legal(move, pinned))
               {
                   // Check for a non negative SEE now
                   int seeValue = pos.see_sign(move);
-                  if (seeValue >= 0)
+                  if (seeValue >= badCaptureThreshold)
                       return move;
 
-                  // Losing capture, move it to the badCaptures[] array, note
+                  // Losing capture, move it to the tail of the array, note
                   // that move has now been already checked for legality.
-                  assert(int(lastBadCapture - badCaptures) < 63);
+                  (--badCaptures)->move = move;
-                  lastBadCapture->move = move;
+                  badCaptures->score = seeValue;
-                  lastBadCapture->score = seeValue;
-                  lastBadCapture++;
               }
               break;
 
           case PH_KILLERS:
+              move = (curMove++)->move;
               if (   move != MOVE_NONE
+                  && move_is_legal(pos, move, pinned)
                   && move != ttMoves[0].move
                   && move != ttMoves[1].move
-                  && move_is_legal(pos, move, pinned)
                   && !pos.move_is_capture(move))
                   return move;
               break;
 
           case PH_NONCAPTURES:
+
+              // Sort negative scored moves only when we get there
+              if (curMove == lastGoodNonCapture)
+                  insertion_sort<MoveStack>(lastGoodNonCapture, lastMove);
+
+              move = (curMove++)->move;
               if (   move != ttMoves[0].move
                   && move != ttMoves[1].move
                   && move != killers[0].move
@@ -315,13 +324,20 @@ Move MovePicker::get_next_move() {
                   return move;
               break;
 
-          case PH_EVASIONS:
           case PH_BAD_CAPTURES:
+              move = pick_best(curMove++, lastMove).move;
               return move;
 
+          case PH_EVASIONS:
           case PH_QCAPTURES:
+              move = pick_best(curMove++, lastMove).move;
+              if (   move != ttMoves[0].move
+                  && pos.pl_move_is_legal(move, pinned))
+                  return move;
+              break;
+
           case PH_QCHECKS:
-              // Maybe postpone the legality check until after futility pruning?
+              move = (curMove++)->move;
               if (   move != ttMoves[0].move
                   && pos.pl_move_is_legal(move, pinned))
                   return move;
@@ -339,21 +355,3 @@ Move MovePicker::get_next_move() {
   }
 }
 
-/// A variant of get_next_move() which takes a lock as a parameter, used to
-/// prevent multiple threads from picking the same move at a split point.
-
-Move MovePicker::get_next_move(Lock &lock) {
-
-   lock_grab(&lock);
-   if (finished)
-   {
-       lock_release(&lock);
-       return MOVE_NONE;
-   }
-   Move m = get_next_move();
-   if (m == MOVE_NONE)
-       finished = true;
-
-   lock_release(&lock);
-   return m;
-}

src/movepick.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
 
 #include "depth.h"
 #include "history.h"
-#include "lock.h"
 #include "position.h"
 
 
@@ -50,11 +49,9 @@ class MovePicker {
   MovePicker& operator=(const MovePicker&); // silence a warning under MSVC
 
 public:
-  MovePicker(const Position& p, Move ttm, Depth d, const History& h, SearchStack* ss = NULL);
+  MovePicker(const Position& p, Move ttm, Depth d, const History& h, SearchStack* ss = NULL, Value beta = -VALUE_INFINITE);
   Move get_next_move();
-  Move get_next_move(Lock& lock);
   int number_of_evasions() const;
-  Bitboard discovered_check_candidates() const;
 
 private:
   void score_captures();
@@ -64,13 +61,12 @@ private:
 
   const Position& pos;
   const History& H;
+  Bitboard pinned;
   MoveStack ttMoves[2], killers[2];
-  bool finished;
+  int badCaptureThreshold, phase;
-  int phase;
   const uint8_t* phasePtr;
-  MoveStack *curMove, *lastMove, *lastBadCapture;
+  MoveStack *curMove, *lastMove, *lastGoodNonCapture, *badCaptures;
-  Bitboard dc, pinned;
+  MoveStack moves[MOVES_MAX];
-  MoveStack moves[256], badCaptures[64];
 };
 
 
@@ -88,12 +84,4 @@ inline int MovePicker::number_of_evasions() const {
   return int(lastMove - moves);
 }
 
-/// MovePicker::discovered_check_candidates() returns a bitboard containing
-/// all pieces which can possibly give discovered check. This bitboard is
-/// computed by the constructor function.
-
-inline Bitboard MovePicker::discovered_check_candidates() const {
-  return dc;
-}
-
 #endif // !defined(MOVEPICK_H_INCLUDED)

src/pawns.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -38,96 +38,42 @@ namespace {
 
   /// Constants and variables
 
-  // Doubled pawn penalty by file, middle game
+  #define S(mg, eg) make_score(mg, eg)
-  const Value DoubledPawnMidgamePenalty[8] = {
+
-    Value(13), Value(20), Value(23), Value(23),
+  // Doubled pawn penalty by opposed flag and file
-    Value(23), Value(23), Value(20), Value(13)
+  const Score DoubledPawnPenalty[2][8] = {
+  { S(13, 43), S(20, 48), S(23, 48), S(23, 48),
+    S(23, 48), S(23, 48), S(20, 48), S(13, 43) },
+  { S(13, 43), S(20, 48), S(23, 48), S(23, 48),
+    S(23, 48), S(23, 48), S(20, 48), S(13, 43) }};
+
+  // Isolated pawn penalty by opposed flag and file
+  const Score IsolatedPawnPenalty[2][8] = {
+  { S(37, 45), S(54, 52), S(60, 52), S(60, 52),
+    S(60, 52), S(60, 52), S(54, 52), S(37, 45) },
+  { S(25, 30), S(36, 35), S(40, 35), S(40, 35),
+    S(40, 35), S(40, 35), S(36, 35), S(25, 30) }};
+
+  // Backward pawn penalty by opposed flag and file
+  const Score BackwardPawnPenalty[2][8] = {
+  { S(30, 42), S(43, 46), S(49, 46), S(49, 46),
+    S(49, 46), S(49, 46), S(43, 46), S(30, 42) },
+  { S(20, 28), S(29, 31), S(33, 31), S(33, 31),
+    S(33, 31), S(33, 31), S(29, 31), S(20, 28) }};
+
+  // Pawn chain membership bonus by file
+  const Score ChainBonus[8] = {
+    S(11,-1), S(13,-1), S(13,-1), S(14,-1),
+    S(14,-1), S(13,-1), S(13,-1), S(11,-1)
   };
 
-  // Doubled pawn penalty by file, endgame
+  // Candidate passed pawn bonus by rank
-  const Value DoubledPawnEndgamePenalty[8] = {
+  const Score CandidateBonus[8] = {
-    Value(43), Value(48), Value(48), Value(48),
+    S( 0, 0), S( 6, 13), S(6,13), S(14,29),
-    Value(48), Value(48), Value(48), Value(43)
+    S(34,68), S(83,166), S(0, 0), S( 0, 0)
   };
 
-  // Isolated pawn penalty by file, middle game
+  #undef S
-  const Value IsolatedPawnMidgamePenalty[8] = {
-    Value(25), Value(36), Value(40), Value(40),
-    Value(40), Value(40), Value(36), Value(25)
-  };
-
-  // Isolated pawn penalty by file, endgame
-  const Value IsolatedPawnEndgamePenalty[8] = {
-    Value(30), Value(35), Value(35), Value(35),
-    Value(35), Value(35), Value(35), Value(30)
-  };
-
-  // Backward pawn penalty by file, middle game
-  const Value BackwardPawnMidgamePenalty[8] = {
-    Value(20), Value(29), Value(33), Value(33),
-    Value(33), Value(33), Value(29), Value(20)
-  };
-
-  // Backward pawn penalty by file, endgame
-  const Value BackwardPawnEndgamePenalty[8] = {
-    Value(28), Value(31), Value(31), Value(31),
-    Value(31), Value(31), Value(31), Value(28)
-  };
-
-  // Pawn chain membership bonus by file, middle game
-  const Value ChainMidgameBonus[8] = {
-    Value(11), Value(13), Value(13), Value(14),
-    Value(14), Value(13), Value(13), Value(11)
-  };
-
-  // Pawn chain membership bonus by file, endgame
-  const Value ChainEndgameBonus[8] = {
-    Value(-1), Value(-1), Value(-1), Value(-1),
-    Value(-1), Value(-1), Value(-1), Value(-1)
-  };
-
-  // Candidate passed pawn bonus by rank, middle game
-  const Value CandidateMidgameBonus[8] = {
-    Value( 0), Value( 6), Value(6), Value(14),
-    Value(34), Value(83), Value(0), Value( 0)
-  };
-
-  // Candidate passed pawn bonus by rank, endgame
-  const Value CandidateEndgameBonus[8] = {
-    Value( 0), Value( 13), Value(13), Value(29),
-    Value(68), Value(166), Value( 0), Value( 0)
-  };
-
-  // Pawn storm tables for positions with opposite castling
-  const int QStormTable[64] = {
-    0,  0,  0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-  -22,-22,-22,-14,-6, 0, 0, 0,
-   -6,-10,-10,-10,-6, 0, 0, 0,
-    4, 12, 16, 12, 4, 0, 0, 0,
-   16, 23, 23, 16, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-   23, 31, 31, 23, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-   23, 31, 31, 23, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-    0,  0,  0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0
-  };
-
-  const int KStormTable[64] = {
-    0, 0, 0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,
-    0, 0, 0,-10,-19,-28,-33,-33,
-    0, 0, 0,-10,-15,-19,-24,-24,
-    0, 0, 0,  0,  1,  1,  1,  1,
-    0, 0, 0,  0,  1, 10, 19, 19,
-    0, 0, 0,  0,  1, 19, 31, 27,
-    0, 0, 0,  0,  0, 22, 31, 22,
-    0, 0, 0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0
-  };
-
-  // Pawn storm open file bonuses by file
-  const int16_t KStormOpenFileBonus[8] = { 31, 31, 18, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
-  const int16_t QStormOpenFileBonus[8] = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 26, 42, 26 };
-
-  // Pawn storm lever bonuses by file
-  const int StormLeverBonus[8] = { -8, -8, -13, 0, 0, -13, -8, -8 };
-
 }
 
 
@@ -135,49 +81,39 @@ namespace {
 //// Functions
 ////
 
-/// Constructor
+/// PawnInfoTable c'tor and d'tor instantiated one each thread
 
-PawnInfoTable::PawnInfoTable(unsigned numOfEntries) {
+PawnInfoTable::PawnInfoTable() {
+
+  entries = new PawnInfo[PawnTableSize];
 
-  size = numOfEntries;
-  entries = new PawnInfo[size];
   if (!entries)
   {
-      std::cerr << "Failed to allocate " << (numOfEntries * sizeof(PawnInfo))
+      std::cerr << "Failed to allocate " << (PawnTableSize * sizeof(PawnInfo))
                 << " bytes for pawn hash table." << std::endl;
-      Application::exit_with_failure();
+      exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
   }
+  memset(entries, 0, PawnTableSize * sizeof(PawnInfo));
 }
 
 
-/// Destructor
-
 PawnInfoTable::~PawnInfoTable() {
+
   delete [] entries;
 }
 
 
-/// PawnInfo::clear() resets to zero the PawnInfo entry. Note that
-/// kingSquares[] is initialized to SQ_NONE instead.
-
-void PawnInfo::clear() {
-
-  memset(this, 0, sizeof(PawnInfo));
-  kingSquares[WHITE] = kingSquares[BLACK] = SQ_NONE;
-}
-
-
 /// PawnInfoTable::get_pawn_info() takes a position object as input, computes
-/// a PawnInfo object, and returns a pointer to it.  The result is also
+/// a PawnInfo object, and returns a pointer to it. The result is also stored
-/// stored in a hash table, so we don't have to recompute everything when
+/// in a hash table, so we don't have to recompute everything when the same
-/// the same pawn structure occurs again.
+/// pawn structure occurs again.
 
-PawnInfo* PawnInfoTable::get_pawn_info(const Position& pos) {
+PawnInfo* PawnInfoTable::get_pawn_info(const Position& pos) const {
 
   assert(pos.is_ok());
 
   Key key = pos.get_pawn_key();
-  int index = int(key & (size - 1));
+  unsigned index = unsigned(key & (PawnTableSize - 1));
   PawnInfo* pi = entries + index;
 
   // If pi->key matches the position's pawn hash key, it means that we
@@ -187,223 +123,116 @@ PawnInfo* PawnInfoTable::get_pawn_info(const Position& pos) {
       return pi;
 
   // Clear the PawnInfo object, and set the key
-  pi->clear();
+  memset(pi, 0, sizeof(PawnInfo));
+  pi->halfOpenFiles[WHITE] = pi->halfOpenFiles[BLACK] = 0xFF;
+  pi->kingSquares[WHITE] = pi->kingSquares[BLACK] = SQ_NONE;
   pi->key = key;
 
-  Value mgValue[2] = {Value(0), Value(0)};
-  Value egValue[2] = {Value(0), Value(0)};
-
   // Calculate pawn attacks
-  pi->pawnAttacks[WHITE] = ((pos.pieces(PAWN, WHITE) << 9) & ~FileABB) | ((pos.pieces(PAWN, WHITE) << 7) & ~FileHBB);
+  Bitboard wPawns = pos.pieces(PAWN, WHITE);
-  pi->pawnAttacks[BLACK] = ((pos.pieces(PAWN, BLACK) >> 7) & ~FileABB) | ((pos.pieces(PAWN, BLACK) >> 9) & ~FileHBB);
+  Bitboard bPawns = pos.pieces(PAWN, BLACK);
+  pi->pawnAttacks[WHITE] = ((wPawns << 9) & ~FileABB) | ((wPawns << 7) & ~FileHBB);
+  pi->pawnAttacks[BLACK] = ((bPawns >> 7) & ~FileABB) | ((bPawns >> 9) & ~FileHBB);
 
-  // Loop through the pawns for both colors
+  // Evaluate pawns for both colors
-  for (Color us = WHITE; us <= BLACK; us++)
+  pi->value =  evaluate_pawns<WHITE>(pos, wPawns, bPawns, pi)
-  {
+             - evaluate_pawns<BLACK>(pos, bPawns, wPawns, pi);
-    Color them = opposite_color(us);
-    Bitboard ourPawns = pos.pieces(PAWN, us);
-    Bitboard theirPawns = pos.pieces(PAWN, them);
-    Bitboard pawns = ourPawns;
-
-    // Initialize pawn storm scores by giving bonuses for open files
-    for (File f = FILE_A; f <= FILE_H; f++)
-        if (!(pawns & file_bb(f)))
-        {
-            pi->ksStormValue[us] += KStormOpenFileBonus[f];
-            pi->qsStormValue[us] += QStormOpenFileBonus[f];
-            pi->halfOpenFiles[us] |= (1 << f);
-        }
-
-    // Loop through all pawns of the current color and score each pawn
-    while (pawns)
-    {
-        Square s = pop_1st_bit(&pawns);
-        File f = square_file(s);
-        Rank r = square_rank(s);
-
-        assert(pos.piece_on(s) == piece_of_color_and_type(us, PAWN));
-
-        // Passed, isolated or doubled pawn?
-        bool passed   = Position::pawn_is_passed(theirPawns, us, s);
-        bool isolated = Position::pawn_is_isolated(ourPawns, s);
-        bool doubled  = Position::pawn_is_doubled(ourPawns, us, s);
-
-        // We calculate kingside and queenside pawn storm
-        // scores for both colors. These are used when evaluating
-        // middle game positions with opposite side castling.
-        //
-        // Each pawn is given a base score given by a piece square table
-        // (KStormTable[] or QStormTable[]). Pawns which seem to have good
-        // chances of creating an open file by exchanging itself against an
-        // enemy pawn on an adjacent file gets an additional bonus.
-
-        // Kingside pawn storms
-        int bonus = KStormTable[relative_square(us, s)];
-        if (f >= FILE_F)
-        {
-            Bitboard b = outpost_mask(us, s) & theirPawns & (FileFBB | FileGBB | FileHBB);
-            while (b)
-            {
-                Square s2 = pop_1st_bit(&b);
-                if (!(theirPawns & neighboring_files_bb(s2) & rank_bb(s2)))
-                {
-                    // The enemy pawn has no pawn beside itself, which makes it
-                    // particularly vulnerable. Big bonus, especially against a
-                    // weakness on the rook file.
-                    if (square_file(s2) == FILE_H)
-                        bonus += 4*StormLeverBonus[f] - 8*square_distance(s, s2);
-                    else
-                        bonus += 2*StormLeverBonus[f] - 4*square_distance(s, s2);
-                } else
-                    // There is at least one enemy pawn beside the enemy pawn we look
-                    // at, which means that the pawn has somewhat better chances of
-                    // defending itself by advancing. Smaller bonus.
-                    bonus += StormLeverBonus[f] - 2*square_distance(s, s2);
-            }
-        }
-        pi->ksStormValue[us] += bonus;
-
-        // Queenside pawn storms
-        bonus = QStormTable[relative_square(us, s)];
-        if (f <= FILE_C)
-        {
-            Bitboard b = outpost_mask(us, s) & theirPawns & (FileABB | FileBBB | FileCBB);
-            while (b)
-            {
-                Square s2 = pop_1st_bit(&b);
-                if (!(theirPawns & neighboring_files_bb(s2) & rank_bb(s2)))
-                {
-                    // The enemy pawn has no pawn beside itself, which makes it
-                    // particularly vulnerable. Big bonus, especially against a
-                    // weakness on the rook file.
-                    if (square_file(s2) == FILE_A)
-                        bonus += 4*StormLeverBonus[f] - 16*square_distance(s, s2);
-                    else
-                        bonus += 2*StormLeverBonus[f] - 8*square_distance(s, s2);
-                } else
-                    // There is at least one enemy pawn beside the enemy pawn we look
-                    // at, which means that the pawn has somewhat better chances of
-                    // defending itself by advancing. Smaller bonus.
-                    bonus += StormLeverBonus[f] - 4*square_distance(s, s2);
-            }
-        }
-        pi->qsStormValue[us] += bonus;
-
-        // Member of a pawn chain (but not the backward one)? We could speed up
-        // the test a little by introducing an array of masks indexed by color
-        // and square for doing the test, but because everything is hashed,
-        // it probably won't make any noticable difference.
-        bool chain =  ourPawns
-                    & neighboring_files_bb(f)
-                    & (rank_bb(r) | rank_bb(r - (us == WHITE ? 1 : -1)));
-
-        // Test for backward pawn
-        //
-        // If the pawn is passed, isolated, or member of a pawn chain
-        // it cannot be backward. If can capture an enemy pawn or if
-        // there are friendly pawns behind on neighboring files it cannot
-        // be backward either.
-        bool backward;
-        if (   passed
-            || isolated
-            || chain
-            || (pos.attacks_from<PAWN>(s, us) & theirPawns)
-            || (ourPawns & behind_bb(us, r) & neighboring_files_bb(f)))
-            backward = false;
-        else
-        {
-            // We now know that there are no friendly pawns beside or behind this
-            // pawn on neighboring files. We now check whether the pawn is
-            // backward by looking in the forward direction on the neighboring
-            // files, and seeing whether we meet a friendly or an enemy pawn first.
-            Bitboard b = pos.attacks_from<PAWN>(s, us);
-            if (us == WHITE)
-            {
-                for ( ; !(b & (ourPawns | theirPawns)); b <<= 8);
-                backward = (b | (b << 8)) & theirPawns;
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                for ( ; !(b & (ourPawns | theirPawns)); b >>= 8);
-                backward = (b | (b >> 8)) & theirPawns;
-            }
-        }
-
-        // Test for candidate passed pawn
-        bool candidate;
-        candidate =    !passed
-                    && !(theirPawns & file_bb(f))
-                    && (  count_1s_max_15(neighboring_files_bb(f) & (behind_bb(us, r) | rank_bb(r)) & ourPawns)
-                        - count_1s_max_15(neighboring_files_bb(f) & in_front_bb(us, r)              & theirPawns)
-                        >= 0);
-
-        // In order to prevent doubled passed pawns from receiving a too big
-        // bonus, only the frontmost passed pawn on each file is considered as
-        // a true passed pawn.
-        if (passed && (ourPawns & squares_in_front_of(us, s)))
-            passed = false;
-
-        // Score this pawn
-        if (passed)
-            set_bit(&(pi->passedPawns), s);
-
-        if (isolated)
-        {
-            mgValue[us] -= IsolatedPawnMidgamePenalty[f];
-            egValue[us] -= IsolatedPawnEndgamePenalty[f];
-            if (!(theirPawns & file_bb(f)))
-            {
-                mgValue[us] -= IsolatedPawnMidgamePenalty[f] / 2;
-                egValue[us] -= IsolatedPawnEndgamePenalty[f] / 2;
-            }
-        }
-        if (doubled)
-        {
-            mgValue[us] -= DoubledPawnMidgamePenalty[f];
-            egValue[us] -= DoubledPawnEndgamePenalty[f];
-        }
-        if (backward)
-        {
-            mgValue[us] -= BackwardPawnMidgamePenalty[f];
-            egValue[us] -= BackwardPawnEndgamePenalty[f];
-            if (!(theirPawns & file_bb(f)))
-            {
-                mgValue[us] -= BackwardPawnMidgamePenalty[f] / 2;
-                egValue[us] -= BackwardPawnEndgamePenalty[f] / 2;
-            }
-        }
-        if (chain)
-        {
-            mgValue[us] += ChainMidgameBonus[f];
-            egValue[us] += ChainEndgameBonus[f];
-        }
-        if (candidate)
-        {
-            mgValue[us] += CandidateMidgameBonus[relative_rank(us, s)];
-            egValue[us] += CandidateEndgameBonus[relative_rank(us, s)];
-        }
-    } // while(pawns)
-  } // for(colors)
-
-  pi->mgValue = int16_t(mgValue[WHITE] - mgValue[BLACK]);
-  pi->egValue = int16_t(egValue[WHITE] - egValue[BLACK]);
   return pi;
 }
 
 
-/// PawnInfo::updateShelter calculates and caches king shelter. It is called
+/// PawnInfoTable::evaluate_pawns() evaluates each pawn of the given color
-/// only when king square changes, about 20% of total get_king_shelter() calls.
-int PawnInfo::updateShelter(const Position& pos, Color c, Square ksq) {
 
-  unsigned shelter = 0;
+template<Color Us>
-  Bitboard pawns = pos.pieces(PAWN, c) & this_and_neighboring_files_bb(ksq);
+Score PawnInfoTable::evaluate_pawns(const Position& pos, Bitboard ourPawns,
-  unsigned r = ksq & (7 << 3);
+                                    Bitboard theirPawns, PawnInfo* pi) const {
-  for (int i = 1, k = (c ? -8 : 8); i < 4; i++)
+  Bitboard b;
+  Square s;
+  File f;
+  Rank r;
+  bool passed, isolated, doubled, opposed, chain, backward, candidate;
+  Score value = SCORE_ZERO;
+  const BitCountType Max15 = CpuIs64Bit ? CNT64_MAX15 : CNT32_MAX15;
+  const Square* ptr = pos.piece_list_begin(Us, PAWN);
+
+  // Loop through all pawns of the current color and score each pawn
+  while ((s = *ptr++) != SQ_NONE)
   {
-      r += k;
+      assert(pos.piece_on(s) == piece_of_color_and_type(Us, PAWN));
-      shelter += BitCount8Bit[(pawns >> r) & 0xFF] * (128 >> i);
+
+      f = square_file(s);
+      r = square_rank(s);
+
+      // This file cannot be half open
+      pi->halfOpenFiles[Us] &= ~(1 << f);
+
+      // Our rank plus previous one. Used for chain detection.
+      b = rank_bb(r) | rank_bb(Us == WHITE ? r - Rank(1) : r + Rank(1));
+
+      // Passed, isolated, doubled or member of a pawn
+      // chain (but not the backward one) ?
+      passed   = !(theirPawns & passed_pawn_mask(Us, s));
+      doubled  =   ourPawns   & squares_in_front_of(Us, s);
+      opposed  =   theirPawns & squares_in_front_of(Us, s);
+      isolated = !(ourPawns   & neighboring_files_bb(f));
+      chain    =   ourPawns   & neighboring_files_bb(f) & b;
+
+      // Test for backward pawn
+      //
+      backward = false;
+
+      // If the pawn is passed, isolated, or member of a pawn chain
+      // it cannot be backward. If can capture an enemy pawn or if
+      // there are friendly pawns behind on neighboring files it cannot
+      // be backward either.
+      if (   !(passed | isolated | chain)
+          && !(ourPawns & attack_span_mask(opposite_color(Us), s))
+          && !(pos.attacks_from<PAWN>(s, Us) & theirPawns))
+      {
+          // We now know that there are no friendly pawns beside or behind this
+          // pawn on neighboring files. We now check whether the pawn is
+          // backward by looking in the forward direction on the neighboring
+          // files, and seeing whether we meet a friendly or an enemy pawn first.
+          b = pos.attacks_from<PAWN>(s, Us);
+
+          // Note that we are sure to find something because pawn is not passed
+          // nor isolated, so loop is potentially infinite, but it isn't.
+          while (!(b & (ourPawns | theirPawns)))
+              Us == WHITE ? b <<= 8 : b >>= 8;
+
+          // The friendly pawn needs to be at least two ranks closer than the enemy
+          // pawn in order to help the potentially backward pawn advance.
+          backward = (b | (Us == WHITE ? b << 8 : b >> 8)) & theirPawns;
+      }
+
+      assert(passed | opposed | (attack_span_mask(Us, s) & theirPawns));
+
+      // Test for candidate passed pawn
+      candidate =   !(opposed | passed)
+                 && (b = attack_span_mask(opposite_color(Us), s + pawn_push(Us)) & ourPawns) != EmptyBoardBB
+                 &&  count_1s<Max15>(b) >= count_1s<Max15>(attack_span_mask(Us, s) & theirPawns);
+
+      // Mark the pawn as passed. Pawn will be properly scored in evaluation
+      // because we need full attack info to evaluate passed pawns. Only the
+      // frontmost passed pawn on each file is considered a true passed pawn.
+      if (passed && !doubled)
+          set_bit(&(pi->passedPawns[Us]), s);
+
+      // Score this pawn
+      if (isolated)
+          value -= IsolatedPawnPenalty[opposed][f];
+
+      if (doubled)
+          value -= DoubledPawnPenalty[opposed][f];
+
+      if (backward)
+          value -= BackwardPawnPenalty[opposed][f];
+
+      if (chain)
+          value += ChainBonus[f];
+
+      if (candidate)
+          value += CandidateBonus[relative_rank(Us, s)];
   }
-  kingSquares[c] = ksq;
+  return value;
-  kingShelters[c] = shelter;
-  return shelter;
 }

src/pawns.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -26,50 +26,47 @@
 ////
 
 #include "bitboard.h"
+#include "position.h"
 #include "value.h"
 
 ////
 //// Types
 ////
 
+const int PawnTableSize = 16384;
+
 /// PawnInfo is a class which contains various information about a pawn
 /// structure. Currently, it only includes a middle game and an end game
 /// pawn structure evaluation, and a bitboard of passed pawns. We may want
 /// to add further information in the future. A lookup to the pawn hash table
 /// (performed by calling the get_pawn_info method in a PawnInfoTable object)
 /// returns a pointer to a PawnInfo object.
-class Position;
-
 class PawnInfo {
 
   friend class PawnInfoTable;
 
 public:
-  PawnInfo() { clear(); }
+  Score pawns_value() const;
-
-  Value mg_value() const;
-  Value eg_value() const;
-  Value kingside_storm_value(Color c) const;
-  Value queenside_storm_value(Color c) const;
   Bitboard pawn_attacks(Color c) const;
-  Bitboard passed_pawns() const;
+  Bitboard passed_pawns(Color c) const;
   int file_is_half_open(Color c, File f) const;
   int has_open_file_to_left(Color c, File f) const;
   int has_open_file_to_right(Color c, File f) const;
-  int get_king_shelter(const Position& pos, Color c, Square ksq);
+
+  template<Color Us>
+  Score king_shelter(const Position& pos, Square ksq);
 
 private:
-  void clear();
+  template<Color Us>
-  int updateShelter(const Position& pos, Color c, Square ksq);
+  Score updateShelter(const Position& pos, Square ksq);
 
   Key key;
-  Bitboard passedPawns;
+  Bitboard passedPawns[2];
   Bitboard pawnAttacks[2];
-  int16_t mgValue, egValue;
-  int16_t ksStormValue[2], qsStormValue[2];
-  uint8_t halfOpenFiles[2];
   Square kingSquares[2];
-  uint8_t kingShelters[2];
+  Score value;
+  int halfOpenFiles[2];
+  Score kingShelters[2];
 };
 
 /// The PawnInfoTable class represents a pawn hash table.  It is basically
@@ -79,13 +76,21 @@ private:
 
 class PawnInfoTable {
 
+  enum SideType { KingSide, QueenSide };
+
+  PawnInfoTable(const PawnInfoTable&);
+  PawnInfoTable& operator=(const PawnInfoTable&);
+
 public:
-  PawnInfoTable(unsigned numOfEntries);
+  PawnInfoTable();
   ~PawnInfoTable();
-  PawnInfo* get_pawn_info(const Position& pos);
+  PawnInfo* get_pawn_info(const Position& pos) const;
+  void prefetch(Key key) const;
 
 private:
-  unsigned size;
+  template<Color Us>
+  Score evaluate_pawns(const Position& pos, Bitboard ourPawns, Bitboard theirPawns, PawnInfo* pi) const;
+
   PawnInfo* entries;
 };
 
@@ -94,28 +99,23 @@ private:
 //// Inline functions
 ////
 
-inline Value PawnInfo::mg_value() const {
+inline void PawnInfoTable::prefetch(Key key) const {
-  return Value(mgValue);
+
+    unsigned index = unsigned(key & (PawnTableSize - 1));
+    PawnInfo* pi = entries + index;
+    ::prefetch((char*) pi);
 }
 
-inline Value PawnInfo::eg_value() const {
+inline Score PawnInfo::pawns_value() const {
-  return Value(egValue);
+  return value;
-}
-
-inline Bitboard PawnInfo::passed_pawns() const {
-  return passedPawns;
 }
 
 inline Bitboard PawnInfo::pawn_attacks(Color c) const {
   return pawnAttacks[c];
 }
 
-inline Value PawnInfo::kingside_storm_value(Color c) const {
+inline Bitboard PawnInfo::passed_pawns(Color c) const {
-  return Value(ksStormValue[c]);
+  return passedPawns[c];
-}
-
-inline Value PawnInfo::queenside_storm_value(Color c) const {
-  return Value(qsStormValue[c]);
 }
 
 inline int PawnInfo::file_is_half_open(Color c, File f) const {
@@ -130,8 +130,34 @@ inline int PawnInfo::has_open_file_to_right(Color c, File f) const {
   return halfOpenFiles[c] & ~((1 << int(f+1)) - 1);
 }
 
-inline int PawnInfo::get_king_shelter(const Position& pos, Color c, Square ksq) {
+/// PawnInfo::updateShelter() calculates and caches king shelter. It is called
-  return (kingSquares[c] == ksq ? kingShelters[c] : updateShelter(pos, c, ksq));
+/// only when king square changes, about 20% of total king_shelter() calls.
+template<Color Us>
+Score PawnInfo::updateShelter(const Position& pos, Square ksq) {
+
+  const int Shift = (Us == WHITE ? 8 : -8);
+
+  Bitboard pawns;
+  int r, shelter = 0;
+
+  if (relative_rank(Us, ksq) <= RANK_4)
+  {
+      pawns = pos.pieces(PAWN, Us) & this_and_neighboring_files_bb(ksq);
+      r = square_rank(ksq) * 8;
+      for (int i = 1; i < 4; i++)
+      {
+          r += Shift;
+          shelter += BitCount8Bit[(pawns >> r) & 0xFF] * (128 >> i);
+      }
+  }
+  kingSquares[Us] = ksq;
+  kingShelters[Us] = make_score(shelter, 0);
+  return kingShelters[Us];
+}
+
+template<Color Us>
+inline Score PawnInfo::king_shelter(const Position& pos, Square ksq) {
+  return kingSquares[Us] == ksq ? kingShelters[Us] : updateShelter<Us>(pos, ksq);
 }
 
 #endif // !defined(PAWNS_H_INCLUDED)

src/piece.cpp

@@ -1,49 +0,0 @@
-/*
-  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
-  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
-
-  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-  (at your option) any later version.
-
-  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-  GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-*/
-
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
-#include <string>
-
-#include "piece.h"
-
-using namespace std;
-
-////
-//// Functions
-////
-
-/// Translating piece types to/from English piece letters
-
-static const string PieceChars(" pnbrqk PNBRQK");
-
-char piece_type_to_char(PieceType pt, bool upcase) {
-
-  return PieceChars[pt + upcase * 7];
-}
-
-PieceType piece_type_from_char(char c) {
-
-  size_t idx = PieceChars.find(c);
-
-  return idx != string::npos ? PieceType(idx % 7) : NO_PIECE_TYPE;
-}

src/piece.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -25,8 +25,11 @@
 //// Includes
 ////
 
+#include <string>
+
 #include "color.h"
 #include "square.h"
+#include "value.h"
 
 
 ////
@@ -34,39 +37,45 @@
 ////
 
 enum PieceType {
-  NO_PIECE_TYPE = 0,
+  PIECE_TYPE_NONE = 0,
   PAWN = 1, KNIGHT = 2, BISHOP = 3, ROOK = 4, QUEEN = 5, KING = 6
 };
 
 enum Piece {
-  NO_PIECE = 0, WP = 1, WN = 2, WB = 3, WR = 4, WQ = 5, WK = 6,
+  PIECE_NONE_DARK_SQ = 0, WP = 1, WN = 2, WB = 3, WR = 4, WQ = 5, WK = 6,
-  BP = 9, BN = 10, BB = 11, BR = 12, BQ = 13, BK = 14,
+  BP = 9, BN = 10, BB = 11, BR = 12, BQ = 13, BK = 14, PIECE_NONE = 16
-  EMPTY = 16, OUTSIDE = 17
 };
 
+ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(PieceType)
+ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(Piece)
+
 
 ////
 //// Constants
 ////
 
-const int SlidingArray[18] = {
+/// Important: If the material values are changed, one must also
-  0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0
+/// adjust the piece square tables, and the method game_phase() in the
-};
+/// Position class!
+///
+/// Values modified by Joona Kiiski
+
+const Value PawnValueMidgame   = Value(0x0C6);
+const Value PawnValueEndgame   = Value(0x102);
+const Value KnightValueMidgame = Value(0x331);
+const Value KnightValueEndgame = Value(0x34E);
+const Value BishopValueMidgame = Value(0x344);
+const Value BishopValueEndgame = Value(0x359);
+const Value RookValueMidgame   = Value(0x4F6);
+const Value RookValueEndgame   = Value(0x4FE);
+const Value QueenValueMidgame  = Value(0x9D9);
+const Value QueenValueEndgame  = Value(0x9FE);
 
 
 ////
 //// Inline functions
 ////
 
-inline Piece operator+ (Piece p, int i) { return Piece(int(p) + i); }
-inline void operator++ (Piece &p, int) { p = Piece(int(p) + 1); }
-inline Piece operator- (Piece p, int i) { return Piece(int(p) - i); }
-inline void operator-- (Piece &p, int) { p = Piece(int(p) - 1); }
-inline PieceType operator+ (PieceType p, int i) {return PieceType(int(p) + i);}
-inline void operator++ (PieceType &p, int) { p = PieceType(int(p) + 1); }
-inline PieceType operator- (PieceType p, int i) {return PieceType(int(p) - i);}
-inline void operator-- (PieceType &p, int) { p = PieceType(int(p) - 1); }
-
 inline PieceType type_of_piece(Piece p)  {
   return PieceType(int(p) & 7);
 }
@@ -79,29 +88,24 @@ inline Piece piece_of_color_and_type(Color c, PieceType pt) {
   return Piece((int(c) << 3) | int(pt));
 }
 
-inline int piece_is_slider(Piece p) {
-  return SlidingArray[int(p)];
-}
-
 inline SquareDelta pawn_push(Color c) {
     return (c == WHITE ? DELTA_N : DELTA_S);
 }
 
-inline bool piece_type_is_ok(PieceType pc) {
+inline bool piece_type_is_ok(PieceType pt) {
-  return pc >= PAWN && pc <= KING;
+  return pt >= PAWN && pt <= KING;
 }
 
-inline bool piece_is_ok(Piece pc) {
+inline bool piece_is_ok(Piece p) {
-  return piece_type_is_ok(type_of_piece(pc)) && color_is_ok(color_of_piece(pc));
+  return piece_type_is_ok(type_of_piece(p)) && color_is_ok(color_of_piece(p));
 }
 
+inline char piece_type_to_char(PieceType pt) {
+  return std::string(" PNBRQK")[pt];
+}
 
-////
+inline PieceType piece_type_from_char(char c) {
-//// Prototypes
+  return PieceType(std::string(" PNBRQK").find(c));
-////
+}
-
-extern char piece_type_to_char(PieceType pt, bool upcase = false);
-extern PieceType piece_type_from_char(char c);
-
 
 #endif // !defined(PIECE_H_INCLUDED)

src/position.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -21,25 +21,12 @@
 #if !defined(POSITION_H_INCLUDED)
 #define POSITION_H_INCLUDED
 
-// Disable some silly and noisy warning from MSVC compiler
-#if defined(_MSC_VER)
-
-// Forcing value to bool 'true' or 'false' (performance warning)
-#pragma warning(disable: 4800)
-
-// Conditional expression is constant
-#pragma warning(disable: 4127)
-
-
-#endif
-
 ////
 //// Includes
 ////
 
 #include "bitboard.h"
 #include "color.h"
-#include "direction.h"
 #include "move.h"
 #include "piece.h"
 #include "square.h"
@@ -50,9 +37,6 @@
 //// Constants
 ////
 
-/// FEN string for the initial position
-const std::string StartPosition = "rnbqkbnr/pppppppp/8/8/8/8/PPPPPPPP/RNBQKBNR w KQkq - 0 1";
-
 /// Maximum number of plies per game (220 should be enough, because the
 /// maximum search depth is 100, and during position setup we reset the
 /// move counter for every non-reversible move).
@@ -63,15 +47,27 @@ const int MaxGameLength = 220;
 //// Types
 ////
 
+/// struct checkInfo is initialized at c'tor time and keeps
+/// info used to detect if a move gives check.
+
+struct CheckInfo {
+
+    explicit CheckInfo(const Position&);
+
+    Bitboard dcCandidates;
+    Bitboard checkSq[8];
+    Square ksq;
+};
+
 /// Castle rights, encoded as bit fields
 
 enum CastleRights {
-  NO_CASTLES  = 0,
+  CASTLES_NONE = 0,
-  WHITE_OO    = 1,
+  WHITE_OO     = 1,
-  BLACK_OO    = 2,
+  BLACK_OO     = 2,
-  WHITE_OOO   = 4,
+  WHITE_OOO    = 4,
-  BLACK_OOO   = 8,
+  BLACK_OOO    = 8,
-  ALL_CASTLES = 15
+  ALL_CASTLES  = 15
 };
 
 /// Game phase
@@ -87,13 +83,14 @@ enum Phase {
 /// must be passed as a parameter.
 
 struct StateInfo {
-  Key key, pawnKey, materialKey;
+  Key pawnKey, materialKey;
-  int castleRights, rule50;
+  int castleRights, rule50, gamePly, pliesFromNull;
   Square epSquare;
-  Value mgValue, egValue;
+  Score value;
   Value npMaterial[2];
 
-  PieceType capture;
+  PieceType capturedType;
+  Key key;
   Bitboard checkersBB;
   StateInfo* previous;
 };
@@ -126,6 +123,9 @@ class Position {
   friend class MaterialInfo;
   friend class EndgameFunctions;
 
+  Position(); // No default or copy c'tor allowed
+  Position(const Position& pos);
+
 public:
   enum GamePhase {
       MidGame,
@@ -133,17 +133,15 @@ public:
   };
 
   // Constructors
-  Position() {}
+  Position(const Position& pos, int threadID);
-  Position(const Position& pos);
+  Position(const std::string& fen, bool isChess960, int threadID);
-  Position(const std::string& fen);
 
   // Text input/output
-  void from_fen(const std::string& fen);
+  void from_fen(const std::string& fen, bool isChess960);
   const std::string to_fen() const;
   void print(Move m = MOVE_NONE) const;
 
   // Copying
-  void copy(const Position& pos);
   void flipped_copy(const Position& pos);
 
   // The piece on a given square
@@ -198,31 +196,33 @@ public:
   // Information about attacks to or from a given square
   Bitboard attackers_to(Square s) const;
   Bitboard attacks_from(Piece p, Square s) const;
+  static Bitboard attacks_from(Piece p, Square s, Bitboard occ);
   template<PieceType> Bitboard attacks_from(Square s) const;
   template<PieceType> Bitboard attacks_from(Square s, Color c) const;
 
   // Properties of moves
-  bool pl_move_is_legal(Move m) const;
   bool pl_move_is_legal(Move m, Bitboard pinned) const;
+  bool pl_move_is_evasion(Move m, Bitboard pinned) const;
   bool move_is_check(Move m) const;
-  bool move_is_check(Move m, Bitboard dcCandidates) const;
+  bool move_is_check(Move m, const CheckInfo& ci) const;
   bool move_is_capture(Move m) const;
+  bool move_is_capture_or_promotion(Move m) const;
   bool move_is_passed_pawn_push(Move m) const;
   bool move_attacks_square(Move m, Square s) const;
 
+  // Piece captured with previous moves
+  PieceType captured_piece_type() const;
+
   // Information about pawns
   bool pawn_is_passed(Color c, Square s) const;
-  static bool pawn_is_passed(Bitboard theirPawns, Color c, Square s);
-  static bool pawn_is_isolated(Bitboard ourPawns, Square s);
-  static bool pawn_is_doubled(Bitboard ourPawns, Color c, Square s);
 
   // Weak squares
   bool square_is_weak(Square s, Color c) const;
 
   // Doing and undoing moves
-  void saveState();
+  void detach();
   void do_move(Move m, StateInfo& st);
-  void do_move(Move m, StateInfo& st, Bitboard dcCandidates);
+  void do_move(Move m, StateInfo& st, const CheckInfo& ci, bool moveIsCheck);
   void undo_move(Move m);
   void do_null_move(StateInfo& st);
   void undo_null_move();
@@ -230,37 +230,44 @@ public:
   // Static exchange evaluation
   int see(Square from, Square to) const;
   int see(Move m) const;
-  int see(Square to) const;
   int see_sign(Move m) const;
 
   // Accessing hash keys
   Key get_key() const;
+  Key get_exclusion_key() const;
   Key get_pawn_key() const;
   Key get_material_key() const;
 
   // Incremental evaluation
-  Value mg_value() const;
+  Score value() const;
-  Value eg_value() const;
   Value non_pawn_material(Color c) const;
-  Phase game_phase() const;
+  static Score pst_delta(Piece piece, Square from, Square to);
-  template<GamePhase> Value pst_delta(Piece piece, Square from, Square to) const;
 
   // Game termination checks
   bool is_mate() const;
   bool is_draw() const;
 
-  // Check if one side threatens a mate in one
+  // Check if side to move could be mated in one
-  bool has_mate_threat(Color c);
+  bool has_mate_threat();
 
   // Number of plies since the last non-reversible move
   int rule_50_counter() const;
 
+  int startpos_ply_counter() const;
+
   // Other properties of the position
   bool opposite_colored_bishops() const;
   bool has_pawn_on_7th(Color c) const;
+  bool is_chess960() const;
+
+  // Current thread ID searching on the position
+  int thread() const;
 
   // Reset the gamePly variable to 0
   void reset_game_ply();
+  void inc_startpos_ply_counter();
+  int64_t nodes_searched() const;
+  void set_nodes_searched(int64_t n);
 
   // Position consistency check, for debugging
   bool is_ok(int* failedStep = NULL) const;
@@ -274,18 +281,16 @@ private:
   // Initialization helper functions (used while setting up a position)
   void clear();
   void put_piece(Piece p, Square s);
-  void allow_oo(Color c);
+  void do_allow_oo(Color c);
-  void allow_ooo(Color c);
+  void do_allow_ooo(Color c);
+  bool set_castling_rights(char token);
 
   // Helper functions for doing and undoing moves
-  void do_capture_move(Bitboard& key, PieceType capture, Color them, Square to, bool ep);
+  void do_capture_move(Key& key, PieceType capture, Color them, Square to, bool ep);
   void do_castle_move(Move m);
   void undo_castle_move(Move m);
   void find_checkers();
 
-  template<PieceType Piece>
-  void update_checkers(Bitboard* pCheckersBB, Square ksq, Square from, Square to, Bitboard dcCandidates);
-
   template<bool FindPinned>
   Bitboard hidden_checkers(Color c) const;
 
@@ -295,8 +300,8 @@ private:
   Key compute_material_key() const;
 
   // Computing incremental evaluation scores and material counts
-  template<GamePhase> Value pst(Color c, PieceType pt, Square s) const;
+  static Score pst(Color c, PieceType pt, Square s);
-  template<GamePhase> Value compute_value() const;
+  Score compute_value() const;
   Value compute_non_pawn_material(Color c) const;
 
   // Board
@@ -314,21 +319,26 @@ private:
 
   // Other info
   Color sideToMove;
-  int gamePly;
   Key history[MaxGameLength];
-  File initialKFile, initialKRFile, initialQRFile;
+  int castleRightsMask[64];
   StateInfo startState;
+  File initialKFile, initialKRFile, initialQRFile;
+  bool isChess960;
+  int startPosPlyCounter;
+  int threadID;
+  int64_t nodes;
   StateInfo* st;
 
   // Static variables
-  static int castleRightsMask[64];
   static Key zobrist[2][8][64];
   static Key zobEp[64];
   static Key zobCastle[16];
-  static Key zobMaterial[2][8][16];
   static Key zobSideToMove;
-  static Value MgPieceSquareTable[16][64];
+  static Score PieceSquareTable[16][64];
-  static Value EgPieceSquareTable[16][64];
+  static Key zobExclusion;
+  static const Value seeValues[8];
+  static const Value PieceValueMidgame[17];
+  static const Value PieceValueEndgame[17];
 };
 
 
@@ -336,6 +346,14 @@ private:
 //// Inline functions
 ////
 
+inline int64_t Position::nodes_searched() const {
+  return nodes;
+}
+
+inline void Position::set_nodes_searched(int64_t n) {
+  nodes = n;
+}
+
 inline Piece Position::piece_on(Square s) const {
   return board[s];
 }
@@ -349,7 +367,7 @@ inline PieceType Position::type_of_piece_on(Square s) const {
 }
 
 inline bool Position::square_is_empty(Square s) const {
-  return piece_on(s) == EMPTY;
+  return piece_on(s) == PIECE_NONE;
 }
 
 inline bool Position::square_is_occupied(Square s) const {
@@ -357,11 +375,11 @@ inline bool Position::square_is_occupied(Square s) const {
 }
 
 inline Value Position::midgame_value_of_piece_on(Square s) const {
-  return piece_value_midgame(piece_on(s));
+  return PieceValueMidgame[piece_on(s)];
 }
 
 inline Value Position::endgame_value_of_piece_on(Square s) const {
-  return piece_value_endgame(piece_on(s));
+  return PieceValueEndgame[piece_on(s)];
 }
 
 inline Color Position::side_to_move() const {
@@ -373,7 +391,7 @@ inline Bitboard Position::occupied_squares() const {
 }
 
 inline Bitboard Position::empty_squares() const {
-  return ~(occupied_squares());
+  return ~occupied_squares();
 }
 
 inline Bitboard Position::pieces_of_color(Color c) const {
@@ -400,8 +418,8 @@ inline int Position::piece_count(Color c, PieceType pt) const {
   return pieceCount[c][pt];
 }
 
-inline Square Position::piece_list(Color c, PieceType pt, int index) const {
+inline Square Position::piece_list(Color c, PieceType pt, int idx) const {
-  return pieceList[c][pt][index];
+  return pieceList[c][pt][idx];
 }
 
 inline const Square* Position::piece_list_begin(Color c, PieceType pt) const {
@@ -473,26 +491,18 @@ inline bool Position::pawn_is_passed(Color c, Square s) const {
   return !(pieces(PAWN, opposite_color(c)) & passed_pawn_mask(c, s));
 }
 
-inline bool Position::pawn_is_passed(Bitboard theirPawns, Color c, Square s) {
-  return !(theirPawns & passed_pawn_mask(c, s));
-}
-
-inline bool Position::pawn_is_isolated(Bitboard ourPawns, Square s) {
-  return !(ourPawns & neighboring_files_bb(s));
-}
-
-inline bool Position::pawn_is_doubled(Bitboard ourPawns, Color c, Square s) {
-  return ourPawns & squares_behind(c, s);
-}
-
 inline bool Position::square_is_weak(Square s, Color c) const {
-  return !(pieces(PAWN, c) & outpost_mask(opposite_color(c), s));
+  return !(pieces(PAWN, opposite_color(c)) & attack_span_mask(c, s));
 }
 
 inline Key Position::get_key() const {
   return st->key;
 }
 
+inline Key Position::get_exclusion_key() const {
+  return st->key ^ zobExclusion;
+}
+
 inline Key Position::get_pawn_key() const {
   return st->pawnKey;
 }
@@ -501,46 +511,22 @@ inline Key Position::get_material_key() const {
   return st->materialKey;
 }
 
-template<Position::GamePhase Ph>
+inline Score Position::pst(Color c, PieceType pt, Square s) {
-inline Value Position::pst(Color c, PieceType pt, Square s) const {
+  return PieceSquareTable[piece_of_color_and_type(c, pt)][s];
-  return (Ph == MidGame ? MgPieceSquareTable[piece_of_color_and_type(c, pt)][s]
-                        : EgPieceSquareTable[piece_of_color_and_type(c, pt)][s]);
 }
 
-template<Position::GamePhase Ph>
+inline Score Position::pst_delta(Piece piece, Square from, Square to) {
-inline Value Position::pst_delta(Piece piece, Square from, Square to) const {
+  return PieceSquareTable[piece][to] - PieceSquareTable[piece][from];
-  return (Ph == MidGame ? MgPieceSquareTable[piece][to] - MgPieceSquareTable[piece][from]
-                        : EgPieceSquareTable[piece][to] - EgPieceSquareTable[piece][from]);
 }
 
-inline Value Position::mg_value() const {
+inline Score Position::value() const {
-  return st->mgValue;
+  return st->value;
-}
-
-inline Value Position::eg_value() const {
-  return st->egValue;
 }
 
 inline Value Position::non_pawn_material(Color c) const {
   return st->npMaterial[c];
 }
 
-inline Phase Position::game_phase() const {
-
-  // Values modified by Joona Kiiski
-  static const Value MidgameLimit = Value(15581);
-  static const Value EndgameLimit = Value(3998);
-
-  Value npm = non_pawn_material(WHITE) + non_pawn_material(BLACK);
-
-  if (npm >= MidgameLimit)
-      return PHASE_MIDGAME;
-  else if(npm <= EndgameLimit)
-      return PHASE_ENDGAME;
-  else
-      return Phase(((npm - EndgameLimit) * 128) / (MidgameLimit - EndgameLimit));
-}
-
 inline bool Position::move_is_passed_pawn_push(Move m) const {
 
   Color c = side_to_move();
@@ -549,27 +535,54 @@ inline bool Position::move_is_passed_pawn_push(Move m) const {
 }
 
 inline int Position::rule_50_counter() const {
-
   return st->rule50;
 }
 
+inline int Position::startpos_ply_counter() const {
+  return startPosPlyCounter;
+}
+
 inline bool Position::opposite_colored_bishops() const {
 
   return   piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP) == 1
         && piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP) == 1
-        && square_color(piece_list(WHITE, BISHOP, 0)) != square_color(piece_list(BLACK, BISHOP, 0));
+        && !same_color_squares(piece_list(WHITE, BISHOP, 0), piece_list(BLACK, BISHOP, 0));
 }
 
 inline bool Position::has_pawn_on_7th(Color c) const {
-
   return pieces(PAWN, c) & relative_rank_bb(c, RANK_7);
 }
 
+inline bool Position::is_chess960() const {
+  return isChess960;
+}
+
 inline bool Position::move_is_capture(Move m) const {
 
   // Move must not be MOVE_NONE !
+  return (m & (3 << 15)) ? !move_is_castle(m) : !square_is_empty(move_to(m));
+}
 
-  return (!square_is_empty(move_to(m)) && !move_is_castle(m)) || move_is_ep(m);
+inline bool Position::move_is_capture_or_promotion(Move m) const {
+
+  // Move must not be MOVE_NONE !
+  return (m & (0x1F << 12)) ? !move_is_castle(m) : !square_is_empty(move_to(m));
+}
+
+inline PieceType Position::captured_piece_type() const {
+  return st->capturedType;
+}
+
+inline int Position::thread() const {
+  return threadID;
+}
+
+inline void Position::do_allow_oo(Color c) {
+  st->castleRights |= (1 + int(c));
+}
+
+inline void Position::do_allow_ooo(Color c) {
+  st->castleRights |= (4 + 4*int(c));
 }
 
 #endif // !defined(POSITION_H_INCLUDED)

src/psqtab.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -27,18 +27,25 @@
 
 #include "value.h"
 
+namespace {
 
 ////
 //// Constants modified by Joona Kiiski
 ////
 
-static const Value MP = PawnValueMidgame;
+const Value MP = PawnValueMidgame;
-static const Value MK = KnightValueMidgame;
+const Value MK = KnightValueMidgame;
-static const Value MB = BishopValueMidgame;
+const Value MB = BishopValueMidgame;
-static const Value MR = RookValueMidgame;
+const Value MR = RookValueMidgame;
-static const Value MQ = QueenValueMidgame;
+const Value MQ = QueenValueMidgame;
 
-static const int MgPST[][64] = {
+const Value EP = PawnValueEndgame;
+const Value EK = KnightValueEndgame;
+const Value EB = BishopValueEndgame;
+const Value ER = RookValueEndgame;
+const Value EQ = QueenValueEndgame;
+
+const int MgPST[][64] = {
   { },
   {// Pawn
    // A      B      C     D      E      F      G     H
@@ -108,13 +115,7 @@ static const int MgPST[][64] = {
   }
 };
 
-static const Value EP = PawnValueEndgame;
+const int EgPST[][64] = {
-static const Value EK = KnightValueEndgame;
-static const Value EB = BishopValueEndgame;
-static const Value ER = RookValueEndgame;
-static const Value EQ = QueenValueEndgame;
-
-static const int EgPST[][64] = {
   { },
   {// Pawn
    // A     B     C     D     E     F     G     H
@@ -184,5 +185,6 @@ static const int EgPST[][64] = {
   }
 };
 
+} // namespace
 
 #endif // !defined(PSQTAB_H_INCLUDED)

src/rkiss.h

@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+/*
+  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
+  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+
+  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+  GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+  This file is based on original code by Heinz van Saanen and is
+  available under the GNU General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+ ** A small "keep it simple and stupid" RNG with some fancy merits:
+ **
+ ** Quite platform independent
+ ** Passes ALL dieharder tests! Here *nix sys-rand() e.g. fails miserably:-)
+ ** ~12 times faster than my *nix sys-rand()
+ ** ~4 times faster than SSE2-version of Mersenne twister
+ ** Average cycle length: ~2^126
+ ** 64 bit seed
+ ** Return doubles with a full 53 bit mantissa
+ ** Thread safe
+ **
+ ** (c) Heinz van Saanen
+
+*/
+
+#if !defined(RKISS_H_INCLUDED)
+#define RKISS_H_INCLUDED
+
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
+#include "types.h"
+
+
+////
+//// Types
+////
+
+class RKISS {
+
+  // Keep variables always together
+  struct S { uint64_t a, b, c, d; } s;
+
+  // Return 64 bit unsigned integer in between [0,2^64-1]
+  uint64_t rand64() {
+
+      const uint64_t
+        e = s.a - ((s.b <<  7) | (s.b >> 57));
+      s.a = s.b ^ ((s.c << 13) | (s.c >> 51));
+      s.b = s.c + ((s.d << 37) | (s.d >> 27));
+      s.c = s.d + e;
+      return s.d = e + s.a;
+  }
+
+  // Init seed and scramble a few rounds
+  void raninit() {
+
+      s.a = 0xf1ea5eed;
+      s.b = s.c = s.d = 0xd4e12c77;
+      for (int i = 0; i < 73; i++)
+          rand64();
+  }
+
+public:
+  RKISS() { raninit(); }
+  template<typename T> T rand() { return T(rand64()); }
+};
+
+#endif // !defined(RKISS_H_INCLUDED)

src/san.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -28,8 +28,7 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <sstream>
 
-#include "history.h"
+#include "movegen.h"
-#include "movepick.h"
 #include "san.h"
 
 using std::string;
@@ -41,14 +40,9 @@ using std::string;
 namespace {
 
   enum Ambiguity {
-    AMBIGUITY_NONE,
+    AMBIGUITY_NONE, AMBIGUITY_FILE, AMBIGUITY_RANK, AMBIGUITY_BOTH
-    AMBIGUITY_FILE,
-    AMBIGUITY_RANK,
-    AMBIGUITY_BOTH
   };
 
-  const History H; // used as dummy argument for MovePicker c'tor
-
   Ambiguity move_ambiguity(const Position& pos, Move m);
   const string time_string(int milliseconds);
   const string score_string(Value v);
@@ -63,33 +57,32 @@ namespace {
 /// that the move is a legal move from the position. The return value is
 /// a string containing the move in short algebraic notation.
 
-const string move_to_san(const Position& pos, Move m) {
+const string move_to_san(Position& pos, Move m) {
 
   assert(pos.is_ok());
   assert(move_is_ok(m));
 
-  Square from, to;
+  string san;
-  PieceType pt;
+  Square from = move_from(m);
-
+  Square to = move_to(m);
-  from = move_from(m);
+  PieceType pt = type_of_piece(pos.piece_on(from));
-  to = move_to(m);
-  pt = type_of_piece(pos.piece_on(move_from(m)));
-
-  string san = "";
 
   if (m == MOVE_NONE)
       return "(none)";
-  else if (m == MOVE_NULL)
+
+  if (m == MOVE_NULL)
       return "(null)";
-  else if (move_is_long_castle(m) || (int(to - from) == -2 && pt == KING))
+
+  if (move_is_long_castle(m))
       san = "O-O-O";
-  else if (move_is_short_castle(m) || (int(to - from) == 2 && pt == KING))
+  else if (move_is_short_castle(m))
       san = "O-O";
   else
   {
       if (pt != PAWN)
       {
-          san += piece_type_to_char(pt, true);
+          san += piece_type_to_char(pt);
+
           switch (move_ambiguity(pos, m)) {
           case AMBIGUITY_NONE:
             break;
@@ -106,27 +99,30 @@ const string move_to_san(const Position& pos, Move m) {
             assert(false);
           }
       }
+
       if (pos.move_is_capture(m))
       {
           if (pt == PAWN)
-              san += file_to_char(square_file(move_from(m)));
+              san += file_to_char(square_file(from));
-          san += "x";
+
+          san += 'x';
       }
-      san += square_to_string(move_to(m));
+      san += square_to_string(to);
+
       if (move_is_promotion(m))
       {
           san += '=';
-          san += piece_type_to_char(move_promotion_piece(m), true);
+          san += piece_type_to_char(move_promotion_piece(m));
       }
   }
-  // Is the move check?  We don't use pos.move_is_check(m) here, because
+
-  // Position::move_is_check doesn't detect all checks (not castling moves,
+  // The move gives check ? We don't use pos.move_is_check() here
-  // promotions and en passant captures).
+  // because we need to test for mate after the move is done.
   StateInfo st;
-  Position p(pos);
+  pos.do_move(m, st);
-  p.do_move(m, st);
+  if (pos.is_check())
-  if (p.is_check())
+      san += pos.is_mate() ? "#" : "+";
-      san += p.is_mate()? "#" : "+";
+  pos.undo_move(m);
 
   return san;
 }
@@ -141,40 +137,43 @@ Move move_from_san(const Position& pos, const string& movestr) {
 
   assert(pos.is_ok());
 
-  MovePicker mp = MovePicker(pos, MOVE_NONE, OnePly, H);
+  enum { START, TO_FILE, TO_RANK, PROMOTION_OR_CHECK, PROMOTION, CHECK, END };
+  static const string pieceLetters = "KQRBN";
+
+  MoveStack mlist[MOVES_MAX], *last;
+  PieceType pt = PIECE_TYPE_NONE, promotion = PIECE_TYPE_NONE;
+  File fromFile = FILE_NONE, toFile = FILE_NONE;
+  Rank fromRank = RANK_NONE, toRank = RANK_NONE;
+  Move move = MOVE_NONE;
+  Square from, to;
+  int matches, state = START;
+
+  // Generate all legal moves for the given position
+  last = generate_moves(pos, mlist);
 
   // Castling moves
   if (movestr == "O-O-O" || movestr == "O-O-O+")
   {
-      Move m;
+     for (MoveStack* cur = mlist; cur != last; cur++)
-      while ((m = mp.get_next_move()) != MOVE_NONE)
+          if (move_is_long_castle(cur->move))
-          if (move_is_long_castle(m) && pos.pl_move_is_legal(m))
+              return cur->move;
-              return m;
 
       return MOVE_NONE;
   }
   else if (movestr == "O-O" || movestr == "O-O+")
   {
-      Move m;
+      for (MoveStack* cur = mlist; cur != last; cur++)
-      while ((m = mp.get_next_move()) != MOVE_NONE)
+           if (move_is_short_castle(cur->move))
-          if (move_is_short_castle(m) && pos.pl_move_is_legal(m))
+               return cur->move;
-              return m;
 
     return MOVE_NONE;
   }
 
-  // Normal moves. We use a simple FSM to parse the san string.
+  // Normal moves. We use a simple FSM to parse the san string
-  enum { START, TO_FILE, TO_RANK, PROMOTION_OR_CHECK, PROMOTION, CHECK, END };
-  static const string pieceLetters = "KQRBN";
-  PieceType pt = NO_PIECE_TYPE, promotion = NO_PIECE_TYPE;
-  File fromFile = FILE_NONE, toFile = FILE_NONE;
-  Rank fromRank = RANK_NONE, toRank = RANK_NONE;
-  Square to;
-  int state = START;
-
   for (size_t i = 0; i < movestr.length(); i++)
   {
       char type, c = movestr[i];
+
       if (pieceLetters.find(c) != string::npos)
           type = 'P';
       else if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'h')
@@ -194,7 +193,7 @@ Move move_from_san(const Position& pos, const string& movestr) {
           else if (state == PROMOTION)
           {
               promotion = piece_type_from_char(c);
-              state = (i < movestr.length() - 1) ? CHECK : END;
+              state = (i < movestr.length() - 1 ? CHECK : END);
           }
           else
               return MOVE_NONE;
@@ -234,7 +233,8 @@ Move move_from_san(const Position& pos, const string& movestr) {
           else
               return MOVE_NONE;
           break;
-      case 'x': case 'X':
+      case 'x':
+      case 'X':
           if (state == TO_RANK)
           {
               // Previous file was for disambiguation, or it's a pawn capture
@@ -250,7 +250,8 @@ Move move_from_san(const Position& pos, const string& movestr) {
           else
               return MOVE_NONE;
           break;
-      case '+': case '#':
+      case '+':
+      case '#':
           if (state == PROMOTION_OR_CHECK || state == CHECK)
               state = END;
           else
@@ -265,22 +266,25 @@ Move move_from_san(const Position& pos, const string& movestr) {
   if (state != END)
       return MOVE_NONE;
 
-  // Look for a matching move
+  // Look for an unambiguous matching move
-  Move m, move = MOVE_NONE;
   to = make_square(toFile, toRank);
-  int matches = 0;
+  matches = 0;
 
-  while ((m = mp.get_next_move()) != MOVE_NONE)
+  for (MoveStack* cur = mlist; cur != last; cur++)
-      if (   pos.type_of_piece_on(move_from(m)) == pt
+  {
-          && move_to(m) == to
+      from = move_from(cur->move);
-          && move_promotion_piece(m) == promotion
+
-          && (fromFile == FILE_NONE || fromFile == square_file(move_from(m)))
+      if (   pos.type_of_piece_on(from) == pt
-          && (fromRank == RANK_NONE || fromRank == square_rank(move_from(m))))
+          && move_to(cur->move) == to
+          && move_promotion_piece(cur->move) == promotion
+          && (fromFile == FILE_NONE || fromFile == square_file(from))
+          && (fromRank == RANK_NONE || fromRank == square_rank(from)))
       {
-          move = m;
+          move = cur->move;
           matches++;
       }
-  return (matches == 1 ? move : MOVE_NONE);
+  }
+  return matches == 1 ? move : MOVE_NONE;
 }
 
 
@@ -298,23 +302,23 @@ const string line_to_san(const Position& pos, Move line[], int startColumn, bool
   string moveStr;
   size_t length = 0;
   size_t maxLength = 80 - startColumn;
-  Position p(pos);
+  Position p(pos, pos.thread());
 
-  for (int i = 0; line[i] != MOVE_NONE; i++)
+  for (Move* m = line; *m != MOVE_NONE; m++)
   {
-      moveStr = move_to_san(p, line[i]);
+      moveStr = move_to_san(p, *m);
       length += moveStr.length() + 1;
       if (breakLines && length > maxLength)
       {
-          s << '\n' << std::setw(startColumn) << ' ';
+          s << "\n" << std::setw(startColumn) << " ";
           length = moveStr.length() + 1;
       }
       s << moveStr << ' ';
 
-      if (line[i] == MOVE_NULL)
+      if (*m == MOVE_NULL)
           p.do_null_move(st);
       else
-          p.do_move(line[i], st);
+          p.do_move(*m, st);
   }
   return s.str();
 }
@@ -325,26 +329,30 @@ const string line_to_san(const Position& pos, Move line[], int startColumn, bool
 /// when the UCI parameter "Use Search Log" is "true").
 
 const string pretty_pv(const Position& pos, int time, int depth,
-                       uint64_t nodes, Value score, ValueType type, Move pv[]) {
+                       Value score, ValueType type, Move pv[]) {
+
+  const int64_t K = 1000;
+  const int64_t M = 1000000;
+
   std::stringstream s;
 
   // Depth
   s << std::setw(2) << depth << "  ";
 
   // Score
-  s << ((type == VALUE_TYPE_LOWER)? ">" : ((type == VALUE_TYPE_UPPER)? "<" : " "));
+  s << (type == VALUE_TYPE_LOWER ? ">" : type == VALUE_TYPE_UPPER ? "<" : " ")
-  s << std::setw(7) << score_string(score);
+    << std::setw(7) << score_string(score);
 
   // Time
   s << std::setw(8) << time_string(time) << " ";
 
   // Nodes
-  if (nodes < 1000000ULL)
+  if (pos.nodes_searched() < M)
-    s << std::setw(8) << nodes << " ";
+      s << std::setw(8) << pos.nodes_searched() / 1 << " ";
-  else if (nodes < 1000000000ULL)
+  else if (pos.nodes_searched() < K * M)
-    s << std::setw(7) << nodes/1000ULL << 'k' << " ";
+      s << std::setw(7) << pos.nodes_searched() / K << "K ";
   else
-    s << std::setw(7) << nodes/1000000ULL << 'M' << " ";
+      s << std::setw(7) << pos.nodes_searched() / M << "M ";
 
   // PV
   s << line_to_san(pos, pv, 30, true);
@@ -357,53 +365,50 @@ namespace {
 
   Ambiguity move_ambiguity(const Position& pos, Move m) {
 
+    MoveStack mlist[MOVES_MAX], *last;
+    Move candidates[8];
     Square from = move_from(m);
     Square to = move_to(m);
     Piece pc = pos.piece_on(from);
+    int matches = 0, f = 0, r = 0;
 
-    // King moves are never ambiguous, because there is never two kings of
+    // If there is only one piece 'pc' then move cannot be ambiguous
-    // the same color.
+    if (pos.piece_count(pos.side_to_move(), type_of_piece(pc)) == 1)
-    if (type_of_piece(pc) == KING)
         return AMBIGUITY_NONE;
 
-    MovePicker mp = MovePicker(pos, MOVE_NONE, OnePly, H);
+    // Collect all legal moves of piece 'pc' with destination 'to'
-    Move mv, moveList[8];
+    last = generate_moves(pos, mlist);
+    for (MoveStack* cur = mlist; cur != last; cur++)
+        if (move_to(cur->move) == to && pos.piece_on(move_from(cur->move)) == pc)
+            candidates[matches++] = cur->move;
 
-    int n = 0;
+    if (matches == 1)
-    while ((mv = mp.get_next_move()) != MOVE_NONE)
-        if (move_to(mv) == to && pos.piece_on(move_from(mv)) == pc && pos.pl_move_is_legal(mv))
-            moveList[n++] = mv;
-
-    if (n == 1)
         return AMBIGUITY_NONE;
 
-    int f = 0, r = 0;
+    for (int i = 0; i < matches; i++)
-    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
     {
-        if (square_file(move_from(moveList[i])) == square_file(from))
+        if (square_file(move_from(candidates[i])) == square_file(from))
             f++;
 
-        if (square_rank(move_from(moveList[i])) == square_rank(from))
+        if (square_rank(move_from(candidates[i])) == square_rank(from))
             r++;
     }
-    if (f == 1)
-        return AMBIGUITY_FILE;
 
-    if (r == 1)
+    return f == 1 ? AMBIGUITY_FILE : r == 1 ? AMBIGUITY_RANK : AMBIGUITY_BOTH;
-        return AMBIGUITY_RANK;
-
-    return AMBIGUITY_BOTH;
   }
 
 
-  const string time_string(int milliseconds) {
+  const string time_string(int millisecs) {
+
+    const int MSecMinute = 1000 * 60;
+    const int MSecHour   = 1000 * 60 * 60;
 
     std::stringstream s;
     s << std::setfill('0');
 
-    int hours = milliseconds / (1000*60*60);
+    int hours = millisecs / MSecHour;
-    int minutes = (milliseconds - hours*1000*60*60) / (1000*60);
+    int minutes = (millisecs - hours * MSecHour) / MSecMinute;
-    int seconds = (milliseconds - hours*1000*60*60 - minutes*1000*60) / 1000;
+    int seconds = (millisecs - hours * MSecHour - minutes * MSecMinute) / 1000;
 
     if (hours)
         s << hours << ':';
@@ -419,7 +424,7 @@ namespace {
 
     if (v >= VALUE_MATE - 200)
         s << "#" << (VALUE_MATE - v + 1) / 2;
-    else if(v <= -VALUE_MATE + 200)
+    else if (v <= -VALUE_MATE + 200)
         s << "-#" << (VALUE_MATE + v) / 2;
     else
     {

src/san.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -36,9 +36,9 @@
 //// Prototypes
 ////
 
-extern const std::string move_to_san(const Position& pos, Move m);
+extern const std::string move_to_san(Position& pos, Move m);
 extern Move move_from_san(const Position& pos, const std::string& str);
 extern const std::string line_to_san(const Position& pos, Move line[], int startColumn, bool breakLines);
-extern const std::string pretty_pv(const Position& pos, int time, int depth, uint64_t nodes, Value score, ValueType type, Move pv[]);
+extern const std::string pretty_pv(const Position& pos, int time, int depth, Value score, ValueType type, Move pv[]);
 
 #endif // !defined(SAN_H_INCLUDED)

src/scale.h

@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
-/*
-  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
-  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
-
-  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-  (at your option) any later version.
-
-  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-  GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-*/
-
-
-#if !defined(SCALE_H_INCLUDED)
-#define SCALE_H_INCLUDED
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
-#include "value.h"
-
-
-////
-//// Types
-////
-
-enum ScaleFactor {
-  SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO = 0,
-  SCALE_FACTOR_NORMAL = 64,
-  SCALE_FACTOR_MAX = 128,
-  SCALE_FACTOR_NONE = 255
-};
-
-
-////
-//// Inline functions
-////
-
-inline Value apply_scale_factor(Value v, ScaleFactor f) {
-  return Value((v * f) / int(SCALE_FACTOR_NORMAL));
-}
-
-
-#endif // !defined(SCALE_H_INCLUDED)

src/search.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 
 #include "depth.h"
 #include "move.h"
+#include "value.h"
 
 
 ////
@@ -34,8 +35,7 @@
 ////
 
 const int PLY_MAX = 100;
-const int PLY_MAX_PLUS_2 = 102;
+const int PLY_MAX_PLUS_2 = PLY_MAX + 2;
-const int KILLER_MAX = 2;
 
 
 ////
@@ -46,17 +46,20 @@ const int KILLER_MAX = 2;
 /// from nodes shallower and deeper in the tree during the search.  Each
 /// search thread has its own array of SearchStack objects, indexed by the
 /// current ply.
+struct EvalInfo;
+struct SplitPoint;
 
 struct SearchStack {
-  Move pv[PLY_MAX];
   Move currentMove;
   Move mateKiller;
-  Move threatMove;
+  Move excludedMove;
-  Move killers[KILLER_MAX];
+  Move bestMove;
+  Move killers[2];
   Depth reduction;
-
+  Value eval;
-  void init(int ply);
+  Value evalMargin;
-  void initKillers();
+  bool skipNullMove;
+  SplitPoint* sp;
 };
 
 
@@ -64,12 +67,11 @@ struct SearchStack {
 //// Prototypes
 ////
 
+extern void init_search();
 extern void init_threads();
-extern void stop_threads();
+extern void exit_threads();
-extern bool think(const Position &pos, bool infinite, bool ponder, int side_to_move,
+extern int perft(Position& pos, Depth depth);
-                  int time[], int increment[], int movesToGo, int maxDepth,
+extern bool think(Position& pos, bool infinite, bool ponder, int time[], int increment[],
-                  int maxNodes, int maxTime, Move searchMoves[]);
+                  int movesToGo, int maxDepth, int maxNodes, int maxTime, Move searchMoves[]);
-extern int64_t nodes_searched();
-
 
 #endif // !defined(SEARCH_H_INCLUDED)

src/square.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -57,55 +57,38 @@ enum Rank {
 };
 
 enum SquareDelta {
-  DELTA_SSW = -021, DELTA_SS = -020, DELTA_SSE = -017, DELTA_SWW = -012,
+
-  DELTA_SW = -011, DELTA_S = -010, DELTA_SE = -07, DELTA_SEE = -06,
+  DELTA_N = 8, DELTA_E = 1, DELTA_S = -8, DELTA_W = -1, DELTA_NONE = 0,
-  DELTA_W = -01, DELTA_ZERO = 0, DELTA_E = 01, DELTA_NWW = 06, DELTA_NW = 07,
+
-  DELTA_N = 010, DELTA_NE = 011, DELTA_NEE = 012, DELTA_NNW = 017,
+  DELTA_NN = DELTA_N + DELTA_N,
-  DELTA_NN = 020, DELTA_NNE = 021
+  DELTA_NE = DELTA_N + DELTA_E,
+  DELTA_SE = DELTA_S + DELTA_E,
+  DELTA_SS = DELTA_S + DELTA_S,
+  DELTA_SW = DELTA_S + DELTA_W,
+  DELTA_NW = DELTA_N + DELTA_W
 };
 
+ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(Square)
+ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(File)
+ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(Rank)
+ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(SquareDelta)
+
 
 ////
 //// Constants
 ////
 
-const int FlipMask = 070;
+const int FlipMask = 56;
-const int FlopMask = 07;
+const int FlopMask =  7;
-
 
 ////
 //// Inline functions
 ////
 
-inline File operator+ (File x, int i) { return File(int(x) + i); }
+inline Square operator+ (Square x, SquareDelta i) { return x + Square(i); }
-inline File operator+ (File x, File y) { return x + int(y); }
+inline void operator+= (Square& x, SquareDelta i) { x = x + Square(i); }
-inline void operator++ (File &x, int) { x = File(int(x) + 1); }
+inline Square operator- (Square x, SquareDelta i) { return x - Square(i); }
-inline void operator+= (File &x, int i) { x = File(int(x) + i); }
+inline void operator-= (Square& x, SquareDelta i) { x = x - Square(i); }
-inline File operator- (File x, int i) { return File(int(x) - i); }
-inline void operator-- (File &x, int) { x = File(int(x) - 1); }
-inline void operator-= (File &x, int i) { x = File(int(x) - i); }
-
-inline Rank operator+ (Rank x, int i) { return Rank(int(x) + i); }
-inline Rank operator+ (Rank x, Rank y) { return x + int(y); }
-inline void operator++ (Rank &x, int) { x = Rank(int(x) + 1); }
-inline void operator+= (Rank &x, int i) { x = Rank(int(x) + i); }
-inline Rank operator- (Rank x, int i) { return Rank(int(x) - i); }
-inline void operator-- (Rank &x, int) { x = Rank(int(x) - 1); }
-inline void operator-= (Rank &x, int i) { x = Rank(int(x) - i); }
-
-inline Square operator+ (Square x, int i) { return Square(int(x) + i); }
-inline void operator++ (Square &x, int) { x = Square(int(x) + 1); }
-inline void operator+= (Square &x, int i) { x = Square(int(x) + i); }
-inline Square operator- (Square x, int i) { return Square(int(x) - i); }
-inline void operator-- (Square &x, int) { x = Square(int(x) - 1); }
-inline void operator-= (Square &x, int i) { x = Square(int(x) - i); }
-inline Square operator+ (Square x, SquareDelta i) { return Square(int(x) + i); }
-inline void operator+= (Square &x, SquareDelta i) { x = Square(int(x) + i); }
-inline Square operator- (Square x, SquareDelta i) { return Square(int(x) - i); }
-inline void operator-= (Square &x, SquareDelta i) { x = Square(int(x) - i); }
-inline SquareDelta operator- (Square x, Square y) {
-  return SquareDelta(int(x) - int(y));
-}
 
 inline Square make_square(File f, Rank r) {
   return Square(int(f) | (int(r) << 3));
@@ -135,8 +118,13 @@ inline Rank relative_rank(Color c, Square s) {
   return square_rank(relative_square(c, s));
 }
 
-inline Color square_color(Square s) {
+inline SquareColor square_color(Square s) {
-  return Color((int(square_file(s)) + int(square_rank(s))) & 1);
+  return SquareColor((int(square_file(s)) + int(square_rank(s))) & 1);
+}
+
+inline bool same_color_squares(Square s1, Square s2) {
+  int s = int(s1) ^ int(s2);
+  return (((s >> 3) ^ s) & 1) == 0;
 }
 
 inline int file_distance(File f1, File f2) {
@@ -175,15 +163,9 @@ inline char rank_to_char(Rank r) {
   return char(r - RANK_1 + int('1'));
 }
 
-inline Square square_from_string(const std::string& str) {
-  return make_square(file_from_char(str[0]), rank_from_char(str[1]));
-}
-
 inline const std::string square_to_string(Square s) {
-  std::string str;
+  return  std::string(1, file_to_char(square_file(s)))
-  str += file_to_char(square_file(s));
+        + std::string(1, rank_to_char(square_rank(s)));
-  str += rank_to_char(square_rank(s));
-  return str;
 }
 
 inline bool file_is_ok(File f) {

src/thread.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@
 //// Includes
 ////
 
+#include <cstring>
+
 #include "lock.h"
 #include "movepick.h"
 #include "position.h"
@@ -36,7 +38,8 @@
 //// Constants and variables
 ////
 
-const int THREAD_MAX = 8;
+const int MAX_THREADS = 16;
+const int MAX_ACTIVE_SPLIT_POINTS = 8;
 
 
 ////
@@ -44,36 +47,49 @@ const int THREAD_MAX = 8;
 ////
 
 struct SplitPoint {
-  SplitPoint *parent;
+
-  Position pos;
+  // Const data after splitPoint has been setup
-  SearchStack sstack[THREAD_MAX][PLY_MAX];
+  SplitPoint* parent;
-  SearchStack *parentSstack;
+  const Position* pos;
-  int ply;
   Depth depth;
-  volatile Value alpha, beta, bestValue;
+  bool pvNode, mateThreat;
-  bool pvNode;
+  Value beta;
-  Bitboard dcCandidates;
+  int ply;
-  int master, slaves[THREAD_MAX];
+  int master;
+  Move threatMove;
+  SearchStack sstack[MAX_THREADS][PLY_MAX_PLUS_2];
+
+  // Const pointers to shared data
+  MovePicker* mp;
+  SearchStack* parentSstack;
+
+  // Shared data
   Lock lock;
-  MovePicker *mp;
+  volatile int64_t nodes;
-  volatile int moves;
+  volatile Value alpha;
-  volatile int cpus;
+  volatile Value bestValue;
-  bool finished;
+  volatile int moveCount;
+  volatile bool betaCutoff;
+  volatile int slaves[MAX_THREADS];
 };
 
+// ThreadState type is used to represent thread's current state
+
+enum ThreadState
+{
+  THREAD_INITIALIZING,  // thread is initializing itself
+  THREAD_SEARCHING,     // thread is performing work
+  THREAD_AVAILABLE,     // thread is waiting for work
+  THREAD_BOOKED,        // other thread (master) has booked us as a slave
+  THREAD_WORKISWAITING, // master has ordered us to start
+  THREAD_TERMINATED     // we are quitting and thread is terminated
+};
 
 struct Thread {
-  SplitPoint *splitPoint;
+  volatile ThreadState state;
-  int activeSplitPoints;
+  SplitPoint* volatile splitPoint;
-  uint64_t nodes;
+  volatile int activeSplitPoints;
-  uint64_t betaCutOffs[2];
+  SplitPoint splitPoints[MAX_ACTIVE_SPLIT_POINTS];
-  bool failHighPly1;
-  volatile bool stop;
-  volatile bool running;
-  volatile bool idle;
-  volatile bool workIsWaiting;
-  volatile bool printCurrentLine;
-  unsigned char pad[64]; // set some distance among local data for each thread
 };
 
 

src/timeman.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+/*
+  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
+  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+
+  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+  GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
+#include <cmath>
+
+#include "misc.h"
+#include "timeman.h"
+#include "ucioption.h"
+
+////
+//// Local definitions
+////
+
+namespace {
+
+  /// Constants
+
+  const int MoveHorizon  = 50;    // Plan time management at most this many moves ahead
+  const float MaxRatio   = 3.0f;  // When in trouble, we can step over reserved time with this ratio
+  const float StealRatio = 0.33f; // However we must not steal time from remaining moves over this ratio
+
+
+  // MoveImportance[] is based on naive statistical analysis of "how many games are still undecided
+  // after n half-moves". Game is considered "undecided" as long as neither side has >275cp advantage.
+  // Data was extracted from CCRL game database with some simple filtering criteria.
+  const int MoveImportance[512] = {
+    7780, 7780, 7780, 7780, 7780, 7780, 7780, 7780, 7780, 7780, 7780, 7780, 7780, 7780, 7780, 7780,
+    7780, 7780, 7780, 7780, 7778, 7778, 7776, 7776, 7776, 7773, 7770, 7768, 7766, 7763, 7757, 7751,
+    7743, 7735, 7724, 7713, 7696, 7689, 7670, 7656, 7627, 7605, 7571, 7549, 7522, 7493, 7462, 7425,
+    7385, 7350, 7308, 7272, 7230, 7180, 7139, 7094, 7055, 7010, 6959, 6902, 6841, 6778, 6705, 6651,
+    6569, 6508, 6435, 6378, 6323, 6253, 6152, 6085, 5995, 5931, 5859, 5794, 5717, 5646, 5544, 5462,
+    5364, 5282, 5172, 5078, 4988, 4901, 4831, 4764, 4688, 4609, 4536, 4443, 4365, 4293, 4225, 4155,
+    4085, 4005, 3927, 3844, 3765, 3693, 3634, 3560, 3479, 3404, 3331, 3268, 3207, 3146, 3077, 3011,
+    2947, 2894, 2828, 2776, 2727, 2676, 2626, 2589, 2538, 2490, 2442, 2394, 2345, 2302, 2243, 2192,
+    2156, 2115, 2078, 2043, 2004, 1967, 1922, 1893, 1845, 1809, 1772, 1736, 1702, 1674, 1640, 1605,
+    1566, 1536, 1509, 1479, 1452, 1423, 1388, 1362, 1332, 1304, 1289, 1266, 1250, 1228, 1206, 1180,
+    1160, 1134, 1118, 1100, 1080, 1068, 1051, 1034, 1012, 1001, 980, 960, 945, 934, 916, 900, 888,
+    878, 865, 852, 828, 807, 787, 770, 753, 744, 731, 722, 706, 700, 683, 676, 671, 664, 652, 641,
+    634, 627, 613, 604, 591, 582, 568, 560, 552, 540, 534, 529, 519, 509, 495, 484, 474, 467, 460,
+    450, 438, 427, 419, 410, 406, 399, 394, 387, 382, 377, 372, 366, 359, 353, 348, 343, 337, 333,
+    328, 321, 315, 309, 303, 298, 293, 287, 284, 281, 277, 273, 265, 261, 255, 251, 247, 241, 240,
+    235, 229, 218, 217, 213, 212, 208, 206, 197, 193, 191, 189, 185, 184, 180, 177, 172, 170, 170,
+    170, 166, 163, 159, 158, 156, 155, 151, 146, 141, 138, 136, 132, 130, 128, 125, 123, 122, 118,
+    118, 118, 117, 115, 114, 108, 107, 105, 105, 105, 102, 97, 97, 95, 94, 93, 91, 88, 86, 83, 80,
+    80, 79, 79, 79, 78, 76, 75, 72, 72, 71, 70, 68, 65, 63, 61, 61, 59, 59, 59, 58, 56, 55, 54, 54,
+    52, 49, 48, 48, 48, 48, 45, 45, 45, 44, 43, 41, 41, 41, 41, 40, 40, 38, 37, 36, 34, 34, 34, 33,
+    31, 29, 29, 29, 28, 28, 28, 28, 28, 28, 28, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 24, 24, 23, 23, 22, 21, 20, 20,
+    19, 19, 19, 19, 19, 18, 18, 18, 18, 17, 17, 17, 17, 17, 16, 16, 15, 15, 14, 14, 14, 12, 12, 11,
+    9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8,
+    8, 8, 8, 8, 7, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4,
+    4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 3, 3, 2, 2, 2, 2,
+    2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 };
+
+  int move_importance(int ply) { return MoveImportance[Min(ply, 511)]; }
+
+
+  /// Function Prototypes
+
+  enum TimeType { OptimumTime, MaxTime };
+
+  template<TimeType>
+  int remaining(int myTime, int movesToGo, int currentPly);
+}
+
+
+////
+//// Functions
+////
+
+void TimeManager::pv_instability(int curChanges, int prevChanges) {
+
+    unstablePVExtraTime =  curChanges  * (optimumSearchTime / 2)
+                         + prevChanges * (optimumSearchTime / 3);
+}
+
+void TimeManager::init(int myTime, int myInc, int movesToGo, int currentPly)
+{
+  /* We support four different kind of time controls:
+
+      Inc == 0 && movesToGo == 0 means: x basetime  [sudden death!]
+      Inc == 0 && movesToGo != 0 means: (x moves) / (y minutes)
+      Inc > 0  && movesToGo == 0 means: x basetime + z inc.
+      Inc > 0  && movesToGo != 0 means: (x moves) / (y minutes) + z inc
+
+    Time management is adjusted by following UCI parameters:
+
+      emergencyMoveHorizon :Be prepared to always play at least this many moves
+      emergencyBaseTime    :Always attempt to keep at least this much time (in ms) at clock
+      emergencyMoveTime    :Plus attempt to keep at least this much time for each remaining emergency move
+      minThinkingTime      :No matter what, use at least this much thinking before doing the move
+  */
+
+  int hypMTG, hypMyTime, t1, t2;
+
+  // Read uci parameters
+  int emergencyMoveHorizon = Options["Emergency Move Horizon"].value<int>();
+  int emergencyBaseTime    = Options["Emergency Base Time"].value<int>();
+  int emergencyMoveTime    = Options["Emergency Move Time"].value<int>();
+  int minThinkingTime      = Options["Minimum Thinking Time"].value<int>();
+
+  // Initialize to maximum values but unstablePVExtraTime that is reset
+  unstablePVExtraTime = 0;
+  optimumSearchTime = maximumSearchTime = myTime;
+
+  // We calculate optimum time usage for different hypothetic "moves to go"-values and choose the
+  // minimum of calculated search time values. Usually the greatest hypMTG gives the minimum values.
+  for (hypMTG = 1; hypMTG <= (movesToGo ? Min(movesToGo, MoveHorizon) : MoveHorizon); hypMTG++)
+  {
+      // Calculate thinking time for hypothetic "moves to go"-value
+      hypMyTime = Max(myTime + (hypMTG - 1) * myInc - emergencyBaseTime - Min(hypMTG, emergencyMoveHorizon) * emergencyMoveTime, 0);
+
+      t1 = minThinkingTime + remaining<OptimumTime>(hypMyTime, hypMTG, currentPly);
+      t2 = minThinkingTime + remaining<MaxTime>(hypMyTime, hypMTG, currentPly);
+
+      optimumSearchTime = Min(optimumSearchTime, t1);
+      maximumSearchTime = Min(maximumSearchTime, t2);
+  }
+
+  if (Options["Ponder"].value<bool>())
+      optimumSearchTime += optimumSearchTime / 4;
+
+  // Make sure that maxSearchTime is not over absoluteMaxSearchTime
+  optimumSearchTime = Min(optimumSearchTime, maximumSearchTime);
+}
+
+////
+//// Local functions
+////
+
+namespace {
+
+  template<TimeType T>
+  int remaining(int myTime, int movesToGo, int currentPly)
+  {
+    const float TMaxRatio   = (T == OptimumTime ? 1 : MaxRatio);
+    const float TStealRatio = (T == OptimumTime ? 0 : StealRatio);
+
+    int thisMoveImportance = move_importance(currentPly);
+    int otherMovesImportance = 0;
+
+    for (int i = 1; i < movesToGo; i++)
+        otherMovesImportance += move_importance(currentPly + 2 * i);
+
+    float ratio1 = (TMaxRatio * thisMoveImportance) / float(TMaxRatio * thisMoveImportance + otherMovesImportance);
+    float ratio2 = (thisMoveImportance + TStealRatio * otherMovesImportance) / float(thisMoveImportance + otherMovesImportance);
+
+    return int(floor(myTime * Min(ratio1, ratio2)));
+  }
+}

src/timeman.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -18,23 +18,25 @@
 */
 
 
-#if !defined(MERSENNE_H_INCLUDED)
+#if !defined(TIMEMAN_H_INCLUDED)
-#define MERSENNE_H_INCLUDED
+#define TIMEMAN_H_INCLUDED
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
-#include "types.h"
-
 
 ////
 //// Prototypes
 ////
 
-extern uint32_t genrand_int32(void);
+class TimeManager {
-extern uint64_t genrand_int64(void);
+public:
-extern void init_mersenne(void);
 
+  void init(int myTime, int myInc, int movesToGo, int currentPly);
+  void pv_instability(int curChanges, int prevChanges);
+  int available_time() const { return optimumSearchTime + unstablePVExtraTime; }
+  int maximum_time() const { return maximumSearchTime; }
 
-#endif // !defined(MERSENNE_H_INCLUDED)
+private:
+  int optimumSearchTime;
+  int maximumSearchTime;
+  int unstablePVExtraTime;
+};
+
+#endif // !defined(TIMEMAN_H_INCLUDED)

src/tt.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -23,11 +23,8 @@
 ////
 
 #include <cassert>
-#include <cmath>
 #include <cstring>
-#include <xmmintrin.h>
 
-#include "movegen.h"
 #include "tt.h"
 
 // The main transposition table
@@ -39,7 +36,7 @@ TranspositionTable TT;
 
 TranspositionTable::TranspositionTable() {
 
-  size = writes = 0;
+  size = 0;
   entries = 0;
   generation = 0;
 }
@@ -53,14 +50,14 @@ TranspositionTable::~TranspositionTable() {
 /// TranspositionTable::set_size sets the size of the transposition table,
 /// measured in megabytes.
 
-void TranspositionTable::set_size(unsigned mbSize) {
+void TranspositionTable::set_size(size_t mbSize) {
 
-  assert(mbSize >= 4 && mbSize <= 4096);
+  size_t newSize = 1024;
 
-  unsigned newSize = 1024;
+  // Transposition table consists of clusters and
-
+  // each cluster consists of ClusterSize number of TTEntries.
-  // We store a cluster of ClusterSize number of TTEntry for each position
+  // Each non-empty entry contains information of exactly one position.
-  // and newSize is the maximum number of storable positions.
+  // newSize is the number of clusters we are going to allocate.
   while ((2 * newSize) * sizeof(TTCluster) <= (mbSize << 20))
       newSize *= 2;
 
@@ -73,7 +70,7 @@ void TranspositionTable::set_size(unsigned mbSize) {
       {
           std::cerr << "Failed to allocate " << mbSize
                     << " MB for transposition table." << std::endl;
-          Application::exit_with_failure();
+          exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
       }
       clear();
   }
@@ -83,7 +80,7 @@ void TranspositionTable::set_size(unsigned mbSize) {
 /// TranspositionTable::clear overwrites the entire transposition table
 /// with zeroes. It is called whenever the table is resized, or when the
 /// user asks the program to clear the table (from the UCI interface).
-/// Perhaps we should also clear it when the "ucinewgame" command is recieved?
+/// Perhaps we should also clear it when the "ucinewgame" command is received?
 
 void TranspositionTable::clear() {
 
@@ -91,28 +88,19 @@ void TranspositionTable::clear() {
 }
 
 
-/// TranspositionTable::first_entry returns a pointer to the first
+/// TranspositionTable::store writes a new entry containing position key and
-/// entry of a cluster given a position. The low 32 bits of the key
+/// valuable information of current position.
-/// are used to get the index in the table.
+/// The Lowest order bits of position key are used to decide on which cluster
-
+/// the position will be placed.
-inline TTEntry* TranspositionTable::first_entry(const Key posKey) const {
+/// When a new entry is written and there are no empty entries available in cluster,
-
+/// it replaces the least valuable of entries.
-  return entries[uint32_t(posKey) & (size - 1)].data;
+/// A TTEntry t1 is considered to be more valuable than a TTEntry t2 if t1 is from the
-}
-
-
-/// TranspositionTable::store writes a new entry containing a position,
-/// a value, a value type, a search depth, and a best move to the
-/// transposition table. Transposition table is organized in clusters of
-/// four TTEntry objects, and when a new entry is written, it replaces
-/// the least valuable of the four entries in a cluster. A TTEntry t1 is
-/// considered to be more valuable than a TTEntry t2 if t1 is from the
 /// current search and t2 is from a previous search, or if the depth of t1
-/// is bigger than the depth of t2. A TTEntry of type VALUE_TYPE_EVAL
+/// is bigger than the depth of t2.
-/// never replaces another entry for the same position.
 
-void TranspositionTable::store(const Key posKey, Value v, ValueType t, Depth d, Move m) {
+void TranspositionTable::store(const Key posKey, Value v, ValueType t, Depth d, Move m, Value statV, Value kingD) {
 
+  int c1, c2, c3;
   TTEntry *tte, *replace;
   uint32_t posKey32 = posKey >> 32; // Use the high 32 bits as key
 
@@ -121,28 +109,25 @@ void TranspositionTable::store(const Key posKey, Value v, ValueType t, Depth d,
   {
       if (!tte->key() || tte->key() == posKey32) // empty or overwrite old
       {
-          // Do not overwrite when new type is VALUE_TYPE_EV_LO
+          // Preserve any existing ttMove
-          if (tte->key() && t == VALUE_TYPE_EV_LO)
-              return;
-
           if (m == MOVE_NONE)
               m = tte->move();
 
-          *tte = TTEntry(posKey32, v, t, d, m, generation);
+          tte->save(posKey32, v, t, d, m, generation, statV, kingD);
           return;
       }
-      else if (i == 0)  // replace would be a no-op in this common case
+
+      if (i == 0)  // Replacing first entry is default and already set before entering for-loop
           continue;
 
-      int c1 = (replace->generation() == generation ?  2 : 0);
+      c1 = (replace->generation() == generation ?  2 : 0);
-      int c2 = (tte->generation() == generation ? -2 : 0);
+      c2 = (tte->generation() == generation ? -2 : 0);
-      int c3 = (tte->depth() < replace->depth() ?  1 : 0);
+      c3 = (tte->depth() < replace->depth() ?  1 : 0);
 
       if (c1 + c2 + c3 > 0)
           replace = tte;
   }
-  *replace = TTEntry(posKey32, v, t, d, m, generation);
+  replace->save(posKey32, v, t, d, m, generation, statV, kingD);
-  writes++;
 }
 
 
@@ -163,94 +148,11 @@ TTEntry* TranspositionTable::retrieve(const Key posKey) const {
 }
 
 
-/// TranspositionTable::prefetch looks up the current position in the
-/// transposition table and load it in L1/L2 cache. This is a non
-/// blocking function and do not stalls the CPU waiting for data
-/// to be loaded from RAM, that can be very slow. When we will
-/// subsequently call retrieve() the TT data will be already
-/// quickly accessible in L1/L2 CPU cache.
-
-void TranspositionTable::prefetch(const Key posKey) const {
-
-#if defined(__INTEL_COMPILER) || defined(__ICL)
-   // This hack prevents prefetches to be optimized away by the
-   // Intel compiler. Both MSVC and gcc seems not affected.
-   __asm__ ("");
-#endif
-
-   char const* addr = (char*)first_entry(posKey);
-  _mm_prefetch(addr, _MM_HINT_T2);
-  _mm_prefetch(addr+64, _MM_HINT_T2); // 64 bytes ahead
-}
-
-
 /// TranspositionTable::new_search() is called at the beginning of every new
 /// search. It increments the "generation" variable, which is used to
 /// distinguish transposition table entries from previous searches from
 /// entries from the current search.
 
 void TranspositionTable::new_search() {
-
   generation++;
-  writes = 0;
-}
-
-
-/// TranspositionTable::insert_pv() is called at the end of a search
-/// iteration, and inserts the PV back into the PV. This makes sure
-/// the old PV moves are searched first, even if the old TT entries
-/// have been overwritten.
-
-void TranspositionTable::insert_pv(const Position& pos, Move pv[]) {
-
-  StateInfo st;
-  Position p(pos);
-
-  for (int i = 0; pv[i] != MOVE_NONE; i++)
-  {
-      store(p.get_key(), VALUE_NONE, VALUE_TYPE_NONE, Depth(-127*OnePly), pv[i]);
-      p.do_move(pv[i], st);
-  }
-}
-
-
-/// TranspositionTable::extract_pv() extends a PV by adding moves from the
-/// transposition table at the end. This should ensure that the PV is almost
-/// always at least two plies long, which is important, because otherwise we
-/// will often get single-move PVs when the search stops while failing high,
-/// and a single-move PV means that we don't have a ponder move.
-
-void TranspositionTable::extract_pv(const Position& pos, Move pv[], int pvSize) {
-
-  const TTEntry* tte;
-  StateInfo st;
-  Position p(pos);
-  int ply = 0;
-
-  // Update position to the end of current PV
-  while (pv[ply] != MOVE_NONE)
-      p.do_move(pv[ply++], st);
-
-  // Try to add moves from TT while possible
-  while (   (tte = retrieve(p.get_key())) != NULL
-         && tte->move() != MOVE_NONE
-         && move_is_legal(p, tte->move())
-         && (!p.is_draw() || ply < 2)
-         && ply < pvSize)
-  {
-      pv[ply] = tte->move();
-      p.do_move(pv[ply++], st);
-  }
-  pv[ply] = MOVE_NONE;
-}
-
-
-/// TranspositionTable::full() returns the permill of all transposition table
-/// entries which have received at least one write during the current search.
-/// It is used to display the "info hashfull ..." information in UCI.
-
-int TranspositionTable::full() const {
-
-  double N = double(size) * ClusterSize;
-  return int(1000 * (1 - exp(writes * log(1.0 - 1.0/N))));
 }

src/tt.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 ////
 
 #include "depth.h"
-#include "position.h"
+#include "move.h"
 #include "value.h"
 
 
@@ -36,89 +36,112 @@
 
 /// The TTEntry class is the class of transposition table entries
 ///
-/// A TTEntry needs 96 bits to be stored
+/// A TTEntry needs 128 bits to be stored
 ///
 /// bit  0-31: key
 /// bit 32-63: data
 /// bit 64-79: value
 /// bit 80-95: depth
+/// bit 96-111: static value
+/// bit 112-127: margin of static value
 ///
 /// the 32 bits of the data field are so defined
 ///
 /// bit  0-16: move
-/// bit 17-19: not used
+/// bit 17-20: not used
-/// bit 20-22: value type
+/// bit 21-22: value type
 /// bit 23-31: generation
 
 class TTEntry {
 
 public:
-  TTEntry() {}
+  void save(uint32_t k, Value v, ValueType t, Depth d, Move m, int g, Value statV, Value kd) {
-  TTEntry(uint32_t k, Value v, ValueType t, Depth d, Move m, int generation)
-        : key_ (k), data((m & 0x1FFFF) | (t << 20) | (generation << 23)),
-          value_(int16_t(v)), depth_(int16_t(d)) {}
 
-  uint32_t key() const { return key_; }
+      key32 = k;
-  Depth depth() const { return Depth(depth_); }
+      data = (m & 0x1FFFF) | (t << 21) | (g << 23);
+      value16     = (int16_t)v;
+      depth16     = (int16_t)d;
+      staticValue = (int16_t)statV;
+      staticValueMargin  = (int16_t)kd;
+  }
+  void set_generation(int g) { data = move() | (type() << 21) | (g << 23); }
+
+  uint32_t key() const { return key32; }
+  Depth depth() const { return Depth(depth16); }
   Move move() const { return Move(data & 0x1FFFF); }
-  Value value() const { return Value(value_); }
+  Value value() const { return Value(value16); }
-  ValueType type() const { return ValueType((data >> 20) & 7); }
+  ValueType type() const { return ValueType((data >> 21) & 3); }
-  int generation() const { return (data >> 23); }
+  int generation() const { return data >> 23; }
+  Value static_value() const { return Value(staticValue); }
+  Value static_value_margin() const { return Value(staticValueMargin); }
 
 private:
-  uint32_t key_;
+  uint32_t key32;
   uint32_t data;
-  int16_t value_;
+  int16_t value16;
-  int16_t depth_;
+  int16_t depth16;
+  int16_t staticValue;
+  int16_t staticValueMargin;
 };
 
 
-/// This is the number of TTEntry slots for each position
+/// This is the number of TTEntry slots for each cluster
-const int ClusterSize = 5;
+const int ClusterSize = 4;
 
-/// Each group of ClusterSize number of TTEntry form a TTCluster
+/// TTCluster consists of ClusterSize number of TTEntries.
-/// that is indexed by a single position key. Cluster is padded
+/// Size of TTCluster must not be bigger than a cache line size.
-/// to a cache line size so to guarantee always aligned accesses.
+/// In case it is less, it should be padded to guarantee always aligned accesses.
 
 struct TTCluster {
   TTEntry data[ClusterSize];
-  char cache_line_padding[64 - sizeof(TTEntry[ClusterSize])];
 };
 
 
 /// The transposition table class. This is basically just a huge array
-/// containing TTEntry objects, and a few methods for writing new entries
+/// containing TTCluster objects, and a few methods for writing new entries
 /// and reading new ones.
 
 class TranspositionTable {
 
+  TranspositionTable(const TranspositionTable&);
+  TranspositionTable& operator=(const TranspositionTable&);
+
 public:
   TranspositionTable();
   ~TranspositionTable();
-  void set_size(unsigned mbSize);
+  void set_size(size_t mbSize);
   void clear();
-  void store(const Key posKey, Value v, ValueType type, Depth d, Move m);
+  void store(const Key posKey, Value v, ValueType type, Depth d, Move m, Value statV, Value kingD);
   TTEntry* retrieve(const Key posKey) const;
-  void prefetch(const Key posKey) const;
   void new_search();
-  void insert_pv(const Position& pos, Move pv[]);
+  TTEntry* first_entry(const Key posKey) const;
-  void extract_pv(const Position& pos, Move pv[], int pvSize);
+  void refresh(const TTEntry* tte) const;
-  int full() const;
 
 private:
-  inline TTEntry* first_entry(const Key posKey) const;
+  size_t size;
-
-  // Be sure 'writes' is at least one cache line away
-  // from read only variables.
-  unsigned char pad_before[64 - sizeof(unsigned)];
-  unsigned writes; // heavy SMP read/write access here
-  unsigned char pad_after[64];
-
-  unsigned size;
   TTCluster* entries;
-  uint8_t generation;
+  uint8_t generation; // To properly compare, size must be smaller then TT stored value
 };
 
 extern TranspositionTable TT;
 
+
+/// TranspositionTable::first_entry returns a pointer to the first
+/// entry of a cluster given a position. The lowest order bits of the key
+/// are used to get the index of the cluster.
+
+inline TTEntry* TranspositionTable::first_entry(const Key posKey) const {
+
+  return entries[((uint32_t)posKey) & (size - 1)].data;
+}
+
+
+/// TranspositionTable::refresh updates the 'generation' value of the TTEntry
+/// to avoid aging. Normally called after a TT hit, before to return.
+
+inline void TranspositionTable::refresh(const TTEntry* tte) const {
+
+  const_cast<TTEntry*>(tte)->set_generation(generation);
+}
+
 #endif // !defined(TT_H_INCLUDED)

src/types.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-
 #if !defined(TYPES_H_INCLUDED)
 #define TYPES_H_INCLUDED
 
@@ -27,13 +26,17 @@
 
 #else
 
+// Disable some silly and noisy warning from MSVC compiler
+#pragma warning(disable: 4800) // Forcing value to bool 'true' or 'false'
+#pragma warning(disable: 4127) // Conditional expression is constant
+
 typedef __int8 int8_t;
 typedef unsigned __int8 uint8_t;
 typedef __int16 int16;
 typedef unsigned __int16 uint16_t;
 typedef __int32 int32_t;
 typedef unsigned __int32 uint32_t;
-typedef __int64 int64;
+typedef __int64 int64_t;
 typedef unsigned __int64 uint64_t;
 
 typedef __int16 int16_t;
@@ -47,22 +50,39 @@ typedef uint64_t Key;
 // Bitboard type
 typedef uint64_t Bitboard;
 
+#include <cstdlib>
 
 ////
-//// Compiler specific defines
+//// Configuration
 ////
 
-// Quiet a warning on Intel compiler
+//// For Linux and OSX configuration is done automatically using Makefile.
-#if !defined(__SIZEOF_INT__ )
+//// To get started type "make help".
-#define __SIZEOF_INT__ 0
+////
-#endif
+//// For windows part of the configuration is detected automatically, but
+//// some switches need to be set manually:
+////
+//// -DNDEBUG       | Disable debugging mode. Use always.
+////
+//// -DNO_PREFETCH  | Disable use of prefetch asm-instruction. A must if you want the
+////                | executable to run on some very old machines.
+////
+//// -DUSE_POPCNT   | Add runtime support for use of popcnt asm-instruction.
+////                | Works only in 64-bit mode. For compiling requires hardware
+////                | with popcnt support. Around 4% speed-up.
+////
+//// -DOLD_LOCKS    | By default under Windows are used the fast Slim Reader/Writer (SRW)
+////                | Locks and Condition Variables: these are not supported by Windows XP
+////                | and older, to compile for those platforms you should enable OLD_LOCKS.
 
-// Check for 64 bits for different compilers: Intel, MSVC and gcc
+// Automatic detection for 64-bit under Windows
-#if defined(__x86_64) || defined(_M_X64) || defined(_WIN64) || (__SIZEOF_INT__ > 4)
+#if defined(_WIN64)
 #define IS_64BIT
 #endif
 
-#if defined(IS_64BIT) && (defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__INTEL_COMPILER))
+// Automatic detection for use of bsfq asm-instruction under Windows.
+// Works only in 64-bit mode. Does not work with MSVC.
+#if defined(_WIN64) && defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
 #define USE_BSFQ
 #endif
 
@@ -73,4 +93,44 @@ typedef uint64_t Bitboard;
 #define CACHE_LINE_ALIGNMENT  __attribute__ ((aligned(64)))
 #endif
 
+// Define a __cpuid() function for gcc compilers, for Intel and MSVC
+// is already available as an intrinsic.
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+#include <intrin.h>
+#elif defined(__GNUC__) && (defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__))
+inline void __cpuid(int CPUInfo[4], int InfoType)
+{
+  int* eax = CPUInfo + 0;
+  int* ebx = CPUInfo + 1;
+  int* ecx = CPUInfo + 2;
+  int* edx = CPUInfo + 3;
+
+  *eax = InfoType;
+  *ecx = 0;
+  __asm__("cpuid" : "=a" (*eax), "=b" (*ebx), "=c" (*ecx), "=d" (*edx)
+                  : "0" (*eax), "2" (*ecx));
+}
+#else
+inline void __cpuid(int CPUInfo[4], int)
+{
+   CPUInfo[0] = CPUInfo[1] = CPUInfo[2] = CPUInfo[3] = 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+// Operators used by enum types like Depth, Piece, Square and so on.
+
+#define ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(T) \
+inline T operator+ (const T d1, const T d2) { return T(int(d1) + int(d2)); } \
+inline T operator- (const T d1, const T d2) { return T(int(d1) - int(d2)); } \
+inline T operator* (int i, const T d) {  return T(i * int(d)); } \
+inline T operator* (const T d, int i) {  return T(int(d) * i); } \
+inline T operator/ (const T d, int i) { return T(int(d) / i); } \
+inline T operator- (const T d) { return T(-int(d)); } \
+inline T operator++ (T& d, int) {d = T(int(d) + 1); return d; } \
+inline T operator-- (T& d, int) { d = T(int(d) - 1); return d; } \
+inline void operator+= (T& d1, const T d2) { d1 = d1 + d2; } \
+inline void operator-= (T& d1, const T d2) { d1 = d1 - d2; } \
+inline void operator*= (T& d, int i) { d = T(int(d) * i); } \
+inline void operator/= (T& d, int i) { d = T(int(d) / i); }
+
 #endif // !defined(TYPES_H_INCLUDED)

src/uci.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
 #include <sstream>
 #include <string>
 
-#include "book.h"
 #include "evaluate.h"
 #include "misc.h"
 #include "move.h"
@@ -35,58 +34,95 @@
 #include "position.h"
 #include "san.h"
 #include "search.h"
-#include "uci.h"
 #include "ucioption.h"
 
 using namespace std;
 
-////
-//// Local definitions:
-////
 
 namespace {
 
-  // UCIInputParser is a class for parsing UCI input. The class
+  // FEN string for the initial position
+  const string StartPositionFEN = "rnbqkbnr/pppppppp/8/8/8/8/PPPPPPPP/RNBQKBNR w KQkq - 0 1";
+
+  // UCIParser is a class for parsing UCI input. The class
   // is actually a string stream built on a given input string.
-
+  typedef istringstream UCIParser;
-  typedef istringstream UCIInputParser;
-
-  // The root position. This is set up when the user (or in practice, the GUI)
-  // sends the "position" UCI command. The root position is sent to the think()
-  // function when the program receives the "go" command.
-  Position RootPosition;
 
   // Local functions
-  bool handle_command(const string& command);
+  void set_option(UCIParser& uip);
-  void set_option(UCIInputParser& uip);
+  void set_position(Position& pos, UCIParser& uip);
-  void set_position(UCIInputParser& uip);
+  bool go(Position& pos, UCIParser& uip);
-  bool go(UCIInputParser& uip);
+  void perft(Position& pos, UCIParser& uip);
 }
 
 
-////
+/// execute_uci_command() takes a string as input, uses a UCIParser
-//// Functions
+/// object to parse this text string as a UCI command, and calls
-////
+/// the appropriate functions. In addition to the UCI commands,
+/// the function also supports a few debug commands.
 
-/// uci_main_loop() is the only global function in this file. It is
+bool execute_uci_command(const string& cmd) {
-/// called immediately after the program has finished initializing.
-/// The program remains in this loop until it receives the "quit" UCI
-/// command. It waits for a command from the user, and passes this
-/// command to handle_command and also intercepts EOF from stdin,
-/// by translating EOF to the "quit" command. This ensures that Stockfish
-/// exits gracefully if the GUI dies unexpectedly.
 
-void uci_main_loop() {
+  static Position pos(StartPositionFEN, false, 0); // The root position
+  UCIParser up(cmd);
+  string token;
 
-  RootPosition.from_fen(StartPosition);
+  if (!(up >> token)) // operator>>() skips any whitespace
-  string command;
+      return true;
 
-  do {
+  if (token == "quit")
-      // Wait for a command from stdin
+      return false;
-      if (!getline(cin, command))
-          command = "quit";
 
-  } while (handle_command(command));
+  if (token == "go")
+      return go(pos, up);
+
+  if (token == "uci")
+  {
+      cout << "id name " << engine_name()
+           << "\nid author Tord Romstad, Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski\n";
+      print_uci_options();
+      cout << "uciok" << endl;
+  }
+  else if (token == "ucinewgame")
+      pos.from_fen(StartPositionFEN, false);
+
+  else if (token == "isready")
+      cout << "readyok" << endl;
+
+  else if (token == "position")
+      set_position(pos, up);
+
+  else if (token == "setoption")
+      set_option(up);
+
+  // The remaining commands are for debugging purposes only
+  else if (token == "d")
+      pos.print();
+
+  else if (token == "flip")
+  {
+      Position p(pos, pos.thread());
+      pos.flipped_copy(p);
+  }
+  else if (token == "eval")
+  {
+      Value evalMargin;
+      cout << "Incremental mg: "   << mg_value(pos.value())
+           << "\nIncremental eg: " << eg_value(pos.value())
+           << "\nFull eval: "      << evaluate(pos, evalMargin) << endl;
+  }
+  else if (token == "key")
+      cout << "key: " << hex << pos.get_key()
+           << "\nmaterial key: " << pos.get_material_key()
+           << "\npawn key: " << pos.get_pawn_key() << endl;
+
+  else if (token == "perft")
+      perft(pos, up);
+
+  else
+      cout << "Unknown command: " << cmd << endl;
+
+  return true;
 }
 
 
@@ -96,165 +132,103 @@ void uci_main_loop() {
 
 namespace {
 
-  // handle_command() takes a text string as input, uses a
-  // UCIInputParser object to parse this text string as a UCI command,
-  // and calls the appropriate functions. In addition to the UCI
-  // commands, the function also supports a few debug commands.
-
-  bool handle_command(const string& command) {
-
-    UCIInputParser uip(command);
-    string token;
-
-    uip >> token; // operator>>() skips any whitespace
-
-    if (token == "quit")
-        return false;
-
-    if (token == "go")
-        return go(uip);
-
-    if (token == "uci")
-    {
-        cout << "id name " << engine_name()
-             << "\nid author Tord Romstad, Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski\n";
-        print_uci_options();
-        cout << "uciok" << endl;
-    }
-    else if (token == "ucinewgame")
-    {
-        push_button("Clear Hash");
-        Position::init_piece_square_tables();
-        RootPosition.from_fen(StartPosition);
-    }
-    else if (token == "isready")
-        cout << "readyok" << endl;
-    else if (token == "position")
-        set_position(uip);
-    else if (token == "setoption")
-        set_option(uip);
-
-    // The remaining commands are for debugging purposes only.
-    // Perhaps they should be removed later in order to reduce the
-    // size of the program binary.
-    else if (token == "d")
-        RootPosition.print();
-    else if (token == "flip")
-    {
-        Position p(RootPosition);
-        RootPosition.flipped_copy(p);
-    }
-    else if (token == "eval")
-    {
-        EvalInfo ei;
-        cout << "Incremental mg: " << RootPosition.mg_value()
-             << "\nIncremental eg: " << RootPosition.eg_value()
-             << "\nFull eval: " << evaluate(RootPosition, ei, 0) << endl;
-    }
-    else if (token == "key")
-        cout << "key: " << hex << RootPosition.get_key()
-             << "\nmaterial key: " << RootPosition.get_material_key()
-             << "\npawn key: " << RootPosition.get_pawn_key() << endl;
-    else
-    {
-        cout << "Unknown command: " << command << endl;
-        while (!uip.eof())
-        {
-            uip >> token;
-            cout << token << endl;
-        }
-    }
-    return true;
-  }
-
-
   // set_position() is called when Stockfish receives the "position" UCI
-  // command. The input parameter is a UCIInputParser. It is assumed
+  // command. The input parameter is a UCIParser. It is assumed
   // that this parser has consumed the first token of the UCI command
   // ("position"), and is ready to read the second token ("startpos"
   // or "fen", if the input is well-formed).
 
-  void set_position(UCIInputParser& uip) {
+  void set_position(Position& pos, UCIParser& up) {
 
     string token;
 
-    uip >> token; // operator>>() skips any whitespace
+    if (!(up >> token) || (token != "startpos" && token != "fen"))
+        return;
 
     if (token == "startpos")
-        RootPosition.from_fen(StartPosition);
+    {
-    else if (token == "fen")
+        pos.from_fen(StartPositionFEN, false);
+        if (!(up >> token))
+            return;
+    }
+    else // fen
     {
         string fen;
-        while (token != "moves" && !uip.eof())
+        while (up >> token && token != "moves")
         {
-            uip >> token;
             fen += token;
             fen += ' ';
         }
-        RootPosition.from_fen(fen);
+        pos.from_fen(fen, Options["UCI_Chess960"].value<bool>());
     }
 
-    if (!uip.eof())
+    if (token != "moves")
+        return;
+
+    // Parse optional move list
+    Move move;
+    StateInfo st;
+    while (up >> token)
     {
-        if (token != "moves")
+        move = move_from_uci(pos, token);
-          uip >> token;
+        pos.do_move(move, st);
-        if (token == "moves")
+        if (pos.rule_50_counter() == 0)
-        {
+            pos.reset_game_ply();
-            Move move;
+
-            StateInfo st;
+        pos.inc_startpos_ply_counter(); //FIXME: make from_fen to support this and rule50
-            while (!uip.eof())
-            {
-                uip >> token;
-                move = move_from_string(RootPosition, token);
-                RootPosition.do_move(move, st);
-                if (RootPosition.rule_50_counter() == 0)
-                    RootPosition.reset_game_ply();
-            }
-            // Our StateInfo st is about going out of scope so copy
-            // its content inside RootPosition before they disappear.
-            RootPosition.saveState();
-        }
     }
+    // Our StateInfo st is about going out of scope so copy
+    // its content inside pos before it disappears.
+    pos.detach();
   }
 
 
   // set_option() is called when Stockfish receives the "setoption" UCI
-  // command. The input parameter is a UCIInputParser. It is assumed
+  // command. The input parameter is a UCIParser. It is assumed
   // that this parser has consumed the first token of the UCI command
   // ("setoption"), and is ready to read the second token ("name", if
   // the input is well-formed).
 
-  void set_option(UCIInputParser& uip) {
+  void set_option(UCIParser& up) {
 
-    string token, name;
+    string token, name, value;
 
-    uip >> token;
+    if (!(up >> token) || token != "name") // operator>>() skips any whitespace
-    if (token == "name")
+        return;
+
+    if (!(up >> name))
+        return;
+
+    // Handle names with included spaces
+    while (up >> token && token != "value")
+        name += (" " + token);
+
+    if (Options.find(name) == Options.end())
     {
-        uip >> name;
+        cout << "No such option: " << name << endl;
-        while (!uip.eof())
+        return;
-        {
-            uip >> token;
-            if (token == "value")
-                break;
-
-            name += (" " + token);
-        }
-        if (token == "value")
-        {
-            // Reads until end of line and left trim white space
-            getline(uip, token);
-            token.erase(0, token.find_first_not_of(" \n\r\t"));
-
-            set_option_value(name, token);
-        } else
-            push_button(name);
     }
+
+    // Is a button ?
+    if (token != "value")
+    {
+        Options[name].set_value("true");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (!(up >> value))
+        return;
+
+    // Handle values with included spaces
+    while (up >> token)
+        value += (" " + token);
+
+    Options[name].set_value(value);
   }
 
 
   // go() is called when Stockfish receives the "go" UCI command. The
-  // input parameter is a UCIInputParser. It is assumed that this
+  // input parameter is a UCIParser. It is assumed that this
   // parser has consumed the first token of the UCI command ("go"),
   // and is ready to read the second token. The function sets the
   // thinking time and other parameters from the input string, and
@@ -262,60 +236,69 @@ namespace {
   // parameters. Returns false if a quit command is received while
   // thinking, returns true otherwise.
 
-  bool go(UCIInputParser& uip) {
+  bool go(Position& pos, UCIParser& up) {
 
     string token;
 
     int time[2] = {0, 0}, inc[2] = {0, 0};
     int movesToGo = 0, depth = 0, nodes = 0, moveTime = 0;
     bool infinite = false, ponder = false;
-    Move searchMoves[500];
+    Move searchMoves[MOVES_MAX];
 
     searchMoves[0] = MOVE_NONE;
 
-    while (!uip.eof())
+    while (up >> token)
     {
-        uip >> token;
-
         if (token == "infinite")
             infinite = true;
         else if (token == "ponder")
             ponder = true;
         else if (token == "wtime")
-            uip >> time[0];
+            up >> time[0];
         else if (token == "btime")
-            uip >> time[1];
+            up >> time[1];
         else if (token == "winc")
-            uip >> inc[0];
+            up >> inc[0];
         else if (token == "binc")
-            uip >> inc[1];
+            up >> inc[1];
         else if (token == "movestogo")
-            uip >> movesToGo;
+            up >> movesToGo;
         else if (token == "depth")
-            uip >> depth;
+            up >> depth;
         else if (token == "nodes")
-            uip >> nodes;
+            up >> nodes;
         else if (token == "movetime")
-            uip >> moveTime;
+            up >> moveTime;
         else if (token == "searchmoves")
         {
             int numOfMoves = 0;
-            while (!uip.eof())
+            while (up >> token)
-            {
+                searchMoves[numOfMoves++] = move_from_uci(pos, token);
-                uip >> token;
+
-                searchMoves[numOfMoves++] = move_from_string(RootPosition, token);
-            }
             searchMoves[numOfMoves] = MOVE_NONE;
         }
     }
 
-    if (moveTime)
+    assert(pos.is_ok());
-        infinite = true;  // HACK
 
-    assert(RootPosition.is_ok());
+    return think(pos, infinite, ponder, time, inc, movesToGo,
-
+                 depth, nodes, moveTime, searchMoves);
-    return think(RootPosition, infinite, ponder, RootPosition.side_to_move(),
-                 time, inc, movesToGo, depth, nodes, moveTime, searchMoves);
   }
 
+  void perft(Position& pos, UCIParser& up) {
+
+    int depth, tm, n;
+
+    if (!(up >> depth))
+        return;
+
+    tm = get_system_time();
+
+    n = perft(pos, depth * ONE_PLY);
+
+    tm = get_system_time() - tm;
+    std::cout << "\nNodes " << n
+              << "\nTime (ms) " << tm
+              << "\nNodes/second " << int(n / (tm / 1000.0)) << std::endl;
+  }
 }

src/uci.h

@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
-/*
-  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
-  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
-
-  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-  (at your option) any later version.
-
-  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-  GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-*/
-
-
-#if !defined(UCI_H_INCLUDED)
-#define UCI_H_INCLUDED
-
-////
-//// Prototypes
-////
-
-extern void uci_main_loop();
-
-
-#endif // !defined(UCI_H_INCLUDED)

src/ucioption.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,311 +17,162 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-
+#include <cctype>
-////
+#include <iostream>
-//// Includes
-////
-
-#include <algorithm>
-#include <cassert>
-#include <map>
-#include <string>
 #include <sstream>
-#include <vector>
 
 #include "misc.h"
 #include "thread.h"
 #include "ucioption.h"
 
 using std::string;
+using std::cout;
+using std::endl;
 
-////
+OptionsMap Options; // Global object
-//// Local definitions
-////
 
-namespace {
 
-  ///
+// Our case insensitive less() function as required by UCI protocol
-  /// Types
+bool CaseInsensitiveLess::operator() (const string& s1, const string& s2) const {
-  ///
 
-  enum OptionType { SPIN, COMBO, CHECK, STRING, BUTTON };
+  int c1, c2;
+  size_t i = 0;
 
-  typedef std::vector<string> ComboValues;
+  while (i < s1.size() && i < s2.size())
+  {
+      c1 = tolower(s1[i]);
+      c2 = tolower(s2[i++]);
 
-  struct Option {
+      if (c1 != c2)
-
+          return c1 < c2;
-    string name, defaultValue, currentValue;
-    OptionType type;
-    size_t idx;
-    int minValue, maxValue;
-    ComboValues comboValues;
-
-    Option();
-    Option(const char* defaultValue, OptionType = STRING);
-    Option(bool defaultValue, OptionType = CHECK);
-    Option(int defaultValue, int minValue, int maxValue);
-
-    bool operator<(const Option& o) const { return this->idx < o.idx; }
-  };
-
-  typedef std::map<string, Option> Options;
-
-  ///
-  /// Constants
-  ///
-
-  // load_defaults populates the options map with the hard
-  // coded names and default values.
-
-  void load_defaults(Options& o) {
-
-    o["Use Search Log"] = Option(false);
-    o["Search Log Filename"] = Option("SearchLog.txt");
-    o["Book File"] = Option("book.bin");
-    o["Mobility (Middle Game)"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
-    o["Mobility (Endgame)"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
-    o["Pawn Structure (Middle Game)"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
-    o["Pawn Structure (Endgame)"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
-    o["Passed Pawns (Middle Game)"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
-    o["Passed Pawns (Endgame)"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
-    o["Space"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
-    o["Aggressiveness"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
-    o["Cowardice"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
-    o["King Safety Curve"] = Option("Quadratic", COMBO);
-
-       o["King Safety Curve"].comboValues.push_back("Quadratic");
-       o["King Safety Curve"].comboValues.push_back("Linear");  /*, "From File"*/
-
-    o["King Safety Coefficient"] = Option(40, 1, 100);
-    o["King Safety X Intercept"] = Option(0, 0, 20);
-    o["King Safety Max Slope"] = Option(30, 10, 100);
-    o["King Safety Max Value"] = Option(500, 100, 1000);
-    o["Queen Contact Check Bonus"] = Option(3, 0, 8);
-    o["Queen Check Bonus"] = Option(2, 0, 4);
-    o["Rook Check Bonus"] = Option(1, 0, 4);
-    o["Bishop Check Bonus"] = Option(1, 0, 4);
-    o["Knight Check Bonus"] = Option(1, 0, 4);
-    o["Discovered Check Bonus"] = Option(3, 0, 8);
-    o["Mate Threat Bonus"] = Option(3, 0, 8);
-    o["Check Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
-    o["Check Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(1, 0, 2);
-    o["Single Reply Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
-    o["Single Reply Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
-    o["Mate Threat Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(0, 0, 2);
-    o["Mate Threat Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(0, 0, 2);
-    o["Pawn Push to 7th Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(1, 0, 2);
-    o["Pawn Push to 7th Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(1, 0, 2);
-    o["Passed Pawn Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(1, 0, 2);
-    o["Passed Pawn Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(0, 0, 2);
-    o["Pawn Endgame Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
-    o["Pawn Endgame Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
-    o["Full Depth Moves (PV nodes)"] = Option(10, 1, 100);
-    o["Full Depth Moves (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(3, 1, 100);
-    o["Threat Depth"] = Option(5, 0, 100);
-    o["Randomness"] = Option(0, 0, 10);
-    o["Minimum Split Depth"] = Option(4, 4, 7);
-    o["Maximum Number of Threads per Split Point"] = Option(5, 4, 8);
-    o["Threads"] = Option(1, 1, 8);
-    o["Hash"] = Option(32, 4, 4096);
-    o["Clear Hash"] = Option(false, BUTTON);
-    o["Ponder"] = Option(true);
-    o["OwnBook"] = Option(true);
-    o["MultiPV"] = Option(1, 1, 500);
-    o["UCI_ShowCurrLine"] = Option(false);
-    o["UCI_Chess960"] = Option(false);
-    o["UCI_AnalyseMode"] = Option(false);
-
-    // Any option should know its name so to be easily printed
-    for (Options::iterator it = o.begin(); it != o.end(); ++it)
-        it->second.name = it->first;
   }
-
+  return s1.size() < s2.size();
-  ///
-  /// Variables
-  ///
-
-  Options options;
-
-  // stringify converts a value of type T to a std::string
-  template<typename T>
-  string stringify(const T& v) {
-
-     std::ostringstream ss;
-     ss << v;
-     return ss.str();
-  }
-
-
-  // get_option_value implements the various get_option_value_<type>
-  // functions defined later, because only the option value
-  // type changes a template seems a proper solution.
-
-  template<typename T>
-  T get_option_value(const string& optionName) {
-
-      T ret = T();
-      if (options.find(optionName) == options.end())
-          return ret;
-
-      std::istringstream ss(options[optionName].currentValue);
-      ss >> ret;
-      return ret;
-  }
-
 }
 
-////
-//// Functions
-////
 
-/// init_uci_options() initializes the UCI options.  Currently, the only
+// stringify() converts a numeric value of type T to a std::string
-/// thing this function does is to initialize the default value of the
+template<typename T>
-/// "Threads" parameter to the number of available CPU cores.
+static string stringify(const T& v) {
+
+  std::ostringstream ss;
+  ss << v;
+  return ss.str();
+}
+
+
+/// init_uci_options() initializes the UCI options to their hard coded default
+/// values and initializes the default value of "Threads" and "Minimum Split Depth"
+/// parameters according to the number of CPU cores.
 
 void init_uci_options() {
 
-  load_defaults(options);
+  Options["Use Search Log"] = Option(false);
+  Options["Search Log Filename"] = Option("SearchLog.txt");
+  Options["Book File"] = Option("book.bin");
+  Options["Best Book Move"] = Option(false);
+  Options["Mobility (Middle Game)"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
+  Options["Mobility (Endgame)"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
+  Options["Pawn Structure (Middle Game)"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
+  Options["Pawn Structure (Endgame)"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
+  Options["Passed Pawns (Middle Game)"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
+  Options["Passed Pawns (Endgame)"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
+  Options["Space"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
+  Options["Aggressiveness"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
+  Options["Cowardice"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
+  Options["Check Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
+  Options["Check Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(1, 0, 2);
+  Options["Single Evasion Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
+  Options["Single Evasion Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
+  Options["Mate Threat Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
+  Options["Mate Threat Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
+  Options["Pawn Push to 7th Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(1, 0, 2);
+  Options["Pawn Push to 7th Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(1, 0, 2);
+  Options["Passed Pawn Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(1, 0, 2);
+  Options["Passed Pawn Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(0, 0, 2);
+  Options["Pawn Endgame Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
+  Options["Pawn Endgame Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
+  Options["Minimum Split Depth"] = Option(4, 4, 7);
+  Options["Maximum Number of Threads per Split Point"] = Option(5, 4, 8);
+  Options["Threads"] = Option(1, 1, MAX_THREADS);
+  Options["Use Sleeping Threads"] = Option(false);
+  Options["Hash"] = Option(32, 4, 8192);
+  Options["Clear Hash"] = Option(false, "button");
+  Options["Ponder"] = Option(true);
+  Options["OwnBook"] = Option(true);
+  Options["MultiPV"] = Option(1, 1, 500);
+  Options["Emergency Move Horizon"] = Option(40, 0, 50);
+  Options["Emergency Base Time"] = Option(200, 0, 60000);
+  Options["Emergency Move Time"] = Option(70, 0, 5000);
+  Options["Minimum Thinking Time"] = Option(20, 0, 5000);
+  Options["UCI_Chess960"] = Option(false); // Just a dummy but needed by GUIs
+  Options["UCI_AnalyseMode"] = Option(false);
 
-  // Limit the default value of "Threads" to 7 even if we have 8 CPU cores.
+  // Set some SMP parameters accordingly to the detected CPU count
-  // According to Ken Dail's tests, Glaurung plays much better with 7 than
+  Option& thr = Options["Threads"];
-  // with 8 threads.  This is weird, but it is probably difficult to find out
+  Option& msd = Options["Minimum Split Depth"];
-  // why before I have a 8-core computer to experiment with myself.
-  assert(options.find("Threads") != options.end());
-  assert(options.find("Minimum Split Depth") != options.end());
 
-  options["Threads"].defaultValue = stringify(Min(cpu_count(), 7));
+  thr.defaultValue = thr.currentValue = stringify(cpu_count());
-  options["Threads"].currentValue = stringify(Min(cpu_count(), 7));
+
+  if (cpu_count() >= 8)
+      msd.defaultValue = msd.currentValue = stringify(7);
 }
 
 
 /// print_uci_options() prints all the UCI options to the standard output,
-/// in the format defined by the UCI protocol.
+/// in chronological insertion order (the idx field) and in the format
+/// defined by the UCI protocol.
 
 void print_uci_options() {
 
-  static const char optionTypeName[][16] = {
+  for (size_t i = 0; i <= Options.size(); i++)
-    "spin", "combo", "check", "string", "button"
+      for (OptionsMap::const_iterator it = Options.begin(); it != Options.end(); ++it)
-  };
+          if (it->second.idx == i)
+          {
+              const Option& o = it->second;
+              cout << "\noption name " << it->first << " type " << o.type;
 
-  // Build up a vector out of the options map and sort it according to idx
+              if (o.type != "button")
-  // field, that is the chronological insertion order in options map.
+                  cout << " default " << o.defaultValue;
-  std::vector<Option> vec;
-  for (Options::const_iterator it = options.begin(); it != options.end(); ++it)
-      vec.push_back(it->second);
 
-  std::sort(vec.begin(), vec.end());
+              if (o.type == "spin")
+                  cout << " min " << o.minValue << " max " << o.maxValue;
 
-  for (std::vector<Option>::const_iterator it = vec.begin(); it != vec.end(); ++it)
+              break;
+          }
+  cout << endl;
+}
+
+
+/// Option class c'tors
+
+Option::Option(const char* def) : type("string"), idx(Options.size()), minValue(0), maxValue(0)
+{ defaultValue = currentValue = def; }
+
+Option::Option(bool def, string t) : type(t), idx(Options.size()), minValue(0), maxValue(0)
+{ defaultValue = currentValue = (def ? "true" : "false"); }
+
+Option::Option(int def, int minv, int maxv) : type("spin"), idx(Options.size()), minValue(minv), maxValue(maxv)
+{ defaultValue = currentValue = stringify(def); }
+
+
+/// set_value() updates currentValue of the Option object. Normally it's up to
+/// the GUI to check for option's limits, but we could receive the new value
+/// directly from the user by teminal window. So let's check the bounds anyway.
+
+void Option::set_value(const string& value) {
+
+  assert(!type.empty());
+
+  if (    (type == "check" || type == "button")
+      && !(value == "true" || value == "false"))
+      return;
+
+  if (type == "spin")
   {
-      std::cout << "\noption name " << it->name
+      int v = atoi(value.c_str());
-                << " type "         << optionTypeName[it->type];
+      if (v < minValue || v > maxValue)
-
+          return;
-      if (it->type == BUTTON)
-          continue;
-
-      if (it->type == CHECK)
-          std::cout << " default " << (it->defaultValue == "1" ? "true" : "false");
-      else
-          std::cout << " default " << it->defaultValue;
-
-      if (it->type == SPIN)
-          std::cout << " min " << it->minValue << " max " << it->maxValue;
-      else if (it->type == COMBO)
-          for (ComboValues::const_iterator itc = it->comboValues.begin();
-              itc != it->comboValues.end(); ++itc)
-              std::cout << " var " << *itc;
   }
-  std::cout << std::endl;
+
-}
+  currentValue = value;
-
-
-/// get_option_value_bool() returns the current value of a UCI parameter of
-/// type "check".
-
-bool get_option_value_bool(const string& optionName) {
-
-  return get_option_value<bool>(optionName);
-}
-
-
-/// get_option_value_int() returns the value of a UCI parameter as an integer.
-/// Normally, this function will be used for a parameter of type "spin", but
-/// it could also be used with a "combo" parameter, where all the available
-/// values are integers.
-
-int get_option_value_int(const string& optionName) {
-
-  return get_option_value<int>(optionName);
-}
-
-
-/// get_option_value_string() returns the current value of a UCI parameter as
-/// a string. It is used with parameters of type "combo" and "string".
-
-string get_option_value_string(const string& optionName) {
-
-   return get_option_value<string>(optionName);
-}
-
-
-/// set_option_value() inserts a new value for a UCI parameter. Note that
-/// the function does not check that the new value is legal for the given
-/// parameter: This is assumed to be the responsibility of the GUI.
-
-void set_option_value(const string& name, const string& value) {
-
-  // UCI protocol uses "true" and "false" instead of "1" and "0", so convert
-  // value according to standard C++ convention before to store it.
-  string v(value);
-  if (v == "true")
-      v = "1";
-  else if (v == "false")
-      v = "0";
-
-  if (options.find(name) != options.end())
-      options[name].currentValue = v;
-  else
-      std::cout << "No such option: " << name << std::endl;
-}
-
-
-/// push_button() is used to tell the engine that a UCI parameter of type
-/// "button" has been selected:
-
-void push_button(const string& buttonName) {
-
-  set_option_value(buttonName, "true");
-}
-
-
-/// button_was_pressed() tests whether a UCI parameter of type "button" has
-/// been selected since the last time the function was called, in this case
-/// it also resets the button.
-
-bool button_was_pressed(const string& buttonName) {
-
-  if (!get_option_value<bool>(buttonName))
-	  return false;
-
-  set_option_value(buttonName, "false");
-  return true;
-}
-
-
-namespace {
-
-  // Define constructors of Option class.
-
-  Option::Option() {} // To allow insertion in a std::map
-
-  Option::Option(const char* def, OptionType t)
-  : defaultValue(def), currentValue(def), type(t), idx(options.size()), minValue(0), maxValue(0) {}
-
-  Option::Option(bool def, OptionType t)
-  : defaultValue(stringify(def)), currentValue(stringify(def)), type(t), idx(options.size()), minValue(0), maxValue(0) {}
-
-  Option::Option(int def, int minv, int maxv)
-  : defaultValue(stringify(def)), currentValue(stringify(def)), type(SPIN), idx(options.size()), minValue(minv), maxValue(maxv) {}
-
 }

src/ucioption.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,28 +17,64 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
-
 #if !defined(UCIOPTION_H_INCLUDED)
 #define UCIOPTION_H_INCLUDED
 
-////
+#include <cassert>
-//// Includes
+#include <cstdlib>
-////
+#include <map>
-
 #include <string>
 
-////
+class Option {
-//// Prototypes
+public:
-////
+  Option() {} // To allow insertion in a std::map
+  Option(const char* defaultValue);
+  Option(bool defaultValue, std::string type = "check");
+  Option(int defaultValue, int minValue, int maxValue);
 
+  void set_value(const std::string& value);
+  template<typename T> T value() const;
+
+private:
+  friend void init_uci_options();
+  friend void print_uci_options();
+
+  std::string defaultValue, currentValue, type;
+  size_t idx;
+  int minValue, maxValue;
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+inline T Option::value() const {
+
+  assert(type == "spin");
+  return T(atoi(currentValue.c_str()));
+}
+
+template<>
+inline std::string Option::value<std::string>() const {
+
+  assert(type == "string");
+  return currentValue;
+}
+
+template<>
+inline bool Option::value<bool>() const {
+
+  assert(type == "check" || type == "button");
+  return currentValue == "true";
+}
+
+
+// Custom comparator because UCI options should not be case sensitive
+struct CaseInsensitiveLess {
+  bool operator() (const std::string&, const std::string&) const;
+};
+
+typedef std::map<std::string, Option, CaseInsensitiveLess> OptionsMap;
+
+extern OptionsMap Options;
 extern void init_uci_options();
 extern void print_uci_options();
-extern bool get_option_value_bool(const std::string& optionName);
-extern int get_option_value_int(const std::string& optionName);
-extern std::string get_option_value_string(const std::string& optionName);
-extern bool button_was_pressed(const std::string& buttonName);
-extern void set_option_value(const std::string& optionName,const std::string& newValue);
-extern void push_button(const std::string& buttonName);
-
 
 #endif // !defined(UCIOPTION_H_INCLUDED)

src/value.cpp

@@ -1,96 +0,0 @@
-/*
-  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
-  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
-
-  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-  (at your option) any later version.
-
-  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-  GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-*/
-
-
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
-#include <sstream>
-#include <string>
-
-#include "value.h"
-
-
-////
-//// Functions
-////
-
-/// value_to_tt() adjusts a mate score from "plies to mate from the root" to
-/// "plies to mate from the current ply".  Non-mate scores are unchanged.
-/// The function is called before storing a value to the transposition table.
-
-Value value_to_tt(Value v, int ply) {
-  if(v >= value_mate_in(100))
-    return v + ply;
-  else if(v <= value_mated_in(100))
-    return v - ply;
-  else
-    return v;
-}
-
-
-/// value_from_tt() is the inverse of value_to_tt():  It adjusts a mate score
-/// from the transposition table to a mate score corrected for the current
-/// ply depth.
-
-Value value_from_tt(Value v, int ply) {
-  if(v >= value_mate_in(100))
-    return v - ply;
-  else if(v <= value_mated_in(100))
-    return v + ply;
-  else
-    return v;
-}
-
-
-/// value_to_centipawns() converts a value from Stockfish's somewhat unusual
-/// scale of pawn = 256 to the more conventional pawn = 100.
-
-int value_to_centipawns(Value v) {
-  return (int(v) * 100) / int(PawnValueMidgame);
-}
-
-
-/// value_from_centipawns() converts a centipawn value to Stockfish's internal
-/// evaluation scale.  It's used when reading the values of UCI options
-/// containing material values (e.g. futility pruning margins).
-
-Value value_from_centipawns(int cp) {
-  return Value((cp * 256) / 100);
-}
-
-
-/// value_to_string() converts a value to a string suitable for use with the
-/// UCI protocol.
-
-const std::string value_to_string(Value v) {
-  std::stringstream s;
-
-  if(abs(v) < VALUE_MATE - 200)
-    s << "cp " << value_to_centipawns(v);
-  else {
-    s << "mate ";
-    if(v > 0)
-      s << (VALUE_MATE - v + 1) / 2;
-    else
-      s << -(VALUE_MATE + v) / 2;
-  }
-  return s.str();
-}

src/value.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -21,84 +21,83 @@
 #if !defined(VALUE_H_INCLUDED)
 #define VALUE_H_INCLUDED
 
-////
-//// Includes
-////
-
-#include "piece.h"
-
-
 ////
 //// Types
 ////
 
 enum ValueType {
-  VALUE_TYPE_NONE = 0,
+  VALUE_TYPE_NONE  = 0,
   VALUE_TYPE_UPPER = 1,  // Upper bound
   VALUE_TYPE_LOWER = 2,  // Lower bound
-  VALUE_TYPE_EXACT = 3,  // Exact score
+  VALUE_TYPE_EXACT = VALUE_TYPE_UPPER | VALUE_TYPE_LOWER
-  VALUE_TYPE_EVAL  = 4,  // Evaluation cache
-  VALUE_TYPE_EV_UP = 5,  // Evaluation cache for upper bound
-  VALUE_TYPE_EV_LO = 6   // Evaluation cache for lower bound
 };
 
 
 enum Value {
-  VALUE_DRAW = 0,
+  VALUE_ZERO      = 0,
+  VALUE_DRAW      = 0,
   VALUE_KNOWN_WIN = 15000,
-  VALUE_MATE = 30000,
+  VALUE_MATE      = 30000,
-  VALUE_INFINITE = 30001,
+  VALUE_INFINITE  = 30001,
-  VALUE_NONE = 30002
+  VALUE_NONE      = 30002,
+  VALUE_ENSURE_SIGNED = -1
+};
+
+ENABLE_OPERATORS_ON(Value)
+
+
+enum ScaleFactor {
+  SCALE_FACTOR_ZERO   = 0,
+  SCALE_FACTOR_NORMAL = 64,
+  SCALE_FACTOR_MAX    = 128,
+  SCALE_FACTOR_NONE   = 255
 };
 
 
-////
+/// Score enum keeps a midgame and an endgame value in a single
-//// Constants and variables
+/// integer (enum), first LSB 16 bits are used to store endgame
-////
+/// value, while upper bits are used for midgame value.
 
-/// Piece values, middle game and endgame
+// Compiler is free to choose the enum type as long as can keep
-
+// its data, so ensure Score to be an integer type.
-/// Important: If the material values are changed, one must also
+enum Score {
-/// adjust the piece square tables, and the method game_phase() in the
+    SCORE_ZERO = 0,
-/// Position class!
+    SCORE_ENSURE_32_BITS_SIZE_P =  (1 << 16),
-///
+    SCORE_ENSURE_32_BITS_SIZE_N = -(1 << 16)
-/// Values modified by Joona Kiiski
-
-const Value PawnValueMidgame   = Value(0x0C6);
-const Value PawnValueEndgame   = Value(0x102);
-const Value KnightValueMidgame = Value(0x331);
-const Value KnightValueEndgame = Value(0x34E);
-const Value BishopValueMidgame = Value(0x344);
-const Value BishopValueEndgame = Value(0x359);
-const Value RookValueMidgame   = Value(0x4F6);
-const Value RookValueEndgame   = Value(0x4FE);
-const Value QueenValueMidgame  = Value(0x9D9);
-const Value QueenValueEndgame  = Value(0x9FE);
-
-const Value PieceValueMidgame[17] = {
-  Value(0),
-  PawnValueMidgame, KnightValueMidgame, BishopValueMidgame,
-  RookValueMidgame, QueenValueMidgame,
-  Value(0), Value(0), Value(0),
-  PawnValueMidgame, KnightValueMidgame, BishopValueMidgame,
-  RookValueMidgame, QueenValueMidgame,
-  Value(0), Value(0), Value(0)
 };
 
-const Value PieceValueEndgame[17] = {
+// Extracting the _signed_ lower and upper 16 bits it not so trivial
-  Value(0),
+// because according to the standard a simple cast to short is
-  PawnValueEndgame, KnightValueEndgame, BishopValueEndgame,
+// implementation defined and so is a right shift of a signed integer.
-  RookValueEndgame, QueenValueEndgame,
+inline Value mg_value(Score s) { return Value(((int(s) + 32768) & ~0xffff) / 0x10000); }
-  Value(0), Value(0), Value(0),
-  PawnValueEndgame, KnightValueEndgame, BishopValueEndgame,
-  RookValueEndgame, QueenValueEndgame,
-  Value(0), Value(0), Value(0)
-};
 
-/// Bonus for having the side to move (modified by Joona Kiiski)
+// Unfortunatly on Intel 64 bit we have a small speed regression, so use a faster code in
+// this case, although not 100% standard compliant it seems to work for Intel and MSVC.
+#if defined(IS_64BIT) && (!defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__INTEL_COMPILER))
+inline Value eg_value(Score s) { return Value(int16_t(s & 0xffff)); }
+#else
+inline Value eg_value(Score s) { return Value((int)(unsigned(s) & 0x7fffu) - (int)(unsigned(s) & 0x8000u)); }
+#endif
 
-const Value TempoValueMidgame = Value(48);
+inline Score make_score(int mg, int eg) { return Score((mg << 16) + eg); }
-const Value TempoValueEndgame = Value(22);
+
+// Division must be handled separately for each term
+inline Score operator/(Score s, int i) { return make_score(mg_value(s) / i, eg_value(s) / i); }
+
+// Only declared but not defined. We don't want to multiply two scores due to
+// a very high risk of overflow. So user should explicitly convert to integer.
+inline Score operator*(Score s1, Score s2);
+
+// Rest of operators are standard:
+inline Score operator+ (const Score d1, const Score d2) { return Score(int(d1) + int(d2)); }
+inline Score operator- (const Score d1, const Score d2) { return Score(int(d1) - int(d2)); }
+inline Score operator* (int i, const Score d) {  return Score(i * int(d)); }
+inline Score operator* (const Score d, int i) {  return Score(int(d) * i); }
+inline Score operator- (const Score d) { return Score(-int(d)); }
+inline void operator+= (Score& d1, const Score d2) { d1 = d1 + d2; }
+inline void operator-= (Score& d1, const Score d2) { d1 = d1 - d2; }
+inline void operator*= (Score& d, int i) { d = Score(int(d) * i); }
+inline void operator/= (Score& d, int i) { d = Score(int(d) / i); }
 
 
 ////
@@ -106,65 +105,15 @@ const Value TempoValueEndgame = Value(22);
 ////
 
 inline Value operator+ (Value v, int i) { return Value(int(v) + i); }
-inline Value operator+ (Value v1, Value v2) { return Value(int(v1) + int(v2)); }
-inline void operator+= (Value &v1, Value v2) {
-  v1 = Value(int(v1) + int(v2));
-}
 inline Value operator- (Value v, int i) { return Value(int(v) - i); }
-inline Value operator- (Value v) { return Value(-int(v)); }
-inline Value operator- (Value v1, Value v2) { return Value(int(v1) - int(v2)); }
-inline void operator-= (Value &v1, Value v2) {
-  v1 = Value(int(v1) - int(v2));
-}
-inline Value operator* (Value v, int i) { return Value(int(v) * i); }
-inline void operator*= (Value &v, int i) { v = Value(int(v) * i); }
-inline Value operator* (int i, Value v) { return Value(int(v) * i); }
-inline Value operator/ (Value v, int i) { return Value(int(v) / i); }
-inline void operator/= (Value &v, int i) { v = Value(int(v) / i); }
 
 
 inline Value value_mate_in(int ply) {
-  return Value(VALUE_MATE - Value(ply));
+  return VALUE_MATE - ply;
 }
 
 inline Value value_mated_in(int ply) {
-  return Value(-VALUE_MATE + Value(ply));
+  return -VALUE_MATE + ply;
 }
 
-inline bool is_upper_bound(ValueType vt) {
-  return (int(vt) & int(VALUE_TYPE_UPPER)) != 0;
-}
-
-inline bool is_lower_bound(ValueType vt) {
-  return (int(vt) & int(VALUE_TYPE_LOWER)) != 0;
-}
-
-inline Value piece_value_midgame(PieceType pt) {
-  return PieceValueMidgame[pt];
-}
-
-inline Value piece_value_endgame(PieceType pt) {
-  return PieceValueEndgame[pt];
-}
-
-inline Value piece_value_midgame(Piece p) {
-  return PieceValueMidgame[p];
-}
-
-inline Value piece_value_endgame(Piece p) {
-  return PieceValueEndgame[p];
-}
-
-
-////
-//// Prototypes
-////
-
-extern Value value_to_tt(Value v, int ply);
-extern Value value_from_tt(Value v, int ply);
-extern int value_to_centipawns(Value v);
-extern Value value_from_centipawns(int cp);
-extern const std::string value_to_string(Value v);
-
-
 #endif // !defined(VALUE_H_INCLUDED)