Stockfish 1.8 beta 1

Signed-off-by: Marco Costalba <mcostalba@gmail.com>

Readme.txt

@@ -1,99 +1,90 @@
-1. Introduction
+1. Introduction
----------------
+---------------
-
+
-Stockfish is a free UCI chess engine derived from Glaurung 2.1. It is
+Stockfish is a free UCI chess engine derived from Glaurung 2.1. It is
-not a complete chess program, but requires some UCI compatible GUI
+not a complete chess program, but requires some UCI compatible GUI
-(like XBoard with PolyGlot, eboard, Jos�, Arena, Sigma Chess, Shredder,
+(like XBoard with PolyGlot, eboard, Jos�, Arena, Sigma Chess, Shredder,
-Chess Partner, or Fritz) in order to be used comfortably.  Read the
+Chess Partner, or Fritz) in order to be used comfortably.  Read the
-documentation for your GUI of choice for information about how to use
+documentation for your GUI of choice for information about how to use
-Stockfish with your GUI.
+Stockfish with your GUI.
-
+
-This version of Stockfish supports up to 8 CPUs, but has not been
+This version of Stockfish supports up to 8 CPUs, but has not been
-tested thoroughly with more than 2.  The program tries to detect the
+tested thoroughly with more than 2.  The program tries to detect the
-number of CPUs on your computer and set the number of search threads
+number of CPUs on your computer and set the number of search threads
-accordingly, but please be aware that the detection is not always
+accordingly, but please be aware that the detection is not always
-correct.  It is therefore recommended to inspect the value of the
+correct.  It is therefore recommended to inspect the value of the
-"Threads" UCI parameter, and to make sure it equals the number of CPU
+"Threads" UCI parameter, and to make sure it equals the number of CPU
-cores on your computer.
+cores on your computer. If you are using more than four threads, it
-
+is recommended to raise the value of "Minimum Split Depth" UCI parameter
-
+to 6.
-2. Files
+
---------
+
-
+2. Files
-This distribution of Stockfish consists of the following files:
+--------
-
+
-  * Readme.txt, the file you are currently reading.
+This distribution of Stockfish consists of the following files:
-
+
-  * Copying.txt, a text file containing the GNU General Public
+  * Readme.txt, the file you are currently reading.
-    License.
+
-
+  * Copying.txt, a text file containing the GNU General Public
-  * src/, a subdirectory containing the full source code, including a
+    License.
-    Makefile that can be used to compile Stockfish on Unix-like
+
-    systems.  For further information about how to compile Stockfish
+  * src/, a subdirectory containing the full source code, including a
-    yourself, read section 4 below.
+    Makefile that can be used to compile Stockfish on Unix-like
-
+    systems.  For further information about how to compile Stockfish
-  * polyglot.ini, for using Stockfish with Fabien Letouzey's PolyGlot
+    yourself, read section 4 below.
-    adapter.
+
-
+  * polyglot.ini, for using Stockfish with Fabien Letouzey's PolyGlot
-
+    adapter.
-3. Opening books
+
-----------------
+
-
+3. Opening books
-This version of Stockfish has experimental support for PolyGlot opening
+----------------
-books. For information about how to create such books, consult the
+
-PolyGlot documentation.  The book file can be selected by setting the
+This version of Stockfish has experimental support for PolyGlot opening
-UCI parameter "Book File".
+books. For information about how to create such books, consult the
-
+PolyGlot documentation.  The book file can be selected by setting the
-
+UCI parameter "Book File".
-
+
-4. Compiling it yourself
+
-------------------------
+4. Compiling it yourself
-
+------------------------
-On Unix-like systems, it should usually be possible to compile
+
-Stockfish directly from the source code with the included Makefile.
+On Unix-like systems, it should usually be possible to compile
-The exception is computer with big-endian CPUs, like PowerPC
+Stockfish directly from the source code with the included Makefile.
-Macintoshes. Some of the bitboard routines in the current version of
+
-Stockfish are endianness-sensitive, and won't work on a big-endian CPU.
+For big-endian machines like Power PC you need to enable the proper
-Ensuring that the line with #define USE_32BIT_ATTACKS" near the top
+flag changing from -DNBIGENDIAN to -DBIGENDIAN in the Makefile.
-of bitboard.h is commented out should solve this problem.
+
-Commenting out the line with "#define USE_32BIT_ATTACKS" near the
+Stockfish has POPCNT instruction runtime detection and support. This can
-
+give an extra speed on Core i7 or similar systems. To enable this feature
-There is also a problem with compiling Stockfish on certain 64-bit
+compile with 'make icc-profile-popcnt'
-systems, regardless of the endianness.  If Stockfish segfaults
+
-immediately after startup, try to comment out the line with
+On 64 bit Unix-like systems the 'bsfq' assembly instruction will be used
-"#define USE_FOLDED_BITSCAN" near the beginning of bitboard.h and
+for bit counting. Detection is automatic at compile time, but in case you
-recompile.
+experience compile problems you can comment out #define USE_BSFQ line in types.h
-
+
-Finally, even if Stockfish does work without any changes on your
+
-computer, it might be possible to improve the performance by changing
+5. Terms of use
-some of the #define directives in bitboard.h.  The default settings
+---------------
-are optimized for 64-bit CPUs.  On 32-bit CPUs, it is probably better
+
-to switch on USE_32BIT_ATTACKS, and to use BITCOUNT_SWAR_32 instead of
+Stockfish is free, and distributed under the GNU General Public License
-BITCOUNT_SWAR_64.  For computers with very little memory (like
+(GPL).  Essentially, this means that you are free to do almost exactly
-handheld devices), it is possible to conserve memory by defining
+what you want with the program, including distributing it among your
-USE_COMPACT_ROOK_ATTACKS.
+friends, making it available for download from your web site, selling
-
+it (either by itself or as part of some bigger software package), or
-
+using it as the starting point for a software project of your own.
-6. Terms of use
+
----------------
+The only real limitation is that whenever you distribute Stockfish in
-
+some way, you must always include the full source code, or a pointer
-Stockfish is free, and distributed under the GNU General Public License
+to where the source code can be found.  If you make any changes to the
-(GPL).  Essentially, this means that you are free to do almost exactly
+source code, these changes must also be made available under the GPL.
-what you want with the program, including distributing it among your
+
-friends, making it available for download from your web site, selling
+For full details, read the copy of the GPL found in the file named
-it (either by itself or as part of some bigger software package), or
+Copying.txt.
-using it as the starting point for a software project of your own.
+
-
+
-The only real limitation is that whenever you distribute Stockfish in
+6. Feedback
-some way, you must always include the full source code, or a pointer
+-----------
-to where the source code can be found.  If you make any changes to the
+
-source code, these changes must also be made available under the GPL.
+The author's e-mail address is mcostalba@gmail.com
-
-For full details, read the copy of the GPL found in the file named
-Copying.txt.
-
-
-7. Feedback
------------
-
-The author's e-mail address is mcostalba@gmail.com

polyglot.ini

@@ -1,63 +1,48 @@
-
+
-[PolyGlot]
+[PolyGlot]
-
+
-EngineDir = .
+EngineDir = .
-EngineCommand = ./stockfish
+EngineCommand = ./stockfish
-
+
-Book = false
+Book = false
-BookFile = book.bin
+BookFile = book.bin
-
+
-Log = true
+Log = false
-LogFile = stockfish.log
+LogFile = stockfish.log
-
+
-Resign = true
+Resign = true
-ResignScore = 600
+ResignScore = 600
-
+
-[Engine]
+[Engine]
-
+
-Hash = 128
+Hash = 128
-Threads = 1
+Threads = 1
-OwnBook = false
+OwnBook = false
-Book File = book.bin
+Book File = book.bin
-Use Search Log = false
+Best Book Move = false
-Mobility (Middle Game) = 100
+Use Search Log = false
-Mobility (Endgame) = 100
+Search Log Filename = SearchLog.txt
-Pawn Structure (Middle Game) = 100
+Mobility (Middle Game) = 100
-Pawn Structure (Endgame) = 100
+Mobility (Endgame) = 100
-Passed Pawns (Middle Game) = 100
+Pawn Structure (Middle Game) = 100
-Passed Pawns (Endgame) = 100
+Pawn Structure (Endgame) = 100
-Aggressiveness = 100
+Passed Pawns (Middle Game) = 100
-Cowardice = 100
+Passed Pawns (Endgame) = 100
-King Safety Curve = Quadratic
+Space = 100
-Quadratic = Linear
+Aggressiveness = 100
-King Safety Coefficient = 40
+Cowardice = 100
-King Safety X Intercept = 0
+Check Extension (PV nodes) = 2
-King Safety Max Slope = 30
+Check Extension (non-PV nodes) = 1
-King Safety Max Value = 500
+Single Reply Extension (PV nodes) = 2
-Queen Contact Check Bonus = 3
+Single Reply Extension (non-PV nodes) = 2
-Queen Check Bonus = 2
+Mate Threat Extension (PV nodes) = 0
-Rook Check Bonus = 1
+Mate Threat Extension (non-PV nodes) = 0
-Bishop Check Bonus = 1
+Pawn Push to 7th Extension (PV nodes) = 1
-Knight Check Bonus = 1
+Pawn Push to 7th Extension (non-PV nodes) = 1
-Discovered Check Bonus = 3
+Passed Pawn Extension (PV nodes) = 1
-Mate Threat Bonus = 3
+Passed Pawn Extension (non-PV nodes) = 0
-Check Extension (PV nodes) = 2
+Pawn Endgame Extension (PV nodes) = 2
-Check Extension (non-PV nodes) = 1
+Pawn Endgame Extension (non-PV nodes) = 2
-Single Reply Extension (PV nodes) = 2
+Randomness = 0
-Single Reply Extension (non-PV nodes) = 2
+Minimum Split Depth = 4
-Mate Threat Extension (PV nodes) = 0
+Maximum Number of Threads per Split Point = 5
-Mate Threat Extension (non-PV nodes) = 0
-Pawn Push to 7th Extension (PV nodes) = 1
-Pawn Push to 7th Extension (non-PV nodes) = 1
-Passed Pawn Extension (PV nodes) = 1
-Passed Pawn Extension (non-PV nodes) = 0
-Pawn Endgame Extension (PV nodes) = 2
-Pawn Endgame Extension (non-PV nodes) = 2
-Full Depth Moves (PV nodes) = 14
-Full Depth Moves (non-PV nodes) = 3
-Threat Depth = 5
-Futility Pruning (Main Search) = true
-Futility Pruning (Quiescence Search) = true
-Randomness = 0
-Minimum Split Depth = 4
-Maximum Number of Threads per Split Point = 5

src/Makefile

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
-# Copyright (C) 2004-2007 Tord Romstad
+# Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-# Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+# Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
-
+#
 # This file is part of Stockfish.
 #
 # Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
@@ -18,133 +18,490 @@
 # along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
 
-###
+### ==========================================================================
-### Files
+### Section 1. General Configuration
-###
+### ==========================================================================
 
+### Executable name
 EXE = stockfish
 
-OBJS = bitboard.o pawns.o material.o endgame.o evaluate.o main.o \
+### Installation dir definitions
+PREFIX = /usr/local
+BINDIR = $(PREFIX)/bin
+
+### Built-in benchmark for pgo-builds
+PGOBENCH = ./$(EXE) bench 32 1 10 default depth
+
+### Object files
+OBJS = application.o bitboard.o pawns.o material.o endgame.o evaluate.o main.o \
 	misc.o move.o movegen.o history.o movepick.o search.o piece.o \
 	position.o direction.o tt.o value.o uci.o ucioption.o \
 	mersenne.o book.o bitbase.o san.o benchmark.o
 
 
-###
+### ==========================================================================
-### Rules
+### Section 2. High-level Configuration
-###
+### ==========================================================================
+#
+# flag                --- Comp switch --- Description
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#
+# debug = no/yes      --- -DNDEBUG    --- Enable/Disable debug mode
+# optimize = yes/no   --- (-O3/-fast etc.) --- Enable/Disable optimizations
+# arch = (name)       --- (-arch)     --- Target architecture
+# os = (name)         ---             --- Target operating system
+# bits = 64/32        --- -DIS_64BIT  --- 64-/32-bit operating system
+# bigendian = no/yes  --- -DBIGENDIAN --- big/little-endian byte order
+# prefetch = no/yes   --- -DUSE_PREFETCH  --- Use prefetch x86 asm-instruction
+# bsfq = no/yes       --- -DUSE_BSFQ  --- Use bsfq x86_64 asm-instruction
+#                                     --- (Works only with GCC and ICC 64-bit)
+# popcnt = no/yes     --- -DUSE_POPCNT --- Use popcnt x86_64 asm-instruction
+#
+# Note that Makefile is space sensitive, so when adding new architectures
+# or modifying existing flags, you have to make sure there are no extra spaces
+# at the end of the line for flag values.
+
+### 2.1. General
+debug = no
+optimize = yes
+
+### 2.2 Architecture specific
+
+# General-section
+ifeq ($(ARCH),general-64)
+	arch = any
+	os = any
+	bits = 64
+	bigendian = no
+	prefetch = no
+	bsfq = no
+	popcnt = no
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(ARCH),general-32)
+	arch = any
+	os = any
+	bits = 32
+	bigendian = no
+	prefetch = no
+	bsfq = no
+	popcnt = no
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(ARCH),bigendian-64)
+	arch = any
+	os = any
+	bits = 64
+	bigendian = yes
+	prefetch = no
+	bsfq = no
+	popcnt = no
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(ARCH),bigendian-32)
+	arch = any
+	os = any
+	bits = 32
+	bigendian = yes
+	prefetch = no
+	bsfq = no
+	popcnt = no
+endif
+
+# x86-section
+ifeq ($(ARCH),x86-64)
+	arch = x86_64
+	os = any
+	bits = 64
+	bigendian = no
+	prefetch = yes
+	bsfq = yes
+	popcnt = no
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(ARCH),x86-64-modern)
+	arch = x86_64
+	os = any
+	bits = 64
+	bigendian = no
+	prefetch = yes
+	bsfq = yes
+	popcnt = yes
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(ARCH),x86-32)
+	arch = i386
+	os = any
+	bits = 32
+	bigendian = no
+	prefetch = yes
+	bsfq = no
+	popcnt = no
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(ARCH),x86-32-old)
+	arch = i386
+	os = any
+	bits = 32
+	bigendian = no
+	prefetch = no
+	bsfq = no
+	popcnt = no
+endif
+
+# osx-section
+ifeq ($(ARCH),osx-ppc-64)
+	arch = ppc64
+	os = osx
+	bits = 64
+	bigendian = yes
+	prefetch = no
+	bsfq = no
+	popcnt = no
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(ARCH),osx-ppc-32)
+	arch = ppc
+	os = osx
+	bits = 32
+	bigendian = yes
+	prefetch = no
+	bsfq = no
+	popcnt = no
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(ARCH),osx-x86-64)
+	arch = x86_64
+	os = osx
+	bits = 64
+	bigendian = no
+	prefetch = yes
+	bsfq = yes
+	popcnt = no
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(ARCH),osx-x86-32)
+	arch = i386
+	os = osx
+	bits = 32
+	bigendian = no
+	prefetch = yes
+	bsfq = no
+	popcnt = no
+endif
+
+
+### ==========================================================================
+### Section 3. Low-level configuration
+### ==========================================================================
+
+### 3.1 Selecting compiler (default = gcc)
+ifeq ($(COMP),)
+	COMP=gcc
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(COMP),gcc)
+	comp=gcc
+	CXX=g++
+	profile_prepare = gcc-profile-prepare
+	profile_make = gcc-profile-make
+	profile_use = gcc-profile-use
+	profile_clean = gcc-profile-clean
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(COMP),icc)
+	comp=icc
+	CXX=icpc
+	profile_prepare = icc-profile-prepare
+	profile_make = icc-profile-make
+	profile_use = icc-profile-use
+	profile_clean = icc-profile-clean
+endif
+
+### 3.2 General compiler settings
+CXXFLAGS += -g -Wall -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti $(EXTRACXXFLAGS)
+
+ifeq ($(comp),icc)
+	CXXFLAGS += -wd383,869,981,10187,10188,11505,11503
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(os),osx)
+	CXXFLAGS += -arch $(arch)
+endif
+
+### 3.3 General linker settings
+LDFLAGS += -lpthread $(EXTRALDFLAGS)
+
+ifeq ($(os),osx)
+	LDFLAGS += -arch $(arch)
+endif
+
+### 3.4 Debugging
+ifeq ($(debug),no)
+	CXXFLAGS += -DNDEBUG
+endif
+
+### 3.5 Optimization
+ifeq ($(optimize),yes)
+
+	ifeq ($(comp),gcc)
+		CXXFLAGS += -O3
+
+		ifeq ($(os),osx)
+			ifeq ($(arch),i386)
+				CXXFLAGS += -mdynamic-no-pic
+			endif
+			ifeq ($(arch),x86_64)
+				CXXFLAGS += -mdynamic-no-pic
+			endif
+		endif
+	endif
+
+	ifeq ($(comp),icc)
+		CXXFLAGS += -fast
+
+		ifeq ($(os),osx)
+			CXXFLAGS += -mdynamic-no-pic
+		endif
+	endif
+endif
+
+### 3.6. Bits
+ifeq ($(bits),64)
+	CXXFLAGS += -DIS_64BIT
+endif
+
+### 3.7 Endianess
+ifeq ($(bigendian),yes)
+	CXXFLAGS += -DBIGENDIAN
+endif
+
+### 3.8 prefetch
+ifeq ($(prefetch),yes)
+	CXXFLAGS += -msse
+	DEPENDFLAGS += -msse
+else
+	CXXFLAGS += -DNO_PREFETCH
+endif
+
+### 3.9 bsfq
+ifeq ($(bsfq),yes)
+	CXXFLAGS += -DUSE_BSFQ
+endif
+
+### 3.10 popcnt
+ifeq ($(popcnt),yes)
+	CXXFLAGS += -DUSE_POPCNT
+endif
+
+### ==========================================================================
+### Section 4. Public targets
+### ==========================================================================
+
+default:
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) build
+
+help:
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "To compile stockfish, type: "
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "make target ARCH=arch [COMP=comp]"
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Supported targets:"
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "build                > Build unoptimized version"
+	@echo "profile-build        > Build PGO-optimized version"
+	@echo "popcnt-profile-build > Build PGO-optimized version with optional popcnt-support"
+	@echo "strip                > Strip executable"
+	@echo "install              > Install executable"
+	@echo "clean                > Clean up"
+	@echo "testrun              > Make sample run"
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Supported archs:"
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "x86-64               > x86 64-bit"
+	@echo "x86-64-modern        > x86 64-bit with runtime support for popcnt-instruction"
+	@echo "x86-32               > x86 32-bit excluding very old hardware without SSE-support"
+	@echo "x86-32-old           > x86 32-bit including also very old hardware"
+	@echo "osx-ppc-64           > PPC-Mac OS X 64 bit"
+	@echo "osx-ppc-32           > PPC-Mac OS X 32 bit"
+	@echo "osx-x86-64           > x86-Mac OS X 64 bit"
+	@echo "osx-x86-32           > x86-Mac OS X 32 bit"
+	@echo "general-64           > unspecified 64-bit"
+	@echo "general-32           > unspecified 32-bit"
+	@echo "bigendian-64         > unspecified 64-bit with bigendian byte order"
+	@echo "bigendian-32         > unspecified 32-bit with bigendian byte order"
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Supported comps:"
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "gcc                  > Gnu compiler (default)"
+	@echo "icc                  > Intel compiler"
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Non-standard targets:"
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "make hpux           >  Compile for HP-UX. Compiler = aCC"
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Examples. If you don't know what to do, you likely want to run: "
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "make profile-build ARCH=x86-64    (This is for 64-bit systems)"
+	@echo "make profile-build ARCH=x86-32    (This is for 32-bit systems)"
+	@echo ""
+
+build:
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) config-sanity
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) all
+
+profile-build:
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) config-sanity
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Step 0/4. Preparing for profile build."
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) $(profile_prepare)
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Step 1/4. Building executable for benchmark ..."
+	@touch *.cpp *.h
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) $(profile_make)
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Step 2/4. Running benchmark for pgo-build ..."
+	@$(PGOBENCH) > /dev/null
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Step 3/4. Building final executable ..."
+	@touch *.cpp
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) $(profile_use)
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Step 4/4. Deleting profile data ..."
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) $(profile_clean)
+
+popcnt-profile-build:
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) config-sanity
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Step 0/6. Preparing for profile build."
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) $(profile_prepare)
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Step 1/6. Building executable for benchmark (popcnt disabled)..."
+	@touch *.cpp *.h
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=x86-64 COMP=$(COMP) $(profile_make)
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Step 2/6. Running benchmark for pgo-build (popcnt disabled)..."
+	@$(PGOBENCH) > /dev/null
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Step 3/6. Building executable for benchmark (popcnt enabled)..."
+	@touch *.cpp *.h
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=x86-64-modern COMP=$(COMP) $(profile_make)
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Step 4/6. Running benchmark for pgo-build (popcnt enabled)..."
+	@$(PGOBENCH) > /dev/null
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Step 5/6. Building final executable ..."
+	@touch *.cpp *.h
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) $(profile_use)
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Step 6/6. Deleting profile data ..."
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) $(profile_clean)
+	@echo ""
+
+strip:
+	strip $(EXE)
+
+install:
+	-mkdir -p -m 755 $(BINDIR)
+	-cp $(EXE) $(BINDIR)
+	-strip $(BINDIR)/$(EXE)
+
+clean:
+	$(RM) $(EXE) *.o .depend *~ core bench.txt
+
+testrun:
+	@$(PGOBENCH)
+
+### ==========================================================================
+### Section 5. Private targets
+### ==========================================================================
 
 all: $(EXE) .depend
 
-clean:
+config-sanity:
-	$(RM) *.o .depend stockfish
+	@echo ""
-
+	@echo "Config:"
-
+	@echo "debug: '$(debug)'"
-###
+	@echo "optimize: '$(optimize)'"
-### Compiler:
+	@echo "arch: '$(arch)'"
-###
+	@echo "os: '$(os)'"
-
+	@echo "bits: '$(bits)'"
-# CXX = g++
+	@echo "bigendian: '$(bigendian)'"
-# CXX = g++-4.2
+	@echo "prefetch: '$(prefetch)'"
-CXX = icpc
+	@echo "bsfq: '$(bsfq)'"
-
+	@echo "popcnt: '$(popcnt)'"
-
+	@echo ""
-###
+	@echo "Flags:"
-### Dependencies
+	@echo "CXX: $(CXX)"
-###
+	@echo "CXXFLAGS: $(CXXFLAGS)"
+	@echo "LDFLAGS: $(LDFLAGS)"
+	@echo ""
+	@echo "Testing config sanity. If this fails, try 'make help' ..."
+	@echo ""
+	@test "$(debug)" = "yes" || test "$(debug)" = "no"
+	@test "$(optimize)" = "yes" || test "$(optimize)" = "no"
+	@test "$(arch)" = "any" || test "$(arch)" = "x86_64" || test "$(arch)" = "i386" || \
+	 test "$(arch)" = "ppc64" || test "$(arch)" = "ppc"
+	@test "$(os)" = "any" || test "$(os)" = "osx"
+	@test "$(bits)" = "32" || test "$(bits)" = "64"
+	@test "$(bigendian)" = "yes" || test "$(bigendian)" = "no"
+	@test "$(prefetch)" = "yes" || test "$(prefetch)" = "no"
+	@test "$(bsfq)" = "yes" || test "$(bsfq)" = "no"
+	@test "$(popcnt)" = "yes" || test "$(popcnt)" = "no"
+	@test "$(comp)" = "gcc" || test "$(comp)" = "icc"
 
 $(EXE): $(OBJS)
-	$(CXX) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $(OBJS)
+	$(CXX) -o $@ $(OBJS) $(LDFLAGS)
+
+gcc-profile-prepare:
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) gcc-profile-clean
+
+gcc-profile-make:
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) \
+	EXTRACXXFLAGS='-fprofile-generate' \
+	EXTRALDFLAGS='-lgcov' \
+	all
+
+gcc-profile-use:
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) \
+	EXTRACXXFLAGS='-fprofile-use' \
+	all
+
+gcc-profile-clean:
+	@rm -rf *.gcda *.gcno bench.txt
+
+icc-profile-prepare:
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) icc-profile-clean
+	@mkdir profdir
+
+icc-profile-make:
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) \
+	EXTRACXXFLAGS='-prof-gen=srcpos -prof_dir ./profdir' \
+	all
+
+icc-profile-use:
+	$(MAKE) ARCH=$(ARCH) COMP=$(COMP) \
+	EXTRACXXFLAGS='-prof_use -prof_dir ./profdir' \
+	all
+
+icc-profile-clean:
+	@rm -rf profdir bench.txt
 
 .depend:
-	$(CXX) -MM $(OBJS:.o=.cpp) > $@
+	-@$(CXX) $(DEPENDFLAGS) -MM $(OBJS:.o=.cpp) > $@ 2> /dev/null
 
-include .depend
+-include .depend
 
 
-###
+### ==========================================================================
-### Compiler and linker switches
+### Section 6. Non-standard targets
-###
+### ==========================================================================
 
-# Enable/disable debugging:
+hpux:
+	$(MAKE) \
+	CXX='/opt/aCC/bin/aCC -AA +hpxstd98 -DBIGENDIAN -mt +O3 -DNDEBUG' \
+	CXXFLAGS="" \
+	LDFLAGS="" \
+	all
 
-CXXFLAGS += -DNDEBUG
-
-
-# Compile with full warnings, and symbol names
-
-CXXFLAGS += -Wall -g
-
-
-# General optimization flags.  Note that -O2 might be faster than -O3 on some
-# systems; this requires testing.
-
-CXXFLAGS += -O3 -fno-exceptions -fomit-frame-pointer -fno-rtti -fno-strict-aliasing
-
-# Disable most annoying warnings for the Intel C++ compiler
-
-CXXFLAGS += -wd383,869,981
-
-
-# Compiler optimization flags for the Intel C++ compiler in Mac OS X:
-
-# CXXFLAGS += -mdynamic-no-pic -no-prec-div -ipo -static -xP
-
-
-# Profiler guided optimization with the Intel C++ compiler.  To use it, first
-# create the directory ./profdata if it does not already exist, and delete its
-# contents if it does exist.  Then compile with -prof_gen, and run the
-# resulting binary for a while (for instance, do ./stockfish bench 128 1, and
-# wait 15 minutes for the benchmark to complete).  Then do a 'make clean', and
-# recompile with -prof_use.
-
-# CXXFLAGS += -prof_gen -prof_dir profdata
-# CXXFLAGS += -prof_use -prof_dir ./profdata
-
-
-# Profiler guided optimization with GCC.  I've never been able to make this
-# work.
-
-# CXXFLAGS += -fprofile-generate
-# LDFLAGS += -fprofile-generate
-# CXXFLAGS += -fprofile-use
-# CXXFLAGS += -fprofile-use
-
-
-# General linker flags
-
-LDFLAGS += -lm -lpthread
-
-
-# Compiler switches for generating binaries for various CPUs in Mac OS X.
-# Note that 'arch ppc' and 'arch ppc64' only works with g++, and not with
-# the intel compiler.
-
-# CXXFLAGS += -arch ppc
-# CXXFLAGS += -arch ppc64
-# CXXFLAGS += -arch i386
-# CXXFLAGS += -arch x86_64
-# LDFLAGS += -arch ppc
-# LDFLAGS += -arch ppc64
-# LDFLAGS += -arch i386
-# LDFLAGS += -arch x86_64
-
-
-# Backwards compatibility with Mac OS X 10.4 when compiling under 10.5 with
-# GCC 4.0.  I haven't found a way to make it work with GCC 4.2.
-
-# CXXFLAGS += -isysroot /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.4u.sdk
-# CXXFLAGS += -mmacosx-version-min=10.4
-# LDFLAGS += -isysroot /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.4u.sdk
-# LDFLAGS += -Wl,-syslibroot /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.4u.sdk
-# LDFLAGS += -mmacosx-version-min=10.4
-
-
-# Backwards compatibility with Mac OS X 10.4 when compiling with ICC.  Doesn't
-# work yet. :-(
-
-# CXXFLAGS += -DMAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED=1040
-# CXXFLAGS += -DMAC_OS_X_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED=1040
-# CXXFLAGS += -D__ENVIRONMENT_MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED__=1040
-# CXXFLAGS += -F/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.4u.sdk/
-# LDFLAGS += -Wl,-syslibroot -Wl,/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.4u.sdk

src/application.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+/*
+  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
+  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+
+  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+  GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+
+////
+//// Includes
+////
+
+#include "bitboard.h"
+#include "direction.h"
+#include "endgame.h"
+#include "evaluate.h"
+#include "material.h"
+#include "mersenne.h"
+#include "misc.h"
+#include "movepick.h"
+#include "position.h"
+#include "search.h"
+#include "thread.h"
+#include "ucioption.h"
+
+
+/// Application class is in charge of initializing global resources
+/// at startup and cleanly releases them when program terminates.
+
+Application::Application() {
+
+    init_mersenne();
+    init_direction_table();
+    init_bitboards();
+    init_uci_options();
+    Position::init_zobrist();
+    Position::init_piece_square_tables();
+    init_eval(1);
+    init_bitbases();
+    init_search();
+    init_threads();
+
+    // Make random number generation less deterministic, for book moves
+    for (int i = abs(get_system_time() % 10000); i > 0; i--)
+        genrand_int32();
+}
+
+void Application::initialize() {
+
+  // A static Application object is allocated
+  // once only when this function is called.
+  static Application singleton;
+}
+
+void Application::free_resources() {
+
+  // Warning, following functions reference global objects that
+  // must be still alive when free_resources() is called.
+  exit_threads();
+  quit_eval();
+}
+
+void Application::exit_with_failure() {
+
+  exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}

src/application.h

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
+  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+
+  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+  GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+
+#if !defined(APPLICATION_H_INCLUDED)
+#define APPLICATION_H_INCLUDED
+
+
+/// Singleton class used to housekeep memory and global resources
+/// so to be sure we always leave in a clean state.
+
+class Application {
+
+  Application();
+  Application(const Application&);
+
+public:
+  static void initialize();
+  static void free_resources();
+  static void exit_with_failure();
+};
+
+#endif // !defined(APPLICATION_H_INCLUDED)

src/benchmark.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -30,15 +30,16 @@
 #include "thread.h"
 #include "ucioption.h"
 
+using namespace std;
 
 ////
 //// Variables
 ////
 
-const std::string BenchmarkPositions[] = {
+const string BenchmarkPositions[] = {
   "rnbqkbnr/pppppppp/8/8/8/8/PPPPPPPP/RNBQKBNR w KQkq - 0 1",
-  "r4rk1/1b2qppp/p1n1p3/1p6/1b1PN3/3BRN2/PP3PPP/R2Q2K1 b - - 7 16",
+  "r3k2r/p1ppqpb1/bn2pnp1/3PN3/1p2P3/2N2Q1p/PPPBBPPP/R3K2R w KQkq -",
-  "4r1k1/ppq3pp/3b4/2pP4/2Q1p3/4B1P1/PP5P/R5K1 b - - 0 20",
+  "8/2p5/3p4/KP5r/1R3p1k/8/4P1P1/8 w - -",
   "4rrk1/pp1n3p/3q2pQ/2p1pb2/2PP4/2P3N1/P2B2PP/4RRK1 b - - 7 19",
   "rq3rk1/ppp2ppp/1bnpb3/3N2B1/3NP3/7P/PPPQ1PP1/2KR3R w - - 7 14",
   "r1bq1r1k/1pp1n1pp/1p1p4/4p2Q/4Pp2/1BNP4/PPP2PPP/3R1RK1 w - - 2 14",
@@ -67,27 +68,26 @@ const std::string BenchmarkPositions[] = {
 /// format (default are the BenchmarkPositions defined above).
 /// The analysis is written to a file named bench.txt.
 
-void benchmark(const std::string& commandLine) {
+void benchmark(const string& commandLine) {
 
-  std::istringstream csVal(commandLine);
+  istringstream csVal(commandLine);
-  std::istringstream csStr(commandLine);
+  istringstream csStr(commandLine);
-  std::string ttSize, threads, fileName, limitType;
+  string ttSize, threads, fileName, limitType, timFile;
   int val, secsPerPos, maxDepth, maxNodes;
 
   csStr >> ttSize;
   csVal >> val;
   if (val < 4 || val > 1024)
   {
-      std::cerr << "The hash table size must be between 4 and 1024" << std::endl;
+      cerr << "The hash table size must be between 4 and 1024" << endl;
-      exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+      Application::exit_with_failure();
   }
   csStr >> threads;
   csVal >> val;
-  if (val < 1 || val > THREAD_MAX)
+  if (val < 1 || val > MAX_THREADS)
   {
-      std::cerr << "The number of threads must be between 1 and " << THREAD_MAX
+      cerr << "The number of threads must be between 1 and " << MAX_THREADS << endl;
-                << std::endl;
+      Application::exit_with_failure();
-      exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
   }
   set_option_value("Hash", ttSize);
   set_option_value("Threads", threads);
@@ -98,54 +98,89 @@ void benchmark(const std::string& commandLine) {
   csVal >> val;
   csVal >> fileName;
   csVal >> limitType;
+  csVal >> timFile;
 
   secsPerPos = maxDepth = maxNodes = 0;
 
   if (limitType == "time")
       secsPerPos = val * 1000;
-  else if (limitType == "depth")
+  else if (limitType == "depth" || limitType == "perft")
       maxDepth = val;
   else
       maxNodes = val;
 
-  std::vector<std::string> positions;
+  vector<string> positions;
 
   if (fileName != "default")
   {
-      std::ifstream fenFile(fileName.c_str());
+      ifstream fenFile(fileName.c_str());
       if (!fenFile.is_open())
       {
-          std::cerr << "Unable to open positions file " << fileName
+          cerr << "Unable to open positions file " << fileName << endl;
-                    << std::endl;
+          Application::exit_with_failure();
-          exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
       }
-      std::string pos;
+      string pos;
       while (fenFile.good())
       {
-          std::getline(fenFile, pos);
+          getline(fenFile, pos);
           if (!pos.empty())
               positions.push_back(pos);
       }
       fenFile.close();
   } else
       for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++)
-          positions.push_back(std::string(BenchmarkPositions[i]));
+          positions.push_back(string(BenchmarkPositions[i]));
 
-  int startTime = get_system_time();
+  ofstream timingFile;
-  std::vector<std::string>::iterator it;
+  if (!timFile.empty())
+  {
+      timingFile.open(timFile.c_str(), ios::out | ios::app);
+      if (!timingFile.is_open())
+      {
+          cerr << "Unable to open timing file " << timFile << endl;
+          Application::exit_with_failure();
+      }
+  }
+
+  vector<string>::iterator it;
   int cnt = 1;
   int64_t totalNodes = 0;
+  int startTime = get_system_time();
+
   for (it = positions.begin(); it != positions.end(); ++it, ++cnt)
   {
       Move moves[1] = {MOVE_NONE};
       int dummy[2] = {0, 0};
-      Position pos(*it);
+      Position pos(*it, 0);
-      std::cout << "\nProcessing position " << cnt << '/' << positions.size() << std::endl << std::endl;
+      cerr << "\nBench position: " << cnt << '/' << positions.size() << endl << endl;
-      think(pos, true, false, 0, dummy, dummy, 0, maxDepth, maxNodes, secsPerPos, moves);
+      if (limitType == "perft")
-      totalNodes += nodes_searched();
+      {
+          int64_t perftCnt = perft(pos, maxDepth * OnePly);
+          cerr << "\nPerft " << maxDepth << " result (nodes searched): " << perftCnt << endl << endl;
+          totalNodes += perftCnt;
+      } else {
+          if (!think(pos, false, false, 0, dummy, dummy, 0, maxDepth, maxNodes, secsPerPos, moves))
+              break;
+          totalNodes += nodes_searched();
+      }
   }
-  std::cout << "\nProcessing time (ms) " << get_system_time() - startTime << std::endl
+
-            << "Nodes searched " << totalNodes << std::endl
+  cnt = get_system_time() - startTime;
-            << "Press any key to exit" << std::endl;
+  cerr << "==============================="
-  std::cin >> fileName;
+       << "\nTotal time (ms) : " << cnt
+       << "\nNodes searched  : " << totalNodes
+       << "\nNodes/second    : " << (int)(totalNodes/(cnt/1000.0)) << endl << endl;
+
+  if (!timFile.empty())
+  {
+      timingFile << cnt << endl << endl;
+      timingFile.close();
+  }
+
+  // Under MS Visual C++ debug window always unconditionally closes
+  // when program exits, this is bad because we want to read results before.
+  #if (defined(WINDOWS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(WIN64))
+  cerr << "Press any key to exit" << endl;
+  cin >> fileName;
+  #endif
 }

src/benchmark.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

src/bitbase.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

src/bitbase.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

src/bitboard.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -22,137 +22,14 @@
 //// Includes
 ////
 
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-    #include <intrin.h>
-    #ifdef _WIN64
-        #pragma intrinsic(_BitScanForward64)
-    #else
-        #pragma intrinsic(_BitScanForward)
-    #endif
-    #define USING_INTRINSICS
-#endif
-
 #include <iostream>
 
 #include "bitboard.h"
+#include "bitcount.h"
 #include "direction.h"
 
 
-#if defined(USE_COMPACT_ROOK_ATTACKS)
+#if defined(IS_64BIT)
-
-Bitboard RankAttacks[8][64], FileAttacks[8][64];
-
-#elif defined(USE_32BIT_ATTACKS)
-
-const uint64_t RMult[64] = {
-  0xd7445cdec88002c0ULL, 0xd0a505c1f2001722ULL, 0xe065d1c896002182ULL,
-  0x9a8c41e75a000892ULL, 0x8900b10c89002aa8ULL, 0x9b28d1c1d60005a2ULL,
-  0x15d6c88de002d9aULL, 0xb1dbfc802e8016a9ULL, 0x149a1042d9d60029ULL,
-  0xb9c08050599e002fULL, 0x132208c3af300403ULL, 0xc1000ce2e9c50070ULL,
-  0x9d9aa13c99020012ULL, 0xb6b078daf71e0046ULL, 0x9d880182fb6e002eULL,
-  0x52889f467e850037ULL, 0xda6dc008d19a8480ULL, 0x468286034f902420ULL,
-  0x7140ac09dc54c020ULL, 0xd76ffffa39548808ULL, 0xea901c4141500808ULL,
-  0xc91004093f953a02ULL, 0x2882afa8f6bb402ULL, 0xaebe335692442c01ULL,
-  0xe904a22079fb91eULL, 0x13a514851055f606ULL, 0x76c782018c8fe632ULL,
-  0x1dc012a9d116da06ULL, 0x3c9e0037264fffa6ULL, 0x2036002853c6e4a2ULL,
-  0xe3fe08500afb47d4ULL, 0xf38af25c86b025c2ULL, 0xc0800e2182cf9a40ULL,
-  0x72002480d1f60673ULL, 0x2500200bae6e9b53ULL, 0xc60018c1eefca252ULL,
-  0x600590473e3608aULL, 0x46002c4ab3fe51b2ULL, 0xa200011486bcc8d2ULL,
-  0xb680078095784c63ULL, 0x2742002639bf11aeULL, 0xc7d60021a5bdb142ULL,
-  0xc8c04016bb83d820ULL, 0xbd520028123b4842ULL, 0x9d1600344ac2a832ULL,
-  0x6a808005631c8a05ULL, 0x604600a148d5389aULL, 0xe2e40103d40dea65ULL,
-  0x945b5a0087c62a81ULL, 0x12dc200cd82d28eULL, 0x2431c600b5f9ef76ULL,
-  0xfb142a006a9b314aULL, 0x6870e00a1c97d62ULL, 0x2a9db2004a2689a2ULL,
-  0xd3594600caf5d1a2ULL, 0xee0e4900439344a7ULL, 0x89c4d266ca25007aULL,
-  0x3e0013a2743f97e3ULL, 0x180e31a0431378aULL, 0x3a9e465a4d42a512ULL,
-  0x98d0a11a0c0d9cc2ULL, 0x8e711c1aba19b01eULL, 0x8dcdc836dd201142ULL,
-  0x5ac08a4735370479ULL,
-};
-
-const int RShift[64] = {
-  20, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 20, 21, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 21,
-  21, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 21, 21, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 21,
-  21, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 21, 21, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 21,
-  21, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 21, 20, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 20
-};
-
-#else // if defined(USE_32BIT_ATTACKS)
-
-const uint64_t RMult[64] = {
-  0xa8002c000108020ULL, 0x4440200140003000ULL, 0x8080200010011880ULL,
-  0x380180080141000ULL, 0x1a00060008211044ULL, 0x410001000a0c0008ULL,
-  0x9500060004008100ULL, 0x100024284a20700ULL, 0x802140008000ULL,
-  0x80c01002a00840ULL, 0x402004282011020ULL, 0x9862000820420050ULL,
-  0x1001448011100ULL, 0x6432800200800400ULL, 0x40100010002000cULL,
-  0x2800d0010c080ULL, 0x90c0008000803042ULL, 0x4010004000200041ULL,
-  0x3010010200040ULL, 0xa40828028001000ULL, 0x123010008000430ULL,
-  0x24008004020080ULL, 0x60040001104802ULL, 0x582200028400d1ULL,
-  0x4000802080044000ULL, 0x408208200420308ULL, 0x610038080102000ULL,
-  0x3601000900100020ULL, 0x80080040180ULL, 0xc2020080040080ULL,
-  0x80084400100102ULL, 0x4022408200014401ULL, 0x40052040800082ULL,
-  0xb08200280804000ULL, 0x8a80a008801000ULL, 0x4000480080801000ULL,
-  0x911808800801401ULL, 0x822a003002001894ULL, 0x401068091400108aULL,
-  0x4a10a00004cULL, 0x2000800640008024ULL, 0x1486408102020020ULL,
-  0x100a000d50041ULL, 0x810050020b0020ULL, 0x204000800808004ULL,
-  0x20048100a000cULL, 0x112000831020004ULL, 0x9000040810002ULL,
-  0x440490200208200ULL, 0x8910401000200040ULL, 0x6404200050008480ULL,
-  0x4b824a2010010100ULL, 0x4080801810c0080ULL, 0x400802a0080ULL,
-  0x8224080110026400ULL, 0x40002c4104088200ULL, 0x1002100104a0282ULL,
-  0x1208400811048021ULL, 0x3201014a40d02001ULL, 0x5100019200501ULL,
-  0x101000208001005ULL, 0x2008450080702ULL, 0x1002080301d00cULL,
-  0x410201ce5c030092ULL
-};
-
-const int RShift[64] = {
-  52, 53, 53, 53, 53, 53, 53, 52, 53, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 53,
-  53, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 53, 53, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 53,
-  53, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 53, 53, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 53,
-  53, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 53, 52, 53, 53, 53, 53, 53, 53, 52
-};
-
-#endif // defined(USE_32BIT_ATTACKS)
-
-#if !defined(USE_COMPACT_ROOK_ATTACKS)
-Bitboard RMask[64];
-int RAttackIndex[64];
-Bitboard RAttacks[0x19000];
-#endif
-
-#if defined(USE_32BIT_ATTACKS)
-
-const uint64_t BMult[64] = {
-  0x54142844c6a22981ULL, 0x710358a6ea25c19eULL, 0x704f746d63a4a8dcULL,
-  0xbfed1a0b80f838c5ULL, 0x90561d5631e62110ULL, 0x2804260376e60944ULL,
-  0x84a656409aa76871ULL, 0xf0267f64c28b6197ULL, 0x70764ebb762f0585ULL,
-  0x92aa09e0cfe161deULL, 0x41ee1f6bb266f60eULL, 0xddcbf04f6039c444ULL,
-  0x5a3fab7bac0d988aULL, 0xd3727877fa4eaa03ULL, 0xd988402d868ddaaeULL,
-  0x812b291afa075c7cULL, 0x94faf987b685a932ULL, 0x3ed867d8470d08dbULL,
-  0x92517660b8901de8ULL, 0x2d97e43e058814b4ULL, 0x880a10c220b25582ULL,
-  0xc7c6520d1f1a0477ULL, 0xdbfc7fbcd7656aa6ULL, 0x78b1b9bfb1a2b84fULL,
-  0x2f20037f112a0bc1ULL, 0x657171ea2269a916ULL, 0xc08302b07142210eULL,
-  0x880a4403064080bULL, 0x3602420842208c00ULL, 0x852800dc7e0b6602ULL,
-  0x595a3fbbaa0f03b2ULL, 0x9f01411558159d5eULL, 0x2b4a4a5f88b394f2ULL,
-  0x4afcbffc292dd03aULL, 0x4a4094a3b3f10522ULL, 0xb06f00b491f30048ULL,
-  0xd5b3820280d77004ULL, 0x8b2e01e7c8e57a75ULL, 0x2d342794e886c2e6ULL,
-  0xc302c410cde21461ULL, 0x111f426f1379c274ULL, 0xe0569220abb31588ULL,
-  0x5026d3064d453324ULL, 0xe2076040c343cd8aULL, 0x93efd1e1738021eeULL,
-  0xb680804bed143132ULL, 0x44e361b21986944cULL, 0x44c60170ef5c598cULL,
-  0xf4da475c195c9c94ULL, 0xa3afbb5f72060b1dULL, 0xbc75f410e41c4ffcULL,
-  0xb51c099390520922ULL, 0x902c011f8f8ec368ULL, 0x950b56b3d6f5490aULL,
-  0x3909e0635bf202d0ULL, 0x5744f90206ec10ccULL, 0xdc59fd76317abbc1ULL,
-  0x881c7c67fcbfc4f6ULL, 0x47ca41e7e440d423ULL, 0xeb0c88112048d004ULL,
-  0x51c60e04359aef1aULL, 0x1aa1fe0e957a5554ULL, 0xdd9448db4f5e3104ULL,
-  0xdc01f6dca4bebbdcULL,
-};
-
-const int BShift[64] = {
-  26, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 26, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27,
-  27, 27, 25, 25, 25, 25, 27, 27, 27, 27, 25, 23, 23, 25, 27, 27,
-  27, 27, 25, 23, 23, 25, 27, 27, 27, 27, 25, 25, 25, 25, 27, 27,
-  27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 26, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 26
-};
-
-#else // if defined(USE_32BIT_ATTACKS)
 
 const uint64_t BMult[64] = {
   0x440049104032280ULL, 0x1021023c82008040ULL, 0x404040082000048ULL,
@@ -179,6 +56,31 @@ const uint64_t BMult[64] = {
   0xa08520292120600ULL
 };
 
+const uint64_t RMult[64] = {
+  0xa8002c000108020ULL, 0x4440200140003000ULL, 0x8080200010011880ULL,
+  0x380180080141000ULL, 0x1a00060008211044ULL, 0x410001000a0c0008ULL,
+  0x9500060004008100ULL, 0x100024284a20700ULL, 0x802140008000ULL,
+  0x80c01002a00840ULL, 0x402004282011020ULL, 0x9862000820420050ULL,
+  0x1001448011100ULL, 0x6432800200800400ULL, 0x40100010002000cULL,
+  0x2800d0010c080ULL, 0x90c0008000803042ULL, 0x4010004000200041ULL,
+  0x3010010200040ULL, 0xa40828028001000ULL, 0x123010008000430ULL,
+  0x24008004020080ULL, 0x60040001104802ULL, 0x582200028400d1ULL,
+  0x4000802080044000ULL, 0x408208200420308ULL, 0x610038080102000ULL,
+  0x3601000900100020ULL, 0x80080040180ULL, 0xc2020080040080ULL,
+  0x80084400100102ULL, 0x4022408200014401ULL, 0x40052040800082ULL,
+  0xb08200280804000ULL, 0x8a80a008801000ULL, 0x4000480080801000ULL,
+  0x911808800801401ULL, 0x822a003002001894ULL, 0x401068091400108aULL,
+  0x4a10a00004cULL, 0x2000800640008024ULL, 0x1486408102020020ULL,
+  0x100a000d50041ULL, 0x810050020b0020ULL, 0x204000800808004ULL,
+  0x20048100a000cULL, 0x112000831020004ULL, 0x9000040810002ULL,
+  0x440490200208200ULL, 0x8910401000200040ULL, 0x6404200050008480ULL,
+  0x4b824a2010010100ULL, 0x4080801810c0080ULL, 0x400802a0080ULL,
+  0x8224080110026400ULL, 0x40002c4104088200ULL, 0x1002100104a0282ULL,
+  0x1208400811048021ULL, 0x3201014a40d02001ULL, 0x5100019200501ULL,
+  0x101000208001005ULL, 0x2008450080702ULL, 0x1002080301d00cULL,
+  0x410201ce5c030092ULL
+};
+
 const int BShift[64] = {
   58, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 58, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59,
   59, 59, 57, 57, 57, 57, 59, 59, 59, 59, 57, 55, 55, 57, 59, 59,
@@ -186,7 +88,132 @@ const int BShift[64] = {
   59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 58, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 59, 58
 };
 
-#endif // defined(USE_32BIT_ATTACKS)
+const int RShift[64] = {
+  52, 53, 53, 53, 53, 53, 53, 52, 53, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 53,
+  53, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 53, 53, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 53,
+  53, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 53, 53, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 53,
+  53, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 54, 53, 52, 53, 53, 53, 53, 53, 53, 52
+};
+
+#else // if !defined(IS_64BIT)
+
+const uint64_t BMult[64] = {
+  0x54142844c6a22981ULL, 0x710358a6ea25c19eULL, 0x704f746d63a4a8dcULL,
+  0xbfed1a0b80f838c5ULL, 0x90561d5631e62110ULL, 0x2804260376e60944ULL,
+  0x84a656409aa76871ULL, 0xf0267f64c28b6197ULL, 0x70764ebb762f0585ULL,
+  0x92aa09e0cfe161deULL, 0x41ee1f6bb266f60eULL, 0xddcbf04f6039c444ULL,
+  0x5a3fab7bac0d988aULL, 0xd3727877fa4eaa03ULL, 0xd988402d868ddaaeULL,
+  0x812b291afa075c7cULL, 0x94faf987b685a932ULL, 0x3ed867d8470d08dbULL,
+  0x92517660b8901de8ULL, 0x2d97e43e058814b4ULL, 0x880a10c220b25582ULL,
+  0xc7c6520d1f1a0477ULL, 0xdbfc7fbcd7656aa6ULL, 0x78b1b9bfb1a2b84fULL,
+  0x2f20037f112a0bc1ULL, 0x657171ea2269a916ULL, 0xc08302b07142210eULL,
+  0x880a4403064080bULL, 0x3602420842208c00ULL, 0x852800dc7e0b6602ULL,
+  0x595a3fbbaa0f03b2ULL, 0x9f01411558159d5eULL, 0x2b4a4a5f88b394f2ULL,
+  0x4afcbffc292dd03aULL, 0x4a4094a3b3f10522ULL, 0xb06f00b491f30048ULL,
+  0xd5b3820280d77004ULL, 0x8b2e01e7c8e57a75ULL, 0x2d342794e886c2e6ULL,
+  0xc302c410cde21461ULL, 0x111f426f1379c274ULL, 0xe0569220abb31588ULL,
+  0x5026d3064d453324ULL, 0xe2076040c343cd8aULL, 0x93efd1e1738021eeULL,
+  0xb680804bed143132ULL, 0x44e361b21986944cULL, 0x44c60170ef5c598cULL,
+  0xf4da475c195c9c94ULL, 0xa3afbb5f72060b1dULL, 0xbc75f410e41c4ffcULL,
+  0xb51c099390520922ULL, 0x902c011f8f8ec368ULL, 0x950b56b3d6f5490aULL,
+  0x3909e0635bf202d0ULL, 0x5744f90206ec10ccULL, 0xdc59fd76317abbc1ULL,
+  0x881c7c67fcbfc4f6ULL, 0x47ca41e7e440d423ULL, 0xeb0c88112048d004ULL,
+  0x51c60e04359aef1aULL, 0x1aa1fe0e957a5554ULL, 0xdd9448db4f5e3104ULL,
+  0xdc01f6dca4bebbdcULL,
+};
+
+const uint64_t RMult[64] = {
+  0xd7445cdec88002c0ULL, 0xd0a505c1f2001722ULL, 0xe065d1c896002182ULL,
+  0x9a8c41e75a000892ULL, 0x8900b10c89002aa8ULL, 0x9b28d1c1d60005a2ULL,
+  0x15d6c88de002d9aULL, 0xb1dbfc802e8016a9ULL, 0x149a1042d9d60029ULL,
+  0xb9c08050599e002fULL, 0x132208c3af300403ULL, 0xc1000ce2e9c50070ULL,
+  0x9d9aa13c99020012ULL, 0xb6b078daf71e0046ULL, 0x9d880182fb6e002eULL,
+  0x52889f467e850037ULL, 0xda6dc008d19a8480ULL, 0x468286034f902420ULL,
+  0x7140ac09dc54c020ULL, 0xd76ffffa39548808ULL, 0xea901c4141500808ULL,
+  0xc91004093f953a02ULL, 0x2882afa8f6bb402ULL, 0xaebe335692442c01ULL,
+  0xe904a22079fb91eULL, 0x13a514851055f606ULL, 0x76c782018c8fe632ULL,
+  0x1dc012a9d116da06ULL, 0x3c9e0037264fffa6ULL, 0x2036002853c6e4a2ULL,
+  0xe3fe08500afb47d4ULL, 0xf38af25c86b025c2ULL, 0xc0800e2182cf9a40ULL,
+  0x72002480d1f60673ULL, 0x2500200bae6e9b53ULL, 0xc60018c1eefca252ULL,
+  0x600590473e3608aULL, 0x46002c4ab3fe51b2ULL, 0xa200011486bcc8d2ULL,
+  0xb680078095784c63ULL, 0x2742002639bf11aeULL, 0xc7d60021a5bdb142ULL,
+  0xc8c04016bb83d820ULL, 0xbd520028123b4842ULL, 0x9d1600344ac2a832ULL,
+  0x6a808005631c8a05ULL, 0x604600a148d5389aULL, 0xe2e40103d40dea65ULL,
+  0x945b5a0087c62a81ULL, 0x12dc200cd82d28eULL, 0x2431c600b5f9ef76ULL,
+  0xfb142a006a9b314aULL, 0x6870e00a1c97d62ULL, 0x2a9db2004a2689a2ULL,
+  0xd3594600caf5d1a2ULL, 0xee0e4900439344a7ULL, 0x89c4d266ca25007aULL,
+  0x3e0013a2743f97e3ULL, 0x180e31a0431378aULL, 0x3a9e465a4d42a512ULL,
+  0x98d0a11a0c0d9cc2ULL, 0x8e711c1aba19b01eULL, 0x8dcdc836dd201142ULL,
+  0x5ac08a4735370479ULL,
+};
+
+const int BShift[64] = {
+  26, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 26, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27,
+  27, 27, 25, 25, 25, 25, 27, 27, 27, 27, 25, 23, 23, 25, 27, 27,
+  27, 27, 25, 23, 23, 25, 27, 27, 27, 27, 25, 25, 25, 25, 27, 27,
+  27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 26, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27, 26
+};
+
+const int RShift[64] = {
+  20, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 20, 21, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 21,
+  21, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 21, 21, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 21,
+  21, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 21, 21, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 21,
+  21, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 21, 20, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 21, 20
+};
+
+#endif // defined(IS_64BIT)
+
+const Bitboard SquaresByColorBB[2] = { BlackSquaresBB, WhiteSquaresBB };
+
+const Bitboard FileBB[8] = {
+  FileABB, FileBBB, FileCBB, FileDBB, FileEBB, FileFBB, FileGBB, FileHBB
+};
+
+const Bitboard NeighboringFilesBB[8] = {
+  FileBBB, FileABB|FileCBB, FileBBB|FileDBB, FileCBB|FileEBB,
+  FileDBB|FileFBB, FileEBB|FileGBB, FileFBB|FileHBB, FileGBB
+};
+
+const Bitboard ThisAndNeighboringFilesBB[8] = {
+  FileABB|FileBBB, FileABB|FileBBB|FileCBB,
+  FileBBB|FileCBB|FileDBB, FileCBB|FileDBB|FileEBB,
+  FileDBB|FileEBB|FileFBB, FileEBB|FileFBB|FileGBB,
+  FileFBB|FileGBB|FileHBB, FileGBB|FileHBB
+};
+
+const Bitboard RankBB[8] = {
+  Rank1BB, Rank2BB, Rank3BB, Rank4BB, Rank5BB, Rank6BB, Rank7BB, Rank8BB
+};
+
+const Bitboard RelativeRankBB[2][8] = {
+  { Rank1BB, Rank2BB, Rank3BB, Rank4BB, Rank5BB, Rank6BB, Rank7BB, Rank8BB },
+  { Rank8BB, Rank7BB, Rank6BB, Rank5BB, Rank4BB, Rank3BB, Rank2BB, Rank1BB }
+};
+
+const Bitboard InFrontBB[2][8] = {
+  { Rank2BB | Rank3BB | Rank4BB | Rank5BB | Rank6BB | Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
+    Rank3BB | Rank4BB | Rank5BB | Rank6BB | Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
+    Rank4BB | Rank5BB | Rank6BB | Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
+    Rank5BB | Rank6BB | Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
+    Rank6BB | Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
+    Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
+    Rank8BB,
+    EmptyBoardBB
+  },
+  { EmptyBoardBB,
+    Rank1BB,
+    Rank2BB | Rank1BB,
+    Rank3BB | Rank2BB | Rank1BB,
+    Rank4BB | Rank3BB | Rank2BB | Rank1BB,
+    Rank5BB | Rank4BB | Rank3BB | Rank2BB | Rank1BB,
+    Rank6BB | Rank5BB | Rank4BB | Rank3BB | Rank2BB | Rank1BB,
+    Rank7BB | Rank6BB | Rank5BB | Rank4BB | Rank3BB | Rank2BB | Rank1BB
+  }
+};
+
+Bitboard RMask[64];
+int RAttackIndex[64];
+Bitboard RAttacks[0x19000];
 
 Bitboard BMask[64];
 int BAttackIndex[64];
@@ -199,13 +226,16 @@ Bitboard StepAttackBB[16][64];
 Bitboard RayBB[64][8];
 Bitboard BetweenBB[64][64];
 
+Bitboard SquaresInFrontMask[2][64];
 Bitboard PassedPawnMask[2][64];
-Bitboard OutpostMask[2][64];
+Bitboard AttackSpanMask[2][64];
 
 Bitboard BishopPseudoAttacks[64];
 Bitboard RookPseudoAttacks[64];
 Bitboard QueenPseudoAttacks[64];
 
+uint8_t BitCount8Bit[256];
+
 
 ////
 //// Local definitions
@@ -217,17 +247,12 @@ namespace {
   void init_ray_bitboards();
   void init_attacks();
   void init_between_bitboards();
+  void init_pseudo_attacks();
+  Bitboard index_to_bitboard(int index, Bitboard mask);
   Bitboard sliding_attacks(int sq, Bitboard block, int dirs, int deltas[][2],
                            int fmin, int fmax, int rmin, int rmax);
-  Bitboard index_to_bitboard(int index, Bitboard mask);
+  void init_sliding_attacks(Bitboard attacks[], int attackIndex[], Bitboard mask[],
-  void init_sliding_attacks(Bitboard attacks[],
+                            const int shift[], const Bitboard mult[], int deltas[][2]);
-                            int attackIndex[], Bitboard mask[],
-                            const int shift[2], const Bitboard mult[],
-                            int deltas[][2]);
-  void init_pseudo_attacks();
-#if defined(USE_COMPACT_ROOK_ATTACKS)
-  void init_file_and_rank_attacks();
-#endif
 }
 
 
@@ -239,11 +264,14 @@ namespace {
 /// standard output.  This is sometimes useful for debugging.
 
 void print_bitboard(Bitboard b) {
-  for(Rank r = RANK_8; r >= RANK_1; r--) {
+
-    std::cout << "+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+" << std::endl;
+  for (Rank r = RANK_8; r >= RANK_1; r--)
-    for(File f = FILE_A; f <= FILE_H; f++)
+  {
-      std::cout << "| " << (bit_is_set(b, make_square(f, r))? 'X' : ' ') << ' ';
+      std::cout << "+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+" << std::endl;
-    std::cout << "|" << std::endl;
+      for (File f = FILE_A; f <= FILE_H; f++)
+          std::cout << "| " << (bit_is_set(b, make_square(f, r))? 'X' : ' ') << ' ';
+
+      std::cout << "|" << std::endl;
   }
   std::cout << "+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+" << std::endl;
 }
@@ -253,119 +281,97 @@ void print_bitboard(Bitboard b) {
 /// program initialization.
 
 void init_bitboards() {
+
   int rookDeltas[4][2] = {{0,1},{0,-1},{1,0},{-1,0}};
   int bishopDeltas[4][2] = {{1,1},{-1,1},{1,-1},{-1,-1}};
+
   init_masks();
   init_ray_bitboards();
   init_attacks();
   init_between_bitboards();
-#if defined(USE_COMPACT_ROOK_ATTACKS)
+  init_sliding_attacks(RAttacks, RAttackIndex, RMask, RShift, RMult, rookDeltas);
-  init_file_and_rank_attacks();
+  init_sliding_attacks(BAttacks, BAttackIndex, BMask, BShift, BMult, bishopDeltas);
-#else
-  init_sliding_attacks(RAttacks, RAttackIndex, RMask, RShift,
-                       RMult, rookDeltas);
-#endif
-  init_sliding_attacks(BAttacks, BAttackIndex, BMask, BShift,
-                       BMult, bishopDeltas);
   init_pseudo_attacks();
 }
 
 
-#if defined(USE_FOLDED_BITSCAN)
-
-static const int BitTable[64] = {
-  63, 30, 3, 32, 25, 41, 22, 33, 15, 50, 42, 13, 11, 53, 19, 34, 61, 29, 2,
-  51, 21, 43, 45, 10, 18, 47, 1, 54, 9, 57, 0, 35, 62, 31, 40, 4, 49, 5, 52,
-  26, 60, 6, 23, 44, 46, 27, 56, 16, 7, 39, 48, 24, 59, 14, 12, 55, 38, 28,
-  58, 20, 37, 17, 36, 8
-};
-
-
 /// first_1() finds the least significant nonzero bit in a nonzero bitboard.
-
-Square first_1(Bitboard b) {
-  b ^= (b - 1);
-  uint32_t fold = int(b) ^ int(b >> 32);
-  return Square(BitTable[(fold * 0x783a9b23) >> 26]);
-}
-
-
 /// pop_1st_bit() finds and clears the least significant nonzero bit in a
 /// nonzero bitboard.
 
-#if defined(USE_32BIT_ATTACKS)
+#if defined(IS_64BIT) && !defined(USE_BSFQ)
 
-// Use type-punning
+static CACHE_LINE_ALIGNMENT
-union b_union {
+const int BitTable[64] = {
-
-    Bitboard b;
-    struct {
-        uint32_t l;
-        uint32_t h;
-    };
-};
-
-// WARNING: Needs -fno-strict-aliasing compiler option
-Square pop_1st_bit(Bitboard *bb) {
-
-  b_union u;
-  uint32_t b;
-
-  u.b = *bb;
-
-  if (u.l)
-  {
-      b = u.l;
-      *((uint32_t*)bb) = b & (b - 1);
-      b ^= (b - 1);
-  }
-  else
-  {
-      b = u.h;
-      *((uint32_t*)bb+1) = b & (b - 1); // Little endian only?
-      b = ~(b ^ (b - 1));
-  }
-  return Square(BitTable[(b * 0x783a9b23) >> 26]);
-}
-
-#else
-
-Square pop_1st_bit(Bitboard *b) {
-  Bitboard bb = *b ^ (*b - 1);
-  uint32_t fold = int(bb) ^ int(bb >> 32);
-  *b &= (*b - 1);
-  return Square(BitTable[(fold * 0x783a9b23) >> 26]);
-}
-
-#endif
-
-#else
-
-static const int BitTable[64] = {
   0, 1, 2, 7, 3, 13, 8, 19, 4, 25, 14, 28, 9, 34, 20, 40, 5, 17, 26, 38, 15,
   46, 29, 48, 10, 31, 35, 54, 21, 50, 41, 57, 63, 6, 12, 18, 24, 27, 33, 39,
   16, 37, 45, 47, 30, 53, 49, 56, 62, 11, 23, 32, 36, 44, 52, 55, 61, 22, 43,
   51, 60, 42, 59, 58
 };
 
-
-/// first_1() finds the least significant nonzero bit in a nonzero bitboard.
-
 Square first_1(Bitboard b) {
   return Square(BitTable[((b & -b) * 0x218a392cd3d5dbfULL) >> 58]);
 }
 
-
+Square pop_1st_bit(Bitboard* b) {
-/// pop_1st_bit() finds and clears the least significant nonzero bit in a
-/// nonzero bitboard.
-
-Square pop_1st_bit(Bitboard *b) {
   Bitboard bb = *b;
   *b &= (*b - 1);
   return Square(BitTable[((bb & -bb) * 0x218a392cd3d5dbfULL) >> 58]);
 }
 
-#endif // defined(USE_FOLDED_BITSCAN)
+#elif !defined(USE_BSFQ)
+
+static CACHE_LINE_ALIGNMENT
+const int BitTable[64] = {
+  63, 30, 3, 32, 25, 41, 22, 33, 15, 50, 42, 13, 11, 53, 19, 34, 61, 29, 2,
+  51, 21, 43, 45, 10, 18, 47, 1, 54, 9, 57, 0, 35, 62, 31, 40, 4, 49, 5, 52,
+  26, 60, 6, 23, 44, 46, 27, 56, 16, 7, 39, 48, 24, 59, 14, 12, 55, 38, 28,
+  58, 20, 37, 17, 36, 8
+};
+
+Square first_1(Bitboard b) {
+
+  b ^= (b - 1);
+  uint32_t fold = int(b) ^ int(b >> 32);
+  return Square(BitTable[(fold * 0x783a9b23) >> 26]);
+}
+
+// Use type-punning
+union b_union {
+
+    Bitboard b;
+    struct {
+#if defined (BIGENDIAN)
+        uint32_t h;
+        uint32_t l;
+#else
+        uint32_t l;
+        uint32_t h;
+#endif
+    } dw;
+};
+
+Square pop_1st_bit(Bitboard* bb) {
+
+   b_union u;
+   Square ret;
+
+   u.b = *bb;
+
+   if (u.dw.l)
+   {
+       ret = Square(BitTable[((u.dw.l ^ (u.dw.l - 1)) * 0x783a9b23) >> 26]);
+       u.dw.l &= (u.dw.l - 1);
+       *bb = u.b;
+       return ret;
+   }
+   ret = Square(BitTable[((~(u.dw.h ^ (u.dw.h - 1))) * 0x783a9b23) >> 26]);
+   u.dw.h &= (u.dw.h - 1);
+   *bb = u.b;
+   return ret;
+}
+
+#endif
 
 
 namespace {
@@ -376,36 +382,46 @@ namespace {
   // be necessary to touch any of them.
 
   void init_masks() {
+
     SetMaskBB[SQ_NONE] = 0ULL;
     ClearMaskBB[SQ_NONE] = ~SetMaskBB[SQ_NONE];
-    for(Square s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; s++) {
+
-      SetMaskBB[s] = (1ULL << s);
+    for (Square s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; s++)
-      ClearMaskBB[s] = ~SetMaskBB[s];
+    {
+        SetMaskBB[s] = (1ULL << s);
+        ClearMaskBB[s] = ~SetMaskBB[s];
     }
-    for(Color c = WHITE; c <= BLACK; c++)
+
-      for(Square s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; s++) {
+    for (Color c = WHITE; c <= BLACK; c++)
-        PassedPawnMask[c][s] =
+        for (Square s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; s++)
-          in_front_bb(c, s) & this_and_neighboring_files_bb(s);
+        {
-        OutpostMask[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & neighboring_files_bb(s);
+            SquaresInFrontMask[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & file_bb(s);
-      }
+            PassedPawnMask[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & this_and_neighboring_files_bb(s);
+            AttackSpanMask[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & neighboring_files_bb(s);
+        }
+
+    for (Bitboard b = 0ULL; b < 256ULL; b++)
+        BitCount8Bit[b] = (uint8_t)count_1s(b);
   }
 
+  int remove_bit_8(int i) { return ((i & ~15) >> 1) | (i & 7); }
 
   void init_ray_bitboards() {
+
     int d[8] = {1, -1, 16, -16, 17, -17, 15, -15};
-    for(int i = 0; i < 128; i = (i + 9) & ~8) {
+
-      for(int j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < 128; i = (i + 9) & ~8)
-        RayBB[(i&7)|((i>>4)<<3)][j] = EmptyBoardBB;
+        for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++)
-        for(int k = i + d[j]; (k & 0x88) == 0; k += d[j])
+        {
-          set_bit(&(RayBB[(i&7)|((i>>4)<<3)][j]), Square((k&7)|((k>>4)<<3)));
+            RayBB[remove_bit_8(i)][j] = EmptyBoardBB;
-      }
+            for (int k = i + d[j]; (k & 0x88) == 0; k += d[j])
-    }
+                set_bit(&(RayBB[remove_bit_8(i)][j]), Square(remove_bit_8(k)));
+        }
   }
 
-
   void init_attacks() {
-    int i, j, k, l;
+
-    int step[16][8] =  {
+    const int step[16][8] =  {
       {0},
       {7,9,0}, {17,15,10,6,-6,-10,-15,-17}, {9,7,-7,-9,0}, {8,1,-1,-8,0},
       {9,7,-7,-9,8,1,-1,-8}, {9,7,-7,-9,8,1,-1,-8}, {0}, {0},
@@ -413,131 +429,116 @@ namespace {
       {9,7,-7,-9,8,1,-1,-8}, {9,7,-7,-9,8,1,-1,-8}
     };
 
-    for(i = 0; i < 64; i++) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < 64; i++)
-      for(j = 0; j <= int(BK); j++) {
+        for (int j = 0; j <= int(BK); j++)
-        StepAttackBB[j][i] = EmptyBoardBB;
+        {
-        for(k = 0; k < 8 && step[j][k] != 0; k++) {
+            StepAttackBB[j][i] = EmptyBoardBB;
-          l = i + step[j][k];
+            for (int k = 0; k < 8 && step[j][k] != 0; k++)
-          if(l >= 0 && l < 64 && abs((i&7) - (l&7)) < 3)
+            {
-            StepAttackBB[j][i] |= (1ULL << l);
+                int l = i + step[j][k];
+                if (l >= 0 && l < 64 && abs((i & 7) - (l & 7)) < 3)
+                    StepAttackBB[j][i] |= (1ULL << l);
+           }
         }
-      }
-    }
   }
 
-
   Bitboard sliding_attacks(int sq, Bitboard block, int dirs, int deltas[][2],
                            int fmin=0, int fmax=7, int rmin=0, int rmax=7) {
     Bitboard result = 0ULL;
-    int rk = sq / 8, fl = sq % 8, r, f, i;
+    int rk = sq / 8;
-    for(i = 0; i < dirs; i++) {
+    int fl = sq % 8;
-      int dx = deltas[i][0], dy = deltas[i][1];
+
-      for(f = fl+dx, r = rk+dy;
+    for (int i = 0; i < dirs; i++)
-          (dx==0 || (f>=fmin && f<=fmax)) && (dy==0 || (r>=rmin && r<=rmax));
+    {
-          f += dx, r += dy) {
+        int dx = deltas[i][0];
-        result |= (1ULL << (f + r*8));
+        int dy = deltas[i][1];
-        if(block & (1ULL << (f + r*8))) break;
+        int f = fl + dx;
-      }
+        int r = rk + dy;
+
+        while (   (dx == 0 || (f >= fmin && f <= fmax))
+               && (dy == 0 || (r >= rmin && r <= rmax)))
+        {
+            result |= (1ULL << (f + r*8));
+            if (block & (1ULL << (f + r*8)))
+                break;
+
+            f += dx;
+            r += dy;
+        }
     }
     return result;
   }
 
-
   void init_between_bitboards() {
-    SquareDelta step[8] = {
+
-      DELTA_E, DELTA_W, DELTA_N, DELTA_S, DELTA_NE, DELTA_SW, DELTA_NW, DELTA_SE
+    const SquareDelta step[8] = { DELTA_E, DELTA_W, DELTA_N, DELTA_S,
-    };
+                                  DELTA_NE, DELTA_SW, DELTA_NW, DELTA_SE };
-    SignedDirection d;
+
-    for(Square s1 = SQ_A1; s1 <= SQ_H8; s1++)
+    for (Square s1 = SQ_A1; s1 <= SQ_H8; s1++)
-      for(Square s2 = SQ_A1; s2 <= SQ_H8; s2++) {
+        for (Square s2 = SQ_A1; s2 <= SQ_H8; s2++)
-        BetweenBB[s1][s2] = EmptyBoardBB;
+        {
-        d = signed_direction_between_squares(s1, s2);
+            BetweenBB[s1][s2] = EmptyBoardBB;
-        if(d != SIGNED_DIR_NONE)
+            SignedDirection d = signed_direction_between_squares(s1, s2);
-          for(Square s3 = s1 + step[d]; s3 != s2; s3 += step[d])
+
-            set_bit(&(BetweenBB[s1][s2]), s3);
+            if (d != SIGNED_DIR_NONE)
+            {
+                for (Square s3 = s1 + step[d]; s3 != s2; s3 += step[d])
+                    set_bit(&(BetweenBB[s1][s2]), s3);
+            }
       }
   }
 
-
   Bitboard index_to_bitboard(int index, Bitboard mask) {
-    int i, j, bits = count_1s(mask);
+
     Bitboard result = 0ULL;
-    for(i = 0; i < bits; i++) {
+    int bits = count_1s(mask);
-      j = pop_1st_bit(&mask);
+
-      if(index & (1 << i)) result |= (1ULL << j);
+    for (int i = 0; i < bits; i++)
+    {
+        int j = pop_1st_bit(&mask);
+        if (index & (1 << i))
+            result |= (1ULL << j);
     }
     return result;
   }
 
+  void init_sliding_attacks(Bitboard attacks[], int attackIndex[], Bitboard mask[],
+                            const int shift[], const Bitboard mult[], int deltas[][2]) {
 
-  void init_sliding_attacks(Bitboard attacks[],
+    for (int i = 0, index = 0; i < 64; i++)
-                            int attackIndex[], Bitboard mask[],
+    {
-                            const int shift[2], const Bitboard mult[],
+        attackIndex[i] = index;
-                            int deltas[][2]) {
+        mask[i] = sliding_attacks(i, 0ULL, 4, deltas, 1, 6, 1, 6);
-    int i, j, k, index = 0;
-    Bitboard b;
-    for(i = 0; i < 64; i++) {
-      attackIndex[i] = index;
-      mask[i] = sliding_attacks(i, 0ULL, 4, deltas, 1, 6, 1, 6);
 
-#if defined(USE_32BIT_ATTACKS)
+#if defined(IS_64BIT)
-      j = (1 << (32 - shift[i]));
+        int j = (1 << (64 - shift[i]));
 #else
-      j = (1 << (64 - shift[i]));
+        int j = (1 << (32 - shift[i]));
 #endif
 
-      for(k = 0; k < j; k++) {
+        for (int k = 0; k < j; k++)
-
+        {
-#if defined(USE_32BIT_ATTACKS)
+#if defined(IS_64BIT)
-        b = index_to_bitboard(k, mask[i]);
+            Bitboard b = index_to_bitboard(k, mask[i]);
-        attacks[index +
+            attacks[index + ((b * mult[i]) >> shift[i])] = sliding_attacks(i, b, 4, deltas);
-                 (unsigned(int(b) * int(mult[i]) ^
-                           int(b >> 32) * int(mult[i] >> 32))
-                  >> shift[i])] =
-          sliding_attacks(i, b, 4, deltas);
 #else
-        b = index_to_bitboard(k, mask[i]);
+            Bitboard b = index_to_bitboard(k, mask[i]);
-        attacks[index + ((b * mult[i]) >> shift[i])] =
+            unsigned v = int(b) * int(mult[i]) ^ int(b >> 32) * int(mult[i] >> 32);
-          sliding_attacks(i, b, 4, deltas);
+            attacks[index + (v >> shift[i])] = sliding_attacks(i, b, 4, deltas);
 #endif
-      }
+        }
-      index += j;
+        index += j;
     }
   }
 
-
   void init_pseudo_attacks() {
-    Square s;
+
-    for(s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; s++) {
+    for (Square s = SQ_A1; s <= SQ_H8; s++)
-      BishopPseudoAttacks[s] = bishop_attacks_bb(s, EmptyBoardBB);
+    {
-      RookPseudoAttacks[s] = rook_attacks_bb(s, EmptyBoardBB);
+        BishopPseudoAttacks[s] = bishop_attacks_bb(s, EmptyBoardBB);
-      QueenPseudoAttacks[s] = queen_attacks_bb(s, EmptyBoardBB);
+        RookPseudoAttacks[s]   = rook_attacks_bb(s, EmptyBoardBB);
+        QueenPseudoAttacks[s]  = queen_attacks_bb(s, EmptyBoardBB);
     }
   }
 
-#if defined(USE_COMPACT_ROOK_ATTACKS)
-  void init_file_and_rank_attacks() {
-    int i, j, k, l, m, s;
-    Bitboard b1, b2;
-    for(i = 0; i < 64; i++) {
-
-      for(m = 0; m <= 1; m++) {
-        b1 = 0ULL;
-        for(j = 0; j < 6; j++) if(i & (1<<j)) b1 |= (1ULL << ((j+1)*(1+m*7)));
-        for(j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
-          b2 = 0ULL;
-          for(k = 0, s = 1; k < 2; k++, s *= -1) {
-            for(l = j+s; l >= 0 && l <= 7; l += s) {
-              b2 |= (m? RankBB[l] : FileBB[l]);
-              if(b1 & (1ULL << (l*(1+m*7)))) break;
-            }
-          }
-          if(m) FileAttacks[j][(b1*0xd6e8802041d0c441ULL) >> 58] = b2;
-          else RankAttacks[j][i] = b2;
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  }
-#endif // defined(USE_COMPACT_ROOK_ATTACKS)
-
 }

src/bitboard.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -22,43 +22,6 @@
 #if !defined(BITBOARD_H_INCLUDED)
 #define BITBOARD_H_INCLUDED
 
-
-////
-//// Defines
-////
-
-// Comment following define if you prefer manually adjust
-// platform macros defined below
-#define AUTO_CONFIGURATION
-
-// Quiet a warning on Intel compiler
-#if !defined(__SIZEOF_INT__ )
-#define __SIZEOF_INT__ 0
-#endif
-
-// Check for 64 bits for different compilers: Intel, MSVC and gcc
-#if defined(__x86_64) || defined(_WIN64) || (__SIZEOF_INT__ > 4)
-#define IS_64BIT
-#endif
-
-#if !defined(AUTO_CONFIGURATION) || defined(IS_64BIT)
-
-//#define USE_COMPACT_ROOK_ATTACKS
-//#define USE_32BIT_ATTACKS
-#define USE_FOLDED_BITSCAN
-
-#define BITCOUNT_SWAR_64
-//#define BITCOUNT_SWAR_32
-//#define BITCOUNT_LOOP
-
-#else
-
-#define USE_32BIT_ATTACKS
-#define USE_FOLDED_BITSCAN
-#define BITCOUNT_SWAR_32
-
-#endif
-
 ////
 //// Includes
 ////
@@ -69,13 +32,6 @@
 #include "types.h"
 
 
-////
-//// Types
-////
-
-typedef uint64_t Bitboard;
-
-
 ////
 //// Constants and variables
 ////
@@ -84,7 +40,6 @@ const Bitboard EmptyBoardBB = 0ULL;
 
 const Bitboard WhiteSquaresBB = 0x55AA55AA55AA55AAULL;
 const Bitboard BlackSquaresBB = 0xAA55AA55AA55AA55ULL;
-const Bitboard SquaresByColorBB[2] = { BlackSquaresBB, WhiteSquaresBB };
 
 const Bitboard FileABB = 0x0101010101010101ULL;
 const Bitboard FileBBB = 0x0202020202020202ULL;
@@ -95,22 +50,6 @@ const Bitboard FileFBB = 0x2020202020202020ULL;
 const Bitboard FileGBB = 0x4040404040404040ULL;
 const Bitboard FileHBB = 0x8080808080808080ULL;
 
-const Bitboard FileBB[8] = {
-  FileABB, FileBBB, FileCBB, FileDBB, FileEBB, FileFBB, FileGBB, FileHBB
-};
-
-const Bitboard NeighboringFilesBB[8] = {
-  FileBBB, FileABB|FileCBB, FileBBB|FileDBB, FileCBB|FileEBB,
-  FileDBB|FileFBB, FileEBB|FileGBB, FileFBB|FileHBB, FileGBB
-};
-
-const Bitboard ThisAndNeighboringFilesBB[8] = {
-  FileABB|FileBBB, FileABB|FileBBB|FileCBB,
-  FileBBB|FileCBB|FileDBB, FileCBB|FileDBB|FileEBB,
-  FileDBB|FileEBB|FileFBB, FileEBB|FileFBB|FileGBB,
-  FileFBB|FileGBB|FileHBB, FileGBB|FileHBB
-};
-
 const Bitboard Rank1BB = 0xFFULL;
 const Bitboard Rank2BB = 0xFF00ULL;
 const Bitboard Rank3BB = 0xFF0000ULL;
@@ -120,35 +59,13 @@ const Bitboard Rank6BB = 0xFF0000000000ULL;
 const Bitboard Rank7BB = 0xFF000000000000ULL;
 const Bitboard Rank8BB = 0xFF00000000000000ULL;
 
-const Bitboard RankBB[8] = {
+extern const Bitboard SquaresByColorBB[2];
-  Rank1BB, Rank2BB, Rank3BB, Rank4BB, Rank5BB, Rank6BB, Rank7BB, Rank8BB
+extern const Bitboard FileBB[8];
-};
+extern const Bitboard NeighboringFilesBB[8];
-
+extern const Bitboard ThisAndNeighboringFilesBB[8];
-const Bitboard RelativeRankBB[2][8] = {
+extern const Bitboard RankBB[8];
-  { Rank1BB, Rank2BB, Rank3BB, Rank4BB, Rank5BB, Rank6BB, Rank7BB, Rank8BB },
+extern const Bitboard RelativeRankBB[2][8];
-  { Rank8BB, Rank7BB, Rank6BB, Rank5BB, Rank4BB, Rank3BB, Rank2BB, Rank1BB }
+extern const Bitboard InFrontBB[2][8];
-};
-
-const Bitboard InFrontBB[2][8] = {
-  { Rank2BB | Rank3BB | Rank4BB | Rank5BB | Rank6BB | Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
-    Rank3BB | Rank4BB | Rank5BB | Rank6BB | Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
-    Rank4BB | Rank5BB | Rank6BB | Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
-    Rank5BB | Rank6BB | Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
-    Rank6BB | Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
-    Rank7BB | Rank8BB,
-    Rank8BB,
-    EmptyBoardBB
-  },
-  { EmptyBoardBB,
-    Rank1BB,
-    Rank2BB | Rank1BB,
-    Rank3BB | Rank2BB | Rank1BB,
-    Rank4BB | Rank3BB | Rank2BB | Rank1BB,
-    Rank5BB | Rank4BB | Rank3BB | Rank2BB | Rank1BB,
-    Rank6BB | Rank5BB | Rank4BB | Rank3BB | Rank2BB | Rank1BB,
-    Rank7BB | Rank6BB | Rank5BB | Rank4BB | Rank3BB | Rank2BB | Rank1BB
-  }
-};
 
 extern Bitboard SetMaskBB[65];
 extern Bitboard ClearMaskBB[65];
@@ -157,14 +74,9 @@ extern Bitboard StepAttackBB[16][64];
 extern Bitboard RayBB[64][8];
 extern Bitboard BetweenBB[64][64];
 
+extern Bitboard SquaresInFrontMask[2][64];
 extern Bitboard PassedPawnMask[2][64];
-extern Bitboard OutpostMask[2][64];
+extern Bitboard AttackSpanMask[2][64];
-
-#if defined(USE_COMPACT_ROOK_ATTACKS)
-
-extern Bitboard RankAttacks[8][64], FileAttacks[8][64];
-
-#else
 
 extern const uint64_t RMult[64];
 extern const int RShift[64];
@@ -172,8 +84,6 @@ extern Bitboard RMask[64];
 extern int RAttackIndex[64];
 extern Bitboard RAttacks[0x19000];
 
-#endif // defined(USE_COMPACT_ROOK_ATTACKS)
-
 extern const uint64_t BMult[64];
 extern const int BShift[64];
 extern Bitboard BMask[64];
@@ -184,6 +94,8 @@ extern Bitboard BishopPseudoAttacks[64];
 extern Bitboard RookPseudoAttacks[64];
 extern Bitboard QueenPseudoAttacks[64];
 
+extern uint8_t BitCount8Bit[256];
+
 
 ////
 //// Inline functions
@@ -205,9 +117,19 @@ inline void clear_bit(Bitboard *b, Square s) {
 }
 
 
-/// rank_bb() and file_bb() gives a bitboard containing all squares on a given
+/// Functions used to update a bitboard after a move. This is faster
-/// file or rank.  It is also possible to pass a square as input to these
+/// then calling a sequence of clear_bit() + set_bit()
-/// functions.
+
+inline Bitboard make_move_bb(Square from, Square to) {
+  return SetMaskBB[from] | SetMaskBB[to];
+}
+
+inline void do_move_bb(Bitboard *b, Bitboard move_bb) {
+  *b ^= move_bb;
+}
+
+/// rank_bb() and file_bb() take a file or a square as input, and return
+/// a bitboard representing all squares on the given file or rank.
 
 inline Bitboard rank_bb(Rank r) {
   return RankBB[r];
@@ -234,7 +156,7 @@ inline Bitboard neighboring_files_bb(File f) {
 }
 
 inline Bitboard neighboring_files_bb(Square s) {
-  return neighboring_files_bb(square_file(s));
+  return NeighboringFilesBB[square_file(s)];
 }
 
 
@@ -247,7 +169,7 @@ inline Bitboard this_and_neighboring_files_bb(File f) {
 }
 
 inline Bitboard this_and_neighboring_files_bb(Square s) {
-  return this_and_neighboring_files_bb(square_file(s));
+  return ThisAndNeighboringFilesBB[square_file(s)];
 }
 
 
@@ -273,7 +195,7 @@ inline Bitboard in_front_bb(Color c, Rank r) {
 }
 
 inline Bitboard in_front_bb(Color c, Square s) {
-  return in_front_bb(c, square_rank(s));
+  return InFrontBB[c][square_rank(s)];
 }
 
 
@@ -286,7 +208,7 @@ inline Bitboard behind_bb(Color c, Rank r) {
 }
 
 inline Bitboard behind_bb(Color c, Square s) {
-  return in_front_bb(opposite_color(c), square_rank(s));
+  return InFrontBB[opposite_color(c)][square_rank(s)];
 }
 
 
@@ -298,29 +220,24 @@ inline Bitboard ray_bb(Square s, SignedDirection d) {
 }
 
 
-/// Functions for computing sliding attack bitboards.  rook_attacks_bb(),
+/// Functions for computing sliding attack bitboards. rook_attacks_bb(),
 /// bishop_attacks_bb() and queen_attacks_bb() all take a square and a
 /// bitboard of occupied squares as input, and return a bitboard representing
 /// all squares attacked by a rook, bishop or queen on the given square.
 
-#if defined(USE_COMPACT_ROOK_ATTACKS)
+#if defined(IS_64BIT)
-
-inline Bitboard file_attacks_bb(Square s, Bitboard blockers) {
-  Bitboard b = (blockers >> square_file(s)) & 0x01010101010100ULL;
-  return
-    FileAttacks[square_rank(s)][(b*0xd6e8802041d0c441ULL)>>58] & file_bb(s);
-}
-
-inline Bitboard rank_attacks_bb(Square s, Bitboard blockers) {
-  Bitboard b = (blockers >> ((s & 56) + 1)) & 63;
-  return RankAttacks[square_file(s)][b] & rank_bb(s);
-}
 
 inline Bitboard rook_attacks_bb(Square s, Bitboard blockers) {
-  return file_attacks_bb(s, blockers) | rank_attacks_bb(s, blockers);
+  Bitboard b = blockers & RMask[s];
+  return RAttacks[RAttackIndex[s] + ((b * RMult[s]) >> RShift[s])];
 }
 
-#elif defined(USE_32BIT_ATTACKS)
+inline Bitboard bishop_attacks_bb(Square s, Bitboard blockers) {
+  Bitboard b = blockers & BMask[s];
+  return BAttacks[BAttackIndex[s] + ((b * BMult[s]) >> BShift[s])];
+}
+
+#else // if !defined(IS_64BIT)
 
 inline Bitboard rook_attacks_bb(Square s, Bitboard blockers) {
   Bitboard b = blockers & RMask[s];
@@ -330,17 +247,6 @@ inline Bitboard rook_attacks_bb(Square s, Bitboard blockers) {
                    >> RShift[s])];
 }
 
-#else
-
-inline Bitboard rook_attacks_bb(Square s, Bitboard blockers) {
-  Bitboard b = blockers & RMask[s];
-  return RAttacks[RAttackIndex[s] + ((b * RMult[s]) >> RShift[s])];
-}
-
-#endif
-
-#if defined(USE_32BIT_ATTACKS)
-
 inline Bitboard bishop_attacks_bb(Square s, Bitboard blockers) {
   Bitboard b = blockers & BMask[s];
   return BAttacks[BAttackIndex[s] +
@@ -349,14 +255,7 @@ inline Bitboard bishop_attacks_bb(Square s, Bitboard blockers) {
                    >> BShift[s])];
 }
 
-#else // defined(USE_32BIT_ATTACKS)
+#endif
-
-inline Bitboard bishop_attacks_bb(Square s, Bitboard blockers) {
-  Bitboard b = blockers & BMask[s];
-  return BAttacks[BAttackIndex[s] + ((b * BMult[s]) >> BShift[s])];
-}
-
-#endif // defined(USE_32BIT_ATTACKS)
 
 inline Bitboard queen_attacks_bb(Square s, Bitboard blockers) {
   return rook_attacks_bb(s, blockers) | bishop_attacks_bb(s, blockers);
@@ -375,12 +274,11 @@ inline Bitboard squares_between(Square s1, Square s2) {
 
 /// squares_in_front_of takes a color and a square as input, and returns a
 /// bitboard representing all squares along the line in front of the square,
-/// from the point of view of the given color.  For instance,
+/// from the point of view of the given color. Definition of the table is:
-/// squares_in_front_of(BLACK, SQ_E4) returns a bitboard with the squares
+/// SquaresInFrontOf[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & file_bb(s)
-/// e3, e2 and e1 set.
 
 inline Bitboard squares_in_front_of(Color c, Square s) {
-  return in_front_bb(c, s) & file_bb(s);
+  return SquaresInFrontMask[c][s];
 }
 
 
@@ -388,93 +286,54 @@ inline Bitboard squares_in_front_of(Color c, Square s) {
 /// behind the square instead of in front of the square.
 
 inline Bitboard squares_behind(Color c, Square s) {
-  return in_front_bb(opposite_color(c), s) & file_bb(s);
+  return SquaresInFrontMask[opposite_color(c)][s];
 }
 
 
 /// passed_pawn_mask takes a color and a square as input, and returns a
 /// bitboard mask which can be used to test if a pawn of the given color on
-/// the given square is a passed pawn.
+/// the given square is a passed pawn. Definition of the table is:
+/// PassedPawnMask[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & this_and_neighboring_files_bb(s)
 
 inline Bitboard passed_pawn_mask(Color c, Square s) {
   return PassedPawnMask[c][s];
 }
 
 
-/// outpost_mask takes a color and a square as input, and returns a bitboard
+/// attack_span_mask takes a color and a square as input, and returns a bitboard
-/// mask which can be used to test whether a piece on the square can possibly
+/// representing all squares that can be attacked by a pawn of the given color
-/// be driven away by an enemy pawn.
+/// when it moves along its file starting from the given square. Definition is:
+/// AttackSpanMask[c][s] = in_front_bb(c, s) & neighboring_files_bb(s);
 
-inline Bitboard outpost_mask(Color c, Square s) {
+inline Bitboard attack_span_mask(Color c, Square s) {
-  return OutpostMask[c][s];
+  return AttackSpanMask[c][s];
 }
 
 
-/// isolated_pawn_mask takes a square as input, and returns a bitboard mask
+/// first_1() finds the least significant nonzero bit in a nonzero bitboard.
-/// which can be used to test whether a pawn on the given square is isolated.
+/// pop_1st_bit() finds and clears the least significant nonzero bit in a
+/// nonzero bitboard.
 
-inline Bitboard isolated_pawn_mask(Square s) {
+#if defined(USE_BSFQ) // Assembly code by Heinz van Saanen
-  return neighboring_files_bb(s);
+
+inline Square first_1(Bitboard b) {
+  Bitboard dummy;
+  __asm__("bsfq %1, %0": "=r"(dummy): "rm"(b) );
+  return (Square)(dummy);
 }
 
-
+inline Square pop_1st_bit(Bitboard* b) {
-/// count_1s() counts the number of nonzero bits in a bitboard.
+  const Square s = first_1(*b);
-
+  *b &= ~(1ULL<<s);
-#if defined(BITCOUNT_LOOP)
+  return s;
-
-inline int count_1s(Bitboard b) {
-  int r;
-  for(r = 0; b; r++, b &= b - 1);
-  return r;
 }
 
-inline int count_1s_max_15(Bitboard b) {
+#else // if !defined(USE_BSFQ)
-  return count_1s(b);
-}
 
-#elif defined(BITCOUNT_SWAR_32)
+extern Square first_1(Bitboard b);
+extern Square pop_1st_bit(Bitboard* b);
 
-inline int count_1s(Bitboard b) {
+#endif
-  unsigned w = unsigned(b >> 32), v = unsigned(b);
-  v -= (v >> 1) & 0x55555555; // 0-2 in 2 bits
-  w -= (w >> 1) & 0x55555555;
-  v = ((v >> 2) & 0x33333333) + (v & 0x33333333); // 0-4 in 4 bits
-  w = ((w >> 2) & 0x33333333) + (w & 0x33333333);
-  v = ((v >> 4) + v) & 0x0F0F0F0F; // 0-8 in 8 bits
-  v += (((w >> 4) + w) & 0x0F0F0F0F);  // 0-16 in 8 bits
-  v *= 0x01010101; // mul is fast on amd procs
-  return int(v >> 24);
-}
-
-inline int count_1s_max_15(Bitboard b) {
-  unsigned w = unsigned(b >> 32), v = unsigned(b);
-  v -= (v >> 1) & 0x55555555; // 0-2 in 2 bits
-  w -= (w >> 1) & 0x55555555;
-  v = ((v >> 2) & 0x33333333) + (v & 0x33333333); // 0-4 in 4 bits
-  w = ((w >> 2) & 0x33333333) + (w & 0x33333333);
-  v += w; // 0-8 in 4 bits
-  v *= 0x11111111;
-  return int(v >> 28);
-}
-
-#elif defined(BITCOUNT_SWAR_64)
-
-inline int count_1s(Bitboard b) {
-  b -= ((b>>1) & 0x5555555555555555ULL);
-  b = ((b>>2) & 0x3333333333333333ULL) + (b & 0x3333333333333333ULL);
-  b = ((b>>4) + b) & 0x0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0FULL;
-  b *= 0x0101010101010101ULL;
-  return int(b >> 56);
-}
-
-inline int count_1s_max_15(Bitboard b) {
-  b -= (b>>1) & 0x5555555555555555ULL;
-  b = ((b>>2) & 0x3333333333333333ULL) + (b & 0x3333333333333333ULL);
-  b *= 0x1111111111111111ULL;
-  return int(b >> 60);
-}
-
-#endif // BITCOUNT
 
 
 ////
@@ -483,8 +342,6 @@ inline int count_1s_max_15(Bitboard b) {
 
 extern void print_bitboard(Bitboard b);
 extern void init_bitboards();
-extern Square first_1(Bitboard b);
-extern Square pop_1st_bit(Bitboard *b);
 
 
 #endif // !defined(BITBOARD_H_INCLUDED)

src/bitcount.h

@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+/*
+  Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
+  Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
+
+  Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+
+  Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+  GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+
+#if !defined(BITCOUNT_H_INCLUDED)
+#define BITCOUNT_H_INCLUDED
+
+#include "types.h"
+
+// Select type of intrinsic bit count instruction to use, see
+// README.txt on how to pgo compile with POPCNT support.
+#if !defined(USE_POPCNT)
+#define POPCNT_INTRINSIC(x) 0
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+#define POPCNT_INTRINSIC(x) (int)__popcnt64(x)
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
+
+#define POPCNT_INTRINSIC(x) ({ \
+   unsigned long __ret; \
+   __asm__("popcnt %1, %0" : "=r" (__ret) : "r" (x)); \
+   __ret; })
+
+#endif
+
+
+/// Software implementation of bit count functions
+
+#if defined(IS_64BIT)
+
+inline int count_1s(Bitboard b) {
+  b -= ((b>>1) & 0x5555555555555555ULL);
+  b = ((b>>2) & 0x3333333333333333ULL) + (b & 0x3333333333333333ULL);
+  b = ((b>>4) + b) & 0x0F0F0F0F0F0F0F0FULL;
+  b *= 0x0101010101010101ULL;
+  return int(b >> 56);
+}
+
+inline int count_1s_max_15(Bitboard b) {
+  b -= (b>>1) & 0x5555555555555555ULL;
+  b = ((b>>2) & 0x3333333333333333ULL) + (b & 0x3333333333333333ULL);
+  b *= 0x1111111111111111ULL;
+  return int(b >> 60);
+}
+
+#else // if !defined(IS_64BIT)
+
+inline int count_1s(Bitboard b) {
+  unsigned w = unsigned(b >> 32), v = unsigned(b);
+  v -= (v >> 1) & 0x55555555; // 0-2 in 2 bits
+  w -= (w >> 1) & 0x55555555;
+  v = ((v >> 2) & 0x33333333) + (v & 0x33333333); // 0-4 in 4 bits
+  w = ((w >> 2) & 0x33333333) + (w & 0x33333333);
+  v = ((v >> 4) + v) & 0x0F0F0F0F; // 0-8 in 8 bits
+  v += (((w >> 4) + w) & 0x0F0F0F0F);  // 0-16 in 8 bits
+  v *= 0x01010101; // mul is fast on amd procs
+  return int(v >> 24);
+}
+
+inline int count_1s_max_15(Bitboard b) {
+  unsigned w = unsigned(b >> 32), v = unsigned(b);
+  v -= (v >> 1) & 0x55555555; // 0-2 in 2 bits
+  w -= (w >> 1) & 0x55555555;
+  v = ((v >> 2) & 0x33333333) + (v & 0x33333333); // 0-4 in 4 bits
+  w = ((w >> 2) & 0x33333333) + (w & 0x33333333);
+  v += w; // 0-8 in 4 bits
+  v *= 0x11111111;
+  return int(v >> 28);
+}
+
+#endif // BITCOUNT
+
+
+/// count_1s() counts the number of nonzero bits in a bitboard.
+/// If template parameter is true an intrinsic is called, otherwise
+/// we fallback on a software implementation.
+
+template<bool UseIntrinsic>
+inline int count_1s(Bitboard b) {
+
+  return UseIntrinsic ? POPCNT_INTRINSIC(b) : count_1s(b);
+}
+
+template<bool UseIntrinsic>
+inline int count_1s_max_15(Bitboard b) {
+
+  return UseIntrinsic ? POPCNT_INTRINSIC(b) : count_1s_max_15(b);
+}
+
+
+// Detect hardware POPCNT support
+inline bool cpu_has_popcnt() {
+
+  int CPUInfo[4] = {-1};
+  __cpuid(CPUInfo, 0x00000001);
+  return (CPUInfo[2] >> 23) & 1;
+}
+
+
+// Global constant initialized at startup that is set to true if
+// CPU on which application runs supports POPCNT intrinsic. Unless
+// USE_POPCNT is not defined.
+#if defined(USE_POPCNT)
+const bool CpuHasPOPCNT = cpu_has_popcnt();
+#else
+const bool CpuHasPOPCNT = false;
+#endif
+
+
+// Global constant used to print info about the use of 64 optimized
+// functions to verify that a 64 bit compile has been correctly built.
+#if defined(IS_64BIT)
+const bool CpuHas64BitPath = true;
+#else
+const bool CpuHas64BitPath = false;
+#endif
+
+#endif // !defined(BITCOUNT_H_INCLUDED)

src/book.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 #include "mersenne.h"
 #include "movegen.h"
 
+using namespace std;
 
 ////
 //// Global variables
@@ -49,7 +50,11 @@ Book OpeningBook;
 
 namespace {
 
-  /// Random numbers from PolyGlot, used to compute book hash keys.
+  /// Book entry size in bytes
+  const int EntrySize = 16;
+
+
+  /// Random numbers from PolyGlot, used to compute book hash keys
 
   const uint64_t Random64[781] = {
     0x9D39247E33776D41ULL, 0x2AF7398005AAA5C7ULL, 0x44DB015024623547ULL,
@@ -318,30 +323,19 @@ namespace {
 
   /// Indices to the Random64[] array
 
-  const int RandomPiece = 0;
+  const int RandomPiece     = 0;
-  const int RandomCastle = 768;
+  const int RandomCastle    = 768;
   const int RandomEnPassant = 772;
-  const int RandomTurn = 780;
+  const int RandomTurn      = 780;
-
-
-  /// Convert pieces to the range 0..1
-
-  const int PieceTo12[] = {
-    0, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 0, 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11
-  };
 
 
   /// Prototypes
 
-  uint64_t book_key(const Position &pos);
+  uint64_t book_key(const Position& pos);
   uint64_t book_piece_key(Piece p, Square s);
-  uint64_t book_castle_key(const Position &pos);
+  uint64_t book_castle_key(const Position& pos);
-  uint64_t book_ep_key(const Position &pos);
+  uint64_t book_ep_key(const Position& pos);
-  uint64_t book_color_key(const Position &pos);
+  uint64_t book_color_key(const Position& pos);
-
-  uint16_t read_integer16(std::ifstream& file);
-  uint64_t read_integer64(std::ifstream& file);
-  uint64_t read_integer(std::ifstream& file, int size);
 }
 
 
@@ -350,99 +344,120 @@ namespace {
 ////
 
 
-/// Constructor
+/// Destructor. Be sure file is closed before we leave.
 
-Book::Book() : bookSize(0) {}
+Book::~Book() {
+
+  close();
+}
 
 
-/// Book::open() opens a book file with a given file name.
+/// Book::open() opens a book file with a given file name
 
-void Book::open(const std::string &fName) {
+void Book::open(const string& fName) {
+
+  // Close old file before opening the new
+  close();
 
   fileName = fName;
-  bookFile.open(fileName.c_str(), std::ifstream::in | std::ifstream::binary);
+  ifstream::open(fileName.c_str(), ifstream::in | ifstream::binary);
-  if (!bookFile.is_open())
+  if (!is_open())
       return;
 
-  bookFile.seekg(0, std::ios::end);
+  // Get the book size in number of entries
-  bookSize = bookFile.tellg() / 16;
+  seekg(0, ios::end);
-  bookFile.seekg(0, std::ios::beg);
+  bookSize = tellg() / EntrySize;
+  seekg(0, ios::beg);
 
-  if (!bookFile.good())
+  if (!good())
   {
-      std::cerr << "Failed to open book file " << fileName << std::endl;
+      cerr << "Failed to open book file " << fileName << endl;
-      exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+      Application::exit_with_failure();
   }
 }
 
 
-/// Book::close() closes the currently open book file.
+/// Book::close() closes the file only if it is open, otherwise
+/// we can end up in a little mess due to how std::ifstream works.
 
 void Book::close() {
 
-  if (bookFile.is_open())
+  if (is_open())
-      bookFile.close();
+      ifstream::close();
-}
-
-
-/// Book::is_open() tests whether a book file has been opened.
-
-bool Book::is_open() const {
-
-  return bookFile.is_open() && bookSize != 0;
 }
 
 
 /// Book::file_name() returns the file name of the currently active book,
 /// or the empty string if no book is open.
 
-const std::string Book::file_name() const {
+const string Book::file_name() { // Not const to compile on HP-UX 11.X
 
-  return bookFile.is_open() ? fileName : "";
+  return is_open() ? fileName : "";
 }
 
 
-/// Book::get_move() gets a book move for a given position.  Returns
+/// Book::get_move() gets a book move for a given position. Returns
 /// MOVE_NONE if no book move is found.
 
-Move Book::get_move(const Position &pos) const {
+Move Book::get_move(const Position& pos, bool findBestMove) {
-  if(this->is_open()) {
+
-    int bestMove = 0, bestScore = 0, move, score;
+  if (!is_open() || bookSize == 0)
-    uint64_t key = book_key(pos);
+      return MOVE_NONE;
-    BookEntry entry;
+
+  BookEntry entry;
+  int bookMove = MOVE_NONE;
+  int scoresSum = 0, bestScore = 0;
+  uint64_t key = book_key(pos);
+
+  // Choose a book move among the possible moves for the given position
+  for (int idx = find_key(key); idx < bookSize; idx++)
+  {
+      read_entry(entry, idx);
+      if (entry.key != key)
+          break;
+
+      int score = entry.count;
 
-    for(int i = this->find_key(key); i < bookSize; i++) {
-      this->read_entry(entry, i);
-      if(entry.key != key)
-        break;
-      move = entry.move;
-      score = entry.count;
       assert(score > 0);
 
-      bestScore += score;
+      // If findBestMove is true choose highest rated book move
-      if(int(genrand_int32() % bestScore) < score)
+      if (findBestMove)
-        bestMove = move;
+      {
-    }
+          if (score > bestScore)
+          {
+              bestScore = score;
+              bookMove = entry.move;
+          }
+          continue;
+      }
 
-    if(bestMove != 0) {
+      // Choose book move according to its score. If a move has a very
-      MoveStack moves[256];
+      // high score it has more probability to be choosen then a one with
-      int n, j;
+      // lower score. Note that first entry is always chosen.
-      n = generate_legal_moves(pos, moves);
+      scoresSum += score;
-      for(j = 0; j < n; j++)
+      if (int(genrand_int32() % scoresSum) < score)
-        if((int(moves[j].move) & 07777) == bestMove)
+          bookMove = entry.move;
-          return moves[j].move;
-    }
   }
+  if (!bookMove)
+      return MOVE_NONE;
+
+  MoveStack mlist[256];
+  MoveStack* last = generate_moves(pos, mlist);
+  for (MoveStack* cur = mlist; cur != last; cur++)
+      if ((int(cur->move) & 07777) == bookMove)
+          return cur->move;
+
   return MOVE_NONE;
 }
 
 
 /// Book::find_key() takes a book key as input, and does a binary search
-/// through the book file for the given key.  The index to the first book
+/// through the book file for the given key. The index to the first book
-/// entry with the same key as the input is returned.  When the key is not
+/// entry with the same key as the input is returned. When the key is not
 /// found in the book file, bookSize is returned.
 
-int Book::find_key(uint64_t key) const {
+int Book::find_key(uint64_t key) {
+
   int left, right, mid;
   BookEntry entry;
 
@@ -452,46 +467,59 @@ int Book::find_key(uint64_t key) const {
 
   assert(left <= right);
 
-  while(left < right) {
+  while (left < right)
-    mid = (left + right) / 2;
+  {
-    assert(mid >= left && mid < right);
+      mid = (left + right) / 2;
 
-    this->read_entry(entry, mid);
+      assert(mid >= left && mid < right);
 
-    if(key <= entry.key)
+      read_entry(entry, mid);
-      right = mid;
+      if (key <= entry.key)
-    else
+          right = mid;
-      left = mid + 1;
+      else
+          left = mid + 1;
   }
 
   assert(left == right);
 
-  this->read_entry(entry, left);
+  read_entry(entry, left);
-
   return (entry.key == key)? left : bookSize;
 }
 
 
 /// Book::read_entry() takes a BookEntry reference and an integer index as
 /// input, and looks up the opening book entry at the given index in the book
-/// file.  The book entry is copied to the first input parameter.
+/// file. The book entry is copied to the first input parameter.
 
-void Book::read_entry(BookEntry& entry, int n) const {
+void Book::read_entry(BookEntry& entry, int idx) {
 
-  assert(n >= 0 && n < bookSize);
+  assert(idx >= 0 && idx < bookSize);
-  assert(bookFile.is_open());
+  assert(is_open());
 
-  bookFile.seekg(n*16, std::ios_base::beg);
+  seekg(idx * EntrySize, ios_base::beg);
-  if (!bookFile.good())
+  *this >> entry;
+  if (!good())
   {
-    std::cerr << "Failed to read book entry at index " << n << std::endl;
+      cerr << "Failed to read book entry at index " << idx << endl;
-    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+      Application::exit_with_failure();
   }
-  entry.key = read_integer64(bookFile);
+}
-  entry.move = read_integer16(bookFile);
+
-  entry.count = read_integer16(bookFile);
+
-  entry.n = read_integer16(bookFile);
+/// Book::read_integer() reads size chars from the file stream
-  entry.sum = read_integer16(bookFile);
+/// and converts them in an integer number.
+
+uint64_t Book::read_integer(int size) {
+
+  char buf[8];
+  read(buf, size);
+
+  // Numbers are stored on disk as a binary byte stream
+  uint64_t n = 0ULL;
+  for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
+      n = (n << 8) + (unsigned char)buf[i];
+
+  return n;
 }
 
 
@@ -501,92 +529,67 @@ void Book::read_entry(BookEntry& entry, int n) const {
 
 namespace {
 
-  uint64_t book_key(const Position &pos) {
+  uint64_t book_key(const Position& pos) {
+
     uint64_t result = 0ULL;
 
-    for(Color c = WHITE; c <= BLACK; c++) {
+    for (Color c = WHITE; c <= BLACK; c++)
-      Bitboard b = pos.pieces_of_color(c);
+    {
-      Square s;
+        Bitboard b = pos.pieces_of_color(c);
-      Piece p;
-      while(b != EmptyBoardBB) {
-        s = pop_1st_bit(&b);
-        p = pos.piece_on(s);
-        assert(piece_is_ok(p));
-        assert(color_of_piece(p) == c);
 
-        result ^= book_piece_key(p, s);
+        while (b)
-      }
+        {
+            Square s = pop_1st_bit(&b);
+            Piece p = pos.piece_on(s);
+
+            assert(piece_is_ok(p));
+            assert(color_of_piece(p) == c);
+
+            result ^= book_piece_key(p, s);
+        }
     }
-
     result ^= book_castle_key(pos);
     result ^= book_ep_key(pos);
     result ^= book_color_key(pos);
-
     return result;
   }
 
 
   uint64_t book_piece_key(Piece p, Square s) {
-    return Random64[RandomPiece + (PieceTo12[int(p)]^1)*64 + int(s)];
+
+    /// Convert pieces to the range 0..11
+    static const int PieceTo12[] = { 0, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 0, 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 };
+
+    return Random64[RandomPiece + (PieceTo12[int(p)]^1) * 64 + int(s)];
   }
 
 
-  uint64_t book_castle_key(const Position &pos) {
+  uint64_t book_castle_key(const Position& pos) {
+
     uint64_t result = 0ULL;
 
-    if(pos.can_castle_kingside(WHITE))
+    if (pos.can_castle_kingside(WHITE))
-      result ^= Random64[RandomCastle+0];
+        result ^= Random64[RandomCastle+0];
-    if(pos.can_castle_queenside(WHITE))
+
-      result ^= Random64[RandomCastle+1];
+    if (pos.can_castle_queenside(WHITE))
-    if(pos.can_castle_kingside(BLACK))
+        result ^= Random64[RandomCastle+1];
-      result ^= Random64[RandomCastle+2];
+
-    if(pos.can_castle_queenside(BLACK))
+    if (pos.can_castle_kingside(BLACK))
-      result ^= Random64[RandomCastle+3];
+        result ^= Random64[RandomCastle+2];
+
+    if (pos.can_castle_queenside(BLACK))
+        result ^= Random64[RandomCastle+3];
+
     return result;
   }
 
 
-  uint64_t book_ep_key(const Position &pos) {
+  uint64_t book_ep_key(const Position& pos) {
-    return (pos.ep_square() == SQ_NONE)?
+    return (pos.ep_square() == SQ_NONE ? 0ULL : Random64[RandomEnPassant + square_file(pos.ep_square())]);
-      0ULL : Random64[RandomEnPassant + square_file(pos.ep_square())];
   }
 
 
-  uint64_t book_color_key(const Position &pos) {
+  uint64_t book_color_key(const Position& pos) {
-    return (pos.side_to_move() == WHITE)? Random64[RandomTurn] : 0ULL;
+    return (pos.side_to_move() == WHITE ? Random64[RandomTurn] : 0ULL);
-  }
-
-
-  uint16_t read_integer16(std::ifstream& file) {
-
-    uint64_t n = read_integer(file, 2);
-    assert(n == (uint16_t)n);
-    return (uint16_t)n;
-  }
-
-
-  uint64_t read_integer64(std::ifstream& file) {
-
-    return read_integer(file, 8);
-  }
-
-
-  uint64_t read_integer(std::ifstream& file, int size) {
-
-    char buf[8];
-    file.read(buf, size);
-
-    if (!file.good())
-    {
-        std::cerr << "Failed to read " << size << " bytes from book file"
-                  << std::endl;
-        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-    }
-    // Numbers are stored in little endian format
-    uint64_t n = 0ULL;
-    for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
-        n = (n << 8) + (unsigned char)buf[i];
-
-    return n;
   }
 }

src/book.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -52,31 +52,27 @@ struct BookEntry {
   uint16_t sum;
 };
 
-class Book {
+class Book : private std::ifstream {
-
+  Book(const Book&); // just decleared..
+  Book& operator=(const Book&); // ..to avoid a warning
 public:
-  // Constructors
+  Book() {}
-  Book();
+  ~Book();
-
+  void open(const std::string& fName);
-  // Open and close book files
-  void open(const std::string &fName);
   void close();
-
+  const std::string file_name();
-  // Testing if a book is opened
+  Move get_move(const Position& pos, bool findBestMove);
-  bool is_open() const;
-
-  // The file name of the currently active book
-  const std::string file_name() const;
-
-  // Get a book move for a given position
-  Move get_move(const Position &pos) const;
 
 private:
-  int find_key(uint64_t key) const;
+  Book& operator>>(uint64_t& n) { n = read_integer(8); return *this; }
-  void read_entry(BookEntry &entry, int n) const;
+  Book& operator>>(uint16_t& n) { n = (uint16_t)read_integer(2); return *this; }
+  void operator>>(BookEntry& e) { *this >> e.key >> e.move >> e.count >> e.n >> e.sum; }
+
+  uint64_t read_integer(int size);
+  void read_entry(BookEntry& e, int n);
+  int find_key(uint64_t key);
 
   std::string fileName;
-  mutable std::ifstream bookFile;
   int bookSize;
 };
 

src/color.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -37,7 +37,6 @@ enum Color {
 //// Inline functions
 ////
 
-inline Color operator+ (Color c, int i) { return Color(int(c) + i); }
 inline void operator++ (Color &c, int) { c = Color(int(c) + 1); }
 
 inline Color opposite_color(Color c) {

src/depth.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -27,7 +27,8 @@
 
 enum Depth {
   DEPTH_ZERO = 0,
-  DEPTH_MAX = 200  // 100 * OnePly;
+  DEPTH_MAX = 200, // 100 * OnePly;
+  DEPTH_ENSURE_SIGNED = -1
 };
 
 
@@ -35,9 +36,6 @@ enum Depth {
 //// Constants
 ////
 
-/// Note: If OnePly is changed, the constant HistoryMax in history.h should
-/// probably also be changed.
-
 const Depth OnePly = Depth(2);
 
 
@@ -51,7 +49,8 @@ inline void operator+= (Depth &d, int i) { d = Depth(int(d) + i); }
 inline void operator+= (Depth &d1, Depth d2) { d1 += int(d2); }
 inline Depth operator- (Depth d, int i) { return Depth(int(d) - i); }
 inline Depth operator- (Depth d1, Depth d2) { return Depth(int(d1) - int(d2)); }
-inline void operator-= (Depth & d, int i) { d = Depth(int(d) - i); }
+inline void operator-= (Depth &d, int i) { d = Depth(int(d) - i); }
+inline void operator-= (Depth &d1, Depth d2) { d1 -= int(d2); }
 inline Depth operator* (Depth d, int i) { return Depth(int(d) * i); }
 inline Depth operator* (int i, Depth d) { return Depth(int(d) * i); }
 inline void operator*= (Depth &d, int i) { d = Depth(int(d) * i); }

src/direction.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -26,6 +26,32 @@
 #include "square.h"
 
 
+////
+//// Local definitions
+////
+
+namespace {
+
+  const SquareDelta directionToDelta[] = {
+      DELTA_E, DELTA_W, DELTA_N, DELTA_S, DELTA_NE, DELTA_SW, DELTA_NW, DELTA_SE
+  };
+
+  bool reachable(Square orig, Square dest, SignedDirection dir) {
+
+    SquareDelta delta = directionToDelta[dir];
+    Square from = orig;
+    Square to = from + delta;
+    while (to != dest && square_distance(to, from) == 1 && square_is_ok(to))
+    {
+        from = to;
+        to += delta;
+    }
+    return (to == dest && square_distance(from, to) == 1);
+  }
+
+}
+
+
 ////
 //// Variables
 ////
@@ -39,25 +65,23 @@ uint8_t SignedDirectionTable[64][64];
 ////
 
 void init_direction_table() {
-  SquareDelta deltas[8] = {
+
-    DELTA_E, DELTA_W, DELTA_N, DELTA_S, DELTA_NE, DELTA_SW, DELTA_NW, DELTA_SE
+  for (Square s1 = SQ_A1; s1 <= SQ_H8; s1++)
-  };
+      for (Square s2 = SQ_A1; s2 <= SQ_H8; s2++)
-  for(Square s1 = SQ_A1; s1 <= SQ_H8; s1++)
+      {
-    for(Square s2 = SQ_A1; s2 <= SQ_H8; s2++) {
+          DirectionTable[s1][s2] = uint8_t(DIR_NONE);
-      DirectionTable[s1][s2] = uint8_t(DIR_NONE);
+          SignedDirectionTable[s1][s2] = uint8_t(SIGNED_DIR_NONE);
-      SignedDirectionTable[s1][s2] = uint8_t(SIGNED_DIR_NONE);
+          if (s1 == s2)
-      if(s1 == s2) continue;
+              continue;
-      for(SignedDirection d = SIGNED_DIR_E; d <= SIGNED_DIR_SE; d++) {
+
-        SquareDelta delta = deltas[d];
+          for (SignedDirection d = SIGNED_DIR_E; d != SIGNED_DIR_NONE; d++)
-        Square s3, s4;
+          {
-        for(s4 = s1 + delta, s3 = s1;
+              if (reachable(s1, s2, d))
-            square_distance(s4, s3) == 1 && s4 != s2 && square_is_ok(s4);
+              {
-            s3 = s4, s4 += delta);
+                  SignedDirectionTable[s1][s2] = uint8_t(d);
-        if(s4 == s2 && square_distance(s4, s3) == 1) {
+                  DirectionTable[s1][s2] = uint8_t(d / 2);
-          SignedDirectionTable[s1][s2] = uint8_t(d);
+                  break;
-          DirectionTable[s1][s2] = uint8_t(d/2);
+              }
-          break;
+          }
-        }
       }
-    }
 }

src/direction.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

src/endgame.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -25,44 +25,10 @@
 #include <cassert>
 
 #include "bitbase.h"
+#include "bitcount.h"
 #include "endgame.h"
 
 
-////
-//// Constants and variables
-////
-
-/// Evaluation functions
-
-// Generic "mate lone king" eval
-EvaluationFunction<KXK> EvaluateKXK(WHITE), EvaluateKKX(BLACK);
-
-// K and two minors vs K and one or two minors
-EvaluationFunction<KmmKm> EvaluateKmmKm(WHITE);
-
-EvaluationFunction<KBNK> EvaluateKBNK(WHITE), EvaluateKKBN(BLACK); // KBN vs K
-EvaluationFunction<KPK> EvaluateKPK(WHITE), EvaluateKKP(BLACK);    // KP vs K
-EvaluationFunction<KRKP> EvaluateKRKP(WHITE), EvaluateKPKR(BLACK); // KR vs KP
-EvaluationFunction<KRKB> EvaluateKRKB(WHITE), EvaluateKBKR(BLACK); // KR vs KB
-EvaluationFunction<KRKN> EvaluateKRKN(WHITE), EvaluateKNKR(BLACK); // KR vs KN
-EvaluationFunction<KQKR> EvaluateKQKR(WHITE), EvaluateKRKQ(BLACK); // KQ vs KR
-EvaluationFunction<KBBKN> EvaluateKBBKN(WHITE), EvaluateKNKBB(BLACK); // KBB vs KN
-
-
-/// Scaling functions
-
-ScalingFunction<KBPK> ScaleKBPK(WHITE), ScaleKKBP(BLACK);    // KBP vs K
-ScalingFunction<KQKRP> ScaleKQKRP(WHITE), ScaleKRPKQ(BLACK); // KQ vs KRP
-ScalingFunction<KRPKR> ScaleKRPKR(WHITE), ScaleKRKRP(BLACK); // KRP vs KR
-ScalingFunction<KRPPKRP> ScaleKRPPKRP(WHITE), ScaleKRPKRPP(BLACK); // KRPP vs KRP
-ScalingFunction<KPsK> ScaleKPsK(WHITE), ScaleKKPs(BLACK);    // King and pawns vs king
-ScalingFunction<KBPKB> ScaleKBPKB(WHITE), ScaleKBKBP(BLACK); // KBP vs KB
-ScalingFunction<KBPPKB> ScaleKBPPKB(WHITE), ScaleKBKBPP(BLACK); // KBPP vs KB
-ScalingFunction<KBPKN> ScaleKBPKN(WHITE), ScaleKNKBP(BLACK); // KBP vs KN
-ScalingFunction<KNPK> ScaleKNPK(WHITE), ScaleKKNP(BLACK);    // KNP vs K
-ScalingFunction<KPKP> ScaleKPKPw(WHITE), ScaleKPKPb(BLACK);  // KPKP
-
-
 ////
 //// Local definitions
 ////
@@ -138,7 +104,7 @@ namespace {
 /// attacking side a bonus for driving the defending king towards the edge
 /// of the board, and for keeping the distance between the two kings small.
 template<>
-Value EvaluationFunction<KXK>::apply(const Position& pos) {
+Value EvaluationFunction<KXK>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(weakerSide) == Value(0));
   assert(pos.piece_count(weakerSide, PAWN) == Value(0));
@@ -164,7 +130,7 @@ Value EvaluationFunction<KXK>::apply(const Position& pos) {
 /// Mate with KBN vs K. This is similar to KX vs K, but we have to drive the
 /// defending king towards a corner square of the right color.
 template<>
-Value EvaluationFunction<KBNK>::apply(const Position& pos) {
+Value EvaluationFunction<KBNK>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(weakerSide) == Value(0));
   assert(pos.piece_count(weakerSide, PAWN) == Value(0));
@@ -193,7 +159,7 @@ Value EvaluationFunction<KBNK>::apply(const Position& pos) {
 
 /// KP vs K. This endgame is evaluated with the help of a bitbase.
 template<>
-Value EvaluationFunction<KPK>::apply(const Position& pos) {
+Value EvaluationFunction<KPK>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == Value(0));
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(weakerSide) == Value(0));
@@ -241,7 +207,7 @@ Value EvaluationFunction<KPK>::apply(const Position& pos) {
 /// far advanced with support of the king, while the attacking king is far
 /// away.
 template<>
-Value EvaluationFunction<KRKP>::apply(const Position& pos) {
+Value EvaluationFunction<KRKP>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == RookValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, PAWN) == 0);
@@ -298,7 +264,7 @@ Value EvaluationFunction<KRKP>::apply(const Position& pos) {
 /// KR vs KB. This is very simple, and always returns drawish scores.  The
 /// score is slightly bigger when the defending king is close to the edge.
 template<>
-Value EvaluationFunction<KRKB>::apply(const Position& pos) {
+Value EvaluationFunction<KRKB>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == RookValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, PAWN) == 0);
@@ -314,7 +280,7 @@ Value EvaluationFunction<KRKB>::apply(const Position& pos) {
 /// KR vs KN.  The attacking side has slightly better winning chances than
 /// in KR vs KB, particularly if the king and the knight are far apart.
 template<>
-Value EvaluationFunction<KRKN>::apply(const Position& pos) {
+Value EvaluationFunction<KRKN>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == RookValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, PAWN) == 0);
@@ -338,7 +304,7 @@ Value EvaluationFunction<KRKN>::apply(const Position& pos) {
 /// for the defending side in the search, this is usually sufficient to be
 /// able to win KQ vs KR.
 template<>
-Value EvaluationFunction<KQKR>::apply(const Position& pos) {
+Value EvaluationFunction<KQKR>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == QueenValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, PAWN) == 0);
@@ -357,13 +323,13 @@ Value EvaluationFunction<KQKR>::apply(const Position& pos) {
 }
 
 template<>
-Value EvaluationFunction<KBBKN>::apply(const Position& pos) {
+Value EvaluationFunction<KBBKN>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, BISHOP) == 2);
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == 2*BishopValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(weakerSide, KNIGHT) == 1);
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(weakerSide) == KnightValueMidgame);
-  assert(pos.pawns() == EmptyBoardBB);
+  assert(pos.pieces(PAWN) == EmptyBoardBB);
 
   Value result = BishopValueEndgame;
   Square wksq = pos.king_square(strongerSide);
@@ -377,16 +343,23 @@ Value EvaluationFunction<KBBKN>::apply(const Position& pos) {
   result += Value(square_distance(bksq, nsq) * 32);
 
   // Bonus for restricting the knight's mobility
-  result += Value((8 - count_1s_max_15(pos.piece_attacks<KNIGHT>(nsq))) * 8);
+  result += Value((8 - count_1s_max_15(pos.attacks_from<KNIGHT>(nsq))) * 8);
 
   return (strongerSide == pos.side_to_move() ? result : -result);
 }
 
+
+/// K and two minors vs K and one or two minors or K and two knights against
+/// king alone are always draw.
 template<>
-Value EvaluationFunction<KmmKm>::apply(const Position&) {
+Value EvaluationFunction<KmmKm>::apply(const Position&) const {
   return Value(0);
 }
 
+template<>
+Value EvaluationFunction<KNNK>::apply(const Position&) const {
+  return Value(0);
+}
 
 /// KBPKScalingFunction scales endgames where the stronger side has king,
 /// bishop and one or more pawns. It checks for draws with rook pawns and a
@@ -394,7 +367,7 @@ Value EvaluationFunction<KmmKm>::apply(const Position&) {
 /// returned. If not, the return value is SCALE_FACTOR_NONE, i.e. no scaling
 /// will be used.
 template<>
-ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPK>::apply(const Position& pos) {
+ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPsK>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == BishopValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, BISHOP) == 1);
@@ -403,7 +376,7 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPK>::apply(const Position& pos) {
   // No assertions about the material of weakerSide, because we want draws to
   // be detected even when the weaker side has some pawns.
 
-  Bitboard pawns = pos.pawns(strongerSide);
+  Bitboard pawns = pos.pieces(PAWN, strongerSide);
   File pawnFile = square_file(pos.piece_list(strongerSide, PAWN, 0));
 
   // All pawns are on a single rook file ?
@@ -420,7 +393,6 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPK>::apply(const Position& pos) {
           // The bishop has the wrong color, and the defending king is on the
           // file of the pawn(s) or the neighboring file. Find the rank of the
           // frontmost pawn.
-
           Rank rank;
           if (strongerSide == WHITE)
           {
@@ -449,7 +421,7 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPK>::apply(const Position& pos) {
 /// It tests for fortress draws with a rook on the third rank defended by
 /// a pawn.
 template<>
-ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KQKRP>::apply(const Position& pos) {
+ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KQKRPs>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == QueenValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, QUEEN) == 1);
@@ -460,12 +432,12 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KQKRP>::apply(const Position& pos) {
   Square kingSq = pos.king_square(weakerSide);
   if (   relative_rank(weakerSide, kingSq) <= RANK_2
       && relative_rank(weakerSide, pos.king_square(strongerSide)) >= RANK_4
-      && (pos.rooks(weakerSide) & relative_rank_bb(weakerSide, RANK_3))
+      && (pos.pieces(ROOK, weakerSide) & relative_rank_bb(weakerSide, RANK_3))
-      && (pos.pawns(weakerSide) & relative_rank_bb(weakerSide, RANK_2))
+      && (pos.pieces(PAWN, weakerSide) & relative_rank_bb(weakerSide, RANK_2))
-      && (pos.piece_attacks<KING>(kingSq) & pos.pawns(weakerSide)))
+      && (pos.attacks_from<KING>(kingSq) & pos.pieces(PAWN, weakerSide)))
   {
       Square rsq = pos.piece_list(weakerSide, ROOK, 0);
-      if (pos.pawn_attacks(strongerSide, rsq) & pos.pawns(weakerSide))
+      if (pos.attacks_from<PAWN>(rsq, strongerSide) & pos.pieces(PAWN, weakerSide))
           return ScaleFactor(0);
   }
   return SCALE_FACTOR_NONE;
@@ -480,7 +452,7 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KQKRP>::apply(const Position& pos) {
 /// It would also be nice to rewrite the actual code for this function,
 /// which is mostly copied from Glaurung 1.x, and not very pretty.
 template<>
-ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KRPKR>::apply(const Position &pos) {
+ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KRPKR>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == RookValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, PAWN) == 1);
@@ -598,7 +570,7 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KRPKR>::apply(const Position &pos) {
 /// single pattern: If the stronger side has no pawns and the defending king
 /// is actively placed, the position is drawish.
 template<>
-ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KRPPKRP>::apply(const Position &pos) {
+ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KRPPKRP>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == RookValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, PAWN) == 2);
@@ -637,14 +609,14 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KRPPKRP>::apply(const Position &pos) {
 /// against king. There is just a single rule here: If all pawns are on
 /// the same rook file and are blocked by the defending king, it's a draw.
 template<>
-ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KPsK>::apply(const Position &pos) {
+ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KPsK>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == Value(0));
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, PAWN) >= 2);
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(weakerSide) == Value(0));
   assert(pos.piece_count(weakerSide, PAWN) == 0);
 
-  Bitboard pawns = pos.pawns(strongerSide);
+  Bitboard pawns = pos.pieces(PAWN, strongerSide);
 
   // Are all pawns on the 'a' file?
   if ((pawns & ~FileABB) == EmptyBoardBB)
@@ -683,7 +655,7 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KPsK>::apply(const Position &pos) {
 /// it's a draw. If the two bishops have opposite color, it's almost always
 /// a draw.
 template<>
-ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPKB>::apply(const Position &pos) {
+ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPKB>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == BishopValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, BISHOP) == 1);
@@ -722,9 +694,9 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPKB>::apply(const Position &pos) {
       else
       {
           Bitboard ray = ray_bb(pawnSq, (strongerSide == WHITE)? SIGNED_DIR_N : SIGNED_DIR_S);
-          if (ray & pos.kings(weakerSide))
+          if (ray & pos.pieces(KING, weakerSide))
               return ScaleFactor(0);
-          if(  (pos.piece_attacks<BISHOP>(weakerBishopSq) & ray)
+          if(  (pos.attacks_from<BISHOP>(weakerBishopSq) & ray)
              && square_distance(weakerBishopSq, pawnSq) >= 3)
               return ScaleFactor(0);
       }
@@ -736,7 +708,7 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPKB>::apply(const Position &pos) {
 /// KBPPKBScalingFunction scales KBPP vs KB endgames. It detects a few basic
 /// draws with opposite-colored bishops.
 template<>
-ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPPKB>::apply(const Position& pos) {
+ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPPKB>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == BishopValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, BISHOP) == 1);
@@ -789,13 +761,13 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPPKB>::apply(const Position& pos) {
     if (   ksq == blockSq1
         && square_color(ksq) != square_color(wbsq)
         && (   bbsq == blockSq2
-            || (pos.piece_attacks<BISHOP>(blockSq2) & pos.bishops(weakerSide))
+            || (pos.attacks_from<BISHOP>(blockSq2) & pos.pieces(BISHOP, weakerSide))
             || rank_distance(r1, r2) >= 2))
         return ScaleFactor(0);
     else if (   ksq == blockSq2
              && square_color(ksq) != square_color(wbsq)
              && (   bbsq == blockSq1
-                 || (pos.piece_attacks<BISHOP>(blockSq1) & pos.bishops(weakerSide))))
+                 || (pos.attacks_from<BISHOP>(blockSq1) & pos.pieces(BISHOP, weakerSide))))
         return ScaleFactor(0);
     else
         return SCALE_FACTOR_NONE;
@@ -812,7 +784,7 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPPKB>::apply(const Position& pos) {
 /// square of the king is not of the same color as the stronger side's bishop,
 /// it's a draw.
 template<>
-ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPKN>::apply(const Position &pos) {
+ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPKN>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == BishopValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, BISHOP) == 1);
@@ -839,7 +811,7 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KBPKN>::apply(const Position &pos) {
 /// If the pawn is a rook pawn on the 7th rank and the defending king prevents
 /// the pawn from advancing, the position is drawn.
 template<>
-ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KNPK>::apply(const Position &pos) {
+ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KNPK>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == KnightValueMidgame);
   assert(pos.piece_count(strongerSide, KNIGHT) == 1);
@@ -869,7 +841,7 @@ ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KNPK>::apply(const Position &pos) {
 /// advanced and not on a rook file; in this case it is often possible to win
 /// (e.g. 8/4k3/3p4/3P4/6K1/8/8/8 w - - 0 1).
 template<>
-ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KPKP>::apply(const Position &pos) {
+ScaleFactor ScalingFunction<KPKP>::apply(const Position& pos) const {
 
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(strongerSide) == Value(0));
   assert(pos.non_pawn_material(weakerSide) == Value(0));

src/endgame.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -45,11 +45,12 @@ enum EndgameType {
     KRKN,  // KR vs KN
     KQKR,  // KQ vs KR
     KBBKN, // KBB vs KN
+    KNNK,  // KNN vs K
     KmmKm, // K and two minors vs K and one or two minors
 
     // Scaling functions
-    KBPK,    // KBP vs K
+    KBPsK,   // KB+pawns vs K
-    KQKRP,   // KQ vs KRP
+    KQKRPs,  // KQ vs KR+pawns
     KRPKR,   // KRP vs KR
     KRPPKRP, // KRPP vs KRP
     KPsK,    // King and pawns vs king
@@ -65,9 +66,10 @@ enum EndgameType {
 template<typename T>
 class EndgameFunctionBase {
 public:
-  EndgameFunctionBase(Color c) : strongerSide(c) { weakerSide = opposite_color(strongerSide); }
+  EndgameFunctionBase(Color c) : strongerSide(c), weakerSide(opposite_color(c)) {}
   virtual ~EndgameFunctionBase() {}
-  virtual T apply(const Position&) = 0;
+  virtual T apply(const Position&) const = 0;
+  Color color() const { return strongerSide; }
 
 protected:
   Color strongerSide, weakerSide;
@@ -81,42 +83,19 @@ typedef EndgameFunctionBase<ScaleFactor> EndgameScalingFunctionBase;
 
 template<EndgameType>
 struct EvaluationFunction : public EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase {
+  typedef EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase Base;
   explicit EvaluationFunction(Color c): EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase(c) {}
-  Value apply(const Position&);
+  Value apply(const Position&) const;
 };
 
 template<EndgameType>
 struct ScalingFunction : public EndgameScalingFunctionBase {
+  typedef EndgameScalingFunctionBase Base;
   explicit ScalingFunction(Color c) : EndgameScalingFunctionBase(c) {}
-  ScaleFactor apply(const Position&);
+  ScaleFactor apply(const Position&) const;
 };
 
 
-////
-//// Constants and variables
-////
-
-extern EvaluationFunction<KXK> EvaluateKXK, EvaluateKKX;       // Generic "mate lone king" eval
-extern EvaluationFunction<KBNK> EvaluateKBNK, EvaluateKKBN;    // KBN vs K
-extern EvaluationFunction<KPK> EvaluateKPK, EvaluateKKP;       // KP vs K
-extern EvaluationFunction<KRKP> EvaluateKRKP, EvaluateKPKR;    // KR vs KP
-extern EvaluationFunction<KRKB> EvaluateKRKB, EvaluateKBKR;    // KR vs KB
-extern EvaluationFunction<KRKN> EvaluateKRKN, EvaluateKNKR;    // KR vs KN
-extern EvaluationFunction<KQKR> EvaluateKQKR, EvaluateKRKQ;    // KQ vs KR
-extern EvaluationFunction<KBBKN> EvaluateKBBKN, EvaluateKNKBB; // KBB vs KN
-extern EvaluationFunction<KmmKm> EvaluateKmmKm; // K and two minors vs K and one or two minors:
-
-extern ScalingFunction<KBPK> ScaleKBPK, ScaleKKBP;    // KBP vs K
-extern ScalingFunction<KQKRP> ScaleKQKRP, ScaleKRPKQ; // KQ vs KRP
-extern ScalingFunction<KRPKR> ScaleKRPKR, ScaleKRKRP; // KRP vs KR
-extern ScalingFunction<KRPPKRP> ScaleKRPPKRP, ScaleKRPKRPP; // KRPP vs KRP
-extern ScalingFunction<KPsK> ScaleKPsK, ScaleKKPs;    // King and pawns vs king
-extern ScalingFunction<KBPKB> ScaleKBPKB, ScaleKBKBP; // KBP vs KB
-extern ScalingFunction<KBPPKB> ScaleKBPPKB, ScaleKBKBPP; // KBPP vs KB
-extern ScalingFunction<KBPKN> ScaleKBPKN, ScaleKNKBP; // KBP vs KN
-extern ScalingFunction<KNPK> ScaleKNPK, ScaleKKNP;    // KNP vs K
-extern ScalingFunction<KPKP> ScaleKPKPw, ScaleKPKPb;  // KP vs KP
-
 ////
 //// Prototypes
 ////

src/evaluate.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@
 //// Includes
 ////
 
+#include <iostream>
+
 #include "material.h"
 #include "pawns.h"
 
@@ -39,30 +41,32 @@
 /// arguments to the evaluation function, and the search can make use of its
 /// contents to make intelligent search decisions.
 ///
-/// At the moment, this is not utilized very much:  The only part of the
+/// At the moment, this is not utilized very much: The only part of the
 /// EvalInfo object which is used by the search is futilityMargin.
 class Position;
 
 struct EvalInfo {
 
+  EvalInfo() { kingDanger[0] = kingDanger[1] = Value(0); }
+
   // Middle game and endgame evaluations
-  Value mgValue, egValue;
+  Score value;
 
   // Pointers to material and pawn hash table entries
   MaterialInfo* mi;
   PawnInfo* pi;
 
   // attackedBy[color][piece type] is a bitboard representing all squares
-  // attacked by a given color and piece type.  attackedBy[color][0] contains
+  // attacked by a given color and piece type, attackedBy[color][0] contains
   // all squares attacked by the given color.
   Bitboard attackedBy[2][8];
   Bitboard attacked_by(Color c) const { return attackedBy[c][0]; }
   Bitboard attacked_by(Color c, PieceType pt) const { return attackedBy[c][pt]; }
 
   // kingZone[color] is the zone around the enemy king which is considered
-  // by the king safety evaluation.  This consists of the squares directly
+  // by the king safety evaluation. This consists of the squares directly
   // adjacent to the king, and the three (or two, for a king on an edge file)
-  // squares two ranks in front of the king.  For instance, if black's king
+  // squares two ranks in front of the king. For instance, if black's king
   // is on g8, kingZone[WHITE] is a bitboard containing the squares f8, h8,
   // f7, g7, h7, f6, g6 and h6.
   Bitboard kingZone[2];
@@ -85,15 +89,11 @@ struct EvalInfo {
   // 2 to kingAdjacentZoneAttacksCount[BLACK].
   int kingAdjacentZoneAttacksCount[2];
 
-  // mateThreat[color] is a move for the given side which gives a direct mate.
+  // Middle game and endgame mobility scores
-  Move mateThreat[2];
+  Score mobility;
 
-  // Middle game and endgame mobility scores.
+  // Value of the danger for the king of the given color
-  Value mgMobility, egMobility;
+  Value kingDanger[2];
-
-  // Extra futility margin.  This is added to the standard futility margin
-  // in the quiescence search.
-  Value futilityMargin;
 };
 
 
@@ -101,8 +101,7 @@ struct EvalInfo {
 //// Prototypes
 ////
 
-extern Value evaluate(const Position& pos, EvalInfo& ei, int threadID);
+extern Value evaluate(const Position& pos, EvalInfo& ei);
-extern Value quick_evaluate(const Position& pos);
 extern void init_eval(int threads);
 extern void quit_eval();
 extern void read_weights(Color sideToMove);

src/history.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -32,71 +32,84 @@
 //// Functions
 ////
 
+
 /// Constructor
 
-History::History() {
+History::History() { clear(); }
-  this->clear();
-}
 
 
-/// History::clear() clears the history tables.
+/// History::clear() clears the history tables
 
 void History::clear() {
   memset(history, 0, 2 * 8 * 64 * sizeof(int));
-  memset(successCount, 0, 2 * 8 * 64 * sizeof(int));
+  memset(maxStaticValueDelta, 0, 2 * 8 * 64 * sizeof(int));
-  memset(failureCount, 0, 2 * 8 * 64 * sizeof(int));
 }
 
 
-/// History::success() registers a move as being successful.  This is done
+/// History::success() registers a move as being successful. This is done
 /// whenever a non-capturing move causes a beta cutoff in the main search.
-/// The three parameters are the moving piece, the move itself, and the
+/// The three parameters are the moving piece, the destination square, and
-/// search depth.
+/// the search depth.
+
+void History::success(Piece p, Square to, Depth d) {
 
-void History::success(Piece p, Move m, Depth d) {
   assert(piece_is_ok(p));
-  assert(move_is_ok(m));
+  assert(square_is_ok(to));
 
-  history[p][move_to(m)] += int(d) * int(d);
+  history[p][to] += int(d) * int(d);
-  successCount[p][move_to(m)]++;
 
-  // Prevent history overflow:
+  // Prevent history overflow
-  if(history[p][move_to(m)] >= HistoryMax)
+  if (history[p][to] >= HistoryMax)
-    for(int i = 0; i < 16; i++)
+      for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++)
-      for(int j = 0; j < 64; j++)
+          for (int j = 0; j < 64; j++)
-        history[i][j] /= 2;
+              history[i][j] /= 2;
 }
 
 
-/// History::failure() registers a move as being unsuccessful.  The function is
+/// History::failure() registers a move as being unsuccessful. The function is
 /// called for each non-capturing move which failed to produce a beta cutoff
 /// at a node where a beta cutoff was finally found.
 
-void History::failure(Piece p, Move m) {
+void History::failure(Piece p, Square to, Depth d) {
-  assert(piece_is_ok(p));
-  assert(move_is_ok(m));
 
-  failureCount[p][move_to(m)]++;
+  assert(piece_is_ok(p));
+  assert(square_is_ok(to));
+
+  history[p][to] -= int(d) * int(d);
+
+  // Prevent history underflow
+  if (history[p][to] <= -HistoryMax)
+      for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++)
+          for (int j = 0; j < 64; j++)
+              history[i][j] /= 2;
 }
 
 
 /// History::move_ordering_score() returns an integer value used to order the
 /// non-capturing moves in the MovePicker class.
 
-int History::move_ordering_score(Piece p, Move m) const {
+int History::move_ordering_score(Piece p, Square to) const {
-  assert(piece_is_ok(p));
-  assert(move_is_ok(m));
 
-  return history[p][move_to(m)];
+  assert(piece_is_ok(p));
+  assert(square_is_ok(to));
+
+  return history[p][to];
 }
 
 
-/// History::ok_to_prune() decides whether a move has been sufficiently
+/// History::set_gain() and History::gain() store and retrieve the
-/// unsuccessful that it makes sense to prune it entirely.
+/// gain of a move given the delta of the static position evaluations
+/// before and after the move.
 
-bool History::ok_to_prune(Piece p, Move m, Depth d) const {
+void History::set_gain(Piece p, Square to, Value delta)
-  assert(piece_is_ok(p));
+{
-  assert(move_is_ok(m));
+  if (delta >= maxStaticValueDelta[p][to])
-
+      maxStaticValueDelta[p][to] = delta;
-  return (int(d) * successCount[p][move_to(m)] < failureCount[p][move_to(m)]);
+  else
+      maxStaticValueDelta[p][to]--;
+}
+
+Value History::gain(Piece p, Square to) const
+{
+  return Value(maxStaticValueDelta[p][to]);
 }

src/history.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -28,30 +28,34 @@
 #include "depth.h"
 #include "move.h"
 #include "piece.h"
+#include "value.h"
 
 
 ////
 //// Types
 ////
 
-/// The History class stores statistics about how often different moves have
+/// The History class stores statistics about how often different moves
-/// been successful or unsuccessful during the current search.  These
+/// have been successful or unsuccessful during the current search. These
-/// statistics are used for reduction and move ordering decisions.
+/// statistics are used for reduction and move ordering decisions. History
+/// entries are stored according only to moving piece and destination square,
+/// in particular two moves with different origin but same destination and
+/// same piece will be considered identical.
 
 class History {
 
 public:
   History();
   void clear();
-  void success(Piece p, Move m, Depth d);
+  void success(Piece p, Square to, Depth d);
-  void failure(Piece p, Move m);
+  void failure(Piece p, Square to, Depth d);
-  int move_ordering_score(Piece p, Move m) const;
+  int move_ordering_score(Piece p, Square to) const;
-  bool ok_to_prune(Piece p, Move m, Depth d) const;
+  void set_gain(Piece p, Square to, Value delta);
+  Value gain(Piece p, Square to) const;
 
 private:
   int history[16][64];  // [piece][square]
-  int successCount[16][64];
+  int maxStaticValueDelta[16][64];  // [piece][from_square][to_square]
-  int failureCount[16][64];
 };
 
 
@@ -61,17 +65,13 @@ private:
 
 /// HistoryMax controls how often the history counters will be scaled down:
 /// When the history score for a move gets bigger than HistoryMax, all
-/// entries in the table are divided by 2.  It is difficult to guess what
+/// entries in the table are divided by 2. It is difficult to guess what
-/// the ideal value of this constant is.  Scaling down the scores often has
+/// the ideal value of this constant is. Scaling down the scores often has
 /// the effect that parts of the search tree which have been searched
 /// recently have a bigger importance for move ordering than the moves which
 /// have been searched a long time ago.
-///
-/// Note that HistoryMax should probably be changed whenever the constant
-/// OnePly in depth.h is changed.  This is somewhat annoying.  Perhaps it
-/// would be better to scale down the history table at regular intervals?
 
-const int HistoryMax = 50000;
+const int HistoryMax = 50000 * OnePly;
 
 
 #endif // !defined(HISTORY_H_INCLUDED)

src/lock.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 
 
 // x86 assembly language locks or OS spin locks may perform faster than
-// mutex locks on some platforms.  On my machine, mutexes seem to be the
+// mutex locks on some platforms. On my machine, mutexes seem to be the
 // best.
 
 //#define ASM_LOCK
@@ -86,8 +86,9 @@ typedef pthread_mutex_t Lock;
 
 #else
 
-
+#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
 #include <windows.h>
+#undef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
 
 typedef CRITICAL_SECTION Lock;
 #  define lock_init(x, y) InitializeCriticalSection(x)
@@ -98,5 +99,4 @@ typedef CRITICAL_SECTION Lock;
 
 #endif
 
-
 #endif // !defined(LOCK_H_INCLUDED)

src/main.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -17,29 +17,28 @@
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 
+// To profile with callgrind uncomment following line
+//#define USE_CALLGRIND
+
 
 ////
 //// Includes
 ////
 
 #include <iostream>
+#include <string>
 
 #include "benchmark.h"
-#include "bitboard.h"
+#include "bitcount.h"
-#include "direction.h"
-#include "endgame.h"
-#include "evaluate.h"
-#include "material.h"
-#include "mersenne.h"
 #include "misc.h"
-#include "movepick.h"
-#include "position.h"
-#include "search.h"
-#include "thread.h"
 #include "uci.h"
-#include "ucioption.h"
 
-using std::string;
+#ifdef USE_CALLGRIND
+#include <valgrind/callgrind.h>
+#endif
+
+using namespace std;
+
 
 ////
 //// Functions
@@ -48,50 +47,45 @@ using std::string;
 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 
   // Disable IO buffering
-  std::cout.rdbuf()->pubsetbuf(NULL, 0);
+  cout.rdbuf()->pubsetbuf(NULL, 0);
-  std::cin.rdbuf()->pubsetbuf(NULL, 0);
+  cin.rdbuf()->pubsetbuf(NULL, 0);
 
-  // Initialization
+  // Initialization through global resources manager
-  init_mersenne();
+  Application::initialize();
-  init_direction_table();
-  init_bitboards();
-  init_uci_options();
-  Position::init_zobrist();
-  Position::init_piece_square_tables();
-  MovePicker::init_phase_table();
-  init_eval(1);
-  init_bitbases();
-  init_threads();
 
-  // Make random number generation less deterministic, for book moves
+#ifdef USE_CALLGRIND
-  for (int i = abs(get_system_time() % 10000); i > 0; i--)
+  CALLGRIND_START_INSTRUMENTATION;
-      genrand_int32();
+#endif
 
-  // Process command line arguments
+  if (argc <= 1)
-  if (argc >= 2 && string(argv[1]) == "bench")
   {
-      if (argc < 4 || argc > 7)
+      // Print copyright notice
+      cout << engine_name()
+           << " by Tord Romstad, Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski" << endl;
+
+      if (CpuHasPOPCNT)
+          cout << "Good! CPU has hardware POPCNT." << endl;
+
+      // Enter UCI mode
+      uci_main_loop();
+  }
+  else // Process command line arguments
+  {
+      if (string(argv[1]) != "bench" || argc < 4 || argc > 8)
+          cout << "Usage: stockfish bench <hash size> <threads> "
+               << "[time = 60s] [fen positions file = default] "
+               << "[time, depth, perft or node limited = time] "
+               << "[timing file name = none]" << endl;
+      else
       {
-        std::cout << "Usage: stockfish bench <hash size> <threads> "
+          string time = argc > 4 ? argv[4] : "60";
-                  << "[time = 60s] [fen positions file = default] "
+          string fen  = argc > 5 ? argv[5] : "default";
-                  << "[time, depth or node limited = time]"
+          string lim  = argc > 6 ? argv[6] : "time";
-                  << std::endl;
+          string tim  = argc > 7 ? argv[7] : "";
-        exit(0);
+          benchmark(string(argv[2]) + " " + string(argv[3]) + " " + time + " " + fen + " " + lim + " " + tim);
       }
-      string time = argc > 4 ? argv[4] : "60";
-      string fen = argc > 5 ? argv[5] : "default";
-      string lim = argc > 6 ? argv[6] : "time";
-      benchmark(string(argv[2]) + " " + string(argv[3]) + " " + time + " " + fen + " " + lim);
-      return 0;
   }
 
-  // Print copyright notice
+  Application::free_resources();
-  std::cout << engine_name() << ".  Copyright (C) "
-            << "2004-2008 Tord Romstad, Marco Costalba. "
-            << std::endl;
-
-  // Enter UCI mode
-  uci_main_loop();
-
   return 0;
 }

src/material.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -23,12 +23,13 @@
 ////
 
 #include <cassert>
-#include <cstring>
 #include <sstream>
 #include <map>
 
 #include "material.h"
 
+using namespace std;
+
 
 ////
 //// Local definitions
@@ -36,84 +37,142 @@
 
 namespace {
 
-  const Value BishopPairMidgameBonus = Value(109);
+  // Values modified by Joona Kiiski
-  const Value BishopPairEndgameBonus = Value(97);
+  const Value MidgameLimit = Value(15581);
+  const Value EndgameLimit = Value(3998);
 
-  Key KNNKMaterialKey, KKNNMaterialKey;
+  // Polynomial material balance parameters
+  const Value RedundantQueenPenalty = Value(320);
+  const Value RedundantRookPenalty  = Value(554);
 
+  const int LinearCoefficients[6] = { 1617, -162, -1172, -190, 105, 26 };
+
+  const int QuadraticCoefficientsSameColor[][6] = {
+  { 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7 }, { 39, 2, 7, 7, 7, 7 }, { 35, 271, -4, 7, 7, 7 },
+  { 7, 25, 4, 7, 7, 7 }, { -27, -2, 46, 100, 56, 7 }, { 58, 29, 83, 148, -3, -25 } };
+
+  const int QuadraticCoefficientsOppositeColor[][6] = {
+  { 41, 41, 41, 41, 41, 41 }, { 37, 41, 41, 41, 41, 41 }, { 10, 62, 41, 41, 41, 41 },
+  { 57, 64, 39, 41, 41, 41 }, { 50, 40, 23, -22, 41, 41 }, { 106, 101, 3, 151, 171, 41 } };
+
+  typedef EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase EF;
+  typedef EndgameScalingFunctionBase SF;
+
+  // Endgame evaluation and scaling functions accessed direcly and not through
+  // the function maps because correspond to more then one material hash key.
+  EvaluationFunction<KmmKm> EvaluateKmmKm[] = { EvaluationFunction<KmmKm>(WHITE), EvaluationFunction<KmmKm>(BLACK) };
+  EvaluationFunction<KXK>   EvaluateKXK[]   = { EvaluationFunction<KXK>(WHITE),   EvaluationFunction<KXK>(BLACK) };
+  ScalingFunction<KBPsK>    ScaleKBPsK[]    = { ScalingFunction<KBPsK>(WHITE),    ScalingFunction<KBPsK>(BLACK) };
+  ScalingFunction<KQKRPs>   ScaleKQKRPs[]   = { ScalingFunction<KQKRPs>(WHITE),   ScalingFunction<KQKRPs>(BLACK) };
+  ScalingFunction<KPsK>     ScaleKPsK[]     = { ScalingFunction<KPsK>(WHITE),     ScalingFunction<KPsK>(BLACK) };
+  ScalingFunction<KPKP>     ScaleKPKP[]     = { ScalingFunction<KPKP>(WHITE),     ScalingFunction<KPKP>(BLACK) };
+
+  // Helper templates used to detect a given material distribution
+  template<Color Us> bool is_KXK(const Position& pos) {
+    const Color Them = (Us == WHITE ? BLACK : WHITE);
+    return   pos.non_pawn_material(Them) == Value(0)
+          && pos.piece_count(Them, PAWN) == 0
+          && pos.non_pawn_material(Us)   >= RookValueMidgame;
+  }
+
+  template<Color Us> bool is_KBPsK(const Position& pos) {
+    return   pos.non_pawn_material(Us)   == BishopValueMidgame
+          && pos.piece_count(Us, BISHOP) == 1
+          && pos.piece_count(Us, PAWN)   >= 1;
+  }
+
+  template<Color Us> bool is_KQKRPs(const Position& pos) {
+    const Color Them = (Us == WHITE ? BLACK : WHITE);
+    return   pos.piece_count(Us, PAWN)    == 0
+          && pos.non_pawn_material(Us)    == QueenValueMidgame
+          && pos.piece_count(Us, QUEEN)   == 1
+          && pos.piece_count(Them, ROOK)  == 1
+          && pos.piece_count(Them, PAWN)  >= 1;
+  }
 }
 
+
 ////
 //// Classes
 ////
 
-
+/// EndgameFunctions class stores endgame evaluation and scaling functions
-/// See header for a class description. It is declared here to avoid
+/// in two std::map. Because STL library is not guaranteed to be thread
-/// to include <map> in the header file.
+/// safe even for read access, the maps, although with identical content,
+/// are replicated for each thread. This is faster then using locks.
 
 class EndgameFunctions {
-
 public:
   EndgameFunctions();
-  EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase* getEEF(Key key) const;
+  ~EndgameFunctions();
-  EndgameScalingFunctionBase* getESF(Key key, Color* c) const;
+  template<class T> T* get(Key key) const;
 
 private:
-  void add(const std::string& keyCode, EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase* f);
+  template<class T> void add(const string& keyCode);
-  void add(const std::string& keyCode, Color c, EndgameScalingFunctionBase* f);
-  Key buildKey(const std::string& keyCode);
 
-  struct ScalingInfo
+  static Key buildKey(const string& keyCode);
-  {
+  static const string swapColors(const string& keyCode);
-      Color col;
-      EndgameScalingFunctionBase* fun;
-  };
 
-  std::map<Key, EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase*> EEFmap;
+  // Here we store two maps, for evaluate and scaling functions
-  std::map<Key, ScalingInfo> ESFmap;
+  pair<map<Key, EF*>, map<Key, SF*> > maps;
+
+  // Maps accessing functions returning const and non-const references
+  template<typename T> const map<Key, T*>& get() const { return maps.first; }
+  template<typename T> map<Key, T*>& get() { return maps.first; }
 };
 
+// Explicit specializations of a member function shall be declared in
+// the namespace of which the class template is a member.
+template<> const map<Key, SF*>&
+EndgameFunctions::get<SF>() const { return maps.second; }
+
+template<> map<Key, SF*>&
+EndgameFunctions::get<SF>() { return maps.second; }
+
 
 ////
 //// Functions
 ////
 
-
+/// MaterialInfoTable c'tor and d'tor, called once by each thread
-/// Constructor for the MaterialInfoTable class
 
 MaterialInfoTable::MaterialInfoTable(unsigned int numOfEntries) {
 
   size = numOfEntries;
   entries = new MaterialInfo[size];
   funcs = new EndgameFunctions();
+
   if (!entries || !funcs)
   {
-      std::cerr << "Failed to allocate " << (numOfEntries * sizeof(MaterialInfo))
+      cerr << "Failed to allocate " << numOfEntries * sizeof(MaterialInfo)
-                << " bytes for material hash table." << std::endl;
+           << " bytes for material hash table." << endl;
-      exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+      Application::exit_with_failure();
   }
-  clear();
 }
 
-
-/// Destructor for the MaterialInfoTable class
-
 MaterialInfoTable::~MaterialInfoTable() {
 
-  delete [] entries;
   delete funcs;
+  delete [] entries;
 }
 
 
-/// MaterialInfoTable::clear() clears a material hash table by setting
+/// MaterialInfoTable::game_phase() calculates the phase given the current
-/// all entries to 0.
+/// position. Because the phase is strictly a function of the material, it
+/// is stored in MaterialInfo.
 
-void MaterialInfoTable::clear() {
+Phase MaterialInfoTable::game_phase(const Position& pos) {
 
-  memset(entries, 0, size * sizeof(MaterialInfo));
+  Value npm = pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) + pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK);
+
+  if (npm >= MidgameLimit)
+      return PHASE_MIDGAME;
+  else if (npm <= EndgameLimit)
+      return PHASE_ENDGAME;
+
+  return Phase(((npm - EndgameLimit) * 128) / (MidgameLimit - EndgameLimit));
 }
 
-
 /// MaterialInfoTable::get_material_info() takes a position object as input,
 /// computes or looks up a MaterialInfo object, and returns a pointer to it.
 /// If the material configuration is not already present in the table, it
@@ -136,47 +195,33 @@ MaterialInfo* MaterialInfoTable::get_material_info(const Position& pos) {
   mi->clear();
   mi->key = key;
 
-  // A special case before looking for a specialized evaluation function
+  // Store game phase
-  // KNN vs K is a draw.
+  mi->gamePhase = MaterialInfoTable::game_phase(pos);
-  if (key == KNNKMaterialKey || key == KKNNMaterialKey)
-  {
-      mi->factor[WHITE] = mi->factor[BLACK] = 0;
-      return mi;
-  }
 
   // Let's look if we have a specialized evaluation function for this
   // particular material configuration. First we look for a fixed
   // configuration one, then a generic one if previous search failed.
-  if ((mi->evaluationFunction = funcs->getEEF(key)) != NULL)
+  if ((mi->evaluationFunction = funcs->get<EF>(key)) != NULL)
       return mi;
 
-  else if (   pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK) == Value(0)
+  else if (is_KXK<WHITE>(pos) || is_KXK<BLACK>(pos))
-           && pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) == 0
-           && pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) >= RookValueEndgame)
   {
-      mi->evaluationFunction = &EvaluateKXK;
+      mi->evaluationFunction = is_KXK<WHITE>(pos) ? &EvaluateKXK[WHITE] : &EvaluateKXK[BLACK];
       return mi;
   }
-  else if (   pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) == Value(0)
+  else if (   pos.pieces(PAWN)  == EmptyBoardBB
-           && pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) == 0
+           && pos.pieces(ROOK)  == EmptyBoardBB
-           && pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK) >= RookValueEndgame)
+           && pos.pieces(QUEEN) == EmptyBoardBB)
   {
-      mi->evaluationFunction = &EvaluateKKX;
+      // Minor piece endgame with at least one minor piece per side and
-      return mi;
+      // no pawns. Note that the case KmmK is already handled by KXK.
-  }
+      assert((pos.pieces(KNIGHT, WHITE) | pos.pieces(BISHOP, WHITE)));
-  else if (   pos.pawns() == EmptyBoardBB
+      assert((pos.pieces(KNIGHT, BLACK) | pos.pieces(BISHOP, BLACK)));
-           && pos.rooks() == EmptyBoardBB
-           && pos.queens() == EmptyBoardBB)
-  {
-      // Minor piece endgame with at least one minor piece per side,
-      // and no pawns.
-      assert(pos.knights(WHITE) | pos.bishops(WHITE));
-      assert(pos.knights(BLACK) | pos.bishops(BLACK));
 
       if (   pos.piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP) + pos.piece_count(WHITE, KNIGHT) <= 2
           && pos.piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP) + pos.piece_count(BLACK, KNIGHT) <= 2)
       {
-          mi->evaluationFunction = &EvaluateKmmKm;
+          mi->evaluationFunction = &EvaluateKmmKm[WHITE];
           return mi;
       }
   }
@@ -184,59 +229,49 @@ MaterialInfo* MaterialInfoTable::get_material_info(const Position& pos) {
   // OK, we didn't find any special evaluation function for the current
   // material configuration. Is there a suitable scaling function?
   //
-  // The code below is rather messy, and it could easily get worse later,
+  // We face problems when there are several conflicting applicable
-  // if we decide to add more special cases.  We face problems when there
+  // scaling functions and we need to decide which one to use.
-  // are several conflicting applicable scaling functions and we need to
+  SF* sf;
-  // decide which one to use.
-  Color c;
-  EndgameScalingFunctionBase* sf;
 
-  if ((sf = funcs->getESF(key, &c)) != NULL)
+  if ((sf = funcs->get<SF>(key)) != NULL)
   {
-      mi->scalingFunction[c] = sf;
+      mi->scalingFunction[sf->color()] = sf;
       return mi;
   }
 
-  if (   pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) == BishopValueMidgame
+  // Generic scaling functions that refer to more then one material
-      && pos.piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP) == 1
+  // distribution. Should be probed after the specialized ones.
-      && pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) >= 1)
+  // Note that these ones don't return after setting the function.
-      mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKBPK;
+  if (is_KBPsK<WHITE>(pos))
+      mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKBPsK[WHITE];
 
-  if (   pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK) == BishopValueMidgame
+  if (is_KBPsK<BLACK>(pos))
-      && pos.piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP) == 1
+      mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKBPsK[BLACK];
-      && pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) >= 1)
-      mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKKBP;
 
-  if (   pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) == 0
+  if (is_KQKRPs<WHITE>(pos))
-      && pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) == QueenValueMidgame
+      mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKQKRPs[WHITE];
-      && pos.piece_count(WHITE, QUEEN) == 1
-      && pos.piece_count(BLACK, ROOK) == 1
-      && pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) >= 1)
-      mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKQKRP;
 
-  else if (   pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) == 0
+  else if (is_KQKRPs<BLACK>(pos))
-           && pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK) == QueenValueMidgame
+      mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKQKRPs[BLACK];
-           && pos.piece_count(BLACK, QUEEN) == 1
-           && pos.piece_count(WHITE, ROOK) == 1
-           && pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) >= 1)
-      mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKRPKQ;
 
   if (pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) + pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK) == Value(0))
   {
       if (pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) == 0)
       {
           assert(pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) >= 2);
-          mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKPsK;
+          mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKPsK[WHITE];
       }
       else if (pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) == 0)
       {
           assert(pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) >= 2);
-          mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKKPs;
+          mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKPsK[BLACK];
       }
       else if (pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) == 1 && pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) == 1)
       {
-          mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKPKPw;
+          // This is a special case because we set scaling functions
-          mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKPKPb;
+          // for both colors instead of only one.
+          mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKPKP[WHITE];
+          mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKPKP[BLACK];
       }
   }
 
@@ -253,10 +288,13 @@ MaterialInfo* MaterialInfoTable::get_material_info(const Position& pos) {
   }
 
   // Evaluate the material balance
-
+  const int pieceCount[2][6] = { { pos.piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP) > 1, pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN), pos.piece_count(WHITE, KNIGHT),
-  int sign;
+                                   pos.piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP), pos.piece_count(WHITE, ROOK), pos.piece_count(WHITE, QUEEN) },
-  Value egValue = Value(0);
+                                 { pos.piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP) > 1, pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN), pos.piece_count(BLACK, KNIGHT),
-  Value mgValue = Value(0);
+                                   pos.piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP), pos.piece_count(BLACK, ROOK), pos.piece_count(BLACK, QUEEN) } };
+  Color c, them;
+  int sign, pt1, pt2, pc;
+  int v, vv, matValue = 0;
 
   for (c = WHITE, sign = 1; c <= BLACK; c++, sign = -sign)
   {
@@ -283,85 +321,80 @@ MaterialInfo* MaterialInfoTable::get_material_info(const Position& pos) {
         }
     }
 
-    // Bishop pair
+    // Redundancy of major pieces, formula based on Kaufman's paper
-    if (pos.piece_count(c, BISHOP) >= 2)
+    // "The Evaluation of Material Imbalances in Chess"
-    {
-        mgValue += sign * BishopPairMidgameBonus;
-        egValue += sign * BishopPairEndgameBonus;
-    }
-
-    // Knights are stronger when there are many pawns on the board.  The
-    // formula is taken from Larry Kaufman's paper "The Evaluation of Material
-    // Imbalances in Chess":
     // http://mywebpages.comcast.net/danheisman/Articles/evaluation_of_material_imbalance.htm
-    mgValue += sign * Value(pos.piece_count(c, KNIGHT)*(pos.piece_count(c, PAWN)-5)*16);
+    if (pieceCount[c][ROOK] >= 1)
-    egValue += sign * Value(pos.piece_count(c, KNIGHT)*(pos.piece_count(c, PAWN)-5)*16);
+        matValue -= sign * ((pieceCount[c][ROOK] - 1) * RedundantRookPenalty + pieceCount[c][QUEEN] * RedundantQueenPenalty);
 
-    // Redundancy of major pieces, again based on Kaufman's paper:
+    them = opposite_color(c);
-    if (pos.piece_count(c, ROOK) >= 1)
+    v = 0;
+
+    // Second-degree polynomial material imbalance by Tord Romstad
+    //
+    // We use NO_PIECE_TYPE as a place holder for the bishop pair "extended piece",
+    // this allow us to be more flexible in defining bishop pair bonuses.
+    for (pt1 = NO_PIECE_TYPE; pt1 <= QUEEN; pt1++)
     {
-        Value v = Value((pos.piece_count(c, ROOK) - 1) * 32 + pos.piece_count(c, QUEEN) * 16);
+        pc = pieceCount[c][pt1];
-        mgValue -= sign * v;
+        if (!pc)
-        egValue -= sign * v;
+            continue;
+
+        vv = LinearCoefficients[pt1];
+
+        for (pt2 = NO_PIECE_TYPE; pt2 <= pt1; pt2++)
+            vv +=  pieceCount[c][pt2] * QuadraticCoefficientsSameColor[pt1][pt2]
+                 + pieceCount[them][pt2] * QuadraticCoefficientsOppositeColor[pt1][pt2];
+
+        v += pc * vv;
     }
+    matValue += sign * v;
   }
-  mi->mgValue = int16_t(mgValue);
+  mi->value = int16_t(matValue / 16);
-  mi->egValue = int16_t(egValue);
   return mi;
 }
 
 
-/// EndgameFunctions member definitions. This class is used to store the maps
+/// EndgameFunctions member definitions.
-/// of end game and scaling functions that MaterialInfoTable will query for
-/// each key. The maps are constant and are populated only at construction,
-/// but are per-thread instead of globals to avoid expensive locks.
 
 EndgameFunctions::EndgameFunctions() {
 
-  KNNKMaterialKey = buildKey("KNNK");
+  add<EvaluationFunction<KNNK>  >("KNNK");
-  KKNNMaterialKey = buildKey("KKNN");
+  add<EvaluationFunction<KPK>   >("KPK");
+  add<EvaluationFunction<KBNK>  >("KBNK");
+  add<EvaluationFunction<KRKP>  >("KRKP");
+  add<EvaluationFunction<KRKB>  >("KRKB");
+  add<EvaluationFunction<KRKN>  >("KRKN");
+  add<EvaluationFunction<KQKR>  >("KQKR");
+  add<EvaluationFunction<KBBKN> >("KBBKN");
 
-  add("KPK",   &EvaluateKPK);
+  add<ScalingFunction<KNPK>    >("KNPK");
-  add("KKP",   &EvaluateKKP);
+  add<ScalingFunction<KRPKR>   >("KRPKR");
-  add("KBNK",  &EvaluateKBNK);
+  add<ScalingFunction<KBPKB>   >("KBPKB");
-  add("KKBN",  &EvaluateKKBN);
+  add<ScalingFunction<KBPPKB>  >("KBPPKB");
-  add("KRKP",  &EvaluateKRKP);
+  add<ScalingFunction<KBPKN>   >("KBPKN");
-  add("KPKR",  &EvaluateKPKR);
+  add<ScalingFunction<KRPPKRP> >("KRPPKRP");
-  add("KRKB",  &EvaluateKRKB);
-  add("KBKR",  &EvaluateKBKR);
-  add("KRKN",  &EvaluateKRKN);
-  add("KNKR",  &EvaluateKNKR);
-  add("KQKR",  &EvaluateKQKR);
-  add("KRKQ",  &EvaluateKRKQ);
-  add("KBBKN", &EvaluateKBBKN);
-  add("KNKBB", &EvaluateKNKBB);
-
-  add("KNPK",    WHITE, &ScaleKNPK);
-  add("KKNP",    BLACK, &ScaleKKNP);
-  add("KRPKR",   WHITE, &ScaleKRPKR);
-  add("KRKRP",   BLACK, &ScaleKRKRP);
-  add("KBPKB",   WHITE, &ScaleKBPKB);
-  add("KBKBP",   BLACK, &ScaleKBKBP);
-  add("KBPPKB",  WHITE, &ScaleKBPPKB);
-  add("KBKBPP",  BLACK, &ScaleKBKBPP);
-  add("KBPKN",   WHITE, &ScaleKBPKN);
-  add("KNKBP",   BLACK, &ScaleKNKBP);
-  add("KRPPKRP", WHITE, &ScaleKRPPKRP);
-  add("KRPKRPP", BLACK, &ScaleKRPKRPP);
-  add("KRPPKRP", WHITE, &ScaleKRPPKRP);
-  add("KRPKRPP", BLACK, &ScaleKRPKRPP);
 }
 
-Key EndgameFunctions::buildKey(const std::string& keyCode) {
+EndgameFunctions::~EndgameFunctions() {
+
+    for (map<Key, EF*>::iterator it = maps.first.begin(); it != maps.first.end(); ++it)
+        delete (*it).second;
+
+    for (map<Key, SF*>::iterator it = maps.second.begin(); it != maps.second.end(); ++it)
+        delete (*it).second;
+}
+
+Key EndgameFunctions::buildKey(const string& keyCode) {
 
     assert(keyCode.length() > 0 && keyCode[0] == 'K');
     assert(keyCode.length() < 8);
 
-    std::stringstream s;
+    stringstream s;
     bool upcase = false;
 
-    // Build up a fen substring with the given pieces, note
+    // Build up a fen string with the given pieces, note that
-    // that the fen string could be of an illegal position.
+    // the fen string could be of an illegal position.
     for (size_t i = 0; i < keyCode.length(); i++)
     {
         if (keyCode[i] == 'K')
@@ -370,32 +403,28 @@ Key EndgameFunctions::buildKey(const std::string& keyCode) {
         s << char(upcase? toupper(keyCode[i]) : tolower(keyCode[i]));
     }
     s << 8 - keyCode.length() << "/8/8/8/8/8/8/8 w -";
-    return Position(s.str()).get_material_key();
+    return Position(s.str(), 0).get_material_key();
 }
 
-void EndgameFunctions::add(const std::string& keyCode, EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase* f) {
+const string EndgameFunctions::swapColors(const string& keyCode) {
 
-  EEFmap.insert(std::pair<Key, EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase*>(buildKey(keyCode), f));
+    // Build corresponding key for the opposite color: "KBPKN" -> "KNKBP"
+    size_t idx = keyCode.find("K", 1);
+    return keyCode.substr(idx) + keyCode.substr(0, idx);
 }
 
-void EndgameFunctions::add(const std::string& keyCode, Color c, EndgameScalingFunctionBase* f) {
+template<class T>
+void EndgameFunctions::add(const string& keyCode) {
 
-  ScalingInfo s = {c, f};
+  typedef typename T::Base F;
-  ESFmap.insert(std::pair<Key, ScalingInfo>(buildKey(keyCode), s));
+
+  get<F>().insert(pair<Key, F*>(buildKey(keyCode), new T(WHITE)));
+  get<F>().insert(pair<Key, F*>(buildKey(swapColors(keyCode)), new T(BLACK)));
 }
 
-EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase* EndgameFunctions::getEEF(Key key) const {
+template<class T>
+T* EndgameFunctions::get(Key key) const {
 
-  std::map<Key, EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase*>::const_iterator it(EEFmap.find(key));
+  typename map<Key, T*>::const_iterator it(get<T>().find(key));
-  return (it != EEFmap.end() ? it->second : NULL);
+  return (it != get<T>().end() ? it->second : NULL);
-}
-
-EndgameScalingFunctionBase* EndgameFunctions::getESF(Key key, Color* c) const {
-
-  std::map<Key, ScalingInfo>::const_iterator it(ESFmap.find(key));
-  if (it == ESFmap.end())
-      return NULL;
-
-  *c = it->second.col;
-  return it->second.fun;
 }

src/material.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -49,47 +49,42 @@ class MaterialInfo {
   friend class MaterialInfoTable;
 
 public:
-  Value mg_value() const;
+  MaterialInfo() : key(0) { clear(); }
-  Value eg_value() const;
+
+  Score material_value() const;
   ScaleFactor scale_factor(const Position& pos, Color c) const;
   int space_weight() const;
+  Phase game_phase() const;
   bool specialized_eval_exists() const;
   Value evaluate(const Position& pos) const;
 
 private:
-  void clear();
+  inline void clear();
 
   Key key;
-  int16_t mgValue;
+  int16_t value;
-  int16_t egValue;
   uint8_t factor[2];
   EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase* evaluationFunction;
   EndgameScalingFunctionBase* scalingFunction[2];
   int spaceWeight;
+  Phase gamePhase;
 };
 
-
-/// EndgameFunctions class stores the endgame evaluation functions std::map.
-/// Because STL library is not thread safe even for read access, the maps,
-/// although with identical content, are replicated for each thread. This
-/// is faster then using locks with an unique set of global maps.
-
-class EndgameFunctions;
-
-
 /// The MaterialInfoTable class represents a pawn hash table. It is basically
 /// just an array of MaterialInfo objects and a few methods for accessing these
 /// objects. The most important method is get_material_info, which looks up a
 /// position in the table and returns a pointer to a MaterialInfo object.
+class EndgameFunctions;
 
 class MaterialInfoTable {
 
 public:
   MaterialInfoTable(unsigned numOfEntries);
   ~MaterialInfoTable();
-  void clear();
   MaterialInfo* get_material_info(const Position& pos);
 
+  static Phase game_phase(const Position& pos);
+
 private:
   unsigned size;
   MaterialInfo* entries;
@@ -101,35 +96,31 @@ private:
 //// Inline functions
 ////
 
-/// MaterialInfo::mg_value and MaterialInfo::eg_value simply returns the
-/// material balance evaluation for the middle game and the endgame.
 
-inline Value MaterialInfo::mg_value() const {
+/// MaterialInfo::material_value simply returns the material balance
+/// evaluation that is independent from game phase.
 
-  return Value(mgValue);
+inline Score MaterialInfo::material_value() const {
-}
 
-inline Value MaterialInfo::eg_value() const {
+  return make_score(value, value);
-
-  return Value(egValue);
 }
 
 
 /// MaterialInfo::clear() resets a MaterialInfo object to an empty state,
-/// with all slots at their default values.
+/// with all slots at their default values but the key.
 
 inline void MaterialInfo::clear() {
 
-  mgValue = egValue = 0;
+  value = 0;
   factor[WHITE] = factor[BLACK] = uint8_t(SCALE_FACTOR_NORMAL);
-  spaceWeight = 0;
   evaluationFunction = NULL;
   scalingFunction[WHITE] = scalingFunction[BLACK] = NULL;
+  spaceWeight = 0;
 }
 
 
 /// MaterialInfo::scale_factor takes a position and a color as input, and
-/// returns a scale factor for the given color.  We have to provide the
+/// returns a scale factor for the given color. We have to provide the
 /// position in addition to the color, because the scale factor need not
 /// to be a constant: It can also be a function which should be applied to
 /// the position. For instance, in KBP vs K endgames, a scaling function
@@ -155,6 +146,14 @@ inline int MaterialInfo::space_weight() const {
   return spaceWeight;
 }
 
+/// MaterialInfo::game_phase() returns the game phase according
+/// to this material configuration.
+
+inline Phase MaterialInfo::game_phase() const {
+
+  return gamePhase;
+}
+
 
 /// MaterialInfo::specialized_eval_exists decides whether there is a
 /// specialized evaluation function for the current material configuration,
@@ -167,7 +166,7 @@ inline bool MaterialInfo::specialized_eval_exists() const {
 
 
 /// MaterialInfo::evaluate applies a specialized evaluation function
-/// to a given position object.  It should only be called when
+/// to a given position object. It should only be called when
 /// specialized_eval_exists() returns 'true'.
 
 inline Value MaterialInfo::evaluate(const Position& pos) const {

src/mersenne.cpp

@@ -41,109 +41,131 @@
    email: m-mat @ math.sci.hiroshima-u.ac.jp (remove space)
 */
 
-#include "types.h"
 #include "mersenne.h"
 
-/* Period parameters */
+namespace {
-#define N 624
-#define M 397
-#define MATRIX_A 0x9908b0dfUL   /* constant vector a */
-#define UPPER_MASK 0x80000000UL /* most significant w-r bits */
-#define LOWER_MASK 0x7fffffffUL /* least significant r bits */
 
-static unsigned long mt[N]; /* the array for the state vector  */
+  // Period parameters
-static int mti=N+1; /* mti==N+1 means mt[N] is not initialized */
+  const int N = 624;
+  const int M = 397;
+  const unsigned long MATRIX_A   = 0x9908b0dfUL; // Constant vector a
+  const unsigned long UPPER_MASK = 0x80000000UL; // Most significant w-r bits
+  const unsigned long LOWER_MASK = 0x7fffffffUL; // Least significant r bits
 
-/* initializes mt[N] with a seed */
+  unsigned long mt[N]; // The array for the state vector
-static void init_genrand(unsigned long s)
+  int mti = N + 1;     // mti == N+1 means mt[N] is not initialized
-{
-    mt[0]= s & 0xffffffffUL;
-    for (mti=1; mti<N; mti++) {
-        mt[mti] =
-            (1812433253UL * (mt[mti-1] ^ (mt[mti-1] >> 30)) + mti);
-        /* See Knuth TAOCP Vol2. 3rd Ed. P.106 for multiplier. */
-        /* In the previous versions, MSBs of the seed affect   */
-        /* only MSBs of the array mt[].                        */
-        /* 2002/01/09 modified by Makoto Matsumoto             */
-        mt[mti] &= 0xffffffffUL;
-        /* for >32 bit machines */
-    }
-}
 
-/* initialize by an array with array-length */
+  // Initializes mt[N] with a seed
-/* init_key is the array for initializing keys */
+  void init_genrand(unsigned long s) {
-/* key_length is its length */
-/* slight change for C++, 2004/2/26 */
-static void init_by_array(unsigned long init_key[], int key_length)
-{
-    int i, j, k;
-    init_genrand(19650218UL);
-    i=1; j=0;
-    k = (N>key_length ? N : key_length);
-    for (; k; k--) {
-        mt[i] = (mt[i] ^ ((mt[i-1] ^ (mt[i-1] >> 30)) * 1664525UL))
-          + init_key[j] + j; /* non linear */
-        mt[i] &= 0xffffffffUL; /* for WORDSIZE > 32 machines */
-        i++; j++;
-        if (i>=N) { mt[0] = mt[N-1]; i=1; }
-        if (j>=key_length) j=0;
-    }
-    for (k=N-1; k; k--) {
-        mt[i] = (mt[i] ^ ((mt[i-1] ^ (mt[i-1] >> 30)) * 1566083941UL))
-          - i; /* non linear */
-        mt[i] &= 0xffffffffUL; /* for WORDSIZE > 32 machines */
-        i++;
-        if (i>=N) { mt[0] = mt[N-1]; i=1; }
-    }
 
-    mt[0] = 0x80000000UL; /* MSB is 1; assuring non-zero initial array */
+      mt[0]= s & 0xffffffffUL;
-}
+      for (mti = 1; mti < N; mti++)
+      {
+          // See Knuth TAOCP Vol2. 3rd Ed. P.106 for multiplier.
+          // In the previous versions, MSBs of the seed affect
+          // only MSBs of the array mt[].
+          // 2002/01/09 modified by Makoto Matsumoto
+          mt[mti] = 1812433253UL * (mt[mti-1] ^ (mt[mti-1] >> 30)) + mti;
+          mt[mti] &= 0xffffffffUL; // For > 32 bit machines
+      }
+  }
+
+  // Initialize by an array with array-length
+  // init_key is the array for initializing keys
+  // key_length is its length
+  // slight change for C++, 2004/2/26
+  void init_by_array(unsigned long init_key[], int key_length) {
+
+      int i = 1;
+      int j = 0;
+      int k = (N > key_length ? N : key_length);
+
+      init_genrand(19650218UL);
+
+      for ( ; k; k--)
+      {
+          mt[i] = (mt[i] ^ ((mt[i-1] ^ (mt[i-1] >> 30)) * 1664525UL)) + init_key[j] + j; // Non linear
+          mt[i] &= 0xffffffffUL; // For WORDSIZE > 32 machines
+          i++; j++;
+          if (i >= N)
+          {
+              mt[0] = mt[N-1];
+              i = 1;
+          }
+          if (j >= key_length)
+              j = 0;
+      }
+      for (k = N-1; k; k--)
+      {
+          mt[i] = (mt[i] ^ ((mt[i-1] ^ (mt[i-1] >> 30)) * 1566083941UL)) - i; // Non linear
+          mt[i] &= 0xffffffffUL; // For WORDSIZE > 32 machines
+          i++;
+          if (i >= N)
+          {
+              mt[0] = mt[N-1];
+              i = 1;
+          }
+      }
+      mt[0] = 0x80000000UL; // MSB is 1; assuring non-zero initial array
+  }
+
+} // namespace
+
+
+// Generates a random number on [0,0xffffffff]-interval
+uint32_t genrand_int32() {
 
-/* generates a random number on [0,0xffffffff]-interval */
-uint32_t genrand_int32(void) {
   unsigned long y;
-  static unsigned long mag01[2]={0x0UL, MATRIX_A};
+  static unsigned long mag01[2] = {0x0UL, MATRIX_A};
   /* mag01[x] = x * MATRIX_A  for x=0,1 */
 
-  if (mti >= N) { /* generate N words at one time */
+  // Generate N words at one time
-    int kk;
+  if (mti >= N)
+  {
+      int kk;
 
-    if (mti == N+1)   /* if init_genrand() has not been called, */
+      if (mti == N+1)           // If init_genrand() has not been called,
-      init_genrand(5489UL); /* a default initial seed is used */
+          init_genrand(5489UL); // a default initial seed is used.
 
-    for (kk=0;kk<N-M;kk++) {
+      for (kk = 0; kk < N-M; kk++)
-      y = (mt[kk]&UPPER_MASK)|(mt[kk+1]&LOWER_MASK);
+      {
-      mt[kk] = mt[kk+M] ^ (y >> 1) ^ mag01[y & 0x1UL];
+          y = (mt[kk] & UPPER_MASK) | (mt[kk+1] & LOWER_MASK);
-    }
+          mt[kk] = mt[kk+M] ^ (y >> 1) ^ mag01[y & 0x1UL];
-    for (;kk<N-1;kk++) {
+      }
-      y = (mt[kk]&UPPER_MASK)|(mt[kk+1]&LOWER_MASK);
+      for ( ; kk < N-1; kk++)
-      mt[kk] = mt[kk+(M-N)] ^ (y >> 1) ^ mag01[y & 0x1UL];
+      {
-    }
+          y = (mt[kk] & UPPER_MASK) | (mt[kk+1] & LOWER_MASK);
-    y = (mt[N-1]&UPPER_MASK)|(mt[0]&LOWER_MASK);
+          mt[kk] = mt[kk+(M-N)] ^ (y >> 1) ^ mag01[y & 0x1UL];
-    mt[N-1] = mt[M-1] ^ (y >> 1) ^ mag01[y & 0x1UL];
+      }
-
+      y = (mt[N-1] & UPPER_MASK) | (mt[0] & LOWER_MASK);
-    mti = 0;
+      mt[N-1] = mt[M-1] ^ (y >> 1) ^ mag01[y & 0x1UL];
+      mti = 0;
   }
 
   y = mt[mti++];
 
-  /* Tempering */
+  // Tempering
   y ^= (y >> 11);
-  y ^= (y << 7) & 0x9d2c5680UL;
+  y ^= (y <<  7) & 0x9d2c5680UL;
   y ^= (y << 15) & 0xefc60000UL;
   y ^= (y >> 18);
 
   return y;
 }
 
-uint64_t genrand_int64(void) {
+uint64_t genrand_int64() {
+
   uint64_t x, y;
 
-  x = genrand_int32(); y = genrand_int32();
+  x = genrand_int32();
-  return (x<<32)|y;
+  y = genrand_int32();
+  return (x << 32) | y;
 }
 
-void init_mersenne(void) {
+void init_mersenne() {
-  unsigned long init[4]={0x123, 0x234, 0x345, 0x456}, length=4;
+
+  unsigned long init[4] = {0x123, 0x234, 0x345, 0x456};
+  unsigned long length = 4;
+
   init_by_array(init, length);
 }

src/mersenne.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -32,9 +32,9 @@
 //// Prototypes
 ////
 
-extern uint32_t genrand_int32(void);
+extern uint32_t genrand_int32();
-extern uint64_t genrand_int64(void);
+extern uint64_t genrand_int64();
-extern void init_mersenne(void);
+extern void init_mersenne();
 
 
 #endif // !defined(MERSENNE_H_INCLUDED)

src/misc.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -27,35 +27,20 @@
 #  include <sys/time.h>
 #  include <sys/types.h>
 #  include <unistd.h>
+#  if defined(__hpux)
+#     include <sys/pstat.h>
+#  endif
 
 #else
-/*
-   (c) Copyright 1992 Eric Backus
 
-   This software may be used freely so long as this copyright notice is
+#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_DEPRECATE
-   left intact. There is no warrantee on this software.
+#include <windows.h>
-*/
+#include <sys/timeb.h>
-#  include <windows.h>
-#  include <time.h>
-#  include "dos.h"
-static int gettimeofday(struct timeval* tp, struct timezone*)
-{
-    SYSTEMTIME systime;
 
-    if (tp)
+#endif
-    {
-        struct tm tmrec;
-        time_t theTime = time(NULL);
-
-        tmrec = *localtime(&theTime);
-        tp->tv_sec = mktime(&tmrec);
-        GetLocalTime(&systime); /* system time */
-
-        tp->tv_usec = systime.wMilliseconds * 1000;
-    }
-    return 0;
-}
 
+#if !defined(NO_PREFETCH)
+#  include <xmmintrin.h>
 #endif
 
 #include <cassert>
@@ -64,14 +49,16 @@ static int gettimeofday(struct timeval* tp, struct timezone*)
 #include <iostream>
 #include <sstream>
 
+#include "bitcount.h"
 #include "misc.h"
+#include "thread.h"
 
 using namespace std;
 
 /// Version number. If this is left empty, the current date (in the format
 /// YYMMDD) is used as a version number.
 
-static const string EngineVersion = "1.3";
+static const string EngineVersion = "1.8 beta 1";
 static const string AppName = "Stockfish";
 static const string AppTag  = "";
 
@@ -80,8 +67,10 @@ static const string AppTag  = "";
 //// Variables
 ////
 
-long dbg_cnt0 = 0;
+bool Chess960;
-long dbg_cnt1 = 0;
+
+uint64_t dbg_cnt0 = 0;
+uint64_t dbg_cnt1 = 0;
 
 bool dbg_show_mean = false;
 bool dbg_show_hit_rate = false;
@@ -159,8 +148,10 @@ void dbg_print_mean(ofstream& logFile) {
 
 const string engine_name() {
 
+  const string cpu64(CpuHas64BitPath ? " 64bit" : "");
+
   if (!EngineVersion.empty())
-      return "Stockfish " + EngineVersion;
+      return AppName + " " + EngineVersion + cpu64;
 
   string date(__DATE__); // From compiler, format is "Sep 21 2008"
   string months("Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec");
@@ -173,7 +164,7 @@ const string engine_name() {
   string name = AppName + " " + AppTag + " ";
 
   s << name << date.substr(date.length() - 2) << setfill('0')
-    << setw(2) << mon << setw(2) << day;
+    << setw(2) << mon << setw(2) << day << cpu64;
 
   return s.str();
 }
@@ -183,9 +174,16 @@ const string engine_name() {
 /// milliseconds.
 
 int get_system_time() {
-  struct timeval t;
+
-  gettimeofday(&t, NULL);
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
-  return t.tv_sec*1000 + t.tv_usec/1000;
+    struct _timeb t;
+    _ftime(&t);
+    return int(t.time*1000 + t.millitm);
+#else
+    struct timeval t;
+    gettimeofday(&t, NULL);
+    return t.tv_sec*1000 + t.tv_usec/1000;
+#endif
 }
 
 
@@ -195,7 +193,15 @@ int get_system_time() {
 
 #  if defined(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN)
 int cpu_count() {
-  return Min(sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN), 8);
+  return Min(sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN), MAX_THREADS);
+}
+#  elif defined(__hpux)
+int cpu_count() {
+  struct pst_dynamic psd;
+  if (pstat_getdynamic(&psd, sizeof(psd), (size_t)1, 0) == -1)
+      return 1;
+
+  return Min(psd.psd_proc_cnt, MAX_THREADS);
 }
 #  else
 int cpu_count() {
@@ -208,7 +214,7 @@ int cpu_count() {
 int cpu_count() {
   SYSTEM_INFO s;
   GetSystemInfo(&s);
-  return Min(s.dwNumberOfProcessors, 8);
+  return Min(s.dwNumberOfProcessors, MAX_THREADS);
 }
 
 #endif
@@ -285,4 +291,27 @@ int Bioskey()
         return 0;
     }
 }
+
 #endif
+
+/// prefetch() preloads the given address in L1/L2 cache. This is a non
+/// blocking function and do not stalls the CPU waiting for data to be
+/// loaded from RAM, that can be very slow.
+#if defined(NO_PREFETCH)
+void prefetch(char*) {}
+#else
+
+void prefetch(char* addr) {
+
+#if defined(__INTEL_COMPILER) || defined(__ICL)
+   // This hack prevents prefetches to be optimized away by
+   // Intel compiler. Both MSVC and gcc seems not affected.
+   __asm__ ("");
+#endif
+
+  _mm_prefetch(addr, _MM_HINT_T2);
+  _mm_prefetch(addr+64, _MM_HINT_T2); // 64 bytes ahead
+}
+
+#endif
+

src/misc.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@
 #include <fstream>
 #include <string>
 
+#include "application.h"
+#include "types.h"
 
 ////
 //// Macros
@@ -38,6 +40,13 @@
 #define Max(x, y) (((x) < (y))? (y) : (x))
 
 
+////
+//// Variables
+////
+
+extern bool Chess960;
+
+
 ////
 //// Prototypes
 ////
@@ -46,6 +55,8 @@ extern const std::string engine_name();
 extern int get_system_time();
 extern int cpu_count();
 extern int Bioskey();
+extern void prefetch(char* addr);
+
 
 ////
 //// Debug
@@ -54,8 +65,8 @@ extern int Bioskey();
 extern bool dbg_show_mean;
 extern bool dbg_show_hit_rate;
 
-extern long dbg_cnt0;
+extern uint64_t dbg_cnt0;
-extern long dbg_cnt1;
+extern uint64_t dbg_cnt1;
 
 extern void dbg_hit_on(bool b);
 extern void dbg_hit_on_c(bool c, bool b);

src/move.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
 #include "move.h"
 #include "piece.h"
 #include "position.h"
-#include "ucioption.h"
 
 
 ////
@@ -130,8 +129,8 @@ const std::string move_to_string(Move move) {
               return (from == SQ_E1 ? "e1c1" : "e8c8");
       }
       str = square_to_string(from) + square_to_string(to);
-      if (move_promotion(move))
+      if (move_is_promotion(move))
-          str += piece_type_to_char(move_promotion(move), false);
+          str += piece_type_to_char(move_promotion_piece(move), false);
   }
   return str;
 }

src/move.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -62,9 +62,83 @@ struct MoveStack {
   int score;
 };
 
-// Note that operator< is set up such that std::sort() will sort in descending order
+// Note that operator< is set up such that sorting will be in descending order
 inline bool operator<(const MoveStack& f, const MoveStack& s) { return s.score < f.score; }
 
+// An helper insertion sort implementation
+template<typename T>
+inline void insertion_sort(T* firstMove, T* lastMove)
+{
+    T value;
+    T *cur, *p, *d;
+
+    if (firstMove != lastMove)
+        for (cur = firstMove + 1; cur != lastMove; cur++)
+        {
+            p = d = cur;
+            value = *p--;
+            if (value < *p)
+            {
+                do *d = *p;
+                while (--d != firstMove && value < *--p);
+                *d = value;
+            }
+        }
+}
+
+// Our dedicated sort in range [firstMove, lastMove), first splits
+// positive scores from ramining then order seaprately the two sets.
+template<typename T>
+inline void sort_moves(T* firstMove, T* lastMove, T** lastPositive)
+{
+    T tmp;
+    T *p, *d;
+
+    d = lastMove;
+    p = firstMove - 1;
+
+    d->score = -1; // right guard
+
+    // Split positives vs non-positives
+    do {
+        while ((++p)->score > 0) {}
+
+        if (p != d)
+        {
+            while (--d != p && d->score <= 0) {}
+
+            tmp = *p;
+            *p = *d;
+            *d = tmp;
+        }
+
+    } while (p != d);
+
+    // Sort just positive scored moves, remaining only when we get there
+    insertion_sort<T>(firstMove, p);
+    *lastPositive = p;
+}
+
+// Picks up the best move in range [curMove, lastMove), one per cycle.
+// It is faster then sorting all the moves in advance when moves are few,
+// as normally are the possible captures. Note that is not a stable alghoritm.
+template<typename T>
+inline T pick_best(T* curMove, T* lastMove)
+{
+    T bestMove, tmp;
+
+    bestMove = *curMove;
+    while (++curMove != lastMove)
+    {
+        if (*curMove < bestMove)
+        {
+            tmp = *curMove;
+            *curMove = bestMove;
+            bestMove = tmp;
+        }
+    }
+    return bestMove;
+}
 
 ////
 //// Inline functions
@@ -78,16 +152,24 @@ inline Square move_to(Move m) {
   return Square(m & 0x3F);
 }
 
-inline PieceType move_promotion(Move m) {
+inline PieceType move_promotion_piece(Move m) {
   return PieceType((int(m) >> 12) & 7);
 }
 
-inline bool move_is_ep(Move m) {
+inline int move_is_special(Move m) {
-  return bool((int(m) >> 15) & 1);
+  return m & (0x1F << 12);
 }
 
-inline bool move_is_castle(Move m) {
+inline int move_is_promotion(Move m) {
-  return bool((int(m) >> 16) & 1);
+  return m & (7 << 12);
+}
+
+inline int move_is_ep(Move m) {
+  return m & (1 << 15);
+}
+
+inline int move_is_castle(Move m) {
+  return m & (1 << 16);
 }
 
 inline bool move_is_short_castle(Move m) {
@@ -119,7 +201,7 @@ inline Move make_ep_move(Square from, Square to) {
 //// Prototypes
 ////
 
-extern std::ostream &operator << (std::ostream &os, Move m);
+extern std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream &os, Move m);
 extern Move move_from_string(const Position &pos, const std::string &str);
 extern const std::string move_to_string(Move m);
 extern bool move_is_ok(Move m);

src/movegen.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -32,12 +32,13 @@
 //// Prototypes
 ////
 
-extern int generate_captures(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist);
+extern MoveStack* generate_captures(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist);
-extern int generate_noncaptures(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist);
+extern MoveStack* generate_noncaptures(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist);
-extern int generate_non_capture_checks(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, Bitboard dc);
+extern MoveStack* generate_non_capture_checks(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist);
-extern int generate_evasions(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, Bitboard pinned);
+extern MoveStack* generate_evasions(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist);
-extern int generate_legal_moves(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist);
+extern MoveStack* generate_moves(const Position& pos, MoveStack* mlist, bool pseudoLegal = false);
 extern bool move_is_legal(const Position& pos, const Move m, Bitboard pinned);
+extern bool move_is_legal(const Position& pos, const Move m);
 
 
 #endif // !defined(MOVEGEN_H_INCLUDED)

src/movepick.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -23,11 +23,9 @@
 //// Includes
 ////
 
-#include <algorithm>
 #include <cassert>
 
 #include "history.h"
-#include "evaluate.h"
 #include "movegen.h"
 #include "movepick.h"
 #include "search.h"
@@ -40,14 +38,23 @@
 
 namespace {
 
-  /// Variables
+  enum MovegenPhase {
-
+    PH_TT_MOVES,       // Transposition table move and mate killer
-  MovePicker::MovegenPhase PhaseTable[32];
+    PH_GOOD_CAPTURES,  // Queen promotions and captures with SEE values >= 0
-  int MainSearchPhaseIndex;
+    PH_KILLERS,        // Killer moves from the current ply
-  int EvasionsPhaseIndex;
+    PH_NONCAPTURES,    // Non-captures and underpromotions
-  int QsearchWithChecksPhaseIndex;
+    PH_BAD_CAPTURES,   // Queen promotions and captures with SEE values < 0
-  int QsearchWithoutChecksPhaseIndex;
+    PH_EVASIONS,       // Check evasions
+    PH_QCAPTURES,      // Captures in quiescence search
+    PH_QCHECKS,        // Non-capture checks in quiescence search
+    PH_STOP
+  };
 
+  CACHE_LINE_ALIGNMENT
+  const uint8_t MainSearchPhaseTable[] = { PH_TT_MOVES, PH_GOOD_CAPTURES, PH_KILLERS, PH_NONCAPTURES, PH_BAD_CAPTURES, PH_STOP};
+  const uint8_t EvasionsPhaseTable[] = { PH_TT_MOVES, PH_EVASIONS, PH_STOP};
+  const uint8_t QsearchWithChecksPhaseTable[] = { PH_TT_MOVES, PH_QCAPTURES, PH_QCHECKS, PH_STOP};
+  const uint8_t QsearchWithoutChecksPhaseTable[] = { PH_TT_MOVES, PH_QCAPTURES, PH_STOP};
 }
 
 
@@ -56,195 +63,154 @@ namespace {
 ////
 
 
-/// Constructor for the MovePicker class.  Apart from the position for which
+/// Constructor for the MovePicker class. Apart from the position for which
 /// it is asked to pick legal moves, MovePicker also wants some information
 /// to help it to return the presumably good moves first, to decide which
 /// moves to return (in the quiescence search, for instance, we only want to
 /// search captures, promotions and some checks) and about how important good
 /// move ordering is at the current node.
 
-MovePicker::MovePicker(const Position& p, bool pv, Move ttm,
+MovePicker::MovePicker(const Position& p, Move ttm, Depth d, const History& h,
-                       const SearchStack& ss, Depth d) : pos(p) {
+                       SearchStack* ss, Value beta) : pos(p), H(h) {
-  pvNode = pv;
+  int searchTT = ttm;
-  ttMove = ttm;
+  ttMoves[0].move = ttm;
-  mateKiller = (ss.mateKiller == ttm)? MOVE_NONE : ss.mateKiller;
+  badCaptureThreshold = 0;
-  killer1 = ss.killers[0];
+  lastBadCapture = badCaptures;
-  killer2 = ss.killers[1];
+
-  depth = d;
+  pinned = p.pinned_pieces(pos.side_to_move());
-  movesPicked = 0;
+
-  numOfMoves = 0;
+  if (ss && !p.is_check())
-  numOfBadCaptures = 0;
+  {
+      ttMoves[1].move = (ss->mateKiller == ttm) ? MOVE_NONE : ss->mateKiller;
+      searchTT |= ttMoves[1].move;
+      killers[0].move = ss->killers[0];
+      killers[1].move = ss->killers[1];
+  } else
+      ttMoves[1].move = killers[0].move = killers[1].move = MOVE_NONE;
 
   if (p.is_check())
-      phaseIndex = EvasionsPhaseIndex;
+      phasePtr = EvasionsPhaseTable;
-  else if (depth > Depth(0))
+  else if (d > Depth(0))
-      phaseIndex = MainSearchPhaseIndex;
+  {
-  else if (depth == Depth(0))
+      // Consider sligtly negative captures as good if at low
-      phaseIndex = QsearchWithChecksPhaseIndex;
+      // depth and far from beta.
+      if (ss && ss->eval < beta - PawnValueMidgame && d < 3 * OnePly)
+          badCaptureThreshold = -PawnValueMidgame;
+
+      phasePtr = MainSearchPhaseTable;
+  }
+  else if (d == Depth(0))
+      phasePtr = QsearchWithChecksPhaseTable;
   else
-      phaseIndex = QsearchWithoutChecksPhaseIndex;
+  {
+      phasePtr = QsearchWithoutChecksPhaseTable;
 
-  Color us = pos.side_to_move();
+      // Skip TT move if is not a capture or a promotion, this avoids
+      // qsearch tree explosion due to a possible perpetual check or
+      // similar rare cases when TT table is full.
+      if (ttm != MOVE_NONE && !pos.move_is_capture_or_promotion(ttm))
+          searchTT = ttMoves[0].move = MOVE_NONE;
+  }
 
-  dc = p.discovered_check_candidates(us);
+  phasePtr += int(!searchTT) - 1;
-  pinned = p.pinned_pieces(us);
+  go_next_phase();
-
-  finished = false;
 }
 
 
-/// MovePicker::get_next_move() is the most important method of the MovePicker
+/// MovePicker::go_next_phase() generates, scores and sorts the next bunch
-/// class.  It returns a new legal move every time it is called, until there
+/// of moves when there are no more moves to try for the current phase.
-/// are no more moves left of the types we are interested in.
 
-Move MovePicker::get_next_move() {
+void MovePicker::go_next_phase() {
 
-  Move move;
+  curMove = moves;
+  phase = *(++phasePtr);
+  switch (phase) {
 
-  while (true)
+  case PH_TT_MOVES:
-  {
+      curMove = ttMoves;
-    // If we already have a list of generated moves, pick the best move from
+      lastMove = curMove + 2;
-    // the list, and return it.
+      return;
-    move = pick_move_from_list();
-    if (move != MOVE_NONE)
-    {
-        assert(move_is_ok(move));
-        return move;
-    }
 
-    // Next phase
+  case PH_GOOD_CAPTURES:
-    phaseIndex++;
+      lastMove = generate_captures(pos, moves);
-    switch (PhaseTable[phaseIndex]) {
+      score_captures();
+      return;
 
-    case PH_TT_MOVE:
+  case PH_KILLERS:
-        if (ttMove != MOVE_NONE)
+      curMove = killers;
-        {
+      lastMove = curMove + 2;
-            assert(move_is_ok(ttMove));
+      return;
-            if (move_is_legal(pos, ttMove, pinned))
-                return ttMove;
-        }
-        break;
 
-    case PH_MATE_KILLER:
+  case PH_NONCAPTURES:
-        if (mateKiller != MOVE_NONE)
+      lastMove = generate_noncaptures(pos, moves);
-        {
+      score_noncaptures();
-            assert(move_is_ok(mateKiller));
+      sort_moves(moves, lastMove, &lastGoodNonCapture);
-            if (move_is_legal(pos, mateKiller, pinned))
+      return;
-                return mateKiller;
-        }
-        break;
 
-    case PH_GOOD_CAPTURES:
+  case PH_BAD_CAPTURES:
-        numOfMoves = generate_captures(pos, moves);
+      // Bad captures SEE value is already calculated so just sort them
-        score_captures();
+      // to get SEE move ordering.
-        std::sort(moves, moves + numOfMoves);
+      curMove = badCaptures;
-        movesPicked = 0;
+      lastMove = lastBadCapture;
-        break;
+      return;
 
-    case PH_BAD_CAPTURES:
+  case PH_EVASIONS:
-        // It's probably a good idea to use SEE move ordering here. FIXME
+      assert(pos.is_check());
-        movesPicked = 0;
+      lastMove = generate_evasions(pos, moves);
-        break;
+      score_evasions_or_checks();
+      return;
 
-    case PH_NONCAPTURES:
+  case PH_QCAPTURES:
-        numOfMoves = generate_noncaptures(pos, moves);
+      lastMove = generate_captures(pos, moves);
-        score_noncaptures();
+      score_captures();
-        std::sort(moves, moves + numOfMoves);
+      return;
-        movesPicked = 0;
-        break;
 
-    case PH_EVASIONS:
+  case PH_QCHECKS:
-        assert(pos.is_check());
+      lastMove = generate_non_capture_checks(pos, moves);
-        numOfMoves = generate_evasions(pos, moves, pinned);
+      score_evasions_or_checks();
-        score_evasions();
+      return;
-        std::sort(moves, moves + numOfMoves);
-        movesPicked = 0;
-        break;
 
-    case PH_QCAPTURES:
+  case PH_STOP:
-        numOfMoves = generate_captures(pos, moves);
+      lastMove = curMove + 1; // Avoids another go_next_phase() call
-        score_qcaptures();
+      return;
-        std::sort(moves, moves + numOfMoves);
-        movesPicked = 0;
-        break;
 
-    case PH_QCHECKS:
+  default:
-        // Perhaps we should order moves move here?  FIXME
+      assert(false);
-        numOfMoves = generate_non_capture_checks(pos, moves, dc);
+      return;
-        movesPicked = 0;
-        break;
-
-    case PH_STOP:
-        return MOVE_NONE;
-
-    default:
-        assert(false);
-        return MOVE_NONE;
-    }
   }
 }
 
 
-/// A variant of get_next_move() which takes a lock as a parameter, used to
+/// MovePicker::score_captures(), MovePicker::score_noncaptures() and
-/// prevent multiple threads from picking the same move at a split point.
+/// MovePicker::score_evasions() assign a numerical move ordering score
-
+/// to each move in a move list.  The moves with highest scores will be
-Move MovePicker::get_next_move(Lock &lock) {
+/// picked first by get_next_move().
-
-   lock_grab(&lock);
-   if (finished)
-   {
-       lock_release(&lock);
-       return MOVE_NONE;
-   }
-   Move m = get_next_move();
-   if (m == MOVE_NONE)
-       finished = true;
-
-   lock_release(&lock);
-   return m;
-}
-
-
-/// MovePicker::score_captures(), MovePicker::score_noncaptures(),
-/// MovePicker::score_evasions() and MovePicker::score_qcaptures() assign a
-/// numerical move ordering score to each move in a move list.  The moves
-/// with highest scores will be picked first by pick_move_from_list().
 
 void MovePicker::score_captures() {
   // Winning and equal captures in the main search are ordered by MVV/LVA.
   // Suprisingly, this appears to perform slightly better than SEE based
-  // move ordering.  The reason is probably that in a position with a winning
+  // move ordering. The reason is probably that in a position with a winning
   // capture, capturing a more valuable (but sufficiently defended) piece
-  // first usually doesn't hurt.  The opponent will have to recapture, and
+  // first usually doesn't hurt. The opponent will have to recapture, and
   // the hanging piece will still be hanging (except in the unusual cases
   // where it is possible to recapture with the hanging piece). Exchanging
   // big pieces before capturing a hanging piece probably helps to reduce
   // the subtree size.
-  // While scoring captures it moves all captures with negative SEE values
+  // In main search we want to push captures with negative SEE values to
-  // to the badCaptures[] array.
+  // badCaptures[] array, but instead of doing it now we delay till when
+  // the move has been picked up in pick_move_from_list(), this way we save
+  // some SEE calls in case we get a cutoff (idea from Pablo Vazquez).
   Move m;
-  int seeValue;
 
-  for (int i = 0; i < numOfMoves; i++)
+  // Use MVV/LVA ordering
+  for (MoveStack* cur = moves; cur != lastMove; cur++)
   {
-      m = moves[i].move;
+      m = cur->move;
-      seeValue = pos.see(m);
+      if (move_is_promotion(m))
-      if (seeValue >= 0)
+          cur->score = QueenValueMidgame;
-      {
-          if (move_promotion(m))
-              moves[i].score = QueenValueMidgame;
-          else
-              moves[i].score = int(pos.midgame_value_of_piece_on(move_to(m)))
-                              -int(pos.type_of_piece_on(move_from(m)));
-      }
       else
-      {
+          cur->score =  pos.midgame_value_of_piece_on(move_to(m))
-          // Losing capture, move it to the badCaptures[] array
+                      - pos.type_of_piece_on(move_from(m));
-          assert(numOfBadCaptures < 63);
-          moves[i].score = seeValue;
-          badCaptures[numOfBadCaptures++] = moves[i];
-          moves[i--] = moves[--numOfMoves];
-      }
   }
 }
 
@@ -253,156 +219,150 @@ void MovePicker::score_noncaptures() {
   // piece/square tables values. This seems to be better then a
   // random choice when we don't have an history for any move.
   Move m;
+  Piece piece;
+  Square from, to;
   int hs;
 
-  for (int i = 0; i < numOfMoves; i++)
+  for (MoveStack* cur = moves; cur != lastMove; cur++)
   {
-      m = moves[i].move;
+      m = cur->move;
+      from = move_from(m);
+      to = move_to(m);
+      piece = pos.piece_on(from);
+      hs = H.move_ordering_score(piece, to);
 
-      if (m == killer1)
+      // Ensure history has always highest priority
-          hs = HistoryMax + 2;
-      else if (m == killer2)
-          hs = HistoryMax + 1;
-      else
-          hs = H.move_ordering_score(pos.piece_on(move_from(m)), m);
-
-      // Ensure history is always preferred to pst
       if (hs > 0)
-          hs += 1000;
+          hs += 10000;
 
-      // pst based scoring
+      // Gain table based scoring
-      moves[i].score = hs + pos.mg_pst_delta(m);
+      cur->score = hs + 16 * H.gain(piece, to);
   }
 }
 
-void MovePicker::score_evasions() {
+void MovePicker::score_evasions_or_checks() {
+  // Try good captures ordered by MVV/LVA, then non-captures if
+  // destination square is not under attack, ordered by history
+  // value, and at the end bad-captures and non-captures with a
+  // negative SEE. This last group is ordered by the SEE score.
+  Move m;
+  int seeScore;
 
-  for (int i = 0; i < numOfMoves; i++)
+  // Skip if we don't have at least two moves to order
+  if (lastMove < moves + 2)
+      return;
+
+  for (MoveStack* cur = moves; cur != lastMove; cur++)
   {
-      Move m = moves[i].move;
+      m = cur->move;
-      if (m == ttMove)
+      if ((seeScore = pos.see_sign(m)) < 0)
-          moves[i].score = 2*HistoryMax;
+          cur->score = seeScore - HistoryMax; // Be sure are at the bottom
-      else if (!pos.square_is_empty(move_to(m)))
+      else if (pos.move_is_capture(m))
-      {
+          cur->score =  pos.midgame_value_of_piece_on(move_to(m))
-          int seeScore = pos.see(m);
+                      - pos.type_of_piece_on(move_from(m)) + HistoryMax;
-          moves[i].score = (seeScore >= 0)? seeScore + HistoryMax : seeScore;
-      } else
-          moves[i].score = H.move_ordering_score(pos.piece_on(move_from(m)), m);
-  }
-}
-
-void MovePicker::score_qcaptures() {
-
-  // Use MVV/LVA ordering
-  for (int i = 0; i < numOfMoves; i++)
-  {
-      Move m = moves[i].move;
-      if (move_promotion(m))
-          moves[i].score = QueenValueMidgame;
       else
-          moves[i].score = int(pos.midgame_value_of_piece_on(move_to(m)))
+          cur->score = H.move_ordering_score(pos.piece_on(move_from(m)), move_to(m));
-                          -int(pos.type_of_piece_on(move_from(m)));
   }
 }
 
+/// MovePicker::get_next_move() is the most important method of the MovePicker
+/// class. It returns a new legal move every time it is called, until there
+/// are no more moves left.
+/// It picks the move with the biggest score from a list of generated moves taking
+/// care not to return the tt move if has already been searched previously.
+/// Note that this function is not thread safe so should be lock protected by
+/// caller when accessed through a shared MovePicker object.
 
-/// MovePicker::pick_move_from_list() picks the move with the biggest score
+Move MovePicker::get_next_move() {
-/// from a list of generated moves (moves[] or badCaptures[], depending on
-/// the current move generation phase).  It takes care not to return the
-/// transposition table move if that has already been serched previously.
 
-Move MovePicker::pick_move_from_list() {
+  Move move;
 
-  assert(movesPicked >= 0);
+  while (true)
-  assert(!pos.is_check() || PhaseTable[phaseIndex] == PH_EVASIONS || PhaseTable[phaseIndex] == PH_STOP);
+  {
-  assert( pos.is_check() || PhaseTable[phaseIndex] != PH_EVASIONS);
+      while (curMove != lastMove)
-
-  switch (PhaseTable[phaseIndex]) {
-
-  case PH_GOOD_CAPTURES:
-  case PH_NONCAPTURES:
-      while (movesPicked < numOfMoves)
       {
-          Move move = moves[movesPicked++].move;
+          switch (phase) {
-          if (   move != ttMove
+
-              && move != mateKiller
+          case PH_TT_MOVES:
-              && pos.pl_move_is_legal(move, pinned))
+              move = (curMove++)->move;
+              if (   move != MOVE_NONE
+                  && move_is_legal(pos, move, pinned))
+                  return move;
+              break;
+
+          case PH_GOOD_CAPTURES:
+              move = pick_best(curMove++, lastMove).move;
+              if (   move != ttMoves[0].move
+                  && move != ttMoves[1].move
+                  && pos.pl_move_is_legal(move, pinned))
+              {
+                  // Check for a non negative SEE now
+                  int seeValue = pos.see_sign(move);
+                  if (seeValue >= badCaptureThreshold)
+                      return move;
+
+                  // Losing capture, move it to the badCaptures[] array, note
+                  // that move has now been already checked for legality.
+                  assert(int(lastBadCapture - badCaptures) < 63);
+                  lastBadCapture->move = move;
+                  lastBadCapture->score = seeValue;
+                  lastBadCapture++;
+              }
+              break;
+
+          case PH_KILLERS:
+              move = (curMove++)->move;
+              if (   move != MOVE_NONE
+                  && move_is_legal(pos, move, pinned)
+                  && move != ttMoves[0].move
+                  && move != ttMoves[1].move
+                  && !pos.move_is_capture(move))
+                  return move;
+              break;
+
+          case PH_NONCAPTURES:
+
+              // Sort negative scored moves only when we get there
+              if (curMove == lastGoodNonCapture)
+                  insertion_sort(lastGoodNonCapture, lastMove);
+
+              move = (curMove++)->move;
+              if (   move != ttMoves[0].move
+                  && move != ttMoves[1].move
+                  && move != killers[0].move
+                  && move != killers[1].move
+                  && pos.pl_move_is_legal(move, pinned))
+                  return move;
+              break;
+
+          case PH_BAD_CAPTURES:
+              move = pick_best(curMove++, lastMove).move;
               return move;
+
+          case PH_EVASIONS:
+          case PH_QCAPTURES:
+              move = pick_best(curMove++, lastMove).move;
+              if (   move != ttMoves[0].move
+                  && pos.pl_move_is_legal(move, pinned))
+                  return move;
+              break;
+
+          case PH_QCHECKS:
+              move = (curMove++)->move;
+              if (   move != ttMoves[0].move
+                  && pos.pl_move_is_legal(move, pinned))
+                  return move;
+              break;
+
+          case PH_STOP:
+              return MOVE_NONE;
+
+          default:
+              assert(false);
+              break;
+          }
       }
-      break;
+      go_next_phase();
-
-  case PH_EVASIONS:
-      if (movesPicked < numOfMoves)
-          return moves[movesPicked++].move;
-
-      break;
-
-  case PH_BAD_CAPTURES:
-      while (movesPicked < numOfBadCaptures)
-      {
-          Move move = badCaptures[movesPicked++].move;
-          if (   move != ttMove
-              && move != mateKiller
-              && pos.pl_move_is_legal(move, pinned))
-              return move;
-      }
-      break;
-
-  case PH_QCAPTURES:
-  case PH_QCHECKS:
-      while (movesPicked < numOfMoves)
-      {
-          Move move = moves[movesPicked++].move;
-          // Maybe postpone the legality check until after futility pruning?
-          if (   move != ttMove
-              && pos.pl_move_is_legal(move, pinned))
-              return move;
-      }
-      break;
-
-  default:
-      break;
   }
-  return MOVE_NONE;
 }
 
-
-/// MovePicker::init_phase_table() initializes the PhaseTable[],
-/// MainSearchPhaseIndex, EvasionPhaseIndex, QsearchWithChecksPhaseIndex
-/// and QsearchWithoutChecksPhaseIndex. It is only called once during
-/// program startup, and never again while the program is running.
-
-void MovePicker::init_phase_table() {
-
-  int i = 0;
-
-  // Main search
-  MainSearchPhaseIndex = i - 1;
-  PhaseTable[i++] = PH_TT_MOVE;
-  PhaseTable[i++] = PH_MATE_KILLER;
-  PhaseTable[i++] = PH_GOOD_CAPTURES;
-  // PH_KILLER_1 and PH_KILLER_2 are not yet used.
-  // PhaseTable[i++] = PH_KILLER_1;
-  // PhaseTable[i++] = PH_KILLER_2;
-  PhaseTable[i++] = PH_NONCAPTURES;
-  PhaseTable[i++] = PH_BAD_CAPTURES;
-  PhaseTable[i++] = PH_STOP;
-
-  // Check evasions
-  EvasionsPhaseIndex = i - 1;
-  PhaseTable[i++] = PH_EVASIONS;
-  PhaseTable[i++] = PH_STOP;
-
-  // Quiescence search with checks
-  QsearchWithChecksPhaseIndex = i - 1;
-  PhaseTable[i++] = PH_TT_MOVE;
-  PhaseTable[i++] = PH_QCAPTURES;
-  PhaseTable[i++] = PH_QCHECKS;
-  PhaseTable[i++] = PH_STOP;
-
-  // Quiescence search without checks
-  QsearchWithoutChecksPhaseIndex = i - 1;
-  PhaseTable[i++] = PH_TT_MOVE;
-  PhaseTable[i++] = PH_QCAPTURES;
-  PhaseTable[i++] = PH_STOP;
-}

src/movepick.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 ////
 
 #include "depth.h"
-#include "lock.h"
+#include "history.h"
 #include "position.h"
 
 
@@ -34,12 +34,11 @@
 //// Types
 ////
 
-struct EvalInfo;
 struct SearchStack;
 
 /// MovePicker is a class which is used to pick one legal move at a time from
-/// the current position.  It is initialized with a Position object and a few
+/// the current position. It is initialized with a Position object and a few
-/// moves we have reason to believe are good.  The most important method is
+/// moves we have reason to believe are good. The most important method is
 /// MovePicker::pick_next_move(), which returns a new legal move each time it
 /// is called, until there are no legal moves left, when MOVE_NONE is returned.
 /// In order to improve the efficiency of the alpha beta algorithm, MovePicker
@@ -47,50 +46,27 @@ struct SearchStack;
 
 class MovePicker {
 
-  MovePicker& operator=(const MovePicker&); // Silence a warning under MSVC
+  MovePicker& operator=(const MovePicker&); // silence a warning under MSVC
 
 public:
-
+  MovePicker(const Position& p, Move ttm, Depth d, const History& h, SearchStack* ss = NULL, Value beta = -VALUE_INFINITE);
-  enum MovegenPhase {
-    PH_TT_MOVE,        // Transposition table move
-    PH_MATE_KILLER,    // Mate killer from the current ply
-    PH_GOOD_CAPTURES,  // Queen promotions and captures with SEE values >= 0
-    PH_BAD_CAPTURES,   // Queen promotions and captures with SEE values < 0
-    PH_KILLER_1,       // Killer move 1 from the current ply (not used yet).
-    PH_KILLER_2,       // Killer move 2 from the current ply (not used yet).
-    PH_NONCAPTURES,    // Non-captures and underpromotions
-    PH_EVASIONS,       // Check evasions
-    PH_QCAPTURES,      // Captures in quiescence search
-    PH_QCHECKS,        // Checks in quiescence search
-    PH_STOP
-  };
-
-  MovePicker(const Position& p, bool pvnode, Move ttm, const SearchStack& ss, Depth d);
   Move get_next_move();
-  Move get_next_move(Lock &lock);
+  int number_of_evasions() const;
-  int number_of_moves() const;
-  int current_move_score() const;
-  Bitboard discovered_check_candidates() const;
-
-  static void init_phase_table();
 
 private:
   void score_captures();
   void score_noncaptures();
-  void score_evasions();
+  void score_evasions_or_checks();
-  void score_qcaptures();
+  void go_next_phase();
-  Move pick_move_from_list();
 
   const Position& pos;
-  Move ttMove, mateKiller, killer1, killer2;
+  const History& H;
-  Bitboard pinned, dc;
+  Bitboard pinned;
+  MoveStack ttMoves[2], killers[2];
+  int badCaptureThreshold, phase;
+  const uint8_t* phasePtr;
+  MoveStack *curMove, *lastMove, *lastGoodNonCapture, *lastBadCapture;
   MoveStack moves[256], badCaptures[64];
-  bool pvNode;
-  Depth depth;
-  int phaseIndex;
-  int numOfMoves, numOfBadCaptures;
-  int movesPicked;
-  bool finished;
 };
 
 
@@ -98,21 +74,14 @@ private:
 //// Inline functions
 ////
 
-/// MovePicker::number_of_moves() simply returns the numOfMoves member
+/// MovePicker::number_of_evasions() simply returns the number of moves in
-/// variable. It is intended to be used in positions where the side to move
+/// evasions phase. It is intended to be used in positions where the side to
-/// is in check, for detecting checkmates or situations where there is only
+/// move is in check, for detecting checkmates or situations where there is
-/// a single reply to check.
+/// only a single reply to check.
+/// WARNING: It works as long as PH_EVASIONS is the _only_ phase for evasions.
 
-inline int MovePicker::number_of_moves() const {
+inline int MovePicker::number_of_evasions() const {
-  return numOfMoves;
+  return int(lastMove - moves);
-}
-
-/// MovePicker::discovered_check_candidates() returns a bitboard containing
-/// all pieces which can possibly give discovered check.  This bitboard is
-/// computed by the constructor function.
-
-inline Bitboard MovePicker::discovered_check_candidates() const {
-  return dc;
 }
 
 #endif // !defined(MOVEPICK_H_INCLUDED)

src/pawns.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 #include <cassert>
 #include <cstring>
 
+#include "bitcount.h"
 #include "pawns.h"
 #include "position.h"
 
@@ -37,96 +38,69 @@ namespace {
 
   /// Constants and variables
 
-  // Doubled pawn penalty by file, middle game.
+  #define S(mg, eg) make_score(mg, eg)
-  const Value DoubledPawnMidgamePenalty[8] = {
+
-    Value(20), Value(30), Value(34), Value(34),
+  // Doubled pawn penalty by file
-    Value(34), Value(34), Value(30), Value(20)
+  const Score DoubledPawnPenalty[8] = {
+    S(13, 43), S(20, 48), S(23, 48), S(23, 48),
+    S(23, 48), S(23, 48), S(20, 48), S(13, 43)
   };
 
-  // Doubled pawn penalty by file, endgame.
+  // Isolated pawn penalty by file
-  const Value DoubledPawnEndgamePenalty[8] = {
+  const Score IsolatedPawnPenalty[8] = {
-    Value(35), Value(40), Value(40), Value(40),
+    S(25, 30), S(36, 35), S(40, 35), S(40, 35),
-    Value(40), Value(40), Value(40), Value(35)
+    S(40, 35), S(40, 35), S(36, 35), S(25, 30)
   };
 
-  // Isolated pawn penalty by file, middle game.
+  // Backward pawn penalty by file
-  const Value IsolatedPawnMidgamePenalty[8] = {
+  const Score BackwardPawnPenalty[8] = {
-    Value(20), Value(30), Value(34), Value(34),
+    S(20, 28), S(29, 31), S(33, 31), S(33, 31),
-    Value(34), Value(34), Value(30), Value(20)
+    S(33, 31), S(33, 31), S(29, 31), S(20, 28)
   };
 
-  // Isolated pawn penalty by file, endgame.
+  // Pawn chain membership bonus by file
-  const Value IsolatedPawnEndgamePenalty[8] = {
+  const Score ChainBonus[8] = {
-    Value(35), Value(40), Value(40), Value(40),
+    S(11,-1), S(13,-1), S(13,-1), S(14,-1),
-    Value(40), Value(40), Value(40), Value(35)
+    S(14,-1), S(13,-1), S(13,-1), S(11,-1)
   };
 
-  // Backward pawn penalty by file, middle game.
+  // Candidate passed pawn bonus by rank
-  const Value BackwardPawnMidgamePenalty[8] = {
+  const Score CandidateBonus[8] = {
-    Value(16), Value(24), Value(27), Value(27),
+    S( 0, 0), S( 6, 13), S(6,13), S(14,29),
-    Value(27), Value(27), Value(24), Value(16)
+    S(34,68), S(83,166), S(0, 0), S( 0, 0)
   };
 
-  // Backward pawn penalty by file, endgame.
+  // Pawn storm tables for positions with opposite castling
-  const Value BackwardPawnEndgamePenalty[8] = {
-    Value(28), Value(32), Value(32), Value(32),
-    Value(32), Value(32), Value(32), Value(28)
-  };
-
-  // Pawn chain membership bonus by file, middle game.
-  const Value ChainMidgameBonus[8] = {
-    Value(14), Value(16), Value(17), Value(18),
-    Value(18), Value(17), Value(16), Value(14)
-  };
-
-  // Pawn chain membership bonus by file, endgame.
-  const Value ChainEndgameBonus[8] = {
-    Value(16), Value(16), Value(16), Value(16),
-    Value(16), Value(16), Value(16), Value(16)
-  };
-
-  // Candidate passed pawn bonus by rank, middle game.
-  const Value CandidateMidgameBonus[8] = {
-    Value( 0), Value(12), Value(12), Value(20),
-    Value(40), Value(90), Value( 0), Value( 0)
-  };
-
-  // Candidate passed pawn bonus by rank, endgame.
-  const Value CandidateEndgameBonus[8] = {
-    Value( 0), Value(24), Value(24), Value(40),
-    Value(80), Value(180), Value(0), Value( 0)
-  };
-
-  // Pawn storm tables for positions with opposite castling:
   const int QStormTable[64] = {
     0,  0,  0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-  -22,-22,-22,-13,-4, 0, 0, 0,
+  -22,-22,-22,-14,-6, 0, 0, 0,
-   -4, -9, -9, -9,-4, 0, 0, 0,
+   -6,-10,-10,-10,-6, 0, 0, 0,
-    9, 18, 22, 18, 9, 0, 0, 0,
+    4, 12, 16, 12, 4, 0, 0, 0,
-   22, 31, 31, 22, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+   16, 23, 23, 16, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-   31, 40, 40, 31, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+   23, 31, 31, 23, 0, 0, 0, 0,
-   31, 40, 40, 31, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+   23, 31, 31, 23, 0, 0, 0, 0,
     0,  0,  0,  0, 0, 0, 0, 0
   };
 
   const int KStormTable[64] = {
-    0, 0, 0, 0,  0,  0,  0,  0,
+    0, 0, 0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,
-    0, 0, 0,-4,-13,-22,-27,-27,
+    0, 0, 0,-10,-19,-28,-33,-33,
-    0, 0, 0,-4, -9,-13,-18,-18,
+    0, 0, 0,-10,-15,-19,-24,-24,
-    0, 0, 0, 0,  9,  9,  9,  9,
+    0, 0, 0,  0,  1,  1,  1,  1,
-    0, 0, 0, 0,  9, 18, 27, 27,
+    0, 0, 0,  0,  1, 10, 19, 19,
-    0, 0, 0, 0,  9, 27, 40, 36,
+    0, 0, 0,  0,  1, 19, 31, 27,
-    0, 0, 0, 0,  0, 31, 40, 31,
+    0, 0, 0,  0,  0, 22, 31, 22,
-    0, 0, 0, 0,  0,  0,  0,  0
+    0, 0, 0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0
   };
 
   // Pawn storm open file bonuses by file
-  const int16_t KStormOpenFileBonus[8] = { 45, 45, 30, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
+  const int16_t QStormOpenFileBonus[8] = { 31, 31, 18, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
-  const int16_t QStormOpenFileBonus[8] = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 30, 45, 30 };
+  const int16_t KStormOpenFileBonus[8] = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 26, 42, 26 };
 
   // Pawn storm lever bonuses by file
-  const int StormLeverBonus[8] = { 20, 20, 10, 0, 0, 10, 20, 20 };
+  const int StormLeverBonus[8] = { -8, -8, -13, 0, 0, -13, -8, -8 };
 
+  #undef S
 }
 
 
@@ -134,53 +108,52 @@ namespace {
 //// Functions
 ////
 
-/// Constructor
+/// PawnInfoTable c'tor and d'tor instantiated one each thread
 
-PawnInfoTable::PawnInfoTable(unsigned numOfEntries) {
+PawnInfoTable::PawnInfoTable(unsigned numOfEntries) : size(numOfEntries) {
 
-  size = numOfEntries;
   entries = new PawnInfo[size];
-  if (entries == NULL)
+  if (!entries)
   {
       std::cerr << "Failed to allocate " << (numOfEntries * sizeof(PawnInfo))
                 << " bytes for pawn hash table." << std::endl;
-      exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+      Application::exit_with_failure();
   }
-  clear();
 }
 
 
-/// Destructor
-
 PawnInfoTable::~PawnInfoTable() {
+
   delete [] entries;
 }
 
 
-/// PawnInfoTable::clear() clears the pawn hash table by setting all
+/// PawnInfo::clear() resets to zero the PawnInfo entry. Note that
-/// entries to 0.
+/// kingSquares[] is initialized to SQ_NONE instead.
 
-void PawnInfoTable::clear() {
+void PawnInfo::clear() {
-  memset(entries, 0, size * sizeof(PawnInfo));
+
+  memset(this, 0, sizeof(PawnInfo));
+  kingSquares[WHITE] = kingSquares[BLACK] = SQ_NONE;
 }
 
 
 /// PawnInfoTable::get_pawn_info() takes a position object as input, computes
-/// a PawnInfo object, and returns a pointer to it.  The result is also
+/// a PawnInfo object, and returns a pointer to it. The result is also stored
-/// stored in a hash table, so we don't have to recompute everything when
+/// in a hash table, so we don't have to recompute everything when the same
-/// the same pawn structure occurs again.
+/// pawn structure occurs again.
 
-PawnInfo *PawnInfoTable::get_pawn_info(const Position &pos) {
+PawnInfo* PawnInfoTable::get_pawn_info(const Position& pos) const {
 
   assert(pos.is_ok());
 
   Key key = pos.get_pawn_key();
   int index = int(key & (size - 1));
-  PawnInfo *pi = entries + index;
+  PawnInfo* pi = entries + index;
 
   // If pi->key matches the position's pawn hash key, it means that we
-  // have analysed this pawn structure before, and we can simply return the
+  // have analysed this pawn structure before, and we can simply return
-  // information we found the last time instead of recomputing it
+  // the information we found the last time instead of recomputing it.
   if (pi->key == key)
       return pi;
 
@@ -188,209 +161,189 @@ PawnInfo *PawnInfoTable::get_pawn_info(const Position &pos) {
   pi->clear();
   pi->key = key;
 
-  Value mgValue[2] = {Value(0), Value(0)};
+  // Calculate pawn attacks
-  Value egValue[2] = {Value(0), Value(0)};
+  Bitboard whitePawns = pos.pieces(PAWN, WHITE);
+  Bitboard blackPawns = pos.pieces(PAWN, BLACK);
+  pi->pawnAttacks[WHITE] = ((whitePawns << 9) & ~FileABB) | ((whitePawns << 7) & ~FileHBB);
+  pi->pawnAttacks[BLACK] = ((blackPawns >> 7) & ~FileABB) | ((blackPawns >> 9) & ~FileHBB);
 
-  // Loop through the pawns for both colors
+  // Evaluate pawns for both colors
-  for (Color us = WHITE; us <= BLACK; us++)
+  pi->value =  evaluate_pawns<WHITE>(pos, whitePawns, blackPawns, pi)
-  {
+             - evaluate_pawns<BLACK>(pos, blackPawns, whitePawns, pi);
-    Color them = opposite_color(us);
-    Bitboard ourPawns = pos.pawns(us);
-    Bitboard theirPawns = pos.pawns(them);
-    Bitboard pawns = ourPawns;
-    int bonus;
-
-    // Initialize pawn storm scores by giving bonuses for open files
-    for (File f = FILE_A; f <= FILE_H; f++)
-        if (pos.file_is_half_open(us, f))
-        {
-            pi->ksStormValue[us] += KStormOpenFileBonus[f];
-            pi->qsStormValue[us] += QStormOpenFileBonus[f];
-        }
-
-    // Loop through all pawns of the current color and score each pawn
-    while (pawns)
-    {
-        bool passed, doubled, isolated, backward, chain, candidate;
-        Square s = pop_1st_bit(&pawns);
-        File f = square_file(s);
-        Rank r = square_rank(s);
-
-        assert(pos.piece_on(s) == piece_of_color_and_type(us, PAWN));
-
-        // The file containing the pawn is not half open
-        pi->halfOpenFiles[us] &= ~(1 << f);
-
-        // Passed, isolated or doubled pawn?
-        passed = pos.pawn_is_passed(us, s);
-        isolated = pos.pawn_is_isolated(us, s);
-        doubled = pos.pawn_is_doubled(us, s);
-
-        // We calculate kingside and queenside pawn storm
-        // scores for both colors. These are used when evaluating
-        // middle game positions with opposite side castling.
-        //
-        // Each pawn is given a base score given by a piece square table
-        // (KStormTable[] or QStormTable[]). Pawns which seem to have good
-        // chances of creating an open file by exchanging itself against an
-        // enemy pawn on an adjacent file gets an additional bonus.
-
-        // Kingside pawn storms
-        bonus = KStormTable[relative_square(us, s)];
-        if (f >= FILE_F)
-        {
-            Bitboard b = outpost_mask(us, s) & theirPawns & (FileFBB | FileGBB | FileHBB);
-            while (b)
-            {
-                Square s2 = pop_1st_bit(&b);
-                if (!(theirPawns & neighboring_files_bb(s2) & rank_bb(s2)))
-                {
-                    // The enemy pawn has no pawn beside itself, which makes it
-                    // particularly vulnerable. Big bonus, especially against a
-                    // weakness on the rook file.
-                    if (square_file(s2) == FILE_H)
-                        bonus += 4*StormLeverBonus[f] - 8*square_distance(s, s2);
-                    else
-                        bonus += 2*StormLeverBonus[f] - 4*square_distance(s, s2);
-                } else
-                    // There is at least one enemy pawn beside the enemy pawn we look
-                    // at, which means that the pawn has somewhat better chances of
-                    // defending itself by advancing. Smaller bonus.
-                    bonus += StormLeverBonus[f] - 2*square_distance(s, s2);
-            }
-        }
-        pi->ksStormValue[us] += bonus;
-
-        // Queenside pawn storms
-        bonus = QStormTable[relative_square(us, s)];
-        if (f <= FILE_C)
-        {
-            Bitboard b = outpost_mask(us, s) & theirPawns & (FileABB | FileBBB | FileCBB);
-            while (b)
-            {
-                Square s2 = pop_1st_bit(&b);
-                if (!(theirPawns & neighboring_files_bb(s2) & rank_bb(s2)))
-                {
-                    // The enemy pawn has no pawn beside itself, which makes it
-                    // particularly vulnerable. Big bonus, especially against a
-                    // weakness on the rook file.
-                    if (square_file(s2) == FILE_A)
-                        bonus += 4*StormLeverBonus[f] - 16*square_distance(s, s2);
-                    else
-                        bonus += 2*StormLeverBonus[f] - 8*square_distance(s, s2);
-                } else
-                    // There is at least one enemy pawn beside the enemy pawn we look
-                    // at, which means that the pawn has somewhat better chances of
-                    // defending itself by advancing. Smaller bonus.
-                    bonus += StormLeverBonus[f] - 4*square_distance(s, s2);
-            }
-        }
-        pi->qsStormValue[us] += bonus;
-
-        // Member of a pawn chain (but not the backward one)? We could speed up
-        // the test a little by introducing an array of masks indexed by color
-        // and square for doing the test, but because everything is hashed,
-        // it probably won't make any noticable difference.
-        chain =  ourPawns
-               & neighboring_files_bb(f)
-               & (rank_bb(r) | rank_bb(r - (us == WHITE ? 1 : -1)));
-
-        // Test for backward pawn
-        //
-        // If the pawn is passed, isolated, or member of a pawn chain
-        // it cannot be backward. If can capture an enemy pawn or if
-        // there are friendly pawns behind on neighboring files it cannot
-        // be backward either.
-        if (   passed
-            || isolated
-            || chain
-            || (pos.pawn_attacks(us, s) & theirPawns)
-            || (ourPawns & behind_bb(us, r) & neighboring_files_bb(f)))
-            backward = false;
-        else
-        {
-            // We now know that there are no friendly pawns beside or behind this
-            // pawn on neighboring files. We now check whether the pawn is
-            // backward by looking in the forward direction on the neighboring
-            // files, and seeing whether we meet a friendly or an enemy pawn first.
-            Bitboard b;
-            if (us == WHITE)
-            {
-                for (b = pos.pawn_attacks(us, s); !(b & (ourPawns | theirPawns)); b <<= 8);
-                backward = (b | (b << 8)) & theirPawns;
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                for (b = pos.pawn_attacks(us, s); !(b & (ourPawns | theirPawns)); b >>= 8);
-                backward = (b | (b >> 8)) & theirPawns;
-            }
-        }
-
-        // Test for candidate passed pawn
-        candidate =    !passed
-                     && pos.file_is_half_open(them, f)
-                     && (  count_1s_max_15(neighboring_files_bb(f) & (behind_bb(us, r) | rank_bb(r)) & ourPawns)
-                         - count_1s_max_15(neighboring_files_bb(f) & in_front_bb(us, r)              & theirPawns)
-                         >= 0);
-
-        // In order to prevent doubled passed pawns from receiving a too big
-        // bonus, only the frontmost passed pawn on each file is considered as
-        // a true passed pawn.
-        if (passed && (ourPawns & squares_in_front_of(us, s)))
-        {
-            // candidate = true;
-            passed = false;
-        }
-
-        // Score this pawn
-        Value mv = Value(0), ev = Value(0);
-        if (isolated)
-        {
-            mv -= IsolatedPawnMidgamePenalty[f];
-            ev -= IsolatedPawnEndgamePenalty[f];
-            if (pos.file_is_half_open(them, f))
-            {
-                mv -= IsolatedPawnMidgamePenalty[f] / 2;
-                ev -= IsolatedPawnEndgamePenalty[f] / 2;
-            }
-        }
-        if (doubled)
-        {
-            mv -= DoubledPawnMidgamePenalty[f];
-            ev -= DoubledPawnEndgamePenalty[f];
-        }
-        if (backward)
-        {
-            mv -= BackwardPawnMidgamePenalty[f];
-            ev -= BackwardPawnEndgamePenalty[f];
-            if (pos.file_is_half_open(them, f))
-            {
-                mv -= BackwardPawnMidgamePenalty[f] / 2;
-                ev -= BackwardPawnEndgamePenalty[f] / 2;
-            }
-        }
-        if (chain)
-        {
-            mv += ChainMidgameBonus[f];
-            ev += ChainEndgameBonus[f];
-        }
-        if (candidate)
-        {
-            mv += CandidateMidgameBonus[relative_rank(us, s)];
-            ev += CandidateEndgameBonus[relative_rank(us, s)];
-        }
-
-        mgValue[us] += mv;
-        egValue[us] += ev;
-
-        // If the pawn is passed, set the square of the pawn in the passedPawns
-        // bitboard
-        if (passed)
-            set_bit(&(pi->passedPawns), s);
-    } // while(pawns)
-  } // for(colors)
-
-  pi->mgValue = int16_t(mgValue[WHITE] - mgValue[BLACK]);
-  pi->egValue = int16_t(egValue[WHITE] - egValue[BLACK]);
   return pi;
 }
+
+
+/// PawnInfoTable::evaluate_pawns() evaluates each pawn of the given color
+
+template<Color Us>
+Score PawnInfoTable::evaluate_pawns(const Position& pos, Bitboard ourPawns,
+                                    Bitboard theirPawns, PawnInfo* pi) const {
+  Bitboard b;
+  Square s;
+  File f;
+  Rank r;
+  int bonus;
+  bool passed, isolated, doubled, opposed, chain, backward, candidate;
+  Score value = make_score(0, 0);
+  const Square* ptr = pos.piece_list_begin(Us, PAWN);
+
+  // Initialize pawn storm scores by giving bonuses for open files
+  for (f = FILE_A; f <= FILE_H; f++)
+      if (!(ourPawns & file_bb(f)))
+      {
+          pi->ksStormValue[Us] += KStormOpenFileBonus[f];
+          pi->qsStormValue[Us] += QStormOpenFileBonus[f];
+          pi->halfOpenFiles[Us] |= (1 << f);
+      }
+
+  // Loop through all pawns of the current color and score each pawn
+  while ((s = *ptr++) != SQ_NONE)
+  {
+      f = square_file(s);
+      r = square_rank(s);
+
+      assert(pos.piece_on(s) == piece_of_color_and_type(Us, PAWN));
+
+      // Calculate kingside and queenside pawn storm scores for both colors to be
+      // used when evaluating middle game positions with opposite side castling.
+      bonus = (f >= FILE_F ? evaluate_pawn_storm<Us, KingSide>(s, r, f, theirPawns) : 0);
+      pi->ksStormValue[Us] += KStormTable[relative_square(Us, s)] + bonus;
+
+      bonus = (f <= FILE_C ? evaluate_pawn_storm<Us, QueenSide>(s, r, f, theirPawns) : 0);
+      pi->qsStormValue[Us] += QStormTable[relative_square(Us, s)] + bonus;
+
+      // Our rank plus previous one. Used for chain detection.
+      b = rank_bb(r) | rank_bb(r + (Us == WHITE ? -1 : 1));
+
+      // Passed, isolated, doubled or member of a pawn
+      // chain (but not the backward one) ?
+      passed   = !(theirPawns & passed_pawn_mask(Us, s));
+      doubled  =   ourPawns   & squares_behind(Us, s);
+      opposed  =   theirPawns & squares_in_front_of(Us, s);
+      isolated = !(ourPawns   & neighboring_files_bb(f));
+      chain    =   ourPawns   & neighboring_files_bb(f) & b;
+
+      // Test for backward pawn
+      //
+      // If the pawn is passed, isolated, or member of a pawn chain
+      // it cannot be backward. If can capture an enemy pawn or if
+      // there are friendly pawns behind on neighboring files it cannot
+      // be backward either.
+      if (   (passed | isolated | chain)
+          || (ourPawns & attack_span_mask(opposite_color(Us), s))
+          || (pos.attacks_from<PAWN>(s, Us) & theirPawns))
+          backward = false;
+      else
+      {
+          // We now know that there are no friendly pawns beside or behind this
+          // pawn on neighboring files. We now check whether the pawn is
+          // backward by looking in the forward direction on the neighboring
+          // files, and seeing whether we meet a friendly or an enemy pawn first.
+          b = pos.attacks_from<PAWN>(s, Us);
+
+          // Note that we are sure to find something because pawn is not passed
+          // nor isolated, so loop is potentially infinite, but it isn't.
+          while (!(b & (ourPawns | theirPawns)))
+              Us == WHITE ? b <<= 8 : b >>= 8;
+
+          // The friendly pawn needs to be at least two ranks closer than the enemy
+          // pawn in order to help the potentially backward pawn advance.
+          backward = (b | (Us == WHITE ? b << 8 : b >> 8)) & theirPawns;
+      }
+
+      assert(passed | opposed | (attack_span_mask(Us, s) & theirPawns));
+
+      // Test for candidate passed pawn
+      candidate =   !(opposed | passed)
+                 && (b = attack_span_mask(opposite_color(Us), s + pawn_push(Us)) & ourPawns) != EmptyBoardBB
+                 &&  count_1s_max_15(b) >= count_1s_max_15(attack_span_mask(Us, s) & theirPawns);
+
+      // In order to prevent doubled passed pawns from receiving a too big
+      // bonus, only the frontmost passed pawn on each file is considered as
+      // a true passed pawn.
+      if (passed && (ourPawns & squares_in_front_of(Us, s)))
+          passed = false;
+
+      // Mark the pawn as passed. Pawn will be properly scored in evaluation
+      // because we need full attack info to evaluate passed pawns.
+      if (passed)
+          set_bit(&(pi->passedPawns), s);
+
+      // Score this pawn
+      if (isolated)
+      {
+          value -= IsolatedPawnPenalty[f];
+          if (!(theirPawns & file_bb(f)))
+              value -= IsolatedPawnPenalty[f] / 2;
+      }
+      if (doubled)
+          value -= DoubledPawnPenalty[f];
+
+      if (backward)
+      {
+          value -= BackwardPawnPenalty[f];
+          if (!(theirPawns & file_bb(f)))
+              value -= BackwardPawnPenalty[f] / 2;
+      }
+      if (chain)
+          value += ChainBonus[f];
+
+      if (candidate)
+          value += CandidateBonus[relative_rank(Us, s)];
+  }
+
+  return value;
+}
+
+
+/// PawnInfoTable::evaluate_pawn_storm() evaluates each pawn which seems
+/// to have good chances of creating an open file by exchanging itself
+/// against an enemy pawn on an adjacent file.
+
+template<Color Us, PawnInfoTable::SideType Side>
+int PawnInfoTable::evaluate_pawn_storm(Square s, Rank r, File f, Bitboard theirPawns) const {
+
+  const Bitboard StormFilesBB = (Side == KingSide ? FileFBB | FileGBB | FileHBB
+                                                  : FileABB | FileBBB | FileCBB);
+  const int K = (Side == KingSide ? 2 : 4);
+  const File RookFile = (Side == KingSide ? FILE_H : FILE_A);
+
+  Bitboard b = attack_span_mask(Us, s) & theirPawns & StormFilesBB;
+  int bonus = 0;
+
+  while (b)
+  {
+      // Give a bonus according to the distance of the nearest enemy pawn
+      Square s2 = pop_1st_bit(&b);
+      Rank r2 = square_rank(s2);
+      int v = StormLeverBonus[f] - K * rank_distance(r, r2);
+
+      // If enemy pawn has no pawn beside itself is particularly vulnerable.
+      // Big bonus, especially against a weakness on the rook file
+      if (!(theirPawns & neighboring_files_bb(s2) & rank_bb(s2)))
+          v *= (square_file(s2) == RookFile ? 4 : 2);
+
+      bonus += v;
+  }
+  return bonus;
+}
+
+
+/// PawnInfo::updateShelter calculates and caches king shelter. It is called
+/// only when king square changes, about 20% of total get_king_shelter() calls.
+int PawnInfo::updateShelter(const Position& pos, Color c, Square ksq) {
+
+  Bitboard pawns = pos.pieces(PAWN, c) & this_and_neighboring_files_bb(ksq);
+  unsigned shelter = 0;
+  unsigned r = ksq & (7 << 3);
+
+  for (int i = 1, k = (c ? -8 : 8); i < 4; i++)
+  {
+      r += k;
+      shelter += BitCount8Bit[(pawns >> r) & 0xFF] * (128 >> i);
+  }
+  kingSquares[c] = ksq;
+  kingShelters[c] = shelter;
+  return shelter;
+}

src/pawns.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -33,9 +33,9 @@
 ////
 
 /// PawnInfo is a class which contains various information about a pawn
-/// structure.  Currently, it only includes a middle game and an end game
+/// structure. Currently, it only includes a middle game and an end game
-/// pawn structure evaluation, and a bitboard of passed pawns.  We may want
+/// pawn structure evaluation, and a bitboard of passed pawns. We may want
-/// to add further information in the future.  A lookup to the pawn hash table
+/// to add further information in the future. A lookup to the pawn hash table
 /// (performed by calling the get_pawn_info method in a PawnInfoTable object)
 /// returns a pointer to a PawnInfo object.
 class Position;
@@ -45,26 +45,32 @@ class PawnInfo {
   friend class PawnInfoTable;
 
 public:
-  Value mg_value() const;
+  PawnInfo() { clear(); }
-  Value eg_value() const;
+
+  Score pawns_value() const;
   Value kingside_storm_value(Color c) const;
   Value queenside_storm_value(Color c) const;
+  Bitboard pawn_attacks(Color c) const;
   Bitboard passed_pawns() const;
   int file_is_half_open(Color c, File f) const;
   int has_open_file_to_left(Color c, File f) const;
   int has_open_file_to_right(Color c, File f) const;
+  int get_king_shelter(const Position& pos, Color c, Square ksq);
 
 private:
   void clear();
+  int updateShelter(const Position& pos, Color c, Square ksq);
 
   Key key;
   Bitboard passedPawns;
-  int16_t mgValue, egValue;
+  Bitboard pawnAttacks[2];
+  Square kingSquares[2];
+  Score value;
   int16_t ksStormValue[2], qsStormValue[2];
   uint8_t halfOpenFiles[2];
+  uint8_t kingShelters[2];
 };
 
-
 /// The PawnInfoTable class represents a pawn hash table.  It is basically
 /// just an array of PawnInfo objects and a few methods for accessing these
 /// objects.  The most important method is get_pawn_info, which looks up a
@@ -72,13 +78,20 @@ private:
 
 class PawnInfoTable {
 
+  enum SideType { KingSide, QueenSide };
+
 public:
   PawnInfoTable(unsigned numOfEntries);
   ~PawnInfoTable();
-  void clear();
+  PawnInfo* get_pawn_info(const Position& pos) const;
-  PawnInfo* get_pawn_info(const Position& pos);
 
 private:
+  template<Color Us>
+  Score evaluate_pawns(const Position& pos, Bitboard ourPawns, Bitboard theirPawns, PawnInfo* pi) const;
+
+  template<Color Us, SideType Side>
+  int evaluate_pawn_storm(Square s, Rank r, File f, Bitboard theirPawns) const;
+
   unsigned size;
   PawnInfo* entries;
 };
@@ -88,18 +101,18 @@ private:
 //// Inline functions
 ////
 
-inline Value PawnInfo::mg_value() const {
+inline Score PawnInfo::pawns_value() const {
-  return Value(mgValue);
+  return value;
-}
-
-inline Value PawnInfo::eg_value() const {
-  return Value(egValue);
 }
 
 inline Bitboard PawnInfo::passed_pawns() const {
   return passedPawns;
 }
 
+inline Bitboard PawnInfo::pawn_attacks(Color c) const {
+  return pawnAttacks[c];
+}
+
 inline Value PawnInfo::kingside_storm_value(Color c) const {
   return Value(ksStormValue[c]);
 }
@@ -120,14 +133,8 @@ inline int PawnInfo::has_open_file_to_right(Color c, File f) const {
   return halfOpenFiles[c] & ~((1 << int(f+1)) - 1);
 }
 
-inline void PawnInfo::clear() {
+inline int PawnInfo::get_king_shelter(const Position& pos, Color c, Square ksq) {
-
+  return (kingSquares[c] == ksq ? kingShelters[c] : updateShelter(pos, c, ksq));
-  passedPawns = EmptyBoardBB;
-  mgValue = egValue = 0;
-  ksStormValue[WHITE] = ksStormValue[BLACK] = 0;
-  qsStormValue[WHITE] = qsStormValue[BLACK] = 0;
-  halfOpenFiles[WHITE] = halfOpenFiles[BLACK] = 0xFF;
 }
 
-
 #endif // !defined(PAWNS_H_INCLUDED)

src/piece.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ static const string PieceChars(" pnbrqk PNBRQK");
 
 char piece_type_to_char(PieceType pt, bool upcase) {
 
-  return PieceChars[pt + upcase * 7];
+  return PieceChars[pt + int(upcase) * 7];
 }
 
 PieceType piece_type_from_char(char c) {

src/piece.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -83,10 +83,6 @@ inline int piece_is_slider(Piece p) {
   return SlidingArray[int(p)];
 }
 
-inline int piece_is_slider(PieceType pt) {
-  return SlidingArray[int(pt)];
-}
-
 inline SquareDelta pawn_push(Color c) {
     return (c == WHITE ? DELTA_N : DELTA_S);
 }

src/position.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #if !defined(POSITION_H_INCLUDED)
 #define POSITION_H_INCLUDED
 
-// Disable a silly and noisy warning from MSVC compiler
+// Disable some silly and noisy warning from MSVC compiler
 #if defined(_MSC_VER)
 
 // Forcing value to bool 'true' or 'false' (performance warning)
@@ -50,13 +50,12 @@
 //// Constants
 ////
 
-/// FEN string for the initial position:
+/// FEN string for the initial position
-const std::string StartPosition =
+const std::string StartPosition = "rnbqkbnr/pppppppp/8/8/8/8/PPPPPPPP/RNBQKBNR w KQkq - 0 1";
-  "rnbqkbnr/pppppppp/8/8/8/8/PPPPPPPP/RNBQKBNR w KQkq - 0 1";
 
 /// Maximum number of plies per game (220 should be enough, because the
 /// maximum search depth is 100, and during position setup we reset the
-/// move counter for every non-reversible move):
+/// move counter for every non-reversible move).
 const int MaxGameLength = 220;
 
 
@@ -64,14 +63,26 @@ const int MaxGameLength = 220;
 //// Types
 ////
 
+/// struct checkInfo is initialized at c'tor time and keeps
+/// info used to detect if a move gives check.
+
+struct CheckInfo {
+
+    CheckInfo(const Position&);
+
+    Bitboard dcCandidates;
+    Bitboard checkSq[8];
+    Square ksq;
+};
+
 /// Castle rights, encoded as bit fields
 
 enum CastleRights {
-  NO_CASTLES = 0,
+  NO_CASTLES  = 0,
-  WHITE_OO = 1,
+  WHITE_OO    = 1,
-  BLACK_OO = 2,
+  BLACK_OO    = 2,
-  WHITE_OOO = 4,
+  WHITE_OOO   = 4,
-  BLACK_OOO = 8,
+  BLACK_OOO   = 8,
   ALL_CASTLES = 15
 };
 
@@ -88,38 +99,38 @@ enum Phase {
 /// must be passed as a parameter.
 
 struct StateInfo {
-  Key key, pawnKey, materialKey;
+  Key pawnKey, materialKey;
-  int castleRights, rule50;
+  int castleRights, rule50, gamePly, pliesFromNull;
   Square epSquare;
-  Value mgValue, egValue;
+  Score value;
+  Value npMaterial[2];
 
   PieceType capture;
+  Key key;
   Bitboard checkersBB;
-  Move lastMove;
   StateInfo* previous;
 };
 
 
-/// The position data structure.  A position consists of the following data:
+/// The position data structure. A position consists of the following data:
 ///
 ///    * For each piece type, a bitboard representing the squares occupied
 ///      by pieces of that type.
-///    * For each color, a bitboard representing the squares occupiecd by
+///    * For each color, a bitboard representing the squares occupied by
 ///      pieces of that color.
 ///    * A bitboard of all occupied squares.
 ///    * A bitboard of all checking pieces.
 ///    * A 64-entry array of pieces, indexed by the squares of the board.
 ///    * The current side to move.
 ///    * Information about the castling rights for both sides.
-///    * The initial files of the kings and both pairs of rooks.  This is
+///    * The initial files of the kings and both pairs of rooks. This is
 ///      used to implement the Chess960 castling rules.
 ///    * The en passant square (which is SQ_NONE if no en passant capture is
 ///      possible).
 ///    * The squares of the kings for both sides.
-///    * The last move played.
 ///    * Hash keys for the position itself, the current pawn structure, and
 ///      the current material situation.
-///    * Hash keys for all previous positions in the game (for detecting
+///    * Hash keys for all previous positions in the game for detecting
 ///      repetition draws.
 ///    * A counter for detecting 50 move rule draws.
 
@@ -128,11 +139,19 @@ class Position {
   friend class MaterialInfo;
   friend class EndgameFunctions;
 
-public:
+  Position(); // No default or copy c'tor allowed
-  // Constructors
-  Position() {};
   Position(const Position& pos);
-  Position(const std::string& fen);
+
+public:
+  enum GamePhase {
+      MidGame,
+      EndGame
+  };
+
+  // Constructors
+  explicit Position(int threadID);
+  Position(const Position& pos, int threadID);
+  Position(const std::string& fen, int threadID);
 
   // Text input/output
   void from_fen(const std::string& fen);
@@ -140,8 +159,7 @@ public:
   void print(Move m = MOVE_NONE) const;
 
   // Copying
-  void copy(const Position &pos);
+  void flipped_copy(const Position& pos);
-  void flipped_copy(const Position &pos);
 
   // The piece on a given square
   Piece piece_on(Square s) const;
@@ -159,26 +177,10 @@ public:
   Bitboard empty_squares() const;
   Bitboard occupied_squares() const;
   Bitboard pieces_of_color(Color c) const;
-  Bitboard pieces_of_type(PieceType pt) const;
+  Bitboard pieces(PieceType pt) const;
-  Bitboard pieces_of_color_and_type(Color c, PieceType pt) const;
+  Bitboard pieces(PieceType pt, Color c) const;
-  Bitboard pawns() const;
+  Bitboard pieces(PieceType pt1, PieceType pt2) const;
-  Bitboard knights() const;
+  Bitboard pieces(PieceType pt1, PieceType pt2, Color c) const;
-  Bitboard bishops() const;
-  Bitboard rooks() const;
-  Bitboard queens() const;
-  Bitboard kings() const;
-  Bitboard rooks_and_queens() const;
-  Bitboard bishops_and_queens() const;
-  Bitboard sliders() const;
-  Bitboard pawns(Color c) const;
-  Bitboard knights(Color c) const;
-  Bitboard bishops(Color c) const;
-  Bitboard rooks(Color c) const;
-  Bitboard queens(Color c) const;
-  Bitboard kings(Color c) const;
-  Bitboard rooks_and_queens(Color c) const;
-  Bitboard bishops_and_queens(Color c) const;
-  Bitboard sliders_of_color(Color c) const;
 
   // Number of pieces of each color and type
   int piece_count(Color c, PieceType pt) const;
@@ -196,65 +198,47 @@ public:
   Square initial_kr_square(Color c) const;
   Square initial_qr_square(Color c) const;
 
-  // Attack bitboards
-  Bitboard sliding_attacks(Square s, Direction d) const;
-  Bitboard ray_attacks(Square s, SignedDirection d) const;
-  Bitboard pawn_attacks(Color c, Square s) const;
-
-  template<PieceType>
-  Bitboard piece_attacks(Square s) const;
-
   // Bitboards for pinned pieces and discovered check candidates
   Bitboard discovered_check_candidates(Color c) const;
-  Bitboard pinned_pieces(Color c, Bitboard& p) const;
   Bitboard pinned_pieces(Color c) const;
 
-  // Checking pieces
+  // Checking pieces and under check information
   Bitboard checkers() const;
+  bool is_check() const;
 
   // Piece lists
   Square piece_list(Color c, PieceType pt, int index) const;
+  const Square* piece_list_begin(Color c, PieceType pt) const;
 
-  // Attack information for a given square
+  // Information about attacks to or from a given square
-  bool square_is_attacked(Square s, Color c) const;
+  Bitboard attackers_to(Square s) const;
-  Bitboard attacks_to(Square s) const;
+  Bitboard attacks_from(Piece p, Square s) const;
-  Bitboard attacks_to(Square s, Color c) const;
+  template<PieceType> Bitboard attacks_from(Square s) const;
-  bool is_check() const;
+  template<PieceType> Bitboard attacks_from(Square s, Color c) const;
-  bool pawn_attacks_square(Color c, Square f, Square t) const;
-
-  template<PieceType>
-  Bitboard piece_attacks_square(Square f, Square t) const; // Dispatch at compile-time
-
-  bool piece_attacks_square(Piece p, Square f, Square t) const; // Dispatch at run-time
 
   // Properties of moves
-  bool pl_move_is_legal(Move m) const;
   bool pl_move_is_legal(Move m, Bitboard pinned) const;
+  bool pl_move_is_evasion(Move m, Bitboard pinned) const;
   bool move_is_check(Move m) const;
-  bool move_is_check(Move m, Bitboard dcCandidates) const;
+  bool move_is_check(Move m, const CheckInfo& ci) const;
   bool move_is_capture(Move m) const;
-  bool move_is_deep_pawn_push(Move m) const;
+  bool move_is_capture_or_promotion(Move m) const;
-  bool move_is_pawn_push_to_7th(Move m) const;
   bool move_is_passed_pawn_push(Move m) const;
-  bool move_was_passed_pawn_push(Move m) const;
   bool move_attacks_square(Move m, Square s) const;
 
+  // Piece captured with previous moves
+  PieceType captured_piece() const;
+
   // Information about pawns
   bool pawn_is_passed(Color c, Square s) const;
-  bool pawn_is_isolated(Color c, Square s) const;
-  bool pawn_is_doubled(Color c, Square s) const;
-
-  // Open and half-open files
-  bool file_is_open(File f) const;
-  bool file_is_half_open(Color c, File f) const;
 
   // Weak squares
   bool square_is_weak(Square s, Color c) const;
 
   // Doing and undoing moves
-  void setStartState(const StateInfo& st);
+  void detach();
   void do_move(Move m, StateInfo& st);
-  void do_move(Move m, StateInfo& st, Bitboard dcCandidates);
+  void do_move(Move m, StateInfo& st, const CheckInfo& ci, bool moveIsCheck);
   void undo_move(Move m);
   void do_null_move(StateInfo& st);
   void undo_null_move();
@@ -263,18 +247,18 @@ public:
   int see(Square from, Square to) const;
   int see(Move m) const;
   int see(Square to) const;
+  int see_sign(Move m) const;
 
   // Accessing hash keys
   Key get_key() const;
+  Key get_exclusion_key() const;
   Key get_pawn_key() const;
   Key get_material_key() const;
 
   // Incremental evaluation
-  Value mg_value() const;
+  Score value() const;
-  Value eg_value() const;
   Value non_pawn_material(Color c) const;
-  Phase game_phase() const;
+  Score pst_delta(Piece piece, Square from, Square to) const;
-  Value mg_pst_delta(Move m) const;
 
   // Game termination checks
   bool is_mate() const;
@@ -290,13 +274,16 @@ public:
   bool opposite_colored_bishops() const;
   bool has_pawn_on_7th(Color c) const;
 
+  // Current thread ID searching on the position
+  int thread() const;
+
   // Reset the gamePly variable to 0
   void reset_game_ply();
 
   // Position consistency check, for debugging
   bool is_ok(int* failedStep = NULL) const;
 
-  // Static member functions:
+  // Static member functions
   static void init_zobrist();
   static void init_piece_square_tables();
 
@@ -309,18 +296,11 @@ private:
   void allow_ooo(Color c);
 
   // Helper functions for doing and undoing moves
-  void do_capture_move(PieceType capture, Color them, Square to);
+  void do_capture_move(Key& key, PieceType capture, Color them, Square to, bool ep);
   void do_castle_move(Move m);
-  void do_promotion_move(Move m);
-  void do_ep_move(Move m);
   void undo_castle_move(Move m);
-  void undo_promotion_move(Move m);
-  void undo_ep_move(Move m);
   void find_checkers();
 
-  template<PieceType Piece>
-  void update_checkers(Bitboard* pCheckersBB, Square ksq, Square from, Square to, Bitboard dcCandidates);
-
   template<bool FindPinned>
   Bitboard hidden_checkers(Color c) const;
 
@@ -330,46 +310,39 @@ private:
   Key compute_material_key() const;
 
   // Computing incremental evaluation scores and material counts
-  enum GamePhase {
+  Score pst(Color c, PieceType pt, Square s) const;
-      MidGame,
+  Score compute_value() const;
-      EndGame
-  };
-  template<GamePhase> Value pst(Color c, PieceType pt, Square s) const;
-  template<GamePhase> Value compute_value() const;
   Value compute_non_pawn_material(Color c) const;
 
-  // Bitboards
-  Bitboard byColorBB[2], byTypeBB[8];
-
   // Board
   Piece board[64];
 
+  // Bitboards
+  Bitboard byTypeBB[8], byColorBB[2];
+
   // Piece counts
   int pieceCount[2][8]; // [color][pieceType]
 
   // Piece lists
   Square pieceList[2][8][16]; // [color][pieceType][index]
-  int index[64];
+  int index[64]; // [square]
 
   // Other info
-  Square kingSquare[2];
   Color sideToMove;
-  int gamePly;
   Key history[MaxGameLength];
-  Value npMaterial[2];
+  int castleRightsMask[64];
-  File initialKFile, initialKRFile, initialQRFile;
   StateInfo startState;
+  File initialKFile, initialKRFile, initialQRFile;
+  int threadID;
   StateInfo* st;
 
   // Static variables
-  static int castleRightsMask[64];
   static Key zobrist[2][8][64];
   static Key zobEp[64];
   static Key zobCastle[16];
-  static Key zobMaterial[2][8][16];
   static Key zobSideToMove;
-  static Value MgPieceSquareTable[16][64];
+  static Score PieceSquareTable[16][64];
-  static Value EgPieceSquareTable[16][64];
+  static Key zobExclusion;
 };
 
 
@@ -421,92 +394,32 @@ inline Bitboard Position::pieces_of_color(Color c) const {
   return byColorBB[c];
 }
 
-inline Bitboard Position::pieces_of_type(PieceType pt) const {
+inline Bitboard Position::pieces(PieceType pt) const {
   return byTypeBB[pt];
 }
 
-inline Bitboard Position::pieces_of_color_and_type(Color c, PieceType pt) const {
+inline Bitboard Position::pieces(PieceType pt, Color c) const {
-  return pieces_of_color(c) & pieces_of_type(pt);
+  return byTypeBB[pt] & byColorBB[c];
 }
 
-inline Bitboard Position::pawns() const {
+inline Bitboard Position::pieces(PieceType pt1, PieceType pt2) const {
-  return pieces_of_type(PAWN);
+  return byTypeBB[pt1] | byTypeBB[pt2];
 }
 
-inline Bitboard Position::knights() const {
+inline Bitboard Position::pieces(PieceType pt1, PieceType pt2, Color c) const {
-  return pieces_of_type(KNIGHT);
+  return (byTypeBB[pt1] | byTypeBB[pt2]) & byColorBB[c];
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::bishops() const {
-  return pieces_of_type(BISHOP);
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::rooks() const {
-  return pieces_of_type(ROOK);
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::queens() const {
-  return pieces_of_type(QUEEN);
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::kings() const {
-  return pieces_of_type(KING);
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::rooks_and_queens() const {
-  return rooks() | queens();
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::bishops_and_queens() const {
-  return bishops() | queens();
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::sliders() const {
-  return bishops() | queens() | rooks();
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::pawns(Color c) const {
-  return pieces_of_color_and_type(c, PAWN);
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::knights(Color c) const {
-  return pieces_of_color_and_type(c, KNIGHT);
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::bishops(Color c) const {
-  return pieces_of_color_and_type(c, BISHOP);
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::rooks(Color c) const {
-  return pieces_of_color_and_type(c, ROOK);
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::queens(Color c) const {
-  return pieces_of_color_and_type(c, QUEEN);
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::kings(Color c) const {
-  return pieces_of_color_and_type(c, KING);
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::rooks_and_queens(Color c) const {
-  return rooks_and_queens() & pieces_of_color(c);
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::bishops_and_queens(Color c) const {
-  return bishops_and_queens() & pieces_of_color(c);
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::sliders_of_color(Color c) const {
-  return sliders() & pieces_of_color(c);
 }
 
 inline int Position::piece_count(Color c, PieceType pt) const {
   return pieceCount[c][pt];
 }
 
-inline Square Position::piece_list(Color c, PieceType pt, int index) const {
+inline Square Position::piece_list(Color c, PieceType pt, int idx) const {
-  return pieceList[c][pt][index];
+  return pieceList[c][pt][idx];
+}
+
+inline const Square* Position::piece_list_begin(Color c, PieceType pt) const {
+  return pieceList[c][pt];
 }
 
 inline Square Position::ep_square() const {
@@ -514,7 +427,7 @@ inline Square Position::ep_square() const {
 }
 
 inline Square Position::king_square(Color c) const {
-  return kingSquare[c];
+  return pieceList[c][KING][0];
 }
 
 inline bool Position::can_castle_kingside(Color side) const {
@@ -537,38 +450,29 @@ inline Square Position::initial_qr_square(Color c) const {
   return relative_square(c, make_square(initialQRFile, RANK_1));
 }
 
-inline Bitboard Position::pawn_attacks(Color c, Square s) const {
+template<>
+inline Bitboard Position::attacks_from<PAWN>(Square s, Color c) const {
   return StepAttackBB[piece_of_color_and_type(c, PAWN)][s];
 }
 
-template<>
+template<PieceType Piece> // Knight and King and white pawns
-inline Bitboard Position::piece_attacks<PAWN>(Square s) const {
+inline Bitboard Position::attacks_from(Square s) const {
-  return StepAttackBB[piece_of_color_and_type(opposite_color(sideToMove), PAWN)][s];
+  return StepAttackBB[Piece][s];
 }
 
 template<>
-inline Bitboard Position::piece_attacks<KNIGHT>(Square s) const {
+inline Bitboard Position::attacks_from<BISHOP>(Square s) const {
-  return StepAttackBB[KNIGHT][s];
-}
-
-template<>
-inline Bitboard Position::piece_attacks<BISHOP>(Square s) const {
   return bishop_attacks_bb(s, occupied_squares());
 }
 
 template<>
-inline Bitboard Position::piece_attacks<ROOK>(Square s) const {
+inline Bitboard Position::attacks_from<ROOK>(Square s) const {
   return rook_attacks_bb(s, occupied_squares());
 }
 
 template<>
-inline Bitboard Position::piece_attacks<QUEEN>(Square s) const {
+inline Bitboard Position::attacks_from<QUEEN>(Square s) const {
-  return piece_attacks<ROOK>(s) | piece_attacks<BISHOP>(s);
+  return attacks_from<ROOK>(s) | attacks_from<BISHOP>(s);
-}
-
-template<>
-inline Bitboard Position::piece_attacks<KING>(Square s) const {
-  return StepAttackBB[KING][s];
 }
 
 inline Bitboard Position::checkers() const {
@@ -579,53 +483,22 @@ inline bool Position::is_check() const {
   return st->checkersBB != EmptyBoardBB;
 }
 
-inline bool Position::pawn_attacks_square(Color c, Square f, Square t) const {
-  return bit_is_set(pawn_attacks(c, f), t);
-}
-
-template<PieceType Piece>
-Bitboard Position::piece_attacks_square(Square f, Square t) const {
-  return bit_is_set(piece_attacks<Piece>(f), t);
-}
-
-inline Bitboard Position::attacks_to(Square s, Color c) const {
-
-  return attacks_to(s) & pieces_of_color(c);
-}
-
-inline bool Position::square_is_attacked(Square s, Color c) const {
-
-  return attacks_to(s, c) != EmptyBoardBB;
-}
-
 inline bool Position::pawn_is_passed(Color c, Square s) const {
-  return !(pawns(opposite_color(c)) & passed_pawn_mask(c, s));
+  return !(pieces(PAWN, opposite_color(c)) & passed_pawn_mask(c, s));
-}
-
-inline bool Position::pawn_is_isolated(Color c, Square s) const {
-  return !(pawns(c) & neighboring_files_bb(s));
-}
-
-inline bool Position::pawn_is_doubled(Color c, Square s) const {
-  return pawns(c) & squares_behind(c, s);
-}
-
-inline bool Position::file_is_open(File f) const {
-  return !(pawns() & file_bb(f));
-}
-
-inline bool Position::file_is_half_open(Color c, File f) const {
-  return !(pawns(c) & file_bb(f));
 }
 
 inline bool Position::square_is_weak(Square s, Color c) const {
-  return !(pawns(c) & outpost_mask(opposite_color(c), s));
+  return !(pieces(PAWN, opposite_color(c)) & attack_span_mask(c, s));
 }
 
 inline Key Position::get_key() const {
   return st->key;
 }
 
+inline Key Position::get_exclusion_key() const {
+  return st->key ^ zobExclusion;
+}
+
 inline Key Position::get_pawn_key() const {
   return st->pawnKey;
 }
@@ -634,57 +507,20 @@ inline Key Position::get_material_key() const {
   return st->materialKey;
 }
 
-template<Position::GamePhase Phase>
+inline Score Position::pst(Color c, PieceType pt, Square s) const {
-inline Value Position::pst(Color c, PieceType pt, Square s) const {
+  return PieceSquareTable[piece_of_color_and_type(c, pt)][s];
-  return (Phase == MidGame ? MgPieceSquareTable[piece_of_color_and_type(c, pt)][s]
-                           : EgPieceSquareTable[piece_of_color_and_type(c, pt)][s]);
 }
 
-inline Value Position::mg_pst_delta(Move m) const {
+inline Score Position::pst_delta(Piece piece, Square from, Square to) const {
-  return MgPieceSquareTable[piece_on(move_from(m))][move_to(m)]
+  return PieceSquareTable[piece][to] - PieceSquareTable[piece][from];
-        -MgPieceSquareTable[piece_on(move_from(m))][move_from(m)];
 }
 
-inline Value Position::mg_value() const {
+inline Score Position::value() const {
-  return st->mgValue;
+  return st->value;
-}
-
-inline Value Position::eg_value() const {
-  return st->egValue;
 }
 
 inline Value Position::non_pawn_material(Color c) const {
-  return npMaterial[c];
+  return st->npMaterial[c];
-}
-
-inline Phase Position::game_phase() const {
-
-  // Values modified by Joona Kiiski
-  static const Value MidgameLimit = Value(15713);
-  static const Value EndgameLimit = Value(4428);
-
-  Value npm = non_pawn_material(WHITE) + non_pawn_material(BLACK);
-
-  if (npm >= MidgameLimit)
-      return PHASE_MIDGAME;
-  else if(npm <= EndgameLimit)
-      return PHASE_ENDGAME;
-  else
-      return Phase(((npm - EndgameLimit) * 128) / (MidgameLimit - EndgameLimit));
-}
-
-inline bool Position::move_is_deep_pawn_push(Move m) const {
-
-  Color c = side_to_move();
-  return   piece_on(move_from(m)) == piece_of_color_and_type(c, PAWN)
-        && relative_rank(c, move_to(m)) > RANK_4;
-}
-
-inline bool Position::move_is_pawn_push_to_7th(Move m) const {
-
-  Color c = side_to_move();
-  return   piece_on(move_from(m)) == piece_of_color_and_type(c, PAWN)
-        && relative_rank(c, move_to(m)) == RANK_7;
 }
 
 inline bool Position::move_is_passed_pawn_push(Move m) const {
@@ -694,13 +530,6 @@ inline bool Position::move_is_passed_pawn_push(Move m) const {
         && pawn_is_passed(c, move_to(m));
 }
 
-inline bool Position::move_was_passed_pawn_push(Move m) const {
-
-  Color c = opposite_color(side_to_move());
-  return   piece_on(move_to(m)) == piece_of_color_and_type(c, PAWN)
-        && pawn_is_passed(c, move_to(m));
-}
-
 inline int Position::rule_50_counter() const {
 
   return st->rule50;
@@ -715,17 +544,27 @@ inline bool Position::opposite_colored_bishops() const {
 
 inline bool Position::has_pawn_on_7th(Color c) const {
 
-  return pawns(c) & relative_rank_bb(c, RANK_7);
+  return pieces(PAWN, c) & relative_rank_bb(c, RANK_7);
 }
 
 inline bool Position::move_is_capture(Move m) const {
 
   // Move must not be MOVE_NONE !
+  return (m & (3 << 15)) ? !move_is_castle(m) : !square_is_empty(move_to(m));
+}
 
-  return (   !square_is_empty(move_to(m))
+inline bool Position::move_is_capture_or_promotion(Move m) const {
-          && (color_of_piece_on(move_to(m)) != color_of_piece_on(move_from(m)))
+
-         )
+  // Move must not be MOVE_NONE !
-         || move_is_ep(m);
+  return (m & (0x1F << 12)) ? !move_is_castle(m) : !square_is_empty(move_to(m));
+}
+
+inline PieceType Position::captured_piece() const {
+  return st->capture;
+}
+
+inline int Position::thread() const {
+  return threadID;
 }
 
 #endif // !defined(POSITION_H_INCLUDED)

src/psqtab.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 
 
 ////
-//// Variables
+//// Constants modified by Joona Kiiski
 ////
 
 static const Value MP = PawnValueMidgame;
@@ -41,70 +41,70 @@ static const Value MQ = QueenValueMidgame;
 static const int MgPST[][64] = {
   { },
   {// Pawn
-   // A      B      C      D      E      F      G      H
+   // A      B      C     D      E      F      G     H
-        0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,
+        0,    0,     0,     0,     0,     0,    0,     0,
-    MP-38, MP-12, MP- 0, MP+12, MP+12, MP- 0, MP-12, MP-38,
+    MP-28, MP-6, MP+ 4, MP+14, MP+14, MP+ 4, MP-6, MP-28,
-    MP-38, MP-12, MP+ 6, MP+38, MP+38, MP+ 6, MP-12, MP-38,
+    MP-28, MP-6, MP+ 9, MP+36, MP+36, MP+ 9, MP-6, MP-28,
-    MP-38, MP-12, MP+16, MP+64, MP+64, MP+16, MP-12, MP-38,
+    MP-28, MP-6, MP+17, MP+58, MP+58, MP+17, MP-6, MP-28,
-    MP-38, MP-12, MP+16, MP+38, MP+38, MP+16, MP-12, MP-38,
+    MP-28, MP-6, MP+17, MP+36, MP+36, MP+17, MP-6, MP-28,
-    MP-38, MP-12, MP+ 6, MP+12, MP+12, MP+ 6, MP-12, MP-38,
+    MP-28, MP-6, MP+ 9, MP+14, MP+14, MP+ 9, MP-6, MP-28,
-    MP-38, MP-12, MP- 0, MP+12, MP+12, MP- 0, MP-12, MP-38,
+    MP-28, MP-6, MP+ 4, MP+14, MP+14, MP+ 4, MP-6, MP-28,
-        0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0,     0
+        0,    0,     0,     0,     0,     0,    0,     0
   },
   {// Knight
    //  A      B       C      D      E      F      G       H
-    MK-128, MK-102, MK-76, MK-64, MK-64, MK-76, MK-102, MK-128,
+    MK-135, MK-107, MK-80, MK-67, MK-67, MK-80, MK-107, MK-135,
-    MK- 89, MK- 64, MK-38, MK-25, MK-25, MK-38, MK- 64, MK- 89,
+    MK- 93, MK- 67, MK-39, MK-25, MK-25, MK-39, MK- 67, MK- 93,
-    MK- 51, MK- 25, MK- 0, MK+12, MK+12, MK- 0, MK- 25, MK- 51,
+    MK- 53, MK- 25, MK+ 1, MK+13, MK+13, MK+ 1, MK- 25, MK- 53,
-    MK- 25, MK-  0, MK+25, MK+38, MK+38, MK+25, MK-  0, MK- 25,
+    MK- 25, MK+  1, MK+27, MK+41, MK+41, MK+27, MK+  1, MK- 25,
-    MK- 12, MK+ 12, MK+38, MK+51, MK+51, MK+38, MK+ 12, MK- 12,
+    MK- 11, MK+ 13, MK+41, MK+55, MK+55, MK+41, MK+ 13, MK- 11,
-    MK- 12, MK+ 12, MK+38, MK+51, MK+51, MK+38, MK+ 12, MK- 12,
+    MK- 11, MK+ 13, MK+41, MK+55, MK+55, MK+41, MK+ 13, MK- 11,
-    MK- 51, MK- 25, MK- 0, MK+12, MK+12, MK- 0, MK- 25, MK- 51,
+    MK- 53, MK- 25, MK+ 1, MK+13, MK+13, MK+ 1, MK- 25, MK- 53,
-    MK-182, MK- 64, MK-38, MK-25, MK-25, MK-38, MK- 64, MK-182
+    MK-193, MK- 67, MK-39, MK-25, MK-25, MK-39, MK- 67, MK-193
   },
   {// Bishop
    // A      B      C      D      E      F      G      H
-    MB-46, MB-46, MB-40, MB-35, MB-35, MB-40, MB-46, MB-46,
+    MB-40, MB-40, MB-35, MB-30, MB-30, MB-35, MB-40, MB-40,
-    MB-20, MB- 0, MB- 5, MB- 0, MB- 0, MB- 5, MB- 0, MB-20,
+    MB-17, MB+ 0, MB- 4, MB+ 0, MB+ 0, MB- 4, MB+ 0, MB-17,
-    MB-15, MB- 5, MB+10, MB+ 5, MB+ 5, MB+10, MB- 5, MB-15,
+    MB-13, MB- 4, MB+ 8, MB+ 4, MB+ 4, MB+ 8, MB- 4, MB-13,
-    MB-10, MB- 0, MB+ 5, MB+20, MB+20, MB+ 5, MB- 0, MB-10,
+    MB- 8, MB+ 0, MB+ 4, MB+17, MB+17, MB+ 4, MB+ 0, MB- 8,
-    MB-10, MB- 0, MB+ 5, MB+20, MB+20, MB+ 5, MB- 0, MB-10,
+    MB- 8, MB+ 0, MB+ 4, MB+17, MB+17, MB+ 4, MB+ 0, MB- 8,
-    MB-15, MB- 5, MB+10, MB+ 5, MB+ 5, MB+10, MB- 5, MB-15,
+    MB-13, MB- 4, MB+ 8, MB+ 4, MB+ 4, MB+ 8, MB- 4, MB-13,
-    MB-20, MB- 0, MB- 5, MB- 0, MB- 0, MB- 5, MB- 0, MB-20,
+    MB-17, MB+ 0, MB- 4, MB+ 0, MB+ 0, MB- 4, MB+ 0, MB-17,
-    MB-20, MB-20, MB-15, MB-10, MB-10, MB-15, MB-20, MB-20
+    MB-17, MB-17, MB-13, MB- 8, MB- 8, MB-13, MB-17, MB-17
   },
   {// Rook
-   // A      B      C     D     E     F     G      H
+   // A      B     C     D     E     F     G     H
-    MR-18, MR-10, MR-3, MR+4, MR+4, MR-3, MR-10, MR-18,
+    MR-12, MR-7, MR-2, MR+2, MR+2, MR-2, MR-7, MR-12,
-    MR-18, MR-10, MR-3, MR+4, MR+4, MR-3, MR-10, MR-18,
+    MR-12, MR-7, MR-2, MR+2, MR+2, MR-2, MR-7, MR-12,
-    MR-18, MR-10, MR-3, MR+4, MR+4, MR-3, MR-10, MR-18,
+    MR-12, MR-7, MR-2, MR+2, MR+2, MR-2, MR-7, MR-12,
-    MR-18, MR-10, MR-3, MR+4, MR+4, MR-3, MR-10, MR-18,
+    MR-12, MR-7, MR-2, MR+2, MR+2, MR-2, MR-7, MR-12,
-    MR-18, MR-10, MR-3, MR+4, MR+4, MR-3, MR-10, MR-18,
+    MR-12, MR-7, MR-2, MR+2, MR+2, MR-2, MR-7, MR-12,
-    MR-18, MR-10, MR-3, MR+4, MR+4, MR-3, MR-10, MR-18,
+    MR-12, MR-7, MR-2, MR+2, MR+2, MR-2, MR-7, MR-12,
-    MR-18, MR-10, MR-3, MR+4, MR+4, MR-3, MR-10, MR-18,
+    MR-12, MR-7, MR-2, MR+2, MR+2, MR-2, MR-7, MR-12,
-    MR-18, MR-10, MR-3, MR+4, MR+4, MR-3, MR-10, MR-18
+    MR-12, MR-7, MR-2, MR+2, MR+2, MR-2, MR-7, MR-12
   },
   {// Queen
-   //A   B   C   D   E   F   G   H
+   // A     B     C     D     E     F     G     H
-    MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ,
+    MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8,
-    MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ,
+    MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8,
-    MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ,
+    MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8,
-    MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ,
+    MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8,
-    MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ,
+    MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8,
-    MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ,
+    MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8,
-    MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ,
+    MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8,
-    MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ, MQ
+    MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8, MQ+8
   },
   {// King
    //A    B    C    D    E    F    G    H
-    302, 328, 276, 225, 225, 276, 328, 302,
+    287, 311, 262, 214, 214, 262, 311, 287,
-    276, 302, 251, 200, 200, 251, 302, 276,
+    262, 287, 238, 190, 190, 238, 287, 262,
-    225, 251, 200, 149, 149, 200, 251, 225,
+    214, 238, 190, 142, 142, 190, 238, 214,
-    200, 225, 175, 124, 124, 175, 225, 200,
+    190, 214, 167, 119, 119, 167, 214, 190,
-    175, 200, 149,  98,  98, 149, 200, 175,
+    167, 190, 142,  94,  94, 142, 190, 167,
-    149, 175, 124,  72,  72, 124, 175, 149,
+    142, 167, 119,  69,  69, 119, 167, 142,
-    124, 149,  98,  47,  47,  98, 149, 124,
+    119, 142,  94,  46,  46,  94, 142, 119,
-     98, 124,  72,  21,  21,  72, 124,  98
+     94, 119,  69,  21,  21,  69, 119,  94
   }
 };
 
@@ -117,70 +117,70 @@ static const Value EQ = QueenValueEndgame;
 static const int EgPST[][64] = {
   { },
   {// Pawn
-   //A   B   C   D   E   F   G   H
+   // A     B     C     D     E     F     G     H
-     0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,
+       0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,
-    EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP,
+    EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8,
-    EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP,
+    EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8,
-    EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP,
+    EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8,
-    EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP,
+    EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8,
-    EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP,
+    EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8,
-    EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP, EP,
+    EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8, EP-8,
-     0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0
+       0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0,    0
   },
   {// Knight
    // A       B      C      D      E      F      G      H
-    EK-102, EK-76, EK-51, EK-38, EK-38, EK-51, EK-76, EK-102,
+    EK-104, EK-79, EK-55, EK-42, EK-42, EK-55, EK-79, EK-104,
-    EK- 76, EK-51, EK-25, EK-12, EK-12, EK-25, EK-51, EK-76,
+    EK- 79, EK-55, EK-30, EK-17, EK-17, EK-30, EK-55, EK- 79,
-    EK- 51, EK-25, EK- 0, EK+12, EK+12, EK- 0, EK-25, EK-51,
+    EK- 55, EK-30, EK- 6, EK+ 5, EK+ 5, EK- 6, EK-30, EK- 55,
-    EK- 38, EK-12, EK+12, EK+25, EK+25, EK+12, EK-12, EK-38,
+    EK- 42, EK-17, EK+ 5, EK+18, EK+18, EK+ 5, EK-17, EK- 42,
-    EK- 38, EK-12, EK+12, EK+25, EK+25, EK+12, EK-12, EK-38,
+    EK- 42, EK-17, EK+ 5, EK+18, EK+18, EK+ 5, EK-17, EK- 42,
-    EK- 51, EK-25, EK- 0, EK+12, EK+12, EK- 0, EK-25, EK-51,
+    EK- 55, EK-30, EK- 6, EK+ 5, EK+ 5, EK- 6, EK-30, EK- 55,
-    EK- 76, EK-51, EK-25, EK-12, EK-12, EK-25, EK-51, EK-76,
+    EK- 79, EK-55, EK-30, EK-17, EK-17, EK-30, EK-55, EK- 79,
-    EK-102, EK-76, EK-51, EK-38, EK-38, EK-51, EK-76, EK-102
+    EK-104, EK-79, EK-55, EK-42, EK-42, EK-55, EK-79, EK-104
   },
   {// Bishop
    // A      B      C      D      E      F      G      H
-    EB-46, EB-30, EB-23, EB-15, EB-15, EB-23, EB-30, EB-46,
+    EB-59, EB-42, EB-35, EB-26, EB-26, EB-35, EB-42, EB-59,
-    EB-30, EB-15, EB- 7, EB- 0, EB- 0, EB- 7, EB-15, EB-30,
+    EB-42, EB-26, EB-18, EB-11, EB-11, EB-18, EB-26, EB-42,
-    EB-23, EB- 7, EB- 0, EB+ 7, EB+ 7, EB- 0, EB- 7, EB-23,
+    EB-35, EB-18, EB-11, EB- 4, EB- 4, EB-11, EB-18, EB-35,
-    EB-15, EB- 0, EB+ 7, EB+15, EB+15, EB+ 7, EB- 0, EB-15,
+    EB-26, EB-11, EB- 4, EB+ 4, EB+ 4, EB- 4, EB-11, EB-26,
-    EB-15, EB- 0, EB+ 7, EB+15, EB+15, EB+ 7, EB- 0, EB-15,
+    EB-26, EB-11, EB- 4, EB+ 4, EB+ 4, EB- 4, EB-11, EB-26,
-    EB-23, EB- 7, EB- 0, EB+ 7, EB+ 7, EB- 0, EB- 7, EB-23,
+    EB-35, EB-18, EB-11, EB- 4, EB- 4, EB-11, EB-18, EB-35,
-    EB-30, EB-15, EB- 7, EB- 0, EB- 0, EB- 7, EB-15, EB-30,
+    EB-42, EB-26, EB-18, EB-11, EB-11, EB-18, EB-26, EB-42,
-    EB-46, EB-30, EB-23, EB-15, EB-15, EB-23, EB-30, EB-46
+    EB-59, EB-42, EB-35, EB-26, EB-26, EB-35, EB-42, EB-59
   },
   {// Rook
    // A     B     C     D     E     F     G     H
-    ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3,
+    ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3,
-    ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3,
+    ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3,
-    ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3,
+    ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3,
-    ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3,
+    ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3,
-    ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3,
+    ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3,
-    ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3,
+    ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3,
-    ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3,
+    ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3,
-    ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3, ER-3
+    ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3, ER+3
   },
   {// Queen
    // A      B      C      D      E      F      G      H
-    EQ-61, EQ-40, EQ-30, EQ-20, EQ-20, EQ-30, EQ-40, EQ-61,
+    EQ-80, EQ-54, EQ-42, EQ-30, EQ-30, EQ-42, EQ-54, EQ-80,
-    EQ-40, EQ-20, EQ-10, EQ- 0, EQ- 0, EQ-10, EQ-20, EQ-40,
+    EQ-54, EQ-30, EQ-18, EQ- 6, EQ- 6, EQ-18, EQ-30, EQ-54,
-    EQ-30, EQ-10, EQ- 0, EQ+10, EQ+10, EQ- 0, EQ-10, EQ-30,
+    EQ-42, EQ-18, EQ- 6, EQ+ 6, EQ+ 6, EQ- 6, EQ-18, EQ-42,
-    EQ-20, EQ- 0, EQ+10, EQ+20, EQ+20, EQ+10, EQ- 0, EQ-20,
+    EQ-30, EQ- 6, EQ+ 6, EQ+18, EQ+18, EQ+ 6, EQ- 6, EQ-30,
-    EQ-20, EQ- 0, EQ+10, EQ+20, EQ+20, EQ+10, EQ- 0, EQ-20,
+    EQ-30, EQ- 6, EQ+ 6, EQ+18, EQ+18, EQ+ 6, EQ- 6, EQ-30,
-    EQ-30, EQ-10, EQ- 0, EQ+10, EQ+10, EQ- 0, EQ-10, EQ-30,
+    EQ-42, EQ-18, EQ- 6, EQ+ 6, EQ+ 6, EQ- 6, EQ-18, EQ-42,
-    EQ-40, EQ-20, EQ-10, EQ- 0, EQ- 0, EQ-10, EQ-20, EQ-40,
+    EQ-54, EQ-30, EQ-18, EQ- 6, EQ- 6, EQ-18, EQ-30, EQ-54,
-    EQ-61, EQ-40, EQ-30, EQ-20, EQ-20, EQ-30, EQ-40, EQ-61
+    EQ-80, EQ-54, EQ-42, EQ-30, EQ-30, EQ-42, EQ-54, EQ-80
   },
   {// King
    //A    B    C    D    E    F    G    H
-     16,  78, 108, 139, 139, 108,  78,  16,
+     18,  77, 105, 135, 135, 105,  77,  18,
-     78, 139, 170, 200, 200, 170, 139,  78,
+     77, 135, 165, 193, 193, 165, 135,  77,
-    108, 170, 200, 230, 230, 200, 170, 108,
+    105, 165, 193, 222, 222, 193, 165, 105,
-    139, 200, 230, 261, 261, 230, 200, 139,
+    135, 193, 222, 251, 251, 222, 193, 135,
-    139, 200, 230, 261, 261, 230, 200, 139,
+    135, 193, 222, 251, 251, 222, 193, 135,
-    108, 170, 200, 230, 230, 200, 170, 108,
+    105, 165, 193, 222, 222, 193, 165, 105,
-     78, 139, 170, 200, 200, 170, 139,  78,
+     77, 135, 165, 193, 193, 165, 135,  77,
-     16,  78, 108, 139, 139, 108,  78,  16
+     18,  77, 105, 135, 135, 105,  77,  18
   }
 };
 

src/san.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -28,10 +28,11 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <sstream>
 
+#include "history.h"
 #include "movepick.h"
 #include "san.h"
 
-extern SearchStack EmptySearchStack;
+using std::string;
 
 ////
 //// Local definitions
@@ -39,8 +40,6 @@ extern SearchStack EmptySearchStack;
 
 namespace {
 
-  /// Types
-
   enum Ambiguity {
     AMBIGUITY_NONE,
     AMBIGUITY_FILE,
@@ -48,12 +47,11 @@ namespace {
     AMBIGUITY_BOTH
   };
 
-
+  const History H; // used as dummy argument for MovePicker c'tor
-  /// Functions
 
   Ambiguity move_ambiguity(const Position& pos, Move m);
-  const std::string time_string(int milliseconds);
+  const string time_string(int milliseconds);
-  const std::string score_string(Value v);
+  const string score_string(Value v);
 }
 
 
@@ -65,7 +63,7 @@ namespace {
 /// that the move is a legal move from the position. The return value is
 /// a string containing the move in short algebraic notation.
 
-const std::string move_to_san(const Position& pos, Move m) {
+const string move_to_san(Position& pos, Move m) {
 
   assert(pos.is_ok());
   assert(move_is_ok(m));
@@ -77,7 +75,7 @@ const std::string move_to_san(const Position& pos, Move m) {
   to = move_to(m);
   pt = type_of_piece(pos.piece_on(move_from(m)));
 
-  std::string san = "";
+  string san = "";
 
   if (m == MOVE_NONE)
       return "(none)";
@@ -115,20 +113,20 @@ const std::string move_to_san(const Position& pos, Move m) {
           san += "x";
       }
       san += square_to_string(move_to(m));
-      if (move_promotion(m))
+      if (move_is_promotion(m))
       {
           san += '=';
-          san += piece_type_to_char(move_promotion(m), true);
+          san += piece_type_to_char(move_promotion_piece(m), true);
       }
   }
   // Is the move check?  We don't use pos.move_is_check(m) here, because
   // Position::move_is_check doesn't detect all checks (not castling moves,
   // promotions and en passant captures).
   StateInfo st;
-  Position p(pos);
+  pos.do_move(m, st);
-  p.do_move(m, st);
+  if (pos.is_check())
-  if (p.is_check())
+      san += pos.is_mate() ? "#" : "+";
-      san += p.is_mate()? "#" : "+";
+  pos.undo_move(m);
 
   return san;
 }
@@ -139,18 +137,19 @@ const std::string move_to_san(const Position& pos, Move m) {
 /// the move is returned.  On failure (i.e. if the string is unparsable, or
 /// if the move is illegal or ambiguous), MOVE_NONE is returned.
 
-Move move_from_san(const Position& pos, const std::string& movestr) {
+Move move_from_san(const Position& pos, const string& movestr) {
 
   assert(pos.is_ok());
 
-  MovePicker mp = MovePicker(pos, false, MOVE_NONE, EmptySearchStack, OnePly);
+  MovePicker mp = MovePicker(pos, MOVE_NONE, OnePly, H);
+  Bitboard pinned = pos.pinned_pieces(pos.side_to_move());
 
   // Castling moves
   if (movestr == "O-O-O" || movestr == "O-O-O+")
   {
       Move m;
       while ((m = mp.get_next_move()) != MOVE_NONE)
-          if (move_is_long_castle(m) && pos.pl_move_is_legal(m))
+          if (move_is_long_castle(m) && pos.pl_move_is_legal(m, pinned))
               return m;
 
       return MOVE_NONE;
@@ -159,7 +158,7 @@ Move move_from_san(const Position& pos, const std::string& movestr) {
   {
       Move m;
       while ((m = mp.get_next_move()) != MOVE_NONE)
-          if (move_is_short_castle(m) && pos.pl_move_is_legal(m))
+          if (move_is_short_castle(m) && pos.pl_move_is_legal(m, pinned))
               return m;
 
     return MOVE_NONE;
@@ -167,7 +166,7 @@ Move move_from_san(const Position& pos, const std::string& movestr) {
 
   // Normal moves. We use a simple FSM to parse the san string.
   enum { START, TO_FILE, TO_RANK, PROMOTION_OR_CHECK, PROMOTION, CHECK, END };
-  static const std::string pieceLetters = "KQRBN";
+  static const string pieceLetters = "KQRBN";
   PieceType pt = NO_PIECE_TYPE, promotion = NO_PIECE_TYPE;
   File fromFile = FILE_NONE, toFile = FILE_NONE;
   Rank fromRank = RANK_NONE, toRank = RANK_NONE;
@@ -177,7 +176,7 @@ Move move_from_san(const Position& pos, const std::string& movestr) {
   for (size_t i = 0; i < movestr.length(); i++)
   {
       char type, c = movestr[i];
-      if (pieceLetters.find(c) != std::string::npos)
+      if (pieceLetters.find(c) != string::npos)
           type = 'P';
       else if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'h')
           type = 'F';
@@ -275,7 +274,7 @@ Move move_from_san(const Position& pos, const std::string& movestr) {
   while ((m = mp.get_next_move()) != MOVE_NONE)
       if (   pos.type_of_piece_on(move_from(m)) == pt
           && move_to(m) == to
-          && move_promotion(m) == promotion
+          && move_promotion_piece(m) == promotion
           && (fromFile == FILE_NONE || fromFile == square_file(move_from(m)))
           && (fromRank == RANK_NONE || fromRank == square_rank(move_from(m))))
       {
@@ -293,14 +292,14 @@ Move move_from_san(const Position& pos, const std::string& movestr) {
 /// length of 80 characters.  After a line break, 'startColumn' spaces are
 /// inserted at the beginning of the new line.
 
-const std::string line_to_san(const Position& pos, Move line[], int startColumn, bool breakLines) {
+const string line_to_san(const Position& pos, Move line[], int startColumn, bool breakLines) {
 
   StateInfo st;
   std::stringstream s;
-  std::string moveStr;
+  string moveStr;
   size_t length = 0;
   size_t maxLength = 80 - startColumn;
-  Position p(pos);
+  Position p(pos, pos.thread());
 
   for (int i = 0; line[i] != MOVE_NONE; i++)
   {
@@ -326,15 +325,16 @@ const std::string line_to_san(const Position& pos, Move line[], int startColumn,
 /// It is used to write search information to the log file (which is created
 /// when the UCI parameter "Use Search Log" is "true").
 
-const std::string pretty_pv(const Position& pos, int time, int depth,
+const string pretty_pv(const Position& pos, int time, int depth,
-                            uint64_t nodes, Value score, Move pv[]) {
+                       uint64_t nodes, Value score, ValueType type, Move pv[]) {
   std::stringstream s;
 
   // Depth
   s << std::setw(2) << depth << "  ";
 
   // Score
-  s << std::setw(8) << score_string(score);
+  s << ((type == VALUE_TYPE_LOWER)? ">" : ((type == VALUE_TYPE_UPPER)? "<" : " "));
+  s << std::setw(7) << score_string(score);
 
   // Time
   s << std::setw(8) << time_string(time) << " ";
@@ -367,12 +367,13 @@ namespace {
     if (type_of_piece(pc) == KING)
         return AMBIGUITY_NONE;
 
-    MovePicker mp = MovePicker(pos, false, MOVE_NONE, EmptySearchStack, OnePly);
+    MovePicker mp = MovePicker(pos, MOVE_NONE, OnePly, H);
+    Bitboard pinned = pos.pinned_pieces(pos.side_to_move());
     Move mv, moveList[8];
 
     int n = 0;
     while ((mv = mp.get_next_move()) != MOVE_NONE)
-        if (move_to(mv) == to && pos.piece_on(move_from(mv)) == pc && pos.pl_move_is_legal(mv))
+        if (move_to(mv) == to && pos.piece_on(move_from(mv)) == pc && pos.pl_move_is_legal(mv, pinned))
             moveList[n++] = mv;
 
     if (n == 1)
@@ -397,7 +398,7 @@ namespace {
   }
 
 
-  const std::string time_string(int milliseconds) {
+  const string time_string(int milliseconds) {
 
     std::stringstream s;
     s << std::setfill('0');
@@ -414,7 +415,7 @@ namespace {
   }
 
 
-  const std::string score_string(Value v) {
+  const string score_string(Value v) {
 
     std::stringstream s;
 

src/san.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -36,9 +36,9 @@
 //// Prototypes
 ////
 
-extern const std::string move_to_san(const Position& pos, Move m);
+extern const std::string move_to_san(Position& pos, Move m);
 extern Move move_from_san(const Position& pos, const std::string& str);
 extern const std::string line_to_san(const Position& pos, Move line[], int startColumn, bool breakLines);
-extern const std::string pretty_pv(const Position& pos, int time, int depth, uint64_t nodes, Value score, Move pv[]);
+extern const std::string pretty_pv(const Position& pos, int time, int depth, uint64_t nodes, Value score, ValueType type, Move pv[]);
 
 #endif // !defined(SAN_H_INCLUDED)

src/scale.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

src/search.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -26,11 +26,7 @@
 ////
 
 #include "depth.h"
-#include "history.h"
+#include "move.h"
-#include "lock.h"
-#include "movegen.h"
-#include "position.h"
-#include "tt.h"
 #include "value.h"
 
 
@@ -51,42 +47,35 @@ const int KILLER_MAX = 2;
 /// from nodes shallower and deeper in the tree during the search.  Each
 /// search thread has its own array of SearchStack objects, indexed by the
 /// current ply.
+struct EvalInfo;
 
 struct SearchStack {
-  Move pv[PLY_MAX];
+  Move pv[PLY_MAX_PLUS_2];
   Move currentMove;
   Move mateKiller;
   Move threatMove;
+  Move excludedMove;
   Move killers[KILLER_MAX];
   Depth reduction;
+  Value eval;
+  bool skipNullMove;
 
-  void init(int ply);
+  void init();
   void initKillers();
 };
 
 
-////
-//// Global variables
-////
-
-extern SearchStack EmptySearchStack;
-extern TranspositionTable TT;
-extern int ActiveThreads;
-extern Lock SMPLock;
-
-// Perhaps better to make H local, and pass as parameter to MovePicker?
-extern History H;
-
-
 ////
 //// Prototypes
 ////
 
+extern void init_search();
 extern void init_threads();
-extern void stop_threads();
+extern void exit_threads();
-extern void think(const Position &pos, bool infinite, bool ponder, int side_to_move,
+extern bool think(const Position &pos, bool infinite, bool ponder, int side_to_move,
                   int time[], int increment[], int movesToGo, int maxDepth,
                   int maxNodes, int maxTime, Move searchMoves[]);
+extern int perft(Position &pos, Depth depth);
 extern int64_t nodes_searched();
 
 

src/square.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

src/thread.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@
 //// Includes
 ////
 
+#include <cstring>
+
 #include "lock.h"
 #include "movepick.h"
 #include "position.h"
@@ -36,7 +38,8 @@
 //// Constants and variables
 ////
 
-const int THREAD_MAX = 8;
+const int MAX_THREADS = 8;
+const int ACTIVE_SPLIT_POINTS_MAX = 8;
 
 
 ////
@@ -44,35 +47,48 @@ const int THREAD_MAX = 8;
 ////
 
 struct SplitPoint {
-  SplitPoint *parent;
+
-  Position pos;
+  // Const data after splitPoint has been setup
-  SearchStack sstack[THREAD_MAX][PLY_MAX];
+  SplitPoint* parent;
-  SearchStack *parentSstack;
+  const Position* pos;
-  int ply;
   Depth depth;
-  volatile Value alpha, beta, bestValue;
+  bool pvNode, mateThreat;
-  bool pvNode;
+  Value beta;
-  Bitboard dcCandidates;
+  int ply;
-  int master, slaves[THREAD_MAX];
+  SearchStack sstack[MAX_THREADS][PLY_MAX_PLUS_2];
+
+  // Const pointers to shared data
+  MovePicker* mp;
+  SearchStack* parentSstack;
+
+  // Shared data
   Lock lock;
-  MovePicker *mp;
+  volatile Value alpha;
-  volatile int moves;
+  volatile Value bestValue;
-  volatile int cpus;
+  volatile int moveCount;
-  bool finished;
+  volatile bool stopRequest;
+  volatile int slaves[MAX_THREADS];
 };
 
+// ThreadState type is used to represent thread's current state
+
+enum ThreadState
+{
+  THREAD_SEARCHING,     // thread is performing work
+  THREAD_AVAILABLE,     // thread is polling for work
+  THREAD_SLEEPING,      // we are not thinking, so thread is sleeping
+  THREAD_BOOKED,        // other thread (master) has booked us as a slave
+  THREAD_WORKISWAITING, // master has ordered us to start
+  THREAD_TERMINATED     // we are quitting and thread is terminated
+};
 
 struct Thread {
-  SplitPoint *splitPoint;
+  SplitPoint* volatile splitPoint;
-  int activeSplitPoints;
+  volatile int activeSplitPoints;
   uint64_t nodes;
-  bool failHighPly1;
+  uint64_t betaCutOffs[2];
-  volatile bool stop;
+  volatile ThreadState state;
-  volatile bool running;
+  unsigned char pad[64]; // set some distance among local data for each thread
-  volatile bool idle;
-  volatile bool workIsWaiting;
-  volatile bool printCurrentLine;
-  unsigned char pad[64];
 };
 
 

src/tt.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -26,8 +26,11 @@
 #include <cmath>
 #include <cstring>
 
+#include "movegen.h"
 #include "tt.h"
 
+// The main transposition table
+TranspositionTable TT;
 
 ////
 //// Functions
@@ -49,27 +52,25 @@ TranspositionTable::~TranspositionTable() {
 /// TranspositionTable::set_size sets the size of the transposition table,
 /// measured in megabytes.
 
-void TranspositionTable::set_size(unsigned mbSize) {
+void TranspositionTable::set_size(size_t mbSize) {
 
-  assert(mbSize >= 4 && mbSize <= 4096);
+  size_t newSize = 1024;
 
-  unsigned newSize = 1024;
+  // We store a cluster of ClusterSize number of TTEntry for each position
-
+  // and newSize is the maximum number of storable positions.
-  // We store a cluster of 4 TTEntry for each position and newSize is
+  while ((2 * newSize) * sizeof(TTCluster) <= (mbSize << 20))
-  // the maximum number of storable positions
-  while ((2 * newSize) * 4 * (sizeof(TTEntry)) <= (mbSize << 20))
       newSize *= 2;
 
   if (newSize != size)
   {
       size = newSize;
       delete [] entries;
-      entries = new TTEntry[size * 4];
+      entries = new TTCluster[size];
       if (!entries)
       {
           std::cerr << "Failed to allocate " << mbSize
                     << " MB for transposition table." << std::endl;
-          exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+          Application::exit_with_failure();
       }
       clear();
   }
@@ -83,7 +84,7 @@ void TranspositionTable::set_size(unsigned mbSize) {
 
 void TranspositionTable::clear() {
 
-  memset(entries, 0, size * 4 * sizeof(TTEntry));
+  memset(entries, 0, size * sizeof(TTCluster));
 }
 
 
@@ -97,23 +98,21 @@ void TranspositionTable::clear() {
 /// is bigger than the depth of t2. A TTEntry of type VALUE_TYPE_EVAL
 /// never replaces another entry for the same position.
 
-void TranspositionTable::store(const Position& p, Value v, ValueType t, Depth d, Move m) {
+void TranspositionTable::store(const Key posKey, Value v, ValueType t, Depth d, Move m, Value statV, Value kingD) {
 
   TTEntry *tte, *replace;
+  uint32_t posKey32 = posKey >> 32; // Use the high 32 bits as key
 
-  tte = replace = first_entry(p);
+  tte = replace = first_entry(posKey);
-  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++, tte++)
+  for (int i = 0; i < ClusterSize; i++, tte++)
   {
-      if (!tte->key() || tte->key() == p.get_key()) // empty or overwrite old
+      if (!tte->key() || tte->key() == posKey32) // empty or overwrite old
       {
-          // Do not overwrite when new type is VALUE_TYPE_EVAL
+          // Preserve any exsisting ttMove
-          if (tte->key() && t == VALUE_TYPE_EVAL)
-              return;
-
           if (m == MOVE_NONE)
               m = tte->move();
 
-          *tte = TTEntry(p.get_key(), v, t, d, m, generation);
+          tte->save(posKey32, v, t, d, m, generation, statV, kingD);
           return;
       }
       else if (i == 0)  // replace would be a no-op in this common case
@@ -126,7 +125,7 @@ void TranspositionTable::store(const Position& p, Value v, ValueType t, Depth d,
       if (c1 + c2 + c3 > 0)
           replace = tte;
   }
-  *replace = TTEntry(p.get_key(), v, t, d, m, generation);
+  replace->save(posKey32, v, t, d, m, generation, statV, kingD);
   writes++;
 }
 
@@ -135,26 +134,19 @@ void TranspositionTable::store(const Position& p, Value v, ValueType t, Depth d,
 /// transposition table. Returns a pointer to the TTEntry or NULL
 /// if position is not found.
 
-TTEntry* TranspositionTable::retrieve(const Position& pos) const {
+TTEntry* TranspositionTable::retrieve(const Key posKey) const {
 
-  TTEntry *tte = first_entry(pos);
+  uint32_t posKey32 = posKey >> 32;
+  TTEntry* tte = first_entry(posKey);
 
-  for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++, tte++)
+  for (int i = 0; i < ClusterSize; i++, tte++)
-      if (tte->key() == pos.get_key())
+      if (tte->key() == posKey32)
           return tte;
 
   return NULL;
 }
 
 
-/// TranspositionTable::first_entry returns a pointer to the first
-/// entry of a cluster given a position.
-
-inline TTEntry* TranspositionTable::first_entry(const Position& pos) const {
-
-  return entries + (int(pos.get_key() & (size - 1)) << 2);
-}
-
 /// TranspositionTable::new_search() is called at the beginning of every new
 /// search. It increments the "generation" variable, which is used to
 /// distinguish transposition table entries from previous searches from
@@ -175,22 +167,55 @@ void TranspositionTable::new_search() {
 void TranspositionTable::insert_pv(const Position& pos, Move pv[]) {
 
   StateInfo st;
-  Position p(pos);
+  Position p(pos, pos.thread());
 
   for (int i = 0; pv[i] != MOVE_NONE; i++)
   {
-      store(p, VALUE_NONE, VALUE_TYPE_NONE, Depth(-127*OnePly), pv[i]);
+      TTEntry *tte = retrieve(p.get_key());
+      if (!tte || tte->move() != pv[i])
+          store(p.get_key(), VALUE_NONE, VALUE_TYPE_NONE, Depth(-127*OnePly), pv[i], VALUE_NONE, VALUE_NONE);
       p.do_move(pv[i], st);
   }
 }
 
 
+/// TranspositionTable::extract_pv() extends a PV by adding moves from the
+/// transposition table at the end. This should ensure that the PV is almost
+/// always at least two plies long, which is important, because otherwise we
+/// will often get single-move PVs when the search stops while failing high,
+/// and a single-move PV means that we don't have a ponder move.
+
+void TranspositionTable::extract_pv(const Position& pos, Move pv[], const int PLY_MAX) {
+
+  const TTEntry* tte;
+  StateInfo st;
+  Position p(pos, pos.thread());
+  int ply = 0;
+
+  // Update position to the end of current PV
+  while (pv[ply] != MOVE_NONE)
+      p.do_move(pv[ply++], st);
+
+  // Try to add moves from TT while possible
+  while (   (tte = retrieve(p.get_key())) != NULL
+         && tte->move() != MOVE_NONE
+         && move_is_legal(p, tte->move())
+         && (!p.is_draw() || ply < 2)
+         && ply < PLY_MAX)
+  {
+      pv[ply] = tte->move();
+      p.do_move(pv[ply++], st);
+  }
+  pv[ply] = MOVE_NONE;
+}
+
+
 /// TranspositionTable::full() returns the permill of all transposition table
 /// entries which have received at least one write during the current search.
 /// It is used to display the "info hashfull ..." information in UCI.
 
 int TranspositionTable::full() const {
 
-  double N = double(size) * 4.0;
+  double N = double(size) * ClusterSize;
   return int(1000 * (1 - exp(writes * log(1.0 - 1.0/N))));
 }

src/tt.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -36,12 +36,12 @@
 
 /// The TTEntry class is the class of transposition table entries
 ///
-/// A TTEntry needs 128 bits to be stored
+/// A TTEntry needs 96 bits to be stored
 ///
-/// bit    0-63: key
+/// bit  0-31: key
-/// bit   64-95: data
+/// bit 32-63: data
-/// bit  96-111: value
+/// bit 64-79: value
-/// bit 112-127: depth
+/// bit 80-95: depth
 ///
 /// the 32 bits of the data field are so defined
 ///
@@ -53,26 +53,49 @@
 class TTEntry {
 
 public:
-  TTEntry() {}
+  void save(uint32_t k, Value v, ValueType t, Depth d, Move m, int g, Value statV, Value kd) {
-  TTEntry(Key k, Value v, ValueType t, Depth d, Move m, int generation)
-        : key_ (k), data((m & 0x1FFFF) | (t << 20) | (generation << 23)),
-          value_(int16_t(v)), depth_(int16_t(d)) {}
 
-  Key key() const { return key_; }
+      key32 = k;
-  Depth depth() const { return Depth(depth_); }
+      data = (m & 0x1FFFF) | (t << 20) | (g << 23);
+      value16     = int16_t(v);
+      depth16     = int16_t(d);
+      staticValue = int16_t(statV);
+      kingDanger  = int16_t(kd);
+  }
+
+  uint32_t key() const { return key32; }
+  Depth depth() const { return Depth(depth16); }
   Move move() const { return Move(data & 0x1FFFF); }
-  Value value() const { return Value(value_); }
+  Value value() const { return Value(value16); }
   ValueType type() const { return ValueType((data >> 20) & 7); }
-  int generation() const { return (data >> 23); }
+  int generation() const { return data >> 23; }
+  Value static_value() const { return Value(staticValue); }
+  Value king_danger() const { return Value(kingDanger); }
 
 private:
-  Key key_;
+  uint32_t key32;
   uint32_t data;
-  int16_t value_;
+  int16_t value16;
-  int16_t depth_;
+  int16_t depth16;
+  int16_t staticValue;
+  int16_t kingDanger;
 };
 
-/// The transposition table class.  This is basically just a huge array
+
+/// This is the number of TTEntry slots for each position
+const int ClusterSize = 4;
+
+/// Each group of ClusterSize number of TTEntry form a TTCluster
+/// that is indexed by a single position key. TTCluster size must
+///  be not bigger then a cache line size, in case it is less then
+/// it should be padded to guarantee always aligned accesses.
+
+struct TTCluster {
+  TTEntry data[ClusterSize];
+};
+
+
+/// The transposition table class. This is basically just a huge array
 /// containing TTEntry objects, and a few methods for writing new entries
 /// and reading new ones.
 
@@ -81,20 +104,38 @@ class TranspositionTable {
 public:
   TranspositionTable();
   ~TranspositionTable();
-  void set_size(unsigned mbSize);
+  void set_size(size_t mbSize);
   void clear();
-  void store(const Position& pos, Value v, ValueType type, Depth d, Move m);
+  void store(const Key posKey, Value v, ValueType type, Depth d, Move m, Value statV, Value kingD);
-  TTEntry* retrieve(const Position& pos) const;
+  TTEntry* retrieve(const Key posKey) const;
   void new_search();
   void insert_pv(const Position& pos, Move pv[]);
+  void extract_pv(const Position& pos, Move pv[], const int PLY_MAX);
   int full() const;
+  TTEntry* first_entry(const Key posKey) const;
 
 private:
-  inline TTEntry* first_entry(const Position& pos) const;
+  // Be sure 'writes' is at least one cache line away
+  // from read only variables.
+  unsigned char pad_before[64 - sizeof(unsigned)];
+  unsigned writes; // heavy SMP read/write access here
+  unsigned char pad_after[64];
 
-  unsigned size, writes;
+  size_t size;
-  TTEntry* entries;
+  TTCluster* entries;
   uint8_t generation;
 };
 
+extern TranspositionTable TT;
+
+
+/// TranspositionTable::first_entry returns a pointer to the first
+/// entry of a cluster given a position. The low 32 bits of the key
+/// are used to get the index in the table.
+
+inline TTEntry* TranspositionTable::first_entry(const Key posKey) const {
+
+  return entries[uint32_t(posKey) & (size - 1)].data;
+}
+
 #endif // !defined(TT_H_INCLUDED)

src/types.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -31,9 +31,9 @@ typedef __int8 int8_t;
 typedef unsigned __int8 uint8_t;
 typedef __int16 int16;
 typedef unsigned __int16 uint16_t;
-typedef __int32 int32;
+typedef __int32 int32_t;
 typedef unsigned __int32 uint32_t;
-typedef __int64 int64;
+typedef __int64 int64_t;
 typedef unsigned __int64 uint64_t;
 
 typedef __int16 int16_t;
@@ -41,7 +41,72 @@ typedef __int64 int64_t;
 
 #endif // !defined(_MSC_VER)
 
-// Hash keys:
+// Hash keys
 typedef uint64_t Key;
 
+// Bitboard type
+typedef uint64_t Bitboard;
+
+
+////
+//// Configuration
+////
+
+//// For Linux and OSX configuration is done automatically using Makefile.
+//// To get started type "make help".
+////
+//// For windows part of the configuration is detected automatically, but
+//// some switches need to be set manually:
+////
+//// -DNDEBUG       | Disable debugging mode. Use always.
+////
+//// -DNO_PREFETCH  | Disable use of prefetch asm-instruction. A must if you want the
+////                | executable to run on some very old machines.
+////
+//// -DUSE_POPCNT   | Add runtime support for use of popcnt asm-instruction.
+////                | Works only in 64-bit mode. For compiling requires hardware
+////                | with popcnt support. Around 4% speed-up.
+
+// Automatic detection for 64-bit under Windows
+#if defined(_WIN64)
+#define IS_64BIT
+#endif
+
+// Automatic detection for use of bsfq asm-instruction under Windows.
+// Works only in 64-bit mode. Does not work with MSVC.
+#if defined(_WIN64) && defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
+#define USE_BSFQ
+#endif
+
+// Cache line alignment specification
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
+#define CACHE_LINE_ALIGNMENT __declspec(align(64))
+#else
+#define CACHE_LINE_ALIGNMENT  __attribute__ ((aligned(64)))
+#endif
+
+// Define a __cpuid() function for gcc compilers, for Intel and MSVC
+// is already available as an intrinsic.
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+#include <intrin.h>
+#elif defined(__GNUC__) && (defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__))
+inline void __cpuid(int CPUInfo[4], int InfoType)
+{
+  int* eax = CPUInfo + 0;
+  int* ebx = CPUInfo + 1;
+  int* ecx = CPUInfo + 2;
+  int* edx = CPUInfo + 3;
+
+  *eax = InfoType;
+  *ecx = 0;
+  __asm__("cpuid" : "=a" (*eax), "=b" (*ebx), "=c" (*ecx), "=d" (*edx)
+                  : "0" (*eax), "2" (*ecx));
+}
+#else
+inline void __cpuid(int CPUInfo[4], int)
+{
+   CPUInfo[0] = CPUInfo[1] = CPUInfo[2] = CPUInfo[3] = 0;
+}
+#endif
+
 #endif // !defined(TYPES_H_INCLUDED)

src/uci.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 #include "uci.h"
 #include "ucioption.h"
 
+using namespace std;
 
 ////
 //// Local definitions:
@@ -45,22 +46,22 @@
 
 namespace {
 
-  // UCIInputParser is a class for parsing UCI input.  The class
+  // UCIInputParser is a class for parsing UCI input. The class
   // is actually a string stream built on a given input string.
 
-  typedef std::istringstream UCIInputParser;
+  typedef istringstream UCIInputParser;
 
-  // The root position.  This is set up when the user (or in practice, the GUI)
+  // The root position. This is set up when the user (or in practice, the GUI)
-  // sends the "position" UCI command.  The root position is sent to the think()
+  // sends the "position" UCI command. The root position is sent to the think()
   // function when the program receives the "go" command.
-  Position RootPosition;
+  Position RootPosition(0);
 
   // Local functions
-  void get_command();
+  bool handle_command(const string& command);
-  void handle_command(const std::string &command);
+  void set_option(UCIInputParser& uip);
-  void set_option(UCIInputParser &uip);
+  void set_position(UCIInputParser& uip);
-  void set_position(UCIInputParser &uip);
+  bool go(UCIInputParser& uip);
-  void go(UCIInputParser &uip);
+  void perft(UCIInputParser& uip);
 }
 
 
@@ -68,17 +69,25 @@ namespace {
 //// Functions
 ////
 
-/// uci_main_loop() is the only global function in this file.  It is
+/// uci_main_loop() is the only global function in this file. It is
 /// called immediately after the program has finished initializing.
 /// The program remains in this loop until it receives the "quit" UCI
-/// command.
+/// command. It waits for a command from the user, and passes this
+/// command to handle_command and also intercepts EOF from stdin,
+/// by translating EOF to the "quit" command. This ensures that Stockfish
+/// exits gracefully if the GUI dies unexpectedly.
 
 void uci_main_loop() {
 
   RootPosition.from_fen(StartPosition);
+  string command;
 
-  while (1)
+  do {
-      get_command();
+      // Wait for a command from stdin
+      if (!getline(cin, command))
+          command = "quit";
+
+  } while (handle_command(command));
 }
 
 
@@ -88,64 +97,44 @@ void uci_main_loop() {
 
 namespace {
 
-  // get_command() waits for a command from the user, and passes
-  // this command to handle_command.  get_command also intercepts
-  // EOF from stdin, by translating EOF to the "quit" command.  This
-  // ensures that Stockfish exits gracefully if the GUI dies
-  // unexpectedly.
-
-  void get_command() {
-
-    std::string command;
-
-    if (!std::getline(std::cin, command))
-        command = "quit";
-
-    handle_command(command);
-  }
-
-
   // handle_command() takes a text string as input, uses a
   // UCIInputParser object to parse this text string as a UCI command,
-  // and calls the appropriate functions.  In addition to the UCI
+  // and calls the appropriate functions. In addition to the UCI
   // commands, the function also supports a few debug commands.
 
-  void handle_command(const std::string &command) {
+  bool handle_command(const string& command) {
 
     UCIInputParser uip(command);
-    std::string token;
+    string token;
 
-    uip >> token; // operator >> skips any whitespace
+    if (!(uip >> token)) // operator>>() skips any whitespace
+        return true;
 
     if (token == "quit")
+        return false;
+
+    if (token == "go")
+        return go(uip);
+
+    if (token == "uci")
     {
-        OpeningBook.close();
+        cout << "id name " << engine_name()
-        stop_threads();
+             << "\nid author Tord Romstad, Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski\n";
-        quit_eval();
-        exit(0);
-    }
-    else if (token == "uci")
-    {
-        std::cout << "id name " << engine_name() << std::endl
-                  << "id author Tord Romstad, Marco Costalba"
-                  << std::endl;
         print_uci_options();
-        std::cout << "uciok" << std::endl;
+        cout << "uciok" << endl;
     }
     else if (token == "ucinewgame")
     {
-        TT.clear();
+        push_button("New Game");
         Position::init_piece_square_tables();
         RootPosition.from_fen(StartPosition);
     }
     else if (token == "isready")
-        std::cout << "readyok" << std::endl;
+        cout << "readyok" << endl;
     else if (token == "position")
         set_position(uip);
     else if (token == "setoption")
         set_option(uip);
-    else if (token == "go")
-        go(uip);
 
     // The remaining commands are for debugging purposes only.
     // Perhaps they should be removed later in order to reduce the
@@ -154,132 +143,121 @@ namespace {
         RootPosition.print();
     else if (token == "flip")
     {
-        Position p(RootPosition);
+        Position p(RootPosition, RootPosition.thread());
         RootPosition.flipped_copy(p);
     }
     else if (token == "eval")
     {
         EvalInfo ei;
-        std::cout << "Incremental mg: " << RootPosition.mg_value()
+        cout << "Incremental mg: " << mg_value(RootPosition.value())
-                  << std::endl;
+             << "\nIncremental eg: " << eg_value(RootPosition.value())
-        std::cout << "Incremental eg: " << RootPosition.eg_value()
+             << "\nFull eval: " << evaluate(RootPosition, ei) << endl;
-                  << std::endl;
-        std::cout << "Full eval: "
-                  << evaluate(RootPosition, ei, 0)
-                  << std::endl;
     }
     else if (token == "key")
-    {
+        cout << "key: " << hex << RootPosition.get_key()
-        std::cout << "key: " << std::hex << RootPosition.get_key()
+             << "\nmaterial key: " << RootPosition.get_material_key()
-                  << " material key: " << RootPosition.get_material_key()
+             << "\npawn key: " << RootPosition.get_pawn_key() << endl;
-                  << " pawn key: " << RootPosition.get_pawn_key()
+    else if (token == "perft")
-                  << std::endl;
+        perft(uip);
-    }
     else
-    {
+        cout << "Unknown command: " << command << endl;
-        std::cout << "Unknown command: " << command << std::endl;
+
-        while (!uip.eof())
+    return true;
-        {
-            uip >> token;
-            std::cout << token << std::endl;
-        }
-    }
   }
 
 
   // set_position() is called when Stockfish receives the "position" UCI
-  // command.  The input parameter is a UCIInputParser.  It is assumed
+  // command. The input parameter is a UCIInputParser. It is assumed
   // that this parser has consumed the first token of the UCI command
   // ("position"), and is ready to read the second token ("startpos"
   // or "fen", if the input is well-formed).
 
-  void set_position(UCIInputParser &uip) {
+  void set_position(UCIInputParser& uip) {
 
-    std::string token;
+    string token;
 
-    uip >> token; // operator >> skips any whitespace
+    if (!(uip >> token)) // operator>>() skips any whitespace
+        return;
 
     if (token == "startpos")
         RootPosition.from_fen(StartPosition);
     else if (token == "fen")
     {
-        std::string fen;
+        string fen;
-        while (token != "moves" && !uip.eof())
+        while (uip >> token && token != "moves")
         {
-          uip >> token;
+            fen += token;
-          fen += token;
+            fen += ' ';
-          fen += ' ';
         }
         RootPosition.from_fen(fen);
     }
 
-    if (!uip.eof())
+    if (uip.good())
     {
         if (token != "moves")
           uip >> token;
+
         if (token == "moves")
         {
             Move move;
             StateInfo st;
-            while (!uip.eof())
+            while (uip >> token)
             {
-                uip >> token;
                 move = move_from_string(RootPosition, token);
                 RootPosition.do_move(move, st);
                 if (RootPosition.rule_50_counter() == 0)
                     RootPosition.reset_game_ply();
             }
-            // Our StateInfo st is about going out of scope,
+            // Our StateInfo st is about going out of scope so copy
-            // so save its content before they disappear.
+            // its content inside RootPosition before they disappear.
-            RootPosition.setStartState(st);
+            RootPosition.detach();
         }
     }
   }
 
 
   // set_option() is called when Stockfish receives the "setoption" UCI
-  // command.  The input parameter is a UCIInputParser.  It is assumed
+  // command. The input parameter is a UCIInputParser. It is assumed
   // that this parser has consumed the first token of the UCI command
   // ("setoption"), and is ready to read the second token ("name", if
   // the input is well-formed).
 
-  void set_option(UCIInputParser &uip) {
+  void set_option(UCIInputParser& uip) {
 
-    std::string token, name;
+    string token, name, value;
 
-    uip >> token;
+    if (!(uip >> token)) // operator>>() skips any whitespace
-    if (token == "name")
+        return;
+
+    if (token == "name" && uip >> name)
     {
-        uip >> name;
+        while (uip >> token && token != "value")
-        while (!uip.eof())
-        {
-            uip >> token;
-            if (token == "value")
-                break;
-
             name += (" " + token);
-        }
+
-        if (token == "value")
+        if (token == "value" && uip >> value)
         {
-            std::getline(uip, token); // reads until end of line
+            while (uip >> token)
-            set_option_value(name, token);
+                value += (" " + token);
+
+            set_option_value(name, value);
         } else
             push_button(name);
     }
   }
 
 
-  // go() is called when Stockfish receives the "go" UCI command.  The
+  // go() is called when Stockfish receives the "go" UCI command. The
-  // input parameter is a UCIInputParser.  It is assumed that this
+  // input parameter is a UCIInputParser. It is assumed that this
   // parser has consumed the first token of the UCI command ("go"),
-  // and is ready to read the second token.  The function sets the
+  // and is ready to read the second token. The function sets the
   // thinking time and other parameters from the input string, and
   // calls think() (defined in search.cpp) with the appropriate
-  // parameters.
+  // parameters. Returns false if a quit command is received while
+  // thinking, returns true otherwise.
 
-  void go(UCIInputParser &uip) {
+  bool go(UCIInputParser& uip) {
 
-    std::string token;
+    string token;
 
     int time[2] = {0, 0}, inc[2] = {0, 0};
     int movesToGo = 0, depth = 0, nodes = 0, moveTime = 0;
@@ -288,10 +266,8 @@ namespace {
 
     searchMoves[0] = MOVE_NONE;
 
-    while (!uip.eof())
+    while (uip >> token)
     {
-        uip >> token;
-
         if (token == "infinite")
             infinite = true;
         else if (token == "ponder")
@@ -315,21 +291,35 @@ namespace {
         else if (token == "searchmoves")
         {
             int numOfMoves = 0;
-            while (!uip.eof())
+            while (uip >> token)
-            {
-                uip >> token;
                 searchMoves[numOfMoves++] = move_from_string(RootPosition, token);
-            }
+
             searchMoves[numOfMoves] = MOVE_NONE;
         }
     }
 
-    if (moveTime)
-        infinite = true;  // HACK
-
     assert(RootPosition.is_ok());
 
-    think(RootPosition, infinite, ponder, RootPosition.side_to_move(), time,
+    return think(RootPosition, infinite, ponder, RootPosition.side_to_move(),
-          inc, movesToGo, depth, nodes, moveTime, searchMoves);
+                 time, inc, movesToGo, depth, nodes, moveTime, searchMoves);
+  }
+
+  void perft(UCIInputParser& uip) {
+
+    string token;
+    int depth, tm, n;
+    Position pos(RootPosition, RootPosition.thread());
+
+    if (!(uip >> depth))
+        return;
+
+    tm = get_system_time();
+
+    n = perft(pos, depth * OnePly);
+
+    tm = get_system_time() - tm;
+    std::cout << "\nNodes " << n
+              << "\nTime (ms) " << tm
+              << "\nNodes/second " << (int)(n/(tm/1000.0)) << std::endl;
   }
 }

src/uci.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

src/ucioption.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -33,13 +33,7 @@
 #include "thread.h"
 #include "ucioption.h"
 
-
+using std::string;
-////
-//// Variables
-////
-
-bool Chess960;
-
 
 ////
 //// Local definitions
@@ -53,11 +47,11 @@ namespace {
 
   enum OptionType { SPIN, COMBO, CHECK, STRING, BUTTON };
 
-  typedef std::vector<std::string> ComboValues;
+  typedef std::vector<string> ComboValues;
 
   struct Option {
 
-    std::string name, defaultValue, currentValue;
+    string name, defaultValue, currentValue;
     OptionType type;
     size_t idx;
     int minValue, maxValue;
@@ -71,7 +65,7 @@ namespace {
     bool operator<(const Option& o) const { return this->idx < o.idx; }
   };
 
-  typedef std::map<std::string, Option> Options;
+  typedef std::map<string, Option> Options;
 
   ///
   /// Constants
@@ -85,6 +79,7 @@ namespace {
     o["Use Search Log"] = Option(false);
     o["Search Log Filename"] = Option("SearchLog.txt");
     o["Book File"] = Option("book.bin");
+    o["Best Book Move"] = Option(false);
     o["Mobility (Middle Game)"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
     o["Mobility (Endgame)"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
     o["Pawn Structure (Middle Game)"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
@@ -94,53 +89,30 @@ namespace {
     o["Space"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
     o["Aggressiveness"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
     o["Cowardice"] = Option(100, 0, 200);
-    o["King Safety Curve"] = Option("Quadratic", COMBO);
-
-       o["King Safety Curve"].comboValues.push_back("Quadratic");
-       o["King Safety Curve"].comboValues.push_back("Linear");  /*, "From File"*/
-
-    o["King Safety Coefficient"] = Option(40, 1, 100);
-    o["King Safety X Intercept"] = Option(0, 0, 20);
-    o["King Safety Max Slope"] = Option(30, 10, 100);
-    o["King Safety Max Value"] = Option(500, 100, 1000);
-    o["Queen Contact Check Bonus"] = Option(3, 0, 8);
-    o["Queen Check Bonus"] = Option(2, 0, 4);
-    o["Rook Check Bonus"] = Option(1, 0, 4);
-    o["Bishop Check Bonus"] = Option(1, 0, 4);
-    o["Knight Check Bonus"] = Option(1, 0, 4);
-    o["Discovered Check Bonus"] = Option(3, 0, 8);
-    o["Mate Threat Bonus"] = Option(3, 0, 8);
     o["Check Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
     o["Check Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(1, 0, 2);
-    o["Single Reply Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
+    o["Single Evasion Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
-    o["Single Reply Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
+    o["Single Evasion Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
-    o["Mate Threat Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(0, 0, 2);
+    o["Mate Threat Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
-    o["Mate Threat Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(0, 0, 2);
+    o["Mate Threat Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
     o["Pawn Push to 7th Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(1, 0, 2);
     o["Pawn Push to 7th Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(1, 0, 2);
     o["Passed Pawn Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(1, 0, 2);
     o["Passed Pawn Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(0, 0, 2);
     o["Pawn Endgame Extension (PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
     o["Pawn Endgame Extension (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(2, 0, 2);
-    o["Full Depth Moves (PV nodes)"] = Option(14, 1, 100);
-    o["Full Depth Moves (non-PV nodes)"] = Option(3, 1, 100);
-    o["Threat Depth"] = Option(5, 0, 100);
-    o["Futility Pruning (Main Search)"] = Option(true);
-    o["Futility Pruning (Quiescence Search)"] = Option(true);
-    o["LSN filtering"] = Option(false);
-    o["LSN Time Margin (sec)"] = Option(4, 1, 10);
-    o["LSN Value Margin"] = Option(200, 100, 600);
     o["Randomness"] = Option(0, 0, 10);
     o["Minimum Split Depth"] = Option(4, 4, 7);
     o["Maximum Number of Threads per Split Point"] = Option(5, 4, 8);
-    o["Threads"] = Option(1, 1, 8);
+    o["Threads"] = Option(1, 1, MAX_THREADS);
-    o["Hash"] = Option(32, 4, 4096);
+    o["Hash"] = Option(32, 4, 8192);
     o["Clear Hash"] = Option(false, BUTTON);
+    o["New Game"] = Option(false, BUTTON);
     o["Ponder"] = Option(true);
     o["OwnBook"] = Option(true);
     o["MultiPV"] = Option(1, 1, 500);
-    o["UCI_ShowCurrLine"] = Option(false);
     o["UCI_Chess960"] = Option(false);
+    o["UCI_AnalyseMode"] = Option(false);
 
     // Any option should know its name so to be easily printed
     for (Options::iterator it = o.begin(); it != o.end(); ++it)
@@ -155,7 +127,7 @@ namespace {
 
   // stringify converts a value of type T to a std::string
   template<typename T>
-  std::string stringify(const T& v) {
+  string stringify(const T& v) {
 
      std::ostringstream ss;
      ss << v;
@@ -168,7 +140,7 @@ namespace {
   // type changes a template seems a proper solution.
 
   template<typename T>
-  T get_option_value(const std::string& optionName) {
+  T get_option_value(const string& optionName) {
 
       T ret = T();
       if (options.find(optionName) == options.end())
@@ -179,6 +151,18 @@ namespace {
       return ret;
   }
 
+  // Specialization for std::string where instruction 'ss >> ret;'
+  // would erroneusly tokenize a string with spaces.
+
+  template<>
+  string get_option_value<string>(const string& optionName) {
+
+      if (options.find(optionName) == options.end())
+          return string();
+
+      return options[optionName].currentValue;
+  }
+
 }
 
 ////
@@ -193,24 +177,18 @@ void init_uci_options() {
 
   load_defaults(options);
 
-  // Limit the default value of "Threads" to 7 even if we have 8 CPU cores.
+  // Set optimal value for parameter "Minimum Split Depth"
-  // According to Ken Dail's tests, Glaurung plays much better with 7 than
+  // according to number of available cores.
-  // with 8 threads.  This is weird, but it is probably difficult to find out
-  // why before I have a 8-core computer to experiment with myself.
   assert(options.find("Threads") != options.end());
   assert(options.find("Minimum Split Depth") != options.end());
 
-  options["Threads"].defaultValue = stringify(Min(cpu_count(), 7));
+  Option& thr = options["Threads"];
-  options["Threads"].currentValue = stringify(Min(cpu_count(), 7));
+  Option& msd = options["Minimum Split Depth"];
 
-  // Increase the minimum split depth when the number of CPUs is big.
+  thr.defaultValue = thr.currentValue = stringify(cpu_count());
-  // It would probably be better to let this depend on the number of threads
+
-  // instead.
+  if (cpu_count() >= 8)
-  if (cpu_count() > 4)
+      msd.defaultValue = msd.currentValue = stringify(7);
-  {
-      options["Minimum Split Depth"].defaultValue = "6";
-      options["Minimum Split Depth"].currentValue = "6";
-  }
 }
 
 
@@ -245,9 +223,7 @@ void print_uci_options() {
           std::cout << " default " << it->defaultValue;
 
       if (it->type == SPIN)
-          std::cout << " min " << it->minValue
+          std::cout << " min " << it->minValue << " max " << it->maxValue;
-                    << " max " << it->maxValue;
-
       else if (it->type == COMBO)
           for (ComboValues::const_iterator itc = it->comboValues.begin();
               itc != it->comboValues.end(); ++itc)
@@ -260,7 +236,7 @@ void print_uci_options() {
 /// get_option_value_bool() returns the current value of a UCI parameter of
 /// type "check".
 
-bool get_option_value_bool(const std::string& optionName) {
+bool get_option_value_bool(const string& optionName) {
 
   return get_option_value<bool>(optionName);
 }
@@ -271,7 +247,7 @@ bool get_option_value_bool(const std::string& optionName) {
 /// it could also be used with a "combo" parameter, where all the available
 /// values are integers.
 
-int get_option_value_int(const std::string& optionName) {
+int get_option_value_int(const string& optionName) {
 
   return get_option_value<int>(optionName);
 }
@@ -280,9 +256,9 @@ int get_option_value_int(const std::string& optionName) {
 /// get_option_value_string() returns the current value of a UCI parameter as
 /// a string. It is used with parameters of type "combo" and "string".
 
-const std::string get_option_value_string(const std::string& optionName) {
+string get_option_value_string(const string& optionName) {
 
-   return get_option_value<std::string>(optionName);
+   return get_option_value<string>(optionName);
 }
 
 
@@ -290,28 +266,45 @@ const std::string get_option_value_string(const std::string& optionName) {
 /// the function does not check that the new value is legal for the given
 /// parameter: This is assumed to be the responsibility of the GUI.
 
-void set_option_value(const std::string& optionName,
+void set_option_value(const string& name, const string& value) {
-                      const std::string& newValue) {
 
   // UCI protocol uses "true" and "false" instead of "1" and "0", so convert
-  // newValue according to standard C++ convention before to store it.
+  // value according to standard C++ convention before to store it.
-  std::string v(newValue);
+  string v(value);
   if (v == "true")
       v = "1";
   else if (v == "false")
       v = "0";
 
-  if (options.find(optionName) != options.end())
+  if (options.find(name) == options.end())
-      options[optionName].currentValue = v;
+  {
-  else
+      std::cout << "No such option: " << name << std::endl;
-      std::cout << "No such option: " << optionName << std::endl;
+      return;
+  }
+
+  // Normally it's up to the GUI to check for option's limits,
+  // but we could receive the new value directly from the user
+  // by teminal window. So let's check the bounds anyway.
+  Option& opt = options[name];
+
+  if (opt.type == CHECK && v != "0" && v != "1")
+      return;
+
+  else if (opt.type == SPIN)
+  {
+      int val = atoi(v.c_str());
+      if (val < opt.minValue || val > opt.maxValue)
+          return;
+  }
+
+  opt.currentValue = v;
 }
 
 
 /// push_button() is used to tell the engine that a UCI parameter of type
 /// "button" has been selected:
 
-void push_button(const std::string& buttonName) {
+void push_button(const string& buttonName) {
 
   set_option_value(buttonName, "true");
 }
@@ -321,10 +314,10 @@ void push_button(const std::string& buttonName) {
 /// been selected since the last time the function was called, in this case
 /// it also resets the button.
 
-bool button_was_pressed(const std::string& buttonName) {
+bool button_was_pressed(const string& buttonName) {
 
   if (!get_option_value<bool>(buttonName))
-	  return false;
+      return false;
 
   set_option_value(buttonName, "false");
   return true;

src/ucioption.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -27,27 +27,18 @@
 
 #include <string>
 
-
-////
-//// Variables
-////
-
-extern bool Chess960;
-
-
 ////
 //// Prototypes
 ////
 
 extern void init_uci_options();
 extern void print_uci_options();
-extern bool get_option_value_bool(const std::string &optionName);
+extern bool get_option_value_bool(const std::string& optionName);
-extern int get_option_value_int(const std::string &optionName);
+extern int get_option_value_int(const std::string& optionName);
-extern const std::string get_option_value_string(const std::string &optionName);
+extern std::string get_option_value_string(const std::string& optionName);
-extern bool button_was_pressed(const std::string &buttonName);
+extern bool button_was_pressed(const std::string& buttonName);
-extern void set_option_value(const std::string &optionName,
+extern void set_option_value(const std::string& optionName,const std::string& newValue);
-                             const std::string &newValue);
+extern void push_button(const std::string& buttonName);
-extern void push_button(const std::string &buttonName);
 
 
 #endif // !defined(UCIOPTION_H_INCLUDED)

src/value.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

src/value.h

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /*
   Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
   Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
-  Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Costalba
+  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Marco Costalba, Joona Kiiski, Tord Romstad
 
   Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -33,11 +33,10 @@
 ////
 
 enum ValueType {
-  VALUE_TYPE_NONE = 0,
+  VALUE_TYPE_NONE  = 0,
   VALUE_TYPE_UPPER = 1,  // Upper bound
   VALUE_TYPE_LOWER = 2,  // Lower bound
-  VALUE_TYPE_EXACT = 3,  // Exact score
+  VALUE_TYPE_EXACT = VALUE_TYPE_UPPER | VALUE_TYPE_LOWER
-  VALUE_TYPE_EVAL  = 4   // Evaluation cache
 };
 
 
@@ -46,10 +45,49 @@ enum Value {
   VALUE_KNOWN_WIN = 15000,
   VALUE_MATE = 30000,
   VALUE_INFINITE = 30001,
-  VALUE_NONE = 30002
+  VALUE_NONE = 30002,
+  VALUE_ENSURE_SIGNED = -1
 };
 
 
+/// Score enum keeps a midgame and an endgame value in a single
+/// integer (enum), first LSB 16 bits are used to store endgame
+/// value, while upper bits are used for midgame value.
+
+// Compiler is free to choose the enum type as long as can keep
+// its data, so ensure Score to be an integer type.
+enum Score { ENSURE_32_BITS_SIZE_P = (1 << 16), ENSURE_32_BITS_SIZE_N = -(1 << 16)};
+
+// Extracting the _signed_ lower and upper 16 bits it not so trivial
+// because according to the standard a simple cast to short is
+// implementation defined and so is a right shift of a signed integer.
+inline Value mg_value(Score s) { return Value(((int(s) + 32768) & ~0xffff) / 0x10000); }
+
+// Unfortunatly on Intel 64 bit we have a small speed regression, so use a faster code in
+// this case, although not 100% standard compliant it seems to work for Intel and MSVC.
+#if defined(IS_64BIT) && (!defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__INTEL_COMPILER))
+inline Value eg_value(Score s) { return Value(int16_t(s & 0xffff)); }
+#else
+inline Value eg_value(Score s) { return Value((int)(unsigned(s) & 0x7fffu) - (int)(unsigned(s) & 0x8000u)); }
+#endif
+
+inline Score make_score(int mg, int eg) { return Score((mg << 16) + eg); }
+
+inline Score operator-(Score s) { return Score(-int(s)); }
+inline Score operator+(Score s1, Score s2) { return Score(int(s1) + int(s2)); }
+inline Score operator-(Score s1, Score s2) { return Score(int(s1) - int(s2)); }
+inline void operator+=(Score& s1, Score s2) { s1 = Score(int(s1) + int(s2)); }
+inline void operator-=(Score& s1, Score s2) { s1 = Score(int(s1) - int(s2)); }
+inline Score operator*(int i, Score s) { return Score(i * int(s)); }
+
+// Division must be handled separately for each term
+inline Score operator/(Score s, int i) { return make_score(mg_value(s) / i, eg_value(s) / i); }
+
+// Only declared but not defined. We don't want to multiply two scores due to
+// a very high risk of overflow. So user should explicitly convert to integer.
+inline Score operator*(Score s1, Score s2);
+
+
 ////
 //// Constants and variables
 ////
@@ -62,16 +100,16 @@ enum Value {
 ///
 /// Values modified by Joona Kiiski
 
-const Value PawnValueMidgame   = Value(0x0CC);
+const Value PawnValueMidgame   = Value(0x0C6);
-const Value PawnValueEndgame   = Value(0x101);
+const Value PawnValueEndgame   = Value(0x102);
-const Value KnightValueMidgame = Value(0x332);
+const Value KnightValueMidgame = Value(0x331);
 const Value KnightValueEndgame = Value(0x34E);
-const Value BishopValueMidgame = Value(0x345);
+const Value BishopValueMidgame = Value(0x344);
-const Value BishopValueEndgame = Value(0x356);
+const Value BishopValueEndgame = Value(0x359);
-const Value RookValueMidgame   = Value(0x4F8);
+const Value RookValueMidgame   = Value(0x4F6);
-const Value RookValueEndgame   = Value(0x500);
+const Value RookValueEndgame   = Value(0x4FE);
-const Value QueenValueMidgame  = Value(0x9D5);
+const Value QueenValueMidgame  = Value(0x9D9);
-const Value QueenValueEndgame  = Value(0x9FB);
+const Value QueenValueEndgame  = Value(0x9FE);
 
 const Value PieceValueMidgame[17] = {
   Value(0),
@@ -93,10 +131,9 @@ const Value PieceValueEndgame[17] = {
   Value(0), Value(0), Value(0)
 };
 
-/// Bonus for having the side to move
+/// Bonus for having the side to move (modified by Joona Kiiski)
 
-const Value TempoValueMidgame = Value(48);
+const Score TempoValue = make_score(48, 22);
-const Value TempoValueEndgame = Value(21);
 
 
 ////